Metodologie FINAL

8/18/2019 Metodologie FINAL

1/49

Rolul mijloacelor de

informare într-o campanie

electorală

Profesor coordonator:

Lector univ. dr. Ramona Delia Popescu

Anul I

Seria II

Grupa !"


2/49

CUPRINS

LISTA CU AUTORII PROIECTULUI...................................................................................2

INTRODUCERE.......................................................................................................................5

CAPITOLUL I. DISPOZI IILE LEGALE PRIVIND MODUL DE DESFĂ URARE AȚ ȘCAMPANIILOR ELECTORALE..............................................................................................8

CAPITOLUL II. ROLUL MASS-MEDIA ÎN PROMOVAREA CANDIDA ILOR Ț .............12

CAPITOLUL III. CAMPANIA ELECTORALA 2014...........................................................21

CAPITOLUL IV. INFLUEN A PRESEI ASUPRA CANDIDATULUIȚ ................................28

CAPITOLUL V. CONFRUNTĂRILE DINTRE CANDIDA II LA FUNC IA DEȚ Ț

PRE EDINTEȘ ...........................................................................................................................32

CAPITOLUL VI. RELA IA DINTRE OPINIA PUBLICĂ I AUTORITĂ ILE PUBLICEȚ Ș Ț...................................................................................................................................................35

CAPITOLUL VII. ORGANIZAREA SONDAELOR I IMPORTAN A!RELEVAN AȘ Ț ȚLOR...........................................................................................................................................3"

IMPRESII ASUPRA PROIECTULUI..................................................................................43

2


3/49

LISTA CU AUTORII PROIECTULUI

Lider de grupă: #lorea $ianca-%lena

1. Anghel Loredana-Andreea

2. Barbu Iulia-Alexandra

3. Bogdan Diana-Andreea

4. Bogzoiu Nicolea-Daniela

!. "a#e$cu %eorgiana-&iruna

'. "odarcea Alina

(. )noiu Alexandru

*. +ilip +lorin

,. +lorea Bianca-)lena

1. %herzan Ale$$ia-Irina

11. %receanu Andrei-%abriel

12. %u oi eodora-Andreeaș

13. Ion /irginia-Ioana

14. Lohănel Irina-&ihaela

1!. &arin %ilber

1'. &elcea Luchiana-"o$inela

1(. &oncea /lad

1*. Ni$ore$cu Alexandru-Ionuț

1,. 0ancea aul eanȘ

2. ăra cu Anaariaș

21. elican %eorge

22. i$ică &ihai-Alin

523. adu Diana-Alexandra

3


4/49

24. 6a$u )lena-Irena

2!. 6căpău Ionela

2'. 6ibianu Andrei-"orneliu

2(. 6aie Laura-Ioana

2*. 6egăru eodora-&ariaș

2,. 6e7eroiu Andreea-"ri$ina

3. oderoiu Andreea

31. udor Andrada

32. /87lăne$cu are -&ihaiș

33. 9air Andrei-Ioan

4


5/49

L#$%&%'& %'(%')*+, #+ /$#'+, $# %/ (%&$,*$ **+ / #% '

*+/%&%' ('+,%# /(*+*& (#*$& 6+ '7,#% $# /# 6+ $&%' ' ' /&%ș

&'7'%*' * *+#'+ & (' $&%' */&$'' '*& / &#(%& '%#%** $&(&+**/% ș ț''$,/%&' $%'9+ / *&7*+' &:/%&* (&%,*$*(&+ */% 6+ $#%& ''$,/%&. P'+,%#ț

& 6+ ''7' &* *+' $' (%'#(#+' *'$&%' *+,%' *'*' ';(#' &+,'%*/% &ț

6(% *, #$%&%'& 6+ $&(*,/' *(#' &,'


6/49

INTRODUCERE

S/$*',&,'& $*:* %'(%')*+, *+,*,# **' * /%7&+*)& **' /$*&' * $*:*' $&%' $/+,*,#*,'ț ș ț ș &)& '/$%& *'*. A$'&,& &%' (#,'%'& ' & *+#'+ & '$*)**' '$/+/*$' (/*,*$' * ' *+,'%'ț ț ș (#*$. E,' /%&, *+ $', '+* &/$*& ** # *'%*,' /%' $&%' &$''& * *+,'%'' * $&%'ț ț ș ș

6+$'&%$ (' $9, (/** ' /%7&+*)')' * &('%' %'('$,&%'& %'(,#%*/% #+&'+,&'.ș

C/+/% (%':''%*/% *+ C/+,*,# *' R/9+*& ',' #+ ,&, +&,*/+& #:'%&+ *ț ș*+'('+'+, #+*,&% * *+*:*)** /%7&+*)&, (/,%*:*, (%*+$*(*##* '(&%& *'* * '$=**%##* $'/% ș ț ș,%'* (#,'%*< '7*&,*: ';'$#,*: * #'$,/%'&$.ș

F#+$ *& '7*&,*: &(&%& *+' P&%&'+,#* 6+ ,*( $' ,/%*,&,'& #'$,/%'&$ ','ț ț

';'%$*,&, ' *+,&+ '' #'$,/%' ,* *&% G#:'%+# * (%' '*+,'' %** ' *+ (%'%/7&,*:'ț ș ș ș ț ț';'$#,*:'. A,' P&%&'+,# ',' /%7&+# %'(%')'+,&,*: #(%' & (/(/%##* %/9+ * #+*$ș,/%*,&,' '7*#*,/&%' & %** **+ &$,#*, *+ C&'%& D'(#,& */% * S'+&,. T%'#*' ț ț ș'+ */+ $ ,/%*,&,'& #'$,/%'&$ (%'#(#+' $ #,* *& ',' *(&% *& *&% '7'& 'ț ț ț&(*$ ,#,#%/% $', '+*/% $&%' ' #$#% ' '7&*,&,'& 6+ & & &$','*& *&% #'$,/%** #+,ț ț

*+'(''+ * $# '+ *#+'& $ ' #(#+ '7**.ț ț

P%' '*+,'' %'(%')*+, / ,/%*,&,' (#*$ $' &%' / *(/%,&+ '/'*, 6+ ,&,. E &%'ș ț

6+ 7%* %'('$,&%'& C/+,*,# *'* #+& #+$ */+&%' & ,/%*, */% (#*$' *&% G#:'%+# &%'ț ț ț

%/# ' & &*7#%& %'&*)&%'& (/*,*$** *+,'%+' * ';,'%+' & ,&,##* * ';'%$*, $/+#$'%'&ș ș7'+'%& & &*+*,%& *'* (#*$'.ț

E;('%,# %&+$') 6+ ',',*$& $*+'&,/7%&*$ &$>#' A#/+, $/+*'% $ & *+,%&,6+ ?$*:**)&@*& *&7*+**. T/, $' +' 6+$/+/&% ' &)'&) (' / %'(%')'+,&%' / *&7*+'/&%'$&%'. P#*$# +# &* $%'' &$ +#-* &* *&7*+* /:')* &* *+' )*. P9+ & #%*&7*+*' 6 &$ (' / $%'& 6+,%-#+ &(, &+#' * +# *$#%# #+#* *'% (/*,*$ $&%' ','$*,*, ' $' &* #,' /%* $# / ';(%'*:*,&,' $' (/&,' ')&%& (' /%*$*+'.

C#:9+,# ?*&7*+' ',' ' /%*7*+' &,*+ ?I&7/ - *#* '+**$ / *&7*+'

%'(%')'+,&%' (/%,%',# $#*:&. G%'$'$# ?'*$/+ &%' &$'&* '+ ' *&7*+' (/%,%',. D' &' (%/:*+' $#:6+,# *$/+/7%&*' *$/+/$*,&,' *$/+*$.

Î+ *& %/9+ $#:9+,# *&7*+' &%' *'%*,' '+#%*< *'' $/+$'( *' */ț'' /% &(&%'+ ț $/(*' $/+,%&*7#% ',$. P/*'&+,*# $#:9+,##* ?*&7*+' &/, /,*:# $&%' *-& 6+'+&, (' #+** $'%$',,/%* %'+#+@' & #,**)&%'& #* 6+ $9(#$/#+*$&@*/+& ('+,%# & +# $%'& $/+#)**. Î+ $&%,'& & ?C/#+*$&%'& *+,*,#@*/+&$'%$',,/%# C/+,&+,*+ M&%*+ '*+',' &* #,' ,*(#%* ' +/@*#+' ' *&7*+* ('$**$'*+,*,#@**/%. A ''$,&, $9,':& ,*(#%* ' *&7*+' ('$**$' (&%,*'/% (/*,*$' * *'%*/%

(/*,*$* & $%'&%'& $%/%& $/+,%*#*' 6+,%-/ &%' #% &-'*&<

6


7/49

• Imaginea ineis$en$" - '+**$ *(& &$','*&. D'(%' (/*,*$*'+* (#,' (#+' $ &$',*& +#

- 6+7%**, ' (%'7,*%'& (*,'* ' &+&%' 6+ (/*,*$ * %'('$,*: / *&7*+' *+';*,'+,. N# (#,' &*%& &$', #$%# * '(%' (/*,*$*'+** ,*+'%* $&%' &*& ' &+'&) 6+ &%'&# (/*,*$

•

Imaginea po$en ial" %ț ';*, /&% $& #+ (%/*'$, *(*'+,&%'& '* #%9+ :*+. D'**&7*+'& ',' $/'$,*: $& ('%$'(@*' +# /&% $& / $/+$'(@*' &% * / '%/&%' $%'' $

(/*,*$*&+# (&%,*# ' *(*, ' %'(,# * (/***,&,'& ' & ,&** (&%&',%** *&7*+** &'

• Imaginea real" a #eea #e #rede p+li#l despre ins$i$/ia so#ial%poli$i#"0 sa poli$i#ianl

#are par$i#ip" la alegeri. A$'&,& (/&,' * *'%*, ' *&7*+'& (' $&%' & (%/*'$,&,-/ * (' $&%'*-/ /%',' /%*$' (/*,*$*&+.

• Imaginea par ial" %ț (%'#(#+' $ 6+ $9(# ' /'%:&@*' & (#*$##* +*'%*, /&% #+''

&('$,' &' *'+,*,@** /##* (/*,*$. Î+ &$', $&) /# (/*,*$ '+'*$*&) ' / ('%$'('%'*+$/(', *+ (&%,'& (#*$##*

• Imaginea deplin" - ',' &,',&, &,#+$* $9+ '(%' *'%# (/*,*$ ' #'$ 6+ $/(';*,&,'

&,#+$* $9+ /%*'+,%*' * $/+$'(@**' (/*,*$*&+##* #+, $#+/$#,' 6+ ',&*#

• Imaginea pozi$iv" - $/+'+'&) $ 6+ $/+,**+@& #&+ - '*'+,&, $&*,@*' &,%&$,*:'

&' (/*,*$*&+##* &%,& ' $/+:'%& (%' ';'(#

•

Imaginea nega$iv" - &%&, $ (/*,*$*&+# ' &(%'$*&, ' (#*$ (%*+ **'%& :#+'%&**,@**

#*

• Imaginea soma$i#" % (/*,*$*&+# (&%,*# (/*,*$ ',' ('%$'(#, %'$#+/$#, ' (#*$ (%*+

%'(%')'+,%* *$/+*$' (&,/% *7& (&%,*##* $#/&%' & $,*:*,@*' &$@*#+*' (' $&%' '/%7&+*)'&) (%' ';'(# PPCD ?%':/#@*& (/%,/$&*'-T&H I#$'+H/ 6+ U$%&*+&

• Imaginea #on#ep$al" #7'%'&) $ (&%,*# (/*,*$ ',' ',*&, (%*+ (%*& %&@*/+&##*. L&

&)& '* ' & &$$'(,&%'& */)/*'* /$,%*+'* (&%,*##* %'('$,*:

• Imaginea #ren$" *#,%'&) *'+,*,&'& & )* & (&%,*##* (/*,*$ /%* & (/*,*$*&+##* +# $'&

$&%' '%& &$# 50 ' &+*. D' ';'(# &'7,/%** PCRM *'+,**$ (&%,*# %'('$,*: $#*&7*+'& ' &$# #,&,' ' '$/ '* 6+,%' ,*( - $=*&, $/+$'(@**' /%*'+,%*''%** ',$

• Imaginea de perspe#$iv" ' /# 6+ $&%' (&%,*# /%',' *' ('%$'(#, (' :**,/%. A,' '

*&7*+' ',' (%/7+/)&, ' &$'' (&%,*' $&%' ,*+ (%' / %'(%/*&%' (%' / %'&+&%' 6+,%-/+/# *(/,&) /%# *&% (%*+ &$'&, +/# *'+,*,&,' #%(%*+ (#*$#. E,' $&)#

(&%,*'/% $&%' +# &:#, /%@* ' *)9+ & #,*'' &'7'%* (/&,' *+ $/+*'%'+,# $ (&,/%& /% (/*,*$ +# & /, ',# ' &,%&$,*: ('+,%# &'7,/%. N' :/ %''%* &*$* * &

7


8/49

,%&,'7*& #+#* (&%,* $$* /%*$' /%&@*#+' (/*,*$ $&%' :%'& *' 6+ ,/( &%' / ,%&,'7*' *+''*+*,

• Imaginea in$erna/ional" ' %''% &* #, & (&%,*'' $&%' #+, *+' $#+/$#,' 6+

,%*+,&,' $# &% * (&%,*# '/$%&, * %'(#*$&+ 6+ SUA (&%,*# &#%*, 6+ M&%'&B%*,&+*' (&%,*# $/#+*, *+ C=*+& /%* C#& %'7*#%*' /+&%=*$' *+ &(/+*& M&%'&B%*,&+*' ',$.

• Imaginea !als" ',' &,#+$* $6+ :*)*#+'& (' $&%' / &%' (#*$# &#(%& (&%,*##* +#

$/%'(#+' %'&*,@**. A$', (&%,* ',' &$#)&, 6+ #,* *+,&+@ ' &+*(#&%' * *+#$'%' 6+'%/&%' & (#*$##*. D' %'7# &$',* (/*,*$*'+* #+, '$/('%*@* #( $' /, :/,&@* *

(%**, #+$@** 6+ G#:'%+ P&%&'+,

• Imaginea eagera$" &% (#,'& * $&**$&, %'(, / :&%*',&,' & *&7*+** &'. Î+ &$', $&) '

(/&,' (#+' $ (&%,*# /%* (/*,*$*&+# &$' &#) ' $%'***,&,'& (#*$##* * ' &-* *+*,%& 6+/ (%''*&,&, / 6+$=*(#*%' :*, ';&7'%&, '(%' :*%,#@*' &'.

