Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

C

H

H methane CHmethane CH44

less repulsion between the less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons bonding pairs of electrons

1095deg1095deg 90deg90deg

C

H

NH H

H

C

H

less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons

ammoniaammonia

NHNH33

C

H

H NH H

H

OH H

1095deg (1095deg)1095deg (1095deg) 1095deg (107deg)1095deg (107deg) 1095deg (1045deg)1095deg (1045deg)

water Hwater H22OO

H

CH H

HN

H HH

OH H

O OO

Ozone

O3

FormaldhydeH2CO

C O

H

HydrogenCyanide

HCN

H C N

H

C

HHH

C OHH

H C N

H

C

HHH

C OHH

H C N

Are there atomic orbitals on C Si N and O to Are there atomic orbitals on C Si N and O to accommodate the bonding electrons of the accommodate the bonding electrons of the shapes predicted by VSEPRshapes predicted by VSEPR

s orbitals orbital 3 p orbitals3 p orbitals

xx

yy

zz

xx

yyzz

xx

yy

zz

xx

yyzz

4 sp4 sp33 orbitals orbitals

xx

yyzz

xx

yyzz

CC

HH

C OHH

s + ps + pxx + p + pyy = 3 sp = 3 sp22 orbitals orbitals

ppzz orbital orbital

C OHH

OOCC

HH

C OHH

CC OOHH

HH

H C N

s + ps + pxx = 2 sp orbitals = 2 sp orbitals

PPyy orbital orbital PPzz orbital orbital

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NNHH

VSEPRVSEPRshapeshape

bondingbondinghybridhybridorbitalsorbitals

tetrahedraltetrahedral

trigonal trigonal planarplanar

linearlinear

spsp33

spsp22

spsp

Review EthaneReview Ethane

spsp33 CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Hybrid atomic orbitalsHybrid atomic orbitals

Why are hybrid orbitals used in chemical bondingWhy are hybrid orbitals used in chemical bonding

s orbitals orbital

andand

s - s - p p xx

++--

p orbitalp orbitalxx p p

xxs + s +

molecular orbitals a C-C bondmolecular orbitals a C-C bondmolecular orbitals a C-C bondmolecular orbitals a C-C bond

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

molecular orbitalsmolecular orbitalsa Ca C==C bondC bondmolecular orbitalsmolecular orbitalsa Ca C==C bondC bond

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

A model of ethene using hybrid A model of ethene using hybrid and atomic orbitalsand atomic orbitals

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

molecular orbitalsmolecular orbitalsa Ca C==O O bondbondmolecular orbitalsmolecular orbitalsa Ca C==O O bondbond

In contrast to the rotation about single bonds the In contrast to the rotation about single bonds the rotation about double bonds is very difficultrotation about double bonds is very difficult

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

Important consequences of Important consequences of Quantum MechanicsQuantum Mechanics

The locations of the electrons are describedThe locations of the electrons are described by atomic orbitalsby atomic orbitals

A given orbital can contain only 2 electronsA given orbital can contain only 2 electrons(Pauli exclusion principle)(Pauli exclusion principle)

Atomic orbitals on different atoms will can combine to Atomic orbitals on different atoms will can combine to give molecular orbitals but only if their symmetry matchesgive molecular orbitals but only if their symmetry matches

Each orbital has an associated energy and electrons willEach orbital has an associated energy and electrons willoccupy the lowest energy orbitals first occupy the lowest energy orbitals first

good good bond bondbad ndash wrong symmetry bad ndash wrong symmetry No bondingNo bonding

C N OC N O

s orbitals orbital p orbitalsp orbitals

HH

xx

yy

zz

These atomic orbitals These atomic orbitals and their hybridsand their hybrids will be used will be used extensively in our models of chemical bondingextensively in our models of chemical bonding

Common hybrid orbitals used in bonding of Common hybrid orbitals used in bonding of carbon nitrogen and oxygencarbon nitrogen and oxygen

spsp

xx

yy

zz

2s2s 2p2pzz2p2pxx2p2pyy

spsphybrid orbital angle 180deghybrid orbital angle 180deg

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

hybrid orbital angle 120deghybrid orbital angle 120degppzz

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

hybrid orbital angle 1095deghybrid orbital angle 1095deg

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 2: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