CAPITOLUL I. DISPOZIȚIILE LEGALEPRIVIND MODUL DE DESFĂȘURARE

A CAMPANIILOR ELECTORALE

L'7'& +%. 35!2008 ('+,%# &'7'%'& C&'%'* D'(#,&@*/% * & S'+&,##* * ('+,%#/**$&%'& * $/(',&%'& L'7** +%. J!2004 ('+,%# &'7'%'& ,/%*,@*/% &*+*,%&@*'*

(#*$' /$&' & L'7** &*+*,%&@*'* (#*$' /$&' +%. 215!2001 * & L'7** +%.3"3!2004 (%*:*+ S,&,#,# &'*/% /$&* $# /**$%*' * $/(',%*' #,'%*/&%' ,*,# I :&%*&+,&$,#&*)&, ' A#,/%*,&,'& E'$,/%& P'%&+'+, (9+ & &,& ' 10.0".2012.

ART. 2

Î+ '+# (%')'+,##* ,*,# ,'%'+** * ';(%'**' ' &* / #%,/&%'& '+**$&@*'<

). A!i1 ele#$oral - &(' '$&%&@*' /,/7%&*' * &, &,'%*& # /% ,*(%*, #,**)&, 6+C&(&+*& ''$,/%& ' $/(',*,/%** ''$,/%&* 6+ $/( ' *+/%&%' * (%/(&7&+ ''$,/%&

'. Aleg"$or - /%*$' $',@'&+ & R/9+*'* $# %'(, ' :/, * $&%' & 6(*+*, :9%,& ' 18 &+* (9+ 6+ )*#& &'7'%*/% *+$#*:

2. A%/7&,

8


9/49

*. Alegeri parlamen$are - &'7'%* ('+,%# ''+&%'& '%*/% C&'%'* D'(#,&@*/% *S'+&,##* &' P&%&'+,##* R/9+*'*

3. Alegeri generale - /%*$' ,*( ' &'7'%* $&%' /$ 6+,%-/ *+7#% )* (' 6+,%'7 ,'%*,/%*# @%**

4. Alegeri an$i#ipa$e - &'7'%* /%7&+*)&,' 6+ $&)# *)/:%** P&%&'+,##* 45). Par$ide poli$i#e parlamen$are - (&%,*' (/*,*$' * /%7&+*)&@** &' $',@'+*/% &(&%@*+9+*+/%*,@*/% +&@*/+&' $' 7%#( (&%&'+,&% (%/(%*# 6+ &'' C&'%' &' P&%&'+,##*

6. Alian a ele#$oral"ț - &/$*'%' & +*:' +&@*/+& 6+,%' (&%,*' (/*,*$' *! &*&+@' (/*,*$'*! /%7&+*)&@** &' $',@'+*/% &(&%@*+9+ *+/%*,@*/% +&@*/+&' 6+ $/(# (&%,*$*(%** &&'7'%*' ('+,%# C&'%& D'(#,&@*/% * S'+&, 6+%'7*,%&, & B*%/# E'$,/%& C'+,%&

7. Alian a poli$i#"ț - &/$*'%' 6+,%' (&%,*' (/*,*$' (' &)& #+#* (%/,/$/ ' &/$*'%'6+%'7*,%&, & T%*#+&# B#$#%',* (/,%*:*, L'7** (&%,*'/% (/*,*$' +%.14!2003 $#

$/(',%*' #,'%*/&%'

8. Cir#ms#rip ie ele#$oral"ț - #+*,&,' &*+*,%&,*:-,'%*,/%*& - #'@ #+*$*(*#B#$#%',* - /%* $*%$#$%*(@*& ''$,/%& ('+,%# %/9+** $# /*$**# %''*+@& 6+ &&%&@%** 6+ $&%' ' /%7&+*)'&) &'7'%* * & +*:'# $%'*& ' &,%*#*' &+&,' 6+ #+$@*' '%')#,&,'' &'7'%*/%

)(. Colegi ninominal - ##+*,&,' & #+'* $*%$#$%*(@** ''$,/%&' 6+ $&%' ',' &,%*#*, #+*+7#% &+&,

)). 9iro ele#$oral - /%7&+* $&%' ' $/+,*,#*' ('+,%# #+& /%7&+*)&%' * '#%&%' &&'7'%*/% & +*:' +&@*/+& & +*:' ' $*%$#$%*(@*' ''$,/%& * & +*:' ' '$@*' ' :/,&%'

)'. O!i#i ele#$oral - /%7&+* ''$,/%& $/+,*,#*, & +*:'# '$,/&%'/% #+*$*(*##*B#$#%',* % & &:'& &,%*#@*& ' & $/+,&,& %')#,&,'' &'7'%*/% & &$' +*:' 6+ &:9+%/# ' & $/+,%*#* & #+& /%7&+*)&%' * '#%&%' & &'7'%*/% *+ C*%$#$%*(@*& E'$,/%&B#$#%',* *+$#*: (%*+ ,/,&*)&%'& %')#,&,##* &'7'%*/% & +*:' ' '$,/%

)2. Campanie ele#$oral" - ('%*/& 6+ $&%' $/(',*,/%** ''$,/%&* '/&% &$,*:*,@* ' (%/(&7&+ $# $/(# ' &-* ','%*+& (' &'7,/%* 6* ';(%*' :/,#%*' 6+ &:/&%'& /%

)*. Candida$ - ('%/&+ $&%' (&%,*$*( & &'7'%* 6+ #%& (%/(#+'%*/% 6+&*+,&,' '$/(',*,/%* ''$,/%&* 6+ +#' (%/(%*# ('+,%# & /@*+' #+ &+&, ' '(#,&, ''+&,/% 6+ $/+*@**' 6+ $&%' $&+*&,#%& & ',' '$&%&, '*+*,*: ' $,%' /%7&+*#''$,/%& $/%'(#+),/% (/,%*:*, (%')'+,##* ,*,#

)3. Candida$ independen$ - ('%/&+ $&%' (&%,*$*( & &'7'%* ('+,%# & /@*+' #+ &+&, ''(#,&, ' '+&,/% * $&%' ' ,/(%/(#+' ('+,%# &$'&,& **+ #@*+#, ' #+ &+#*,+#% ' &'7,/%* 6+ $/+*@**' 6+ $&%' $&+*&,#%& & ',' '$&%&, '*+*,*: ' $,%'/%7&+*# ''$,/%& $/%'(#+),/% (/,%*:*, (%')'+,##* ,*,#

)4. Compe$i$ori ele#$orali - (&%,*'' (/*,*$' &*&+@'' (/*,*$' &*&+@'' ''$,/%&' */%7&+*)&@**' '7& $/+,*,#*,' &' $',@'+*/% &(&%@*+9+ #+'* *+/%*,@* +&@*/+&' %'(%')'+,&,'

9


10/49

6+ C/+**# M*+/%*,@*/% N&@*/+&' $&%' 6+&*+,'&) (%/(#+'%* ' $&+*&,#% (%'$# *$&+*&@** *+'('+'+@*

)6. Con$es$a/ie - $&' ' &,&$ (%*+ $&%' /%*$' (&%,' *+,'%'&, - $',@'+* $&+*&@* $/(',*,/%*''$,/%&* - /*$*, *%/#%*/% ''$,/%&' &**,&,' *+,&+@'/% #'$,/%',* $/(','+,'

%'('$,&%'& (%':''%*/% '+@*/+&,' $& &,&%' 6+ (%')'+,# ,*,#

)7.Desemnarea #andida/ilor - (%/$'#% ' &/(,&%' ' $,%' (&%,*' (/*,*$' &*&+@' (/*,*$' &*&+@' ''$,/%&' * /%7&+*)&@** &' $',@'+*/% &(&%@*+9+ *+/%*,@*/% +&@*/+&' &'$*)**/% $# (%*:*%' & (%/(#+'%*' ' $&+*&,#%*

)8. Domi#ili - &%'& & $&%' ('%/&+& *)*$ '$&% $ &%' /$#*+@& (%*+$*(& * $&%' ','6+$%* 6+ &$,# ' *'+,*,&,'

'(. Re1edin/" - &%'& & $&%' ('%/&+& *)*$ '$&% $ &%' /$#*+@& '$#+&% &,& '$9,

$'& ' /*$**# * $&%' ',' '+@*/+&, 6+ &$,# ' *'+,*,&,' '). Lis$" ele#$oral" - *, $' $#(%*+' ,/@* &'7,/%** $&%' 6* ';'%$*, %'(,# ' :/, 6+ $&%##+'* '$@** ' :/,&%'

''. Lis$" de ss/in"$ori - *, $#(%*+)9+ #+'' &,' ('%/+&' * '+,#%*' &'7,/%*/% $&%' #@*+ / &+#*, (%/(#+'%' ' $&+*&,#% ('+,%# 6+$%*'%'& &$','*& 6+ &'7'%*

'2. O+serva$or in$ern - %'(%')'+,&+, & #+'* /%7&+*)&@** +'7#:'%+&'+,&' '7& $/+,*,#*,'$&%' &%' $& /*'$, (%*+$*(& ' &$,*:*,&,' &(%&%'& '/$%&@*'* * & %'(,#%*/% /##* &$%'*,&,

('+,%# & /'%:& (%/$'# ''$,/%& ' $,%' ,/%*,&,'& $/(','+, (/,%*:*, (%')'+,##* ,*,#.

R'('$,*:# %'(%')'+,&+, +# (/&,' * '%# & #+#* (&%,* (/*,*$

'*. O+serva$or in$erna/ional - %'(%')'+,&+, & #+'* /%7&+*)&@** *+,*,#@** ,%*+' &$%'*,&, ('+,%# & /'%:& (%/$'# ''$,/%& ' $,%' A#,/%*,&,'& E'$,/%& P'%&+'+,

'3. Perioad" ele#$oral" - *+,'%:&# ' ,*( $&%' 6+$'(' & &,& &#$'%** & $#+/,*+@ (#*$& )*'* &'7'%*/% * ' 6+$='*' /&, $# (#*$&%'& 6+ M/+*,/%# O*$*& & R/9+*'* P&%,'& I &%')#,&,##* $%#,*+##*. P'%*/&& ''$,/%& $#(%*+' *+,'%:&# ' ,*( *+,%' &,& &#$'%** &$#+/,*+@ (#*$ & )*'* &'7'%*/% * &,& 6+$'('%** $&(&+*'* ''$,/%&' $&(&+*&''$,/%& '#%&%'& ''$,*: & :/,%** +#%&%'& * $'+,%&*)&%'& :/,#%*/% ,&**%'&

%')#,&,##* :/,%** &,%*#*%'& &+&,'/% * (#*$&%'& %')#,&,##* &'7'%*/% 6+ M/+*,/%#O*$*& & R/9+*'* P&%,'& I

'4. Propnere de #andida$r" - &$, ' 6+$%*'%' 6+ $/(',*@*& ''$,/%& & ('%/&+'* $&%'/%',' $/+$#%')' 6+ &'7'%* ('+,%# $9,*7&%'& #+#* &+&, 6+ $/+*@**' 6+ $&%' ','

(%/(# * #@*+#, ' #+ $/(',*,/% ''$,/%& ' ,/(%/(#+' * ',' #@*+#, ' #+&+#*, +#% ' &'7,/%* 6+ $/+/%*,&,' $# (%':''%*' (%')'+,##* ,*,#

'6. Prag ele#$oral - (%/$'+,&# *+* *+ :/,#%*' :&&* ';(%*&,' '(&%&,' ('+,%# C&'%&D'(#,&@*/% * S'+&, +#%# *+* ' $/'7** #+*+/*+&' 6+ $&%' ' *,#'&) (' (%*#

/$ 6+ /%*+'& +#%##* ' :/,#%* :&&* ';(%*&,' ('+,%# #+ (&%,* (/*,*$ / &*&+@ (/*,*$ ''$,/%& +'$'&% ('+,%# & *+,%& 6+ (%/$'# ' *,%*#*%' & &+&,'/%

10


11/49

'7. Ineligi+ili$a$e - *,#&@*' (%':)#, 6+ C/+,*,#@*& R/9+*'* %'(#*$&, 6+ $&%' / ('%/&+ +# (/&,' * '(#,&, '+&,/%

'8. Minori$a$e na/ional" - &$'& ',+*' $&%' ',' %'(%')'+,&, 6+ C/+**# M*+/%*,@*/% N&@*/+&'

2(. :rad" ele#$oral" - /%*$' &$@*#+' *'7& $&%' &%' /$ 6+&*+,'& 6+ ,*(# #(6+$='*'%'& :/,%** /%* 6+ ,*(# +#%%** :/,#%*/% * 6+$='*'%** (%/$''/%:'%&' * $&%' &%'$& %')#,&, '+&,#%&%'& :/*+@'* &'7,/%*/% * $%'&%'& ' &:&+,&' $/+$%',*)&,' (%*+ &+&,' 6+

(# ('+,%# #+ $/(',*,/% ''$,/%&

2). Regis$rl ele#$oral - / &) ' &,' $'+,%&*)&, 6+ $&%' #+, 6+$%** ,/@* $',@'+** %/9+**+$#*: $'* $# /*$**# %''*+@& 6+ ,%*+,&,' $&%' 6(*+*, :9%,& ' 18 &+* $#%'(, ' :/,

2'. A#$ de iden$i$a$e - $&%,'& ' *'+,*,&,' $&%,'& ' *'+,*,&,' (%/:*)/%*' #',*+# '*'+,*,&,' 6+ $&)# $',@'+*/% %/9+* $# /*$**# 6+ ,%*+,&,' (&&(/%,# *(# $#'+@*#+'& (%*:*+ ,&**%'& /*$**##* 6+ ,%*+,&,' 6+ $&)# $',@'+*/% $# %''*+@& 6+,%*+,&,' (&&(/%,# *(# 6+ $&)# ,&,'/% '%' &' U+*#+** E#%/('+' * $&%,'& '*'+,*,&,' 6+/@*,' ' /%*$' &, /$#'+, '* ' ,/%*,@*' ,%*+' $&%' /:'',' %''*+@&6+ ,%*+,&,' 6+ $&)# '%*/% %'(%')'+,&+@'/% *(/&,*$' (&&(/%,# *(/&,*$ ''%:*$*# 6+ $&)# '':*/% *+ $/*' **,&%' $&%+',# ' '%:*$*# **,&%

22. ;n$


12/49


13/49

Aceei teorie este sugestiv denumita de . De!leur "teoriglonului mgic# pentru ilustr mi plstic modul n cre mes$ele"bombrdeza# indivizii, izoli, cu mes$e cre, tote, determina recii,voluntre su involuntre, nemi$locite i imedite, medi put%nd f nelese

c "ctori declntori de comportment socil progrmt#&

. 'ectulprodus este direct dependent de ctori precum doz (n czul cestexista i lte elemente interesnte, considera De !leur, cit%ndu)i pe*zrseld i +tz "mss)medi totputernice, pe de o prte, trnsmi%ndmes$ul, i msele reduse l tomi, pe de lt, tept%nd sa l recepteze- i nimic n spiul dintre ele#. /nii cercetatori i)u reprot lui De!leurcrcterul pre generl l teoriei, dei se pote observ ca evizeza dor situii prticulre le comunicarii de msa crize socile,su, n opini lui Dennis c0uil, dezordine socila i cmpniile de

in1uenre publicului.

&odelul hegeonic ',' #+&'+,&, (' ,'/%**' /$*&' &%;*,' (' *:*)*#+'&$&'/% /$*&' * (' *%'$/+$**&**,&,'& /%. T'/%*& 6* *& %'(, $&%# $/+,';, /$*&

('%*/&'' ' $& * ,&**,&,' '$/+/*$ * /$*& ,%* +'%':/#@*/+&%' &&&%. B#%7=')*& $&'' /*+&+,' 6* #/%/+'&) *,''' '*& $&%' ':*+ #+ *+,%#'+, *'//7*$&'%:*, #+/% *+,'%'' ' $&. C/+,%/# '*& '$=*:&'&) 6+ &$',' $/+*@** $# (#,'%'&&/#, $# ='7'/+*&. T/,#* /'# %9+' ,%*#,&% *'** ' *+#'+@ (#,'%+*$ 6+'*+*,*: (#,'%'& ='7'/+*$ +# ',' &,$':& '$9, %':'%# (&*:*,@** *'+@'* K #+ (#*$&$,*: * $%*,*$ +# &% &**& *'*&, :&/%*' (*$#%&,' ' (%' * +# &% ':'+* &,9, ' #/%

(%*)/+*'%# #+'* *'//7** ,%*+' ' (%/(%**' &' *+,'%'' * :&/%*2.

&odelul dependen;ei & /, &+&, ' M. D'F'#% 6+ 1"J $& #%&%' & /'%:%**/+*(%')'+@'* '*& 6+ /$*',&,'. E,' +'$'&% &* 6+,9* '*+* &$', $/+$'(,.D'('+'+@& ,%'#*' (%*:*, $& / %'&@*' #+ $/+,%&$, 6+$='*&, 6+,%' /# (%@* *'$&%' &:9++':/*' ' $'&&, 6+ :''%'& &,*&$'%* +'$'*,@*/% 6+'(*+*%** /*'$,*:'/%. A(*$9+'*+*@*& *,''/% '*& /@*+'< /'# ' '('+'+@ &*,' / *+#'+@/&%,'

(#,'%+*$ & '*& &#(%& %'$'(,/%*/% $&%' ','%*+ $=*%* ' &,*,#*+* '$/(/%,&'+, ' '+,&*,@*. C' ,%'#*' %'&%$ ',' &(,# $ &$', /' ',' #+# &#+'* '('+'+@' #+*&,'%&' +'**+ %'$#+/$#, '+/'+# +#*, &,)* ''&$H. A&&%';*,'('+'+@ &% +#&* *+ (&%,'& $/+#&,/%*/% &@ ' #%. M'&'' /&, &#+' &

',*+&,&% * (%'#$%&,' ' $,%' &$',& 6+ *%'$@*& *+#$'%** #+#* &+#*, ''$, /%*, ' '*&+# &* &%' :&&**,&,' &*$ /'+,&+ +# mi pote sueri modifcari din nici oprte. Dor urmarind eectele produse i dorind o reiterre su orevigorre mes$ului, mss)medi pot rectuliz inormi.

D'('+'+@& ' '*& ' &+*', 6+ 7%&' /&%,' *'%*,' 6+ #+$@*' ' &$##%*' /$*/-$#,#%&' * ' +':/*' ' $#+/&,'%' ' *+/%&%' * ' /%*'+,&%' (%'#$%&%' &*+/%&@*'*. C''& $' 6+'&+ $ +# ,/&,' *+/%&@**' &$''&* :&/&%' ('+,%# *+*:* $ / *+/%&@*' &%' &$''&* '+**$&@*' ('+,%# ,/@* *+*:*)**. S,#** &#(%& ,';,##* #%+&*,*$

& &ihai "oan - Inroducere 8n $i$eul a$$-edia Ia


14/49

':*'+@*&, / &+#*, $&**$&%' & ,*%*/% #( #+ $%*,'%*# +#*, ne=$ =orhine$$ (/,%*:*,$%#*& $' &* &%' *(&$, 6 *+/%&@**' '(%' $' -& 6+,9(&, *&% $' &* *$ $''%''%*,/&%' & $' -& (#. F#+$@*& &,*$ $'& %''%'+@*& * $'& '/,*: (%*'&).

N# (#,' +'7& 6+ 6+ /'# #* D'F'#% / &+#*, *+,'%'('+'+@ 6+,%' :&%*&*'' (%/$'##* ' $/#+*$&%'< *'+@& '* (&*: '*&* *,'# /$*& &*$ $/+,';,#. A&

$# +/,'&) A. B&+#%& 6+ &''+'& /'' ' $)&*,&,' #+**%'$@*/+&$/(/%,&'+,'' #+, '$%*' $& **+ /'&,' * $/+,%/&,' *' ' $/+,';, *' ' &+#*,'*(/)*@** ' /%*+ *+,'%+. T'/%*& $#+/&,'%** /$*&' ';(*$ (*=//$*&# $& #+$@*/+9+ 6+,'%'+** #+'* %'&@** ' ,%*$)&*,&,' ' %'$*(%/$*,&,'. P'+,%# /'# ','%*+*##*%'$*(%/$ $/(/%,&'+,# &$,/%** $/7+*,*:* *//7*$* ' &, +&,#% (%'$#*':'+*'+,'' *+ '*# &(%/(*&, /('%'&) $& deerinan;i *+,'%&$,*:* *'$&%' #(#+9+#-'#+/% (%/$'' ' *+#'+@&%' **%'$@*/+&'. D&% %'$*(%/$*,&,'& +# 6+'&+ +'&(%&, / '7&*&,'& (#,'%** #%'/% ' *+#'+@. U+'' (/, * &* (#,'%+*$' '$9, &,'' 6+ ' +':/*' ' ,*(

('+,%# $& #+ &$,/% 6* ';'%$*,' *+#'+@& * &$,*:')' *+#'+@' %'$*(%/$'3.

S#=ema in!len elor $rila$erale E >emi "$or? S >so#ie$a$e? R >re#ep$or?ț ț

M/'# #, &* &$,#& & #* B&+#%& $/+'% ',*+&,&%*/% '&'/% '*&,*$' (/***,&,'& #+#* /&%'$&%' $/+,%/ &#(%& ':'+*'+,'/% *+ :*&@& ('%/+& **,9+ 6+&$'&* ,*( *'+*#+*' '-$/+,%/##*. Î(*+79+ &+&*)& &* '(&%,' '(%*+'$/+$#)*& $ %'$'(,/%** #+, 6+ &$'&* ,*( (%/#' &* #+/% '** * (%/#$,/%* &* &,/%

'**.

&odelul $pirala ăcerii %'(%')*+, %')#,&,# $'%$',%*/% ''$,#&,' ' E*&',= N/''- N'#&++ &#(%& /##* 6+ $&%' /(*+*& (#*$ ',' /'&, ' &+#*@* &$,/%* /$*&*'$/+/*$* (/*,*$* $#,#%&* &% * :&%*&+,& &* (#@*+ ,#*&, %'('$,*: /# 6+ $&%'/(*+*& (#*$*+#'+@'&) '**' /$*&'. T'/%*& &%' & &) $*+$* (%'*' '+&,#% /$*/(*=//7*$ #( M. C/&+<

1 O&'+** ' ,' ' *)/&%' * /%'$ ' *+,'7%')'

2 S/$*',&,'& &%7*+&*)'&) *+*:*)** $# $/(/%,&'+,' ':*&+,' $&%' +# ' 6+$%*# &*$ 6+

/(*+*& $/#+

3 Alber Bandura - 6ocial cognii#e heor> o a$$ counicaion 8n &edia eec$ ediaă de ?. Br>an )d. L)A 1,,4 p. '1

14


15/49

3 T'&& ' *)/&%' &$' $& /&'+** ':&#')' ('%&+'+, /(*+*& $/#+

4 D' &''+'& +':/*& ' 7%#( ','%*+ / &*+*'%' & $/(/%,&'+,'/% ('+,%# & ':*,&

';$#'%'&

5 A$',' (%/$'' ' %'+#+@&%' * &&(,&%' /%'&) * '+@*+ /(*+*& $/#+.

O &, (%'* *(/%,&+, 6+ S(*%&& ,$'%** 1"84 ',' &$''& $ *+*:*)** 6*$/+,%#*'$

#'$@* $:&*-,&,*,*$' ('+,%# &(%/&(' /%*$' $/+%#+,&%' *+ '*# /$*& (' &)& $%/%&

'$* :**,/%# /% $/(/%,&'+,. C/+/% ,'/%*'* (' ,'%'+ #+7 &$'&, /%#&%' ' #'$@* *+*:*#&' $%''&) /# *,#&@** 6+ #+$@*' ' (&%,'& $&%' & $#, (%'#(#+'%*'7%'*,' &,' 6+$9, ,'&& ' & &* ';(%*& #'$@* 7'+'%'&) / (*%& & ,$'%** $##%,/&%'' '7'+,' /$*&'<

1 *+/%*,&,'& ,$#,

2 &/%*,&,'& ,$#,

4eori lui 5oelle)5eumnn pune n relie tote nivelurilecomunicarii cel individul,interpersonl, de grup, de ntreprindere i demsa. Dieritele percepii le individului supr unor reereni externitrebuie tote privite n corelie su prin rportre l nivelulcomunicarii i l prtenen su non)prtenen l un grup su un ltul. 4eori pune n discuie enomenul de uto)cenzura, c i grdul decredibilitte l sc6imbarilor de opinie determinte de opini generlvlbila.

Teoria efecteor i$itate

15


16/49

S$=*&%'& ('%('$,*:'* ,%'$'%'& &*$ & /''' *+#'+@'* **,&,' & '*& &/$&*)&, &,'+@*& 6+ *%'$@*& ';&*+%** *,#&@**/% 6+ $&%' ' %'&*)'&) ,%&+'%# ' *+/%&@*'#+$@*/+& $,%' *'+@ &* (%'$* *'+,**$&%'& ','%*&##* ,%&+'%&, 6+ ('@ '&#'+/,&,*: * &(,'' 6+ *+' &% * & $/+/,&@**/% *+*:*#&' &/$*&,' &$',/%& (%'$# * &

,*##* (%')'+,%**. N/#& &,*,#*+' & # & '$/('%*%'& &(,##* $ *'+@& +# +#&* $ & '(%'

&+#*,' &(,' ':'+*'+,' (%*+ ';(#+'%'& & '+&'' '*& &% 6+:&@ * '(%' *(/%,&+@&&+#*,/% #*'$,'. L*((&++ *,*+7'& 6+$ *+ 1"22 6+,%' %'&*,&,' '+:*%/+'+, * ('#/-%'&*,&,' ('#/-'+:*%/+'+, K ('%$'(@*& (&%,*$#&% * *+*:*#& & &$','*&. O%&$'&, '7%'7&@*' +# &$' '$9, 6(*'*$' '*$*'+@& '&'/%-@*+, $&%' +# (/, #& 6+$/+*'%&%' ,/$&* *+ /,*:' ' %&+&'+, #&*,&,'& ('%$'(@**/% %'$'(,/%*/%. P%&$,*$&%'&#+#* ## *$#% (&%' $'& &* (/,%*:*, /#@*' '$=*:/$# &*7#*,&,'& $/+,%&,9+ &,)*

(/&,' 6+,%-/ #% (%'& &%' $# &,'(,%*' (#*$##*.S' :& '%7' &$# (%' %'&,*:*)&%'& ''$,'/% &-'*& %'&,*:*,&,' &, '

#%,/&%'' '''+,'< '*& %'(%')*+, /&% #+& *+,%' #,*('' #%' * &$,/%* '*+#'+@&%' *+#'+@& ',' $/+*@*/+&, ' &,' $/(/+'+,' &' '*##* /$*& *+#'+@& ','&* $#%9+ *+*%'$, '$* '*&, ' &,' '''+,' &' '*##* /$*&4.

C/#+*$&%'& ' & +# (/&,' #%%* 6+ ,/,&*,&,' ,*(*$# $''* *+,'%('%/+&'.C'%$',%*' ''$,#&,' ' &,) * L&))&%' &#(%& *(&$,##* '*& 6+ $&(&+*&''$,/%& *+ 1"40 &%,&, $ ''$,'' $&(&+*'* ';,*+ & +*:' ' & /,+'7*&*' 6+ %&(/%, $# $'' /@*+#,' 6+ $/#+*$&%'& *+,'%*+*:*#&. M/'# ,*#-%(#+

(%'& +# &* $/%'(#+ +/*/% %'&*,@* 6+ $/+*@**' ''%7'+@'* +/*/% */&$' '$/#+*$&%' 6+ & %&*/# * ,'':*)*#+'&.

Î+ &$', $/+,';, & /, &:&+&, 6+ 1"55 odelul luxului 8n doi pa


17/49

1. C%'***,&,' &*7#%&, (%*+ (&%,*$*(&%'& $,*: &+,'%*/&% 6+ :*&@& (#*$ & 7%#(##* *%'(%')'+,&,*:*,&,' 6+ $/+$/%&+@ $# (%*+$*(**' * /*'$,*:'' &$',#*&

2. R'&@** ' *'%*,' ,*(#%* $# *+*:*)* &,' 7%#(#%* ';,'%*/&%'3. D*(/+***,&,' ' ';(#+'%' * (%'#&%' & '&'/% '*' ' *:'%' #%'.

8ee ce duce nou cest model este recunotere cpcitaii derecie udienei. 9siva, omogena, mora p%na cum, ms devine ounitte lcatuita din individulitai nimte de mentlitai similre, drcre trduc mes$ele primite de l liderii de opinie prin intermediul unorgrile bsolut personle. es$ele suporta dr o dubla interpretre, dince n ce mi puin obiectiva, prin nsai ctivitte de selecie lor odta l prelure de catre liderul de opinie direct de l sursa i poi lprelure lor de l intermedir de catre ms receptorilor.