NH H

H

C

H

less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons

ammoniaammonia

NHNH33

C

H

H NH H

H

OH H

water Hwater H22OO

H

CH H

HN

H HH

OH H

O OO

Ozone

O3

FormaldhydeH2CO

C O

H

HydrogenCyanide

HCN

H C N

H

C

HHH

C OHH

H C N

H

C

HHH

C OHH

H C N

xx

yy

zz

xx

yyzz

xx

yy

zz

xx

yyzz

xx

yyzz

xx

yyzz

CC

HH

C OHH

OOCC

HH

C OHH

CC OOHH

HH

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NNHH

linearlinear

spsp33

spsp22

spsp

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

s orbitals orbital

andand

s - s - p p xx

++--

xxs + s +

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 3: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

C

H

H NH H

H

OH H

water Hwater H22OO

H

CH H

HN

H HH

OH H

O OO

Ozone

O3

FormaldhydeH2CO

C O

H

HydrogenCyanide

HCN

H C N

H

C

HHH

C OHH

H C N

H

C

HHH

C OHH

H C N

xx

yy

zz

xx

yyzz

xx

yy

zz

xx

yyzz

xx

yyzz

xx

yyzz

CC

HH

C OHH

OOCC

HH

C OHH

CC OOHH

HH

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NNHH

linearlinear

spsp33

spsp22

spsp

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

s orbitals orbital

andand

s - s - p p xx

++--

xxs + s +

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 4: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

H

CH H

HN

H HH

OH H

O OO

Ozone

O3

FormaldhydeH2CO

C O

H

HydrogenCyanide

HCN

H C N

H

C

HHH

C OHH

H C N

H

C

HHH

C OHH

H C N

xx

yy

zz

xx

yyzz

xx

yy

zz

xx

yyzz

xx

yyzz

xx

yyzz

CC

HH

C OHH

OOCC

HH

C OHH

CC OOHH

HH

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NNHH

linearlinear

spsp33

spsp22

spsp

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

s orbitals orbital

andand

s - s - p p xx

++--

xxs + s +

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 5: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

O OO

Ozone

O3

FormaldhydeH2CO

C O

H

HydrogenCyanide

HCN

H C N

H

C

HHH

C OHH

H C N

H

C

HHH

C OHH

H C N

xx

yy

zz

xx

yyzz

xx

yy

zz

xx

yyzz

xx

yyzz

xx

yyzz

CC

HH

C OHH

OOCC

HH

C OHH

CC OOHH

HH

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NNHH

linearlinear

spsp33

spsp22

spsp

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

s orbitals orbital

andand

s - s - p p xx

++--

xxs + s +

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 6: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

FormaldhydeH2CO

C O

H

HydrogenCyanide

HCN

H C N

H

C

HHH

C OHH

H C N

H

C

HHH

C OHH

H C N

xx

yy

zz

xx

yyzz

xx

yy

zz

xx

yyzz

xx

yyzz

xx

yyzz

CC

HH

C OHH

OOCC

HH

C OHH

CC OOHH

HH

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NNHH

linearlinear

spsp33

spsp22

spsp

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

s orbitals orbital

andand

s - s - p p xx

++--

xxs + s +

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 7: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

HydrogenCyanide

HCN

H C N

H

C

HHH

C OHH

H C N

H

C

HHH

C OHH

H C N

xx

yy

zz

xx

yyzz

xx

yy

zz

xx

yyzz

xx

yyzz

xx

yyzz

CC

HH

C OHH

OOCC

HH

C OHH

CC OOHH

HH

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NNHH

linearlinear

spsp33

spsp22

spsp

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

s orbitals orbital

andand

s - s - p p xx

++--

xxs + s +

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 8: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

H

C

HHH

C OHH

H C N

H

C

HHH

C OHH

H C N

xx

yy

zz

xx

yyzz

xx

yy

zz

xx

yyzz

xx

yyzz

xx

yyzz

CC

HH

C OHH

OOCC

HH

C OHH

CC OOHH

HH

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NNHH

linearlinear

spsp33

spsp22

spsp

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

s orbitals orbital

andand

s - s - p p xx

++--

xxs + s +

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 9: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

H

C

HHH

C OHH

H C N

xx

yy

zz

xx

yyzz

xx

yy

zz

xx

yyzz

xx

yyzz

xx

yyzz

CC

HH

C OHH

OOCC

HH

C OHH

CC OOHH

HH

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NNHH

linearlinear

spsp33

spsp22

spsp

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

s orbitals orbital

andand

s - s - p p xx

++--

xxs + s +

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 10: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

xx

yy

zz

xx

yyzz

xx

yy

zz

xx

yyzz

xx

yyzz

xx

yyzz

CC

HH

C OHH

OOCC

HH

C OHH

CC OOHH

HH

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NNHH

linearlinear

spsp33

spsp22

spsp

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

s orbitals orbital

andand

s - s - p p xx

++--

xxs + s +

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 11: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