8e rol mi u n ceste condiii medi: 'le i rezerva "rolul de ctor de ntarire predispoziiilor ; deciziilor lute#


18/49

$ #+ $/(* 6+:&@ (%*:'&$ & ,'':*)/% $# $9@*:& &+* &* 6+&*+,' ' & 6+:@& $*,'&$.I+#'+@& '*& ',' $# (%'$'%' :*)** (%*+,%' $'* $' (',%'$ &* #, ' (&,%# /%' (' )* 6+&@& ,'':*)/%##* +#*@* hea#> #ie=er$ &@ ' $'* $' (',%'$ &* (#@*+ ligh #ie=er$. U+,#*# /&%,' %'$'+, &%&, $ $'* &* &%* $/+#&,/%* ' ,'':*)*#+' #+, &'%*$&+** #%&@*' #+7#%* *,&*'+* * %/9+*. Î+,#%9+ &%*'%'' *,/%*$' &' '#$&@*'* * /**,@**

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

(#*$#%* *:'%' $&%' $# $9, (%*:'$ &* #, $# &,9, 6* (*'% *+ $&(&$*,&,'& ' ''$@*'. A% * (/&,' /'+,# (%'$*) $ G'%+'% $/+*'% +'$'&% *,*+$@*& 6+,%' ''$,' *$#,*:&%'. C#,*:&%'& +# ' /&% #+ &, $#:9+, ('+,%# ''$,'. * +*$* +# (%'#(#+' 6+ //*7&,/%*# #+ (%/$' #+**%'$@*/+& /+/*,*$J. I+,'%&$@*#+'& *+,%' '*# * (#*$ '

'/&% 6+,%-#+ $/+,';, /'&, ' &$,/%* /$*&* ('%/+&* $#,#%&* $&%' %/# /% 6+ &','%*+& /%& $/(# * 7%&# ' $/+,%*#@*' & televiziunii. ";nterciune e unproces continuu (cum e i cultivre, cre ncepe din legan i setermina n morm%nt#E.

T'':*)*#+'& &$' &* #, '$9, $%'')' %''$,' *&7*+* /(*+**&,*,#*+* $%'*+@'. E& *+,'7%'&) &('$,'' #+#* (%/$' *+&*$. N':/*' * /*'$,*:''*+,*,#@**/% *+#'+@'&) $%'&%'& * *,%*#*%'& '&'/% '*& $&%' & %9+# /% $%''&)';(/&,'&) &#,'&) * #@*+ +':/*' :&/%*' '+,&*,@*' (#*$##*.

I+*:*)** #,**)'&) &''& ,'':*)*#+'& $& (' (%*+$*(&# &$ +# #+*$# *+,%#'+, ' (&%,*$*(&%' $#,#%& &,' 6+$9, ';(#+'%'& (%'#+7*, & '&'' &' %'*,'%'&) $/+*% *=%+',' &,' (# culi#ă (%*+ *+,'%'*# +':/** ' (&%,*$*(&%' * *+,'7%&%' $#,#%& &,''('$,&,/%##* (%/(%**' :&/%* * ('%('$,*:'. A +# ' $/+#+& 6+ ''$,# ' $#,*:&%' $#*(& %'&*%&%' & #+/% &,*,#*+* :&/%* '& ';*,'+,' ' $&%' :/%'& &(('% 6+ 1"0.

C'& &* (/,%*:*, :*)#&*)&%' & $#,*:%** ',' #+& 7%&:*,&@*/+& *&% +# #+**%'$@*/+&.U+7=*# * *%'$@*& *+#'+@'* '(*+ ' *,#&%'& (&@*& * ' ,*# ' :*&@ & 7%#(#%*/% '

(%*:*,/%* &:9+ $& (#+$, ' %''%*+@ $/+**'%'& (' $&%' / /'% ,'':*)*#+'&. P/&,'$ *'$&%' 7%#( &%' (%/(%*& *%'$@*' &% ,/&,' 7%#(#%*' #+, &'$,&,' ' &$'&* $#%'+, $'+,%&.C#,*:&%'& 6+ &$',' $/+*@** ',' #+ (%/$' $/+,*+## *+&*$ ' *+,'%&$@*#+' 6+,%' '&' *$/+,';,'. D&% &$'&,& +# 6+'&+ $ / $=*&%' & %'&@**/% /$*&' +# ','$&(&* 7'+'%')' /**$%* & +*:'# *,'##* ' '&' * *(*$*, 6+ $#,*:&%'& '+/* * *'%*,' ('%('$,*:' $$* && $# (#+'& ';*, ''&$H 6+ /'# $#,*:%**.

D'):/,%*' ,'=+//7*$' ' ';'(# %**$&, & 6+$'(#, (%/'' %''%*,/&%' &7%&# ' *:'%*,&,' & $/+@*+#,##* (%/7%&'/% '*&. N# ';*, 6+ /:')* $&%' $&%' $/+*%' ';*,'+@& #+'* &''+& *:'%*,@* & *(/,%*: $/+$'+,%&%'& %&(* **+,'7%&%'& :'%,*$& 6+ *+#,%**' '*& & +/*/% ,'=+//7** $&# VCR &/%@*& '*,#%*/% ' $,%' $/+7/'%&,' ''$,%/+*$' ';,*+'%'& (%&$,*$*/% ' (%/#$'%' & &$'#*&* &,'%*&

('+,%# &* #,' (*'@' '*& (%'$# * (/***,&,'& ' (%/7%&&%' /'%*, ' VCR $/+#$ &$/+$#)*& $ *:'%*,&,'& (%/7%&'/% & &:#, ' #'%*,. E &':%&, $ ,/&,' &$',' +/*

(/***,@* ' & %':''& / $'+ ' & 6+7='@& #+ $&%# ' & &$' )&((*+7 ('+,%# & ':*,&

F %eorge %erbner %ro=ing Cp =ih ele#i$ion: he "uli#aion er$peci#e 8n &edia )ec$ ediaă de ?. Br>an )d. L)A 1,,4 p. 23

E Ide

18


19/49

%'$&'' (%*:*,/%##* / '+)&@*' '/$ +'($#, ' $/+,%/ * (#,'%'. D&% *+ +/#&$'&,& +# (/&,' $/+,*,#* / /:& $/*$'*#%*' ,''('$,&,/%*/% - $=*&, $ +/*'/'%,' '*& #+, #+&'+,& *'%*,' ' $'' *#)&,' * $#,*:&,' &+,'%*/%. C/+$#)*&< $# $9,#+ (%/7%& ',' &* (/(#&% $# &,9, ,'+*+@& 7'+'%& ',' ' & %''$,& * ' & $#,*:&*'//7**' $#,#%&' /*+&+,' (' ,'%'+ #+7. T''('$,&,/%** - +$#, 6+,%-/ #'

*/*$ * +# (/, ':*,& ';(#+'%'& & /''' '* %'$#%'+,' ' &* #,' /%* (' )* *+*'%'+,' $&+&# (' $&%' :*+ &$','&.

&odelul u$e$ and graiicaion$E &$' /&%'$# +/, *$/%&+, $# $'' '+@*/+&,' (9+ &$#. E %'&*)'&) ,%&+&@*& ' & C' &$ '*& $# *+ /&'+* & C' &$/&'+** $# '*&. S,#*&, ,/, ' L&)&%' * '$=*(& & /'# &%' & &) *''& (/,%*:*,$%'*& (%/#'' '*& #+, ''$,&,' * #,**)&,' $/+/% +':/*/% * /%*+@'/% $/+#&,/%*/% $&%' (/, * ' /%*+ &'$,*: $/7+*,*: ('%/+&-*+,'7%&,*:' M.C/&+#$%&,*:' ',$. Î+ 1"J" B#'% $/+*'%& $ '*& (/, * #,**)&,' 6+ ,%'* *%'$@**< ('+,%#$#+/&,'%' ('+,%# *:'%*#+' * ('+,%# *'+,*,&,' ('%/+&. P' &)& &$',/% %'$/('+'#%%*,' ' *'+@ 6+ /%*$' (%/# '*&,*$ ' & (%/(# ,%'* *(/,')'. P%*& &:&+'&) *''&

$ /,*:&@**' $/7+*,*:' $& %')#,&, &$##&%'& ' *+/%&@**. A /#& (%'#(#+'$ /,*:&@**' ' ':&)*#+' ' *:'%*#+' ##%'&)('%$'('%'& %'&*,@** '*&,*$' ' $,%'*'+@. C'& *+ #% (%/(#+' $& %')#,&+, ('+,%# /,*:&@**' ' *'+,*,&,' ('%/+& / '%*'' ''$,' $# / (#,'%' #, &* &%'.

A''+'& *(/,')' $/+# & &,'' $&%' :/%'$ '(%' $#,&%'& $/+@*+#,##**+/%&@*/+& * *(*$&%'& $/7+*,*: & *+*:*)*/% &' $%/% /,*:&@** #+, '+&,#% $/7+*,*: *+,%#'+,&.

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

De pt, (rectivitte consumtorilor reprezinta conceptul)c6eie lmodelului "uses nd grtifctions#, prin ctivitte neleg%nd utilitte,intenionlitte, selectivitte i implicre cestor n procesul de

consum meditic. Gn ultimii ni, nsa, s) opert o nunre cercetatorii numi percep udien c find universl ctiva, ci dor vribil ctivaH ltelspus, nu toi indivizii sunt l el de ctivi tot timpul. Activitte depinde, nsens lrg, de contextul socil i de potenilul pentru interciune.'lemente precum mobilitte su singuratte sunt orte importnte. /ngrd scazut de mobilitte dublt de o mre singuratte u c eecte oritulizre medi i o mi desa cautre de spri$in din prte cestor.* el de importnte sunt i dispoziiile titudinle, cre uncioneza c unfltru pentru medi, dr i mes$ele i utilizarile. i mult, ceste titudini,

Aln Rubin -- Media uses and eects ! uses and "rati#cations perspecti$e, n Media

eects, editta de ?. @rnt i D. Billmnn, 5e> ?erse, 'd. *'A, &7, p.7&

19


20/49

rezult%nd din experiene trecute cu un numit mediu i produc%ndteptari pentru noi grtifcii, ectezanelegere medi.+lpper, n studiile sle din nii I=J, suger ca ntre mes$ i raspuns, norice proces comunicionl, intervin i li ctori, stel nc%t, de cele mimulte ori, mes$ele medi, cre i propun sa in1ueneze, sa persudeze

nu c dec%t sa re)frme titudini existente de$. Aceste elemente demediere sunt dispozii individului spre procese de selecie, normele degrup, diseminre mes$ului prin cnle interpersonle, liderii de opinie,sttutul de industrie libera medi n numite societai.

Kreenberg observt, pe bz unor nlize sistemtice, ca v%rstreprezinta cel mi semnifctiv coreltiv l motiviilor de vizionre nvare, obinuina, compnie, relxre, evziune, petrecere timpuluiliber etc.A.. Rubin desprinde urmatorele concluzii mss)medi, singure, nu usufcienta putere pentru cuz eecte l nivelul udieneiH un mediu, unmes$ nu reprezinta dec%t o sursa de in1uena n context socil ipsi6ologic.

9entru +tz, @lumer i Kurevitc6 (&7F, obiectivele utilizarilor igrtifciilor eru stel conturte& La explice cum utilizeza omenii medi pentru )i stisce nevoile.2 La explice comportmentele medi.3 La identifce uncii su consecine ce decurg din nevoi, motive icomportmente.

Aceei ec6ipa emite i urmatorul rionment"Mriginile socile i psi6ologice le nevoilor cre genereza teptari dinprte mss)medi su ltor surse, conduc l dierite blone le

expunerii medi i u c rezultt stiscere nevoilor i lte consecine,unele pote neintenionte#.Gn studiul sau, A. Rubin structureza cercetarile moderne supr

utilizarilor i grtifciilor n $urul cinci presupuneri

& 8omportmentul comunicionl, incluz%nd ici seleci i utilizremedi, este direciont n mod inteniont i motivt. ;ndivizii sunt ngenerl prticipni ctivi n comunicre, leg%nd mediul su coninutul.8omportmentul este uncionl i re consecine pentru indivizi isociette n nsmblu.2 ;ndivizii preiu iniitiv n selectre i utilizre ve6iculelor

comunicionle pentru )i stisce nevoi su dorine. Gn loc sa fe olosiide medi, omenii utilizeza i selecteza mediul pentru )i copericeste nevoi. /tilizre medi pote f un raspuns l nevoi vitle, drstisce, totodta, i lt gen de interese, cum r f urnizre de soluiipentru rezolvre unor probleme de ordin personl.3 !ctorii socili i psi6ologici mediza comportmentelecomunicionle. 9redispoziiile, interciune i cdrul creeza teptarile indivizilor din prte medi. 8omportmentul raspunde l mes$elemedi prin fltrre circumstnelor socile i psi6ologice.7 9res concureza cu lte orme de comunicre pentru selectre,tenionre i stiscere nevoilor consumtorilor. 'xista relii binedefnite ntre comunicre de msa i ce interpersonla n cdrul cestui

20


21/49


22/49


23/49

P%*+,%' ,'':*)*#+*' $&%' *#)&, '**#+* ''$,/%&' ' +#%< Antena & ,&@**'/$&' &' Anena 1 B1 / Fanal D ria / ,&@*& $'+,%& ' & B#$#%',* * ,&@**'/$&' Digi 24 ,&@*& $'+,%& * $'' /$&' ealiaea / ,&@*& $'+,%& * ,&@**' /$&'he &one> "hannel oGnia / Na


24/49

G#:'%+# P/+,& & /**$&, (%*+ OUG 45!2014 /&*,&,'& ' &'7'%' & (%' '*+,'#*șR/9+*'* ('+,%# $& :/,# (/&, * ';(%*&, ' &'7,/%* 6+ /%*$' '$ *' ' :/,&%'.ț

OUG 45!2014 & /, $%*,*$&, ' P&%,*# N& */+& L*'%&ț # &('$,# &:/%*)%**:/,##* #,*(# & &* #,' '$ ** ' :/,&%'.Î+ &,& ' 5 #, 2014 PNL & '*)&, C#%,'&ț

' A(' B#$#%' ,* $# / $'%'%' ' &+#&%' & OUG 45!2014. L&ș 20 #, 2014 *+,&+ & & '$*ț'*)&%'& C#% ** C/+,*,# */+&'ț ț 6+ &$'&, $).A$'&, *+,&+ & %'(*+ 6+ &,& ' 1ț'(,'%*' 2014 ';$'(ț*& ' +'$/+,*,# */+&*,&,' $& *+&*** % / #'$' (' /+.ț

Î+ &,& ' 1" '(,'%*' $/+7%'&+# &'%*$&+ C=%*,/(='% S*,= '%# &C/**'* ('+,%# A&$'%* E;,'%+' *+ C&'%& R'(%')'+,&+ */% ț & &%'&, / $%*/&%'

(%'*'%##* P/+,& 6+ $&%' *-& ';(%*&, 6+7%*/%&%'& & ' /**$&%'& '7** ''$,/%&' 6+ș ț ('%*/&& $&(&+*'* ''$,/%&'. C/+7%'&+# S*,= & &%,&, $ '7*&ț*& ''$,/%& ,%'#*'&/(,&, 6+ #%& ')&,'%** 6+ P&%&'+, +# (%*+ /&*,&,'& #+'* /%/+&+ț' ' #%7'+ .ț

Priml $r de s#r$in

Î+ (%*# ,#% & &'7'%*/% (%')*'+@*&' *+ 2 +/*'%*' :/,&, "4 **/&+' '

%/9+* %'(%')'+,9+ (#@*+ (',' 53 *+ ,/,&.P%*# $&+*&, $&%' *-& 6+$%* $&+*&,#%& & /, V*$,/% P/+,& $&%' & '(# (' 1Jș

'(,'%*' *,'' $# '+,#%*. I/=&++* *-& '(# $&+*&,#%& (' 20 '(,'%*'.șM/+*$& M&$/:'* *-& '(# $&+*&,#%& (' 21 '(,'%*' &+#+ 9+ $ & ,%9+ (','ș ț

300.000 ' '+,#%*.Î+ &,& ' 22 '(,'%*' *- '(# *,'' &* #ș ț* $&+*& *. ț C*+ P/('$#-

T%*$'&+# & &#+ & /%& 10


25/49

De*+aterile electorale

D&$ 6+ ,#%# 6+,9* +# & ';*,&, +*$* / ')&,'%' 6+,%' +*$*#+# *+,%' $'* 14 $&+*& * &ț (%')*'+ *&' (%/'&,*$& ')&,'%*/% (%')*'+ *&' & /, (# 6+ (%* (&+ #( ,#%# 6+,9*ț țș* ,%&+/%&, 6+ /,*: ' &,&$#%* ' $&(&+*'.

E$=*(& (%'*'%##* V*$,/% P/+,& & /, $'& $&%' & (/%+*, +'7/$*'%*' ('+,%# $&(&+*' (' 2 +/*'%*'< -& *+:*,&, (' I/=&++* & :*+ (' )*'' ' 10 11 12 %'('$,*: 13+/*'%*' & (/,#%*' R/9+*& TV R'&*,&,'& TV B1 TV %'('$,*: A+,'+& 3 ('+,%# &')&,' (' +* ,' ,'' '$*' 'ș PSD. I/=&++* & %'#)&, '+ */+9+ $ ')&,'%*' &% ț

,%'#* &* /$ (' Q/ (&,/% (#*$ *+'('+'+, &$$'** $'/% /* $&+*& * *ț ș6+,%'7** '*&Q &,' 6+$9, +*$* #+ $&+*&, +# *' &:&+,&&, *&% ,''' ('+,%# $&(&+*' &% ,%'#* +'7/$*&,'.

I/=&++* *-& %'$/&+&, (%'*'%##* / ')&,'%' & P&&,# P&%&'+,##* & '$& & &'7'%*' (%')*'+ *&' *+ 200" &% V*$,/% P/+,& & %'#)&,.ț

P' 4 +/*'%*' U+*:'%*,&,'& ' V', *+ T** /&%& *-& *+:*,&, (' $'* /* $&+*& * & /ș ț')&,'%' 6+ A#& M&7+& & U+*:'%*, **. I/=&++* & &$$'(,&, & /#& )* *+:*,& *& UVT.ț țR(#+# (%'*'%##* & /, #+# +'7&,*:. P%'*'%# & *+*,&, $ ')&,'%*' &% ,%'#* &*/$ & ,'':*)*#+* *' /'%&,' ' #%+&* ,*.ș ș I/=&++* -& &%,&, +'# #*, 'ț&(,# $ (%'*'%# & %'#)&, *+:*,& *& U+*:'%*, ** ' V', *+ T** /&%&.ț ț ș

P' 8 +/*'%*' (%' '*+,'' B'$# *-& *+:*,&, (' $'* /* $&+*&ș ț* & P&&,#C/,%/$'+* ('+,%# ')&,'%'. D' * I/=&++* & %'#)&, '& #+ %ș (#+ $/+$%', *+:*,& *'*ț

(%' '*+,'#* '$=*(& (%'*'%##* -& //*, ' *+:*,& *& '##* ,&,##* ('+,%# &- * &,&$&ș ț ș ș$/+,%&$&+*&,# &/$*9+#- *+ +/# $# &$',&.

P' " +/*'%*' ACL & $'%#, $/+:/$&%'& $/+#$'%** P&%&'+,##* ('+,%# & ' *$#,&%'(&%,*)&%'& ,*(*/% ' &+,'+ ('+,%# ')&,'%'& $'/% /* *+&* ,* &* $#%'* (%')*'+ș ț*&'.48

P' 10 +/*'%*' *%/#%*/% ('%&+'+,' &' C&'%'* D'(#,& */% ț *ș S'+&,##* - %'#+*, 6+$'' /# (% * +# &#+ & / 6+ ''7'%' +*$* ' &$'&, &,.ț ț

P' 11 +/*'%*' I/=&++* & &+#+ &, $# (# *+ ,*( 6+&*+,' ' 6+$'('%'& '**#+**ț ț$ * ' :& &,#%& (%*-*+*,%##* V*$,/% P/+,& & R'&*,&,'& TV ('+,%# / (%* $/+%#+,&%' &$&+*& */% *+ $&%' ,''' &/%' &/%&,' /,< (%/'& :/,#%*/% *+ ,%&*+&,&,'ț

&/%&%'& ('+**/% & ,&;'/% * & *(/)*,'/% ' $&,%' I/=&++*. A /#& $/+%#+,&%' &$&+*& */% & &:#, /$ ('ț 12 +/*'%*' & B1 TV.

Vai&area aeerior

25

https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/2_noiembriehttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom%C3%A2nia_TVhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Realitatea_TVhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/B1_TVhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antena_3https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSDhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/4_noiembriehttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitatea_de_Vesthttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/8_noiembriehttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatul_Cotrocenihttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatul_Cotrocenihttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_noiembriehttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACLhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlamenthttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/10_noiembriehttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camera_Deputa%C8%9Bilorhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camera_Deputa%C8%9Bilorhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senathttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_noiembriehttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Realitatea_TVhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/12_noiembriehttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/B1_TVhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/2_noiembriehttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom%C3%A2nia_TVhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Realitatea_TVhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/B1_TVhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antena_3https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSDhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/4_noiembriehttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitatea_de_Vesthttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/8_noiembriehttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatul_Cotrocenihttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatul_Cotrocenihttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_noiembriehttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACLhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlamenthttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/10_noiembriehttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camera_Deputa%C8%9Bilorhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senathttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_noiembriehttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Realitatea_TVhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/12_noiembriehttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/B1_TV


26/49

P' 21 +/*'%*' 2014 C#%,'& C/+,*,# */+&ț & :&*&, %')#,&,# &'7'%*/% (%')*'+ *&' $'%'/+*' & $&%' & (&%,*$*(&, * T%&*&+ B&'$# (%''*+,'' *+ #+$,*' &țR/&+*'* & $&%#* &+&, -& *+$='*&, (' 21 '$'%*' 2014.

Deficien eț

Lipsa formularelor tipi*ate:

Î+ &* #,' '$ ** ' :/,&%' *+ S'$,/%# 2 *+ B#$#%' ,* 6+ T** /&%& * 6+ #' #ț ș ș ș țC# &(%#, $&)#%* 6+ $&%' +# &* ';*, /%#&%' ,*(*)&,' ('+,%# '$&%& **' (' (%/(%*'ț%(#+'%'. A'7,/%** $&%' :/, 6+ &&%& /$&*, ** ' /*$**# +# (#,#, :/,& * /,ț ș+':/* * $,' &,' '$ ** $&%' &* &:' &$',' /%#&%'. P#%,,/%# ' $#:9+, &ț ț PNLA*+& G/%7=*# & '$&%&, 6+,%-/ $/+'%*+ ' (%' $ /*$*, '**& ' #%7'+ &ț ț

(%''$,##* ' B#$#%' ,* **+$ &$',& & %'#)&, (#+ș & *(/)* *& '$ **/% ' :/,&%'ț ț'$&%& ** #*$*'+,' (' $&%' $', '+** ' $/(',')' ('+,%# & (#,'& :/,& (' *,''ț ț#(*'+,&%'.

,otul în diaspora:

D*+ $)& +#%##* *$ ' '$ ** ' :/,&%' *+ ,%*+,&,' 2"4 ' '$ ** * &ț ț ș (%/$''##* '*$*,&% ' :/,&%' 6+ &&%& %** /&%,' # * %/9+* +# %'# *, :/,')' (9+ &ț ț ș6+$=*'%'& #%+'/% ' * &$' ,*& ,&, &* #,' /%' * /%&, $/)* ' ** ' ('%/&+' 6+ș ș ș&* #,' $&(*,&' '#%/('+' &% * 6+ &,' /%& '.ș ș

F''%& *& &/$*& **/% ' %/9+* *+ E#%/(& /*$*,&, B*%/##* E'$,/%& C'+,%& ț ț (%'#+7'&$ (%/7%&# & '$ **' ' :/,&%' *+ ,%*+,&,' #+' )'$* ' ** ' ('%/&+' +# ț

%'# *, :/,')' (9+ & 6+$=*'%'& #%+'/%.ș

A#ai%- Me&iafa/ Re+earc01Mo#itori#

P',' 15 **/&+' ('%/&+' &+7%'+&,' 6+ $&(&+*& ''$,/%& (' F&$'//H -INFOGRAFIC V*$,/% P/+,& & &:#, $'* &* #@* &+* I/=&++* & &:#, $'& &* %&(*$%','%' *&% M/+*$& M&$/:'* & &:#, $'& &* *+&*$ $&(&+*' #+, $/+$#)**' &+&*)'*

M'*&&; R''&%$=WM/+*,/%*+7 &#(%& $&(&+*'* ''$,/%&' (' F&$'//H 6+ $&%' $&+*&@** &+7%'+&, (',' 15 **/&+' ' ('%/&+'. U+ +#% ' 1.520.J43 ' ('%/&+' /,

26

https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCRhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCRhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/PNLhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alina_Gorghiuhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCRhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/PNLhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alina_Gorghiu


27/49

&+7%'+&,' ' $,%' $'* &' (%')*'+@*&** 6+ $&(&+*& ''$,/%& ('+,%# (%*# ,#% &&'7'%*/% (%')*'+@*&'. D*+,%' ('%/&+'' /**)&,' 414.305 /, &,%&' +#&* (%*+'/%,# *+ #,*& #+.

Î+ #+& /$,/%*' $'* &' $&+*&@* /+*,/%*)&@* (/,&, (',' 1.313 ' '&' $&%' 7'+'%&, (',' 4.40".0"3 %'&$@**. Î+ '*' 6+ #+& /$,/%*' M/+*$& M&$/:'* & &:#, 12

(/,%* )*+*$' V*$,/% P/+,& 8 I/=&++* J C*+ P/('$# T%*$'&+# J E'+& U%'& 5C/%+'*# V&* T#/% 3.

D*+ (#+$,# ' :''%' & $/+@*+#,##* 3401 *+,%' '&'' $'/% &' (%')*'+@*&** /, ' /**)&%' & ''$,/%&,##* 21JJ %''$,&, (&%,*$*(&%'&$&+*&@*/% & *:'%' ':'+*'+,' ''$,/%&' 1114 /, &,&$#%* & &%'& &:'%&%*/%

(/*,*$* 81 & %'(%')'+,&, (%')'+,&%'& /'%,'* (/*,*$' *&% 451 &# *+ :''%'& (#*$##* %'&*)%* ('%/+&' ',$.

C/(&%9+ ('%/%&+@& (' F&$'//H $# ('%/%&+@& & #%+' (#,' /'%:& $ +#&*6+ /# $&)#%* *+ &' I/=&++* * C*+ P/('$# T%*$'&+# (%/$'+,# /@*+#, & :/, &

/, #('%*/% $'#* *+ %'@'& ' /$*&*)&%'. Î+ %',# $&)#%*/% (%/$'+,# ' & #%+' & /, $#2-3 (%/$'+,' &* *$ '$9, (' F&$'//H. U+ $&) &(&%,' ',' $' & E'+'* U%'& $&%' '* ('F&$'//H &%' / $/, ' 14 %')#,&,'' ' & #%+' 6* $/+'% +#&* 518 *+ /(@*#+*'&'7,/%*/% '$* / *'%'+@& +'7&,*: ' 114.

Î+ ('%*/&& $&(&+*'* ''$,/%&' V*$,/% P/+,& & *,%*#*, 22 '&' &(%/;*&,*: 8'&' (' )*. A# /, (/,&,' 210 /,/7%&* 45 *+H-#%* $,%' &,' #%' 4 **'%' :*'/ * 3/**$%* ' ,&,#. R'&$@*& (#*$##* ' (' F&$'//H -& $/+$%',*)&, (%*+ 1.342.55&(%'$*'%* 84.5" *,%*#*%* * 8J."4 $/'+,&%**.

P%*+$*(&'' ,'' &/%&,' ' '$=*(& #* V*$,/% P/+,& /,<

- (&%,*$*(&%'& & ':'+*'+,' ''$,/%&' - 3J- /**)&%'& ''$,/%&,##* - 3J- #*'$,' '$/+/*$' - 2".

C'& &* &(%'$*&, (/,&%' ' $,%' &+** #* V*$,/% P/+,& & /, #+ '& *+ 1/$,/%*' (%*+ $&%' 6* #%'&) QL& #@* &+*Q I++'* $# /$&)*& )*'* ' +&,'%' $&%' & (%**,

(',' 3".000 *H'-#%*.

I/=&++* & &, 221 '&' &(%/;*&,*: J '&' (' )*. A# /, (/,&,' 138/,/7%&* 45 *+H-#%* $,%' &,' #%' 22 **'%' :*'/ * 1 /**$%* ' ,&,#. P/,%*' &:#, 1.401.J3" &(%'$*'%* 100.J3" *,%*#*%* * 4".14 $/'+,&%**.

P%*+$*(&'' ,'' &/%&,' ' '$=*(& #* I/=&++* /,<

- /**)&%'& ''$,/%&,##* - 52- (&%,*$*(&%'& & ':'+*'+,' ''$,/%&' - 1J- (%')'+,&%'& /'%,'* (/*,*$' - 12.

C'& &* &(%'$*&, (/,&%' ' $,%' &+** #* I/=&++* & /, #+ '& *+ 21/$,/%*' (%*+ $&%' 6* 6+'+& #@*+,/%** * ' &,#%' * $&%' & (%**, (',' 25."1" *H'-#%*.

E'+& U%'& & *,%*#*, 1J '&' &(%/;*&,*: 5 '&' (' )*. A# /, (/,&,' 118/,/7%&* 13 *+H-#%* $,%' &,' #%' 33 **'%' :*'/ * 3 /**$%* ' ,&,#. L& &$',''&' - ,%9+ 440.121 &(%'$*'%* 30.300 *,%*#*%* * 21.132 $/'+,&%**.

P%*+$*(&'' ,'' &/%&,' ' '$=*(& E'+'* U%'& /,<

27


28/49

- /**)&%'& ''$,/%&,##* - 28- (&%,*$*(&%'& & ':'+*'+,' ''$,/%&' - 21- &,&$#%* & &%'& &:'%&%*/% - 1J.

C'& &* &(%'$*&, (/,&%' ' $,%' &+** E'+'* U%'& & /, / /,/7%&*' ' &&+*:'%&%'& R#;&+%'* D%&7/*% (/,&, (' 25 /$,/%*'. A$', '& & (%**, *+ (&%,'&

(#*$##* (',' J.0"" *H'-#%*.