xx

yy

zz

xx

yyzz

xx

yyzz

xx

yyzz

CC

HH

C OHH

OOCC

HH

C OHH

CC OOHH

HH

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NNHH

linearlinear

spsp33

spsp22

spsp

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

s orbitals orbital

andand

s - s - p p xx

++--

xxs + s +

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 12: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

xx

yyzz

xx

yyzz

CC

HH

C OHH

OOCC

HH

C OHH

CC OOHH

HH

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NNHH

linearlinear

spsp33

spsp22

spsp

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

s orbitals orbital

andand

s - s - p p xx

++--

xxs + s +

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 13: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

xx

yyzz

CC

HH

C OHH

OOCC

HH

C OHH

CC OOHH

HH

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NNHH

linearlinear

spsp33

spsp22

spsp

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

s orbitals orbital

andand

s - s - p p xx

++--

xxs + s +

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 14: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

C OHH

OOCC

HH

C OHH

CC OOHH

HH

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NNHH

linearlinear

spsp33

spsp22

spsp

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

s orbitals orbital

andand

s - s - p p xx

++--

xxs + s +

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 15: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

C OHH

OOCC

HH

C OHH

CC OOHH

HH

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NNHH

linearlinear

spsp33

spsp22

spsp

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

s orbitals orbital

andand

s - s - p p xx

++--

xxs + s +

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 16: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

C OHH

OOCC

HH

C OHH

CC OOHH

HH

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NNHH

linearlinear

spsp33

spsp22

spsp

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

s orbitals orbital

andand

s - s - p p xx

++--

xxs + s +

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 17: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

C OHH

CC OOHH

HH

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NNHH

linearlinear

spsp33

spsp22

spsp

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

s orbitals orbital

andand

s - s - p p xx

++--

xxs + s +

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 18: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NNHH

linearlinear

spsp33

spsp22

spsp

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

s orbitals orbital

andand

s - s - p p xx

++--

xxs + s +

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 19: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NNHH

linearlinear

spsp33

spsp22

spsp

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

s orbitals orbital

andand

s - s - p p xx

++--

xxs + s +

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 20: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NNHH

linearlinear

spsp33

spsp22

spsp

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

s orbitals orbital

andand

s - s - p p xx

++--

xxs + s +

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 21: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NNHH

linearlinear

spsp33

spsp22

spsp

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

s orbitals orbital

andand

s - s - p p xx

++--

xxs + s +

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 22: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

H C N

CC NN

H C N

CC NNHH

linearlinear

spsp33

spsp22

spsp

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

s orbitals orbital

andand

s - s - p p xx

++--

xxs + s +

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 23: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

H C N

CC NNHH

linearlinear

spsp33

spsp22

spsp

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

s orbitals orbital

andand

s - s - p p xx

++--

xxs + s +

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 24: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

linearlinear

spsp33

spsp22

spsp

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

s orbitals orbital

andand

s - s - p p xx

++--

xxs + s +

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 25: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

s orbitals orbital

andand

s - s - p p xx

++--

xxs + s +

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 26: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

s orbitals orbital

andand

s - s - p p xx

++--

xxs + s +

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 27: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

s orbitals orbital

andand

s - s - p p xx

++--

xxs + s +

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 28: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 29: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

energyenergy

CspCsp33 CspCsp33

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 30: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

energyenergy

CspCsp22 CspCsp22

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 31: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

HH

HHCC

HH

HHCC

CC CCHH

HH HH

HH

σ-bond

π-bond

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 32: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

HH

HHOOCC

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 33: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

energyenergy

12 kJ12 kJ

C

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 34: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

x

y

z

2px

2pz

2py

2s

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 35: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 36: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

C N OC N O

HH

xx

yy

zz

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 37: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

spsp

xx

yy

zz

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 38: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

spsp spsp

ppzz

ppyy

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 39: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

spsp22

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 40: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

spsp33

2s2s2p2pzz2p2pxx

2p2pyy

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 41: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

MethaneMethane

spsp33

HH

C

H

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 42: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

EthaneEthane

spsp33H

HH

C H

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 43: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 44: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

EthaneEthane

spsp33

H

C

HH

H

HH

C

CCsp3sp3-H-Hss

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Page 45: Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

EthaneEthane

CCsp3sp3-C-Csp3sp3

Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Slide 21
Slide 22
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 29
Slide 31
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 37
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Slide 43
Slide 44
Slide 45
Slide 46
Slide 47
Slide 48
Slide 49

Date post:	03-Jan-2016
Category:	Documents
Upload:	vincent-ross
View:	214 times
Download:	1 times

Methane, CH 4 less repulsion between the bonding pairs of electrons 109.5° 90°

Documents