C*+ P/('$# T%*$'&+# & &:#, 215 '&' &(%/;*&,*: J '&' (' )*. A# /, (/,&,' 183/,/7%&* 5 *+H-#%* $,%' &,' #%' 23 **'%' :*'/ * 4 /**$%* ' ,&,#. C& ('%/%&+@'T%*$'&+# & 6+,%#+*, 30.51" &(%'$*'%* 5.305 *,%*#*%* * "12 $/'+,&%**.

P%*+$*(&'' ,'' &' #* C*+ P/('$# T%*$'&+# /,<

- (&%,*$*(&%'& & ':'+*'+,' ''$,/%&' - 0- /**)&%'& ''$,/%&,##* - 23- (%')'+,&%'& /'%,'* (/*,*$' - 5.

C'& &* &(%'$*&, (/,&%' ' $,%' &+** #* C*+ P/('$# T%*$'&+# & /, / /,/7%&*'' & 6+,9+*%'& $# /,/$*$*,** *+ 25 /$,/%*' $&%' & (%**, (',' 40" *H'-#%*.

M/+*$& M&$/:'* & *,%*#*, 33 '&' &(%/;*&,*: 12 '&' (' )*. A# /, (/,&,'211 /,/7%&* 50 *+H-#%* $,%' &,' #%' 8 **'%' :*'/ * 15 /**$%* ' ,&,#. R'&$@*& -& $/+$%',*)&, (%*+ 581.34 &(%'$*'%* 12J.223 *,%*#*%* * 2".424 $/'+,&%**.

P%*+$*(&'' ,'' &/%&,' ' '$=*(& M/+*$* M&$/:'* /,<

- /**)&%'& ''$,/%&,##* K 4"- &,&$#%* & &%'& &:'%&%*/% - 14- (&%,*$*(&%'& & ':'+*'+,' ''$,/%&' - 10.

C'& &* &(%'$*&, (/,&%' ' $,%' &+** M/+*$* M&$/:'* & /, #+ #+ &,&$ & &%'&#* V*$,/% P/+,& 6+ 11 /$,/%*'. A$', '& & (%**, *+ (&%,'& (#*$##* (',' J.223 *H'-#%*.

C/%+'*# V&* T#/% & &:#, 85 '&' &(%/;*&,*: 3 '&' (' )*. A# /, (/,&,'12 /,/7%&* 4 *+H-#%* $,%' &,' #%' 12 **'%' :*'/ * 5J /**$%* ' ,&,#. A$','& 6+,%#+*, 51.8J5 &(%'$*'%* 1".1"" *,%*#*%* * 4."88 $/'+,&%**.

P%*+$*(&'' ,'' &/%&,' ' C/%+'*# V&* T#/% /,<

- &,&$#%* & &%'& &:'%&%*/% - 48- /**)&%'& ''$,/%&,##* - 1

- (%/#$@** *,'%&%' -14 (&7*+& #* C.V. T#/% ',' #+& ' $%**,/%.C'& &* &(%'$*&, (/,&%' ' $,%' &+** #* C/%+'*# V&* T#/% & /, (%/7%&#

(/*,*$ & &$',#*& *,%*#*, (' 15 /$,/%*'. A$', '& & (%**, *+ (&%,'& (#*$##* (','2.J13 *H'-#%*.

Î+ $''& $' (%*:',' ':/#@*& +#%##* ' &+* 6+ :&/%* &/#,' 6+ #+& /$,/%*' I/=&++* & %'#*, &#+' $' &* &* +#% ' *(&,*)&+@* - 204.35J ' **+ #%&,' V*$,/% P/+,& - 113."1 M/+*$& M&$/:'* - 4.25 E'+& U%'& - 3J.J18 C*+ P/('$#T%*$'&+# - J.0"0 * C/%+'*# V&* T#/% - 5.1"3.

A,' 6+ ,*(# $&(&+*'* ''$,/%&' $%','%'& $'& &* &%' & +#%##* &+*/% &

6+%'7*,%&,-/ I/=&++* $# "51 #%&, ' M/+*$& M&$/:'* - J88 C*+ P/('$#

28


29/49

T%*$'&+# - 481 V*$,/% P/+,& - 21 E'+& U%'& - 1J5 C/%+'*# V&* T#/% -J.

Î+ $''& $' (%*:',' '+7&7''+,-# &+*/% (' (%*# /$ ',' M/+*$& M&$/:'* $#2"J4 #%&, ' I/=&++* - 122 V*$,/% P/+,& - 84" E'+& U%'& - J C*+P/('$# T%*$'&+# - 52 C/%+'*# V&* T#/% - 30J.

T/,&# *H'-#%*/% $/'+,&%**/% * *,%*#*%*/% *+ ,*(# $&(&+*'* 6 (&'&) (' I/=&++* (' (%*# /$ - 1.551.24 #%&, ' V*$,/% P/+,& - 1.515.125 M/+*$&M&$/:'* - J3J.""3 E'+& U%'& - 4"1.553 C/%+'*# V&* T#/% - J.02 * C*+ P/('$#T%*$'&+# - 3.J3 &$', *+*$&,/% &%,9+ *+,'%&$@*#+'& $# $&+*&@**.

R&(/%,&, & +#%# &+*/% *+,'%&$@*#+'& $# '&# / (&'&) (' M/+*$& M&$/:'* (' (%*# /$ $# 254 #%&, ' I/=&++* - 228 E'+& U%'& - 124 C/%+'*#V&* T#/% - 112 V*$,/% P/+,& - 1 C*+ P/('$# T%*$'&+# - 0"4.

CAPITOLUL IV. INFLUENȚA PRESEIASUPRA CANDIDATULUI

P' (&%$#%# $&(&+*'* (%')*'+ *&' *+ 2014 - /'%:&, +#'%/&' /'+,' 6+ț

$&%' &-'*& & #$&, 6+ %/ '$**: 6+ *+#'+ &%'& :/,##* (/(#& *'* *' (%*+ &(&%* **ț ț ț,'':*)&,' &' (&%,*$*(&+ */% &' # *+,/%*/% &$',/%& *' (%*+ (%')'+,&%'& *+ (%*'ț ț*'%*,' & ':'+*'+,'/% (/*,*$' *+ ('%*/&& %'('$,*: $# $/(# ':*'+, ' (%//:&%' ' '+*7%&%' & #+#* ('%/+& (/*,*$. A,' $& 6+ /%*$' $&(&+*' (/,-'$'%*, $' & &:#,/$ & +/* 6+ &%& :/,# $', '+*/% & (#,#, * *+#'+ &, *%'$, *' (%*+ (%')'+,&%'& $/+$%',ț ț ț/*'$,*: (%,*+*,/&%' & #+/% *,#& ** *' (%*+ /(*+** &' #+/% ('%/&+' $# &*+*, * (/*,*$'ț ț

(%//:&,' ' (9%7=**' ' *+/%&%' & (/(#& *'*. A,' ';'(' %'':&+,' #+, %'(%')'+,&,'ț' /'+,# 6+ $&%' &-'*& (%')*+, $# G#:'%+# P/+,& & //*, (9%7=**'7#:'%+&'+,&' ('+,%# & 6+$'%$& /,*+ #+ &:&+,& +', 6+ $#%& ''$,/%& $# & /,O%/+&+ & ' U%7'+, 55 $&%' & ('%* ,%&'*# (/*,*$ & &' */% /$&* /%/+&+ $&%' 6+ț ș ț$*#& (%/,','/% /(/)* *'* (/*,*$' & %& :&* &,' $ ACL & (*'%#, #+ +#% &%' 'ț

('%/&+' $# *+#'+ &#(%& (%''%*+ '/% (/(#& *'* (%'$# (%*&%* $/+**'%* /$&*. U+ț ț ț&, /'+, 6 $/+,*,#*' '%*& ' (%/'' & '$ **' ' :/,&%' *+ *&(/%& $&%' /,ț*+#*$*'+,' * $&%' *- (# (' # * %/9+* 6+ *(/***,&,'& ' &- * ';(%*& :/,#. 6+ #%&ș ț ș&$','* *,#& ** ACL * %'(%')'+,&+ * &* %/9+*/% *+ ,%*+,&,' /*$*,&, #(*'+,&%'&ț ș ț'$ **/% ' :/,&%' ('+,%# ,#%# /* ' $%#,*+ &% - $/+%#+,&, $# %'#)# G#:'%+##* P/+,&ț* & *+* ,%*/% ' E;,'%+' ' & #(*'+,& +#%# '$ **/% ' :/,&%' *+ ,%*+,&,' 6+ș ș ț

(/*& '$*)*'* &:/%&*' & B*%/##* E'$,/%& C'+,%&. A$',' /# /'+,'-$='*' /, '+&,#% ,&%+'&$ %':/,& $', '+*/% &(, $&%' & (%/:/$&, 6+ &% *,*+7#%* ' (%/,',.ț țP'+,%# & ':*'+ *& /# $/+$%', 6+ $&%' #+# *+ &$',' /'+,' & *+#'+ &, :/,#ț ț/&'+*/% (%')'+, %')#,&,'' #+#* /+& %'&*)&, ' INSCOP 6+ *+,'%:&# *+,%' $''/# ,#%#%*< Î+ $''& $' (%*:' ,' /( *#+'& ' :/, *+ ,/,&# (/(#& *'* $&%' '$&% $ -&ș ț ț

(%')'+,&, & :/, 225 (#+ $ /( *#+'& /% (/*,*$ & /, ','%*+&, 6+ &%' #% 'ț (%/''' &(%#,' & :/,# *+ ,%*+,&,' 201 &%&, $ /( *#+'& /% & /, ','%*+&, 6+ț

29


30/49

*$ #% ' &$',' (%/'' 6+ ,*( $' 55" (#+ $ &$',' *,#& ** +# $/+,%*#*,ț'/$ & /( *#+'& /% ' :/, *&% 15 +# /%*, %(#+ *+,%'&%**. A,' ' /'%:ț&(,# $ (%''%*+ & (/*,*$ & &(%/&(' 43 *+ (/(#& *& $# %'(, ' :/, $&%' -& (%')'+,&, &ț ț#%+' 6+ )*#& ' 1 +/*'%*' & /, *+#'+ &, ' &$', ':'+*'+, (%')'+,&, (& *# (#*$. U+ț ț&, '(*/ *(/%,&+, ' '+ */+&, *+ $&,'7/%*& $'/% #*'$,*: %'&,&,' &% * '+*7%&%'&ț

$&+*&,##* E'+& U%'& (%*+ (%')'+,&%'& #+/% /,/7%&** &,#%* ' A*+& B*$& (%/$#%/% ' șDIICOT 6+,%-/ ';$#%*' (%*:&, & P&%* (%')'+,&%'& #+/% #(*$*#+* *+ ,%'$#,# $&+*&,##* I/=&++* $# (%*:*%' & /9+*%'& ' */*' &(&%* *& (%' '*+,'#* 6+ #+$ *' T%&*&+ț ș țB'$# $&%' # *+' % /:')* $ ' *+' *+/%& ** $/+/% $%/%& V*$,/% P/+,&ț ț ț$&+*&,# ' *$=*'%##* (/*,*$ &% * &7'+, &$/('%*, & S'%:*$*##* ' I+/%& ** E;,'%+'. Î+ș ț

(%*+$*(*# &/%*,&,'& *,#& **/% ' +&,#% ' & '$%'***)& (' #+# (' #+ &, $&+*&, ț/, %')#,&,# &(&%* **/% (#*$' &' '%*/% ' (&%,* *%'$, *(*$& * 6+ $&(&+*'. L&ț ț$&,'7/%*& #*'$,*:*##* (/*,*$ &-'*& $# %/ 6+ *+#'+ &%'& :/,##* ' 6+$&%'&) *ț

('%*/&& *+,%' $'' ,#%#%* *+,'%:& 6+ $&%' ,/ * $&+*& ** $&%' +# ,%'$#, ' (%*# ,#% 6 *ț ț ș&+#+ (#*$ # *+'%'& #+#* &+#*, $&+*&, $/(',* *' ';'(#< C/%+'*# T#/% C.P.ț ț țT%*$'&+# 6 # *+ (' V*$,/% P/+,& M/+*$& M&$/:'* 6 # *+' (' I/=&++*. A$',&ț ț

*,#& *' ',' $/(',&,& ' $/+$#%# *%'$, *+* *&, 6+ (& *# (#*$ 6+ #,*'' )*' &'ț ț ț$/(&+*'* ' $,%' (%' '*+,'' 6+ #+$ *' T%&*&+ B'$# $&%' 6 * 6+'&+ ''$,/%&,# ș ț ș:/,')' &+,*-P/+,&. D' &''+'& ,'':*)*#+*' *+#'+ &, *%'$, $&(&+*& (%*+ /#ț

(%,*+*,/% ' (%//:&%' & $&+*& */% 6+ #+$ *' ' &(%/(*'%*' (/*,*$' &' (/,#%*/% &(, $'ț ț%'*'' *+ &+&*)& C/+**##* N& */+& & A#*/:*)#&##*. A,' *+ /+*,/%*)&%'&ț$&+,*,&,*: & (/,#%*/% ,: 6+ *+,'%:&# J-15 +/*'%*' *+,'%:&# *+,%' $'' /# ,#%#%*

(%')*'+ *&' CNA $/+$#)*/+'&) $ A+,'+& 3 * R/9+*& TV /, (/,#%*' ' ,*%* $&%'ț ș6+ (,&+& $&(&+*'* ('+,%# &'7'%*' (%')*'+ *&' 2014 (%')'+,&, (%,*+*,/% *+/%& **ț ț'(%' V*$,/% P/+,&. Î+ $=* B1 TV -& /:'*, & * $' &* '$=**%&, (/, *&% TVR 1R'&*,&,'& TV D*7* 24 - (%//:&, &* #, (' I/=&++* #( $# #%'&)<

An$ena 2@ 9) TV@C&+*&,< I/=&++* -V*$,/% P/+,& C&+*&, I/=&++* - V*$,/% P/+,&

,*%* V/$'< ""-135ș ,*%* V/$'< -5ș

,*%* D'(%'< 110-138ș ,*%* D'(%'< 12-25ș

D')&,'%' ,#*/X,'< 15- D')&,'%' ,#*/X,'< 12-25

P%//:&%' '$.< 51-5"50 P%//:&%' '$.< 28"5-30"J

Digi '*@ Reali$a$ea TV@C&+*&,< I/=&++*-V*$,/% P/+,& C&+*&,< I/=&++* K V*$,/% P/+,&

,*%* V/$'< 18-1Jș ,*%* V/$'< 1J0-124ș

,*%* D'(%'< 233-222ș ,*%* D'(%'< 115-"1ș

D')&,'%' ,#*/X,'< 8-8 D')&,'%' ,#*/X,'< 35-32

P%//:&%' '$.< "00-821" P%//:&%' '$.< 334-2100

Rom


31/49

,*%* V/$'< J"-121ș ,*%* V/$'< 8-ș

,*%* D'(%'< 12"-138ș ,*%* D'(%'< 1-3ș

D')&,'%' ,#*/X,'< 23-51 D')&,'%' ,#*/X,' 4-4

P%//:&%' '$.< "-4524 P%//:&%' '$< 3348-2141

Î+ &(%&%'& /% $/+#$'%*' (/,#%*/% &%,&, $ &$',' ':'+,#&' *,#& ** (%,*+*,/&%'ț #&, +& ,'%' $& / $/+'$*+ & &(,##* $ %'(%')'+,&+ ** #+/% (&%,*' * &+#* * $&+*& * ș ț ț ț ț%'#)&, *+:*,& **' /'%*,' ' #+ (/, TV & ' &,# 6+ #+$ *' ' ?$#/&%'& (/*,*$ &ț ț ț*'$%#*&. Î+ $*#& '%&(&'/% CNA +# &+$ */+&, +*$*#+ (/, ('+,%# ')'$=**%' 6+,%'ț$&+*& *.ț

D' &''+'& (%/'' 6+ &$', *+,'%:& /, *'+,**$&,' * *+ (#+$,# ' :''%' & (%//:%** & '$%'***)%** #+#* &+#*, $&+*&,. S(%' ';'(# #%+&# N& */+& -ț/:'*, & * #+ # *+,/% +'$/+* */+&, & #* V*$,/% P/+,& 6+ ,*( $' A':%# -& &:/%*)&,ț ț6+,%-/ &%' #% (' I/=&++* 6+,%' $'' /# ,#%#%*. R/# */&$'/% ' $/#+*$&%'/+*+' 6+ $&(&+*' * &#(%& +/,/%*', ** $&+*& */% I+,'%+',# & /, (%*+$*(&& #% 'ț ț*+/%&%' * *(*$*, ' *+#'+ &%' & :/,##* 6+ $&%# &'7'%*/% (%')*'+ *&' *+ 2014 &(,ț ț6+:''%&, *%'$, ' /# &('$,'< Î+ (%*# %&+ & #,*'' &'7'%* (%')*'+ *&' /&% 0.000ț' %/9+* &:' $/+, (' F&$'//H 6+ ,*( $' 6+ )*#& ' 1 +/*'%*' ' /'%: J.2 **/&+'' $/+,#%* &' (/(#& *'* R/9+*'* (' &$', *,' ' /$*&*)&%'. Î+ & /*'& %&+ ' /'%:ț%')#,&,'' ,#*##* IRES ''$,#&, (' #+ '&+,*/+ ' 000 ' ('%/&+' & *+&# #*+/*'%*' $&%' &%&, $ 54 *+,%' *+,'%:*':& * #,**)'&) *+,'%+',#. D*+,%' &$',*& 4 ț#%%*, &,9, '&'' $&+*& */% & (%' '*+ *' $&(&+*& /% $9, * ':'+*'+,'' (/*,*$'ț ș ț*+ R/9+*& 6+ ,*(# $&(&+*'*.

D' &''+'& J0 $%' $ *+,'%+',# & *+#'+ &, :/,# *+ & /*'& ,#%. C& ';'(#ț$/+$#'+, ('+,%# /# 6+ $&%' *+,'%+',# & *+#'+ &, :/,# :/ (%')'+,& #+ ,#*# %'&*)&,ț' M'*&&; 6+ *+,'%:&# *+,%' $'' /# ,#%#%* $&%' ':*'+ *&)& *+,'%&$ */+&%'& *+,%'ț ț%/9+** &$,*:* (' F&$'//H $# (%*:*%' & *,#& *& (/*,*$ *+ R/9+*&. D*+,%' (%*'' )'$'ț&%,*$/' $&%' - %9(+*, &*: (' F&$'//H 6+ *+,'%:&# "-1 N/*'%*' /(, (%')*+,'&' $%*/%* '$=*' &('#%* & /**)&%' 6(/,%*:& $&+*&,##* V*$,/% P/+,& *&% /# #+, ,*%* $&%' & %&+# /% (/,'+ *& ' /**)&%' 6+ #%& (%/''/% 7'+'%&,' 'ț:/,# *+ ,%&*+&,&,'.

D' &,' &/%*,&,'& /&'+*/% * &+&*,*/% (/*,*$* *+ R/9+*& $/+:'+*, 6+#%& $%#,*+##* (%')*'+ *& $ /&'+** *+ '*# :*%,#& 6+$*+&, &&+ & :/,##* 6+,%'ț ț

$'' /# ,#%#%* &('$, $&%' & # & $/+&$%&%'& ';(%'*'* P&%,*# F&$'//H.Î+ &$',' $/+*,** (&7*+*' ' /$*&*)&%' &' $'/% /* $&+*& * %&* 6+ $#% #(ț

(%*# ,#% $9, * ':/# *& +/,/%*', ** &$',/%& %'(%')*+, *+*$* *(/%,&+ * 6+ :''%'&ț ț ț$/(%'='+*#+** *+#'+ '* &#(%& :/,##*. Î+ &$', '+ :/ (%')'+,& #+ ,#*# &(#ț%'&*)&, ' M'*&&; 6+ '$#%# #+** +/*'%*'. L& 6+$'(#,# &$','*& (&7*+& #* I/=&++* &:'& #+ +#% &* *$ ' &+* 6+ $/(&%& *' $# V*$,/% P/+,& 6+,%#$9, '%& &* (# *+ț ț$#+/$#, ' /(*+*& (#*$ *&% (%/*# &'7,/%*/% * +# '%& (' '(*+ $/+,#%&,. P' ' &,&

(&%,' & *+&# #+** 6+ #%& /**)%*/% &*:' *+ '*# /+*+' +#%# &+*/% &$',#*& & $%'$#, :'%,*7*+/ 6+ 7'+'%& 6+ %9+# ('%/&+'/% $# :9%,' ' 18-35 ' &+*. Î+$=* &,'' '7&,' ' V*$,/% P/+,& %& $/+,&+,' $# #+ +#&% &* *$ ' 1 **/+ '

&+* $# :9%,' 6+ 7'+'%& ' (',' 35 ' &+*.

31


32/49

C/+$#)**' #,*'* &(,&&+* #+, $'' &* *(/%,&+,'< Y(9+ #*+*$ '&%&%&(/%,# 6+,%' +#%# ' &+* I/=&++* * $' & &+*/% #* V*$,/% P/+,& (' F&$'//H'%& **&% $# $' & :/,#%*/% *+&'. A,' *+ ,/,&# &+*/% &,%&* ' $'* /* (' F&$'//H55 '% &* #* I/=&++* *&% 45 &* #* V*$,/% P/+,&. S#%& $*,&, '+ */+'&)& $ I/=&++* K ț& $%#* (&7*+ ' F&$'//H ',' #, &* %'$'+, '$&, $'& & *'%##* PSD K Y& &:#, /

$%','%' ('$,&$#/& 6+ #,*'' /# #+*. Î+ #,*& &(,&&+ ' $&(&+*' P/+,& & (/%+*,' & 5 ' ** ' &+* $%'$9+ #/% (9+ & J15 ** 6+ ,*( $' I/=&++* & $%'$#, ' & 521' ** ' &+* * & &#+ & 8J4 ' ** 6+ )*#& *+&*+,'& :/,##*.

P' 1 +/*'%*' *+,'%&$ *#+'& #* I/=&++* $# &+** & $%'$#, %#$ &#+79+ &ț2.J5".000 ' *H'-#%* $/'+,&%** * =&%'-#%* 6+,%-/ *+7#% )* ,/,& 15 +/*'%*'< 24 ' **' *+,'%&$,*#+*. P' 1 +/*'%*' *+,'%&$ *#+'& #* V*$,/% P/+,& $# &+** * & $%'$#, #/% ț$/(&%&,*: $# )*'' (%'$''+,' &#+79+ & 2"4 ' ** ' *+,'%&$ *#+* 228 ' ** *+ )*#&ț

(%'$''+,&.

A$''&* &+&*) &%&, $ I/=&++* & &:#, #+ '+7&7''+, & &+*/% ' ,%'* /%* &* &%'$/(&%&,*: $# V*$,/% P/+,& 10.3 & ' 33.08.D' &''+'& &+** #* I/=&++* -ț

*+# *, %&(* 6+ %9+# %/9+*/% *+ *&(/%&. A$',' &,' #+, %'':&+,' ('+,%# & 6+ ''7' ('ț ț'(*+ *'%'+ & ' :/, *+,%' $'' /# ,#%#%* * $)'' &$','*&. A,' ' /'%: $&% $#ț+/,/%*',&,'& #+#* ('%/+& (/*,*$ $9, * &$ *#+*' (/*,*$' & $&%' &$',& *& (&%,' (/, $=*&ț%&*$& *+*$** #+#* $%#,*+ (/*,*$.

D&,' *+,'%'&+,' *+ /+&' (%'-$&(&+*' X ':/# *& ! %'$#('%&%'& (%/$'+,'/% 6+ț,*(# $%#,*+##*. U+ '''+, ' &;* +/#,&,' &(&%' & &$',' &'7'%* (%')*'+ *&'< 6+,%-/ț/$*',&,' %'&'+,' */7*+ 6+ &'7'%*' *+ +/*'%*' 2014 - 6+$%* 6+ $#% /#''*< E'+& U%'& * M/+*$& M&$/:'*. Î+ *,/%*& (/,-'$'%*, *+7#%& ''*' $&%' &ș6+%)+*, #$ / ,*' ' *'* $# %& ** & /, 6+ &+# 2000 $9+ *+'('+'+,& G%&)*'&-țE'+& B9% & / *+#, 6+ (%*# ,#% & (%')*'+ *&'/% /&% 055 *+ :/,#%*. R''%*,/% &ț ț

&$$'# ''*/% & $'& &* 6+&, #+$ *' 6+ ,&, #+ /+& INSCOP %'&*)&, & *+'' #+**ț#, * 6+$'(#,# #+** '(,'%*' 2014 %'': &(,# $ $*%$& 43 *+,%' %/9+* #+,ș$/+:*+ * $ +# $/+,'&) &$ (%' '*+,'' ',' %&, ''*' 381 $/+*'% $ #+$ *&ș ș ț

(%')*'+ *& +# ',' (/,%*:*, ('+,%# / ''*' *&% 11" *+,%' %'(/+'+ * &*% $ (%''%ț ț6+ %#+,'& ,&,##* / ''*'.

M&* '(&%,' 23 $/+*'% $ / ''*' &% $=*& #$%#%*' 6+ *+' &$ &% &:'&&$$' & &$'&, '+*,&,' *&% 154 $/+*'% $ &%& &% '%7' &* %# $# / ''*' 6+ț%#+,'. Î+ *+' 4J5 *+,%' %/9+* &% :/,& / ''*' & $/+#$'%'& ,%** * 408 +# &% &$'ș&$', #$%#.

E,' *+,'%'&+, $ ,/&,' /+&'' ' /(*+*' $=*&% * $'' &* :'$=* 6+ $&%' $'* /* ș/, *+,%/# * 6+ (/%,//*# ' $&+*& * *+*$ ('+,%# ,#%# & II-'& & (%')*'+ *&'/% / #(,ș ț ț6+,%' V*$,/% P/+,& * I/=&++*.ș

C&+*&,# ACL ' *,#'&) 6+ (%':*)*#+* 6+,%' 43 * 4J *+,%' /( *#+* *&% P/+,&ș ț#+':& 6+,%' 53 * 5J. E;*, * #+ /+& BCS *+ *#*' 2014 $&%' &%&, / :*$,/%*' ?&ș ș/,/7%&*' & #* I/=&++* 6+ ,#%# & II-'& $# 504 &% * #+ &,# & CCSC *+ #, 2014ș$&%' &%&, / :*$,/%*' & #* P/+,& $# 51 & 4". T'/%',*$ *+ ';('%*'+ & &+*/% ,%'$# * %')#,ț ț$ / *'%'+, ' &;* 10 (%/$'+,' 6+,%' (%*** /* $&& * 6+ (%*# ,#% ' $%#,*+ (/&,' ț'& ('%&+ ' $'#* &* & $&&, $ 6+ $' '-& /*'& ,#% (/&,' &#+& &,9, ' #,' :/,#%*ț6+$9, ':*+ :*$,/%*/. Î+,/,'+& #( %':/# *' $&+*&,# S,9+7** & / *+#, #+':&ț ț6+,%' 30 * 35 6+ (%*# ,#% $&9+#-' 6+ & & /(/)&+,##* #%9+ $& ('%/&+& # *+#, 'ș ț ț

D%'&(,& (/*,*$** %/9+' ,* %'$#('%')' *+ *,&+ 6+ & /*'& ,#%. F/&%,' *(/%,&+, 6+ș ț,/&, &$'&, &+&*) ',' &%& ' '%/&%' & /+&'/% *,#&, #+':& 6+ #%# #* 3. M&* /

32


33/49

' (/&,' /'%:& *+&*$& 6+$%''%** (/(#& *'* 6+ ,/ * $&+*& ** $# $9,':& #+* 6+&*+,' 'ț ț ț$&(&+*'. C/(&%&,*: $# %')#,&,# *+& & :/,##* ' (/&,' /'%:& $# $&+*&,# I/=&++* %'$#('%'&) #+ (%/$'+, ' &(%/&(' 25 6+,%' $'' /# ,#%#%* 6+ ,*( $' V*$,/% P/+,& &$##'&) #+ (# $# (# *+ (',' 5 5444-45.5.ț

T/,/&, %'':&+,' #+, * /+&'' ''$,#&,' ' CSCI #( *'$&%' $/+%#+,&%'ș''$,/%& *+,%' $'* /* $&+*& * *+ ,#%# & /*'&. A,' #( (%*& $/+%#+,&%' J0 ț$/+*'%&, $ V*$,/% P/+,& & /, $' $&%' & /*+&, ')&,'%'&. L& & /#& $/+%#+,&%' (#*$& $'/% /* 58 /, ' (%'%' *+ +/# $ V*$,/% P/+,& & /, $' $' & ' *+#, $/+,%/#ț*&/7##*.

C# ,/&,' &$','& ' /'%: $ &$',' &,' +# $/+,&, 6+ (%*:*+ & &'7'%**ț$9 ,*7,/%##* 6+ $' '-& /*'& ,#% &,' $ (%'%'& &'7,/%*/% +# & /, *+#'+ &, 'ș ț$/+%#+,%*.

CAPITOLUL V. CON:RUNTRILE DINTRECANDIDA II LA :UNC IA DEȚ Ț

PRE EDINTEȘ

Î+ $&(&+*& ''$,/%& #+ &$$'+, '/'*, ' (#+' (' *$#%#%*' *+ $&%#')&,'%*/% *+&'. A$'&,& ' &)'&) (' *+,'%&$ *#+'& 6+,%' $&+*& * $/+,%#*, (' &)&ț ț

#+/% '+#+ #%* (/)*,*:' * +'7&,*:' &' $%/% $/( ',' %'*'&%'& $&*, */% * &:&+,&'/% ('ț ș ț ș$&%' ' &%' *'$&%' *+,%' '*. Î+ $&(&+*& ''$,/%& *+ 2014 /, /%7&+*)&,' /#$/+%#+,%* 6+,%' (%*+$*(&** $&+*& * & #+$ *& ' (%' '*+,' & R/9+*'*.ț ț ș

Prima #on!rn$are

P%*& ')&,'%' *+,%' V*$,/% P/+,& * I/=&++* & &:#, /$ &% * '&% 11ș ț+/*'%*' 2014 & R'&*,&,'& TV **+ &+#+ &, (' #,*& #, ' ',%* #( $' $&+*&,#ț

PNL & &*%&, $ (&%,*$*( & '**#+'. E**#+'& & (%#, *(%/:*)&, $# %'7#*' $/#+*$&,'7%'# ' 6+ ''. I/=&++* & :'+*, % +/,* ' % =9%,** (%'7,*,' 6+ ,*( $' V*$,/% P/+,& & &:#,ț ț& 6+'9+ / /$#'+,& *' $/+*,'+ . E**#+'& & /, /*+&, :'%& ' V*$,/% P/+,&ț ț$&%' -& 6+,%'%#(, &(%/&(' ,/, ,*(# (' I/=&++* (9+ & /'+,# 6+ $&%' /'%&,/%# &&'+*+ &, $# ,*'%'& *$%//+##*.ț

I/=&++* -& (9+ & 6+$'(#,# '**#+** $ +# ,*' $&%' #+, %'7#*' ')&,'%**ș* & *+,%&, %&(* 6+ ''+*: $9+ -& 6+,%'&, L&:*+*& S&+%# $# (/&,' &*%& $ /%' ,' ș ș

*' (%' '*+,'' ,#,#%/% %/9+*/% &$ +# & '% 6+ C=* *+# * 6+ C'%+# * (9+ &$#. L&ș ș ș ț&$'&, 6+,%'&%' I/=&++* & %(#+ $ C'%+# * * C=* *+# +# &$ (&%,' *+ R/9+*&. D'ț ș ș+/,&, $ & 6+,%'&%'& ('+,%# V*$,/% P/+,& L&:*+*& S&+%# *-& $'%#, (%*##* *+*,%#

,%**, #+ '& $,%' &'7,/%** *+ C=* *+#. T''' &%* ' *$# *' /, :/,# *+ș ț*&(/%& #(,& &+,*$/%#( *' *#+*,&,'& (&%&'+,&%*/% ('+** ,&;' * *(/)*,' %'& **ț ș ț*+,'%+& */+&'. N*$* #+# *+,%' $&+*& * +# & /'%*, *+/%& ** +/* '(%' (%/7%&'' /%ț ț ț

33


34/49

'(%' (/)* */+&%'& /% & ' ,''' &/%' ' ')&,'%'. Î+ ,*(# '**#+** ';*,&,ț ț$9,':& /'+,' ,'+*/+&,' 6+,%' $'* /* $&+*& * $# %'(*$* &$*'. I/=&++* -& &$#)&, ('țP/+,& $ & /%7&+*)&, &'7'%*' *+ *&(/%& Q';'$%&*Q P/+,& -& &$#)&, $-* ,%&,'&) ('%/9+* Q$& #+ / *'% $& #+ ,(9+ ' $&:*Q. U+ &, /'+, ,'+*/+&, & /, $9+ P/+,& *-&ș$'%#, #* I/=&++* - * (%')*+,' $#)' & ' / *& & D&$*&+& ('+,%# #+ &%,*$/ (#*$&, 6+ș ț ț

)*&%# ' (%//:&%' & ACL '(%' (%'#(#' &#%* 6+ '$&%& *& ' &:'%'. I/=&++* *-& $'%#,ț#* P/+,& & %9+# #* - * (%')*+,' $#)' $ -& $#, :9+),/% ' $/(** ,%&*$&+, ' /%7&+'ș$ +# ' #+ %/9+ ',$. R'(*$*' 6+,%' '* $/+,*+#&, *&% & *+& I/=&++* *-& $'%#, $#)'ș7'+'%*$< QD&$ & ')&, (' $*+':& 6+ $&(&+*' 6* $'% $#)'Q. R&(#+# #* P/+,&<QM# #'$Q. E**#+'& -& ,'%*+&, $# #+ &+#+ #%(%*+),/% & #* R&%' B/7&+ $&%' &ț ț ș(# $ V*$,/% P/+,& :& %9+' 6+ ,#*/#%*' R'&*, ** TV ('+,%# & &* (&%,*$*(& & /ț'**#+'. I/=&++* & /, #%(%*+ * & (%'$*)&, $ 6+ /(*+*& & V*$,/% P/+,& +# (/&,'ș$/+,*+#& &$'&, '**#+' &% R&%' B/7&+ & 6+$'%$&, 6* ';(*$' $ ',' / '**#+'ș**&% $# $'& & $&%' & (&%,*$*(&, * ' $# / '&% 6+ #% * *$# *& :& &:'& /$ 6+ &, ,#*/.ș ș ț6+ $'' *+ #% V*$,/% P/+,& +# & %& 6+ ,#*/#%*' R'&*, ** TV. D#( '**#+' C/)*+țG# & '$&%&, & R'&*,&,'& TV $ V*$,/% P/+,& & /, &*% (& ('+,%# $ ' * R&%'ș ș ș

B/7&+ *-& (# &* %9+ & '**#+' (%*# *+*,%# & %'#)&,. Î+ ,*(# ')&,'%**$'* /* $&+*& * (%**, /(, 6+,%'%* ' & )*&%*,'' R'&*,&,'& TV L&:*+*& S&+%# E&țZ'*$'$# * D'+*' R*&*. Î+ #%# /%'* 21


35/49

I/=&++* * V*$,/% P/+,& - 6+,&+*, *+ +/# *'%$#%* '&% 12 +/*'%*'ș2014 & B1 TV 6+ $&%# $''* '-& /#& ')&,'%* ,'':*)&,' *+,%' $'* /* (/*,*$*'+*$&**$& * 6+ ,#%# /* & &'7'%*/% (%')*+'+ *&' /'%&, ' M*+& P#$#. ț țI/=&++* & (%#, #, &* 6+ &%7# #* * -& (# 6+ $&,':& %9+#%* 6+ **$#,&,' (' V*$,/% șP/+,& 6+ ('$*& 6+ /'+,# 6+ $&%' *-& $'%#, &$',#*& Q$& *+,%' &%& *Q $/+:/&$' :*+'%*ț

P&%&'+,# ('+,%# & %'(*+7' '7'& &+*,*'* * ('+,%# & %**$& *#+*,&,'& ,#,#%/% ș (&%&'+,&%*/% &:9+ *+ :''%' $& 6+ (%'&&* DNA & $'%#, &$', #$%#. P/+,& +# & /'%*, #+%&(#+ $&%.

I/=&++* -& &$#)&, (' P/+,& $ & /#& )* $9+ :& &#+7' (%''*+,' :& &/(,& '7'&&+*,*'* * 7%&,*'%**. P/+,& +# & (%#, '/$ $/+/%,&* *&% I/=&++* & %'#&, ,'& * & +#*, /ș#+7 *, ' *'%* *+ PSD $# (%/'' ('+&'< N,&' D%&7+'& N*$#/% C/+,&+,*+'$#%''+$*#$ - (9+ & 38 ' +#'. P/+,& & &* &, #+ )9', * & 6+$'%$&, $/+,%&&,&$' $#ș ș';'('' M*%$'& R/ $& T#/% C=*#&%*# V&%#&+ V/7&+*&+ * AH/ M/%& PNL.ș

M/'+,''-$='*' &' ')&,'%** /, (%/#' ' I/=&++*< Î+ (%*# %&+ $9+ &:/%*, ' $/%#( *' & (%')'+,&, / /,/7%&*' $# ,/ * *'%** PSD (%*+,%' $&%' * P/+,& &#+& * -ț ț ș ț

&('%' (' '# C A%7' C/+,&+,*+ N*$/'$#. I/=&++* & (%')'+,&,-/ $& / /:& &&,*,#*+** PSD & ' $/%#( * 9+#-* #* P/+,& & 6+$'(#,# '**#+** #+ /&% (*+ $#ț ț$%*/%* ' & %/9+* $&%' +# (#,#, :/,& *+ D*&(/%&. Î+ & /*'& %9+ & %9 *&,/% 6+,*(# #+#* *$#% (/(#*, & #* P/+,& /'+, 6+ $&%' $&+*&,# PSD -& '+'%:&, * -&ș$/(&%&, (' I/=&++* $# B'$#. P' *+&# '**#+** I/=&++* & &:#, / %'(*$ '''$, #( $' V*$,/% P/+,& -& &$#)&, *+ +/# ' &(%/(*'%' ' T%&*&+ B&'$#. QO&%' B&'$# *-& (%/,*, (' %/9+* $&+ :-& (# (%'*'% P' *+' -& %'#)&, (' : :-& (#Q &%'(*$&, I/=&++*.

Rea# iile anali $ilor si ,rnali $ilor dp" a doa dez+a$ereț ș șL& ' $& * 6+ $&)# (%*'* ')&,'%* ''$,/%&' *+,%' $'* /* $&+*&@* & &'7'%*'ș

(%')*'+@*&' $/+%#+,&%'& *+,%' V*$,/% P/+,& * I/=&++* ' *'%$#%* '&%& ' &ș (/,# B1 TV & /, &+&*)&, & $& ' #%+&* ,** * &+&* ,** (/*,*$*.ș ș ș

I/+ C%*,/*#< QA9+/* $/+$#%'+ ** $#, 7%' '* $/(*/&'. I/=&++* &#$9+ț ș6+ *$# *' $=',*& $# ,&/&+'' ' ('+*' ' *'%* % - * '& '&& $ '**#+'& ' &$#ț ș+# &* &%' *'+ & $''* ' *'%*. V*$,/% P/+,& & 6+$'%$&, %'6+$)'&$ $*/%& +'(%*$'('%**ț#* I/=&++*Q.

D&+ A+%/+*$< QA /, #, &* *+'. A &*,&, & / ')&,'%' #, &* &(%/(*&, '$''& $' & ,'(, %/9+** :& ' & #,*** /* $&+*& * %& * 6+ $#%. A &:#, /ș ț ș')&,'%' $&%' +'-& &(%/(*&, ' $''& $' :'' 6+ SUA 6+ '&,'%*' *+,%' #+ D'/$%&, * #+șR'(#*$&+. A** $&+*& * +'- $/+:*+ $ #+, *'%* *. C (%/(#+ R/9+** *'%*,' $ +'ț ț$'% :/,# ('+,%# & %'(%')'+,& $=*&%'&.Q

S,'*&+ T+&' (%' '*+,'' TVR (' /7# ('%/+&< QF$*+ #+ *&+ #(ș ț')&,'%*' P/+,&-I/=&++* ' & R'&*,&,'& ,: * B1 $%' $ P/+,& & *' *, (%*#. Î+ (%*&ș ș')&,'%' ' & $6 ,*7&, ',# ' ',& &,. A'&% I/=&++* & $6 ,*7&, &% & / *'%'+ &* *$ș ș ș ț'$6, $6 ,*7&' P/+,& 6+ (%*& '&%. P' ,/,& P/+,& (,%'&) #+ &:&+ +# &%' &% 6ș

(,%'&).Q

#%+&*,# C%*,*&+ T#/% P/('$#< QÎ+ &$'&, '&% & &:#, / $/+%#+,&%' 6+ ,%&+ ''ș

+# #+& $/%( & $/%( ' #(, (' $9(*' $# & /, &'&%. Î+ &$'&, 6+%#+,&%' I/=&++* & /, #, &* *+'. A :'+*, $# **/%&,# +*$* +# ,*# &$ & $#, *+'. QD/+#ș

35


36/49

I/=&++* & (# $&(&+*& ''$,/%& -& 6+$='*&,. E &*& *'%$#%*. Î+ /$ #(,' (9+ 6+#,*# *+#,.Q

F/,# $/+**'% (%')*'+ *& S'&,*&+ L)%/*# (' F&$'//H< QC' & /:'*, P/+,& 6+ț'&%& &,& N**$ +/#. A (# *+ +/# ,#+# $# *+$*#+* (' ''$,/%&,. D' &,& &,& (%''/'*%' ' *'%* I/=&++* & (# &* *+' 6+ ':*'+ *+$*#+*' #* P/+,& &(,# $ 'ț

(%*)/+*'% & $/%#( */% * ' ,'' * (%/+#+ ' Q&+*,*' * 7%&,*'%'Q &% &* *' ' &$/%ț ș ș ț ș* $# $/+:/$&%'& P&%&'+,##*. I/=&++* *-& &, $9,':& /:*,#%* #,*' #* P/+,&.Qș

R&# B&+$*# %'&*)&,/% B1 TV< QV*$,/% P/+,& & /, +', #('%*/% #* I/=&++*. I/=&++*& :'+*, ,/,&'+,' +'(%'7,*,. ,*# $ (#*$# B1 +# :%'& &,& &% '# +# & $' &$


37/49

E,+*&< (/+'%'& ('%/&+'/% $/+,&$,&,' ',' '+**$&,*: &* &%' 6+ $&)# &7=*&%*/% 5 * #, &* *$ ('+,%# %/* 5

V'+*,#< (/+'%'& ('%/&+'/% $/+,&$,&,' $%',' #/% 6+ #+$@*' ' :'+*, ';$'(,9+ ('%/&+'' % :'+*, $# '#$&@*' $' (#@*+ '*'

S,&%'& $*:*< (/+'%'& ('%/&+'/% $/+,&$,&,' ',' (#@*+ &* &%' 6+ $&)#$'/% $,/%*,' '7& +# * $':& &* *$ ('+,%# $'' +'$,/%*,' ! *:/%@&,' :#:'

S,&,#,# /$#(&@*/+&< (/+'%'& ('%/&+'/% $/+,&$,&,' ',' $':& &* &%' ('+,%# ('%/&+'' /$#(&,' * &* *$ ('+,%# $'' +'/$#(&,' ' &''+'& $%',' 6+ #+$@*' ',&,##/$#(&@*'*

L/$&*,&,'& ' %')*'+@< (/+'%'& ('%/&+'/% $/+,&$,&,' ',' &* &%' 6+ #%&+ &@' %#%& ';$'(,9+ #%&+# /&%,' *$

P%/:*+$*&< (/+'%'& ('%/&

Date post:	07-Jul-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	ionelaionelaa
View:	225 times
Download:	0 times

Metodologie FINAL

Documents