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Micro Environment in City of Chicago and Impacts to UBEM Luke Leung, LEED Fellow, PE Skidmore, Owings & Merril [email protected] ASHRAE seminar 27 “Urban Scale Energy Modeling”, Part 7
Micro Environment in City of Chicago and Impacts to UBEM
Luke Leung, LEED Fellow, PE
Skidmore, Owings & Merril
ASHRAE seminar 27 “Urban Scale Energy Modeling”, Part 7
1. Provide an overview on “Array of Things” and microclimate in urban environment2. Understand the differences between measured micro environment data versus predicted by ASHRAE formula
Learning Objectives
Acknowledgements
Prof Brent Stephens, IITArgonne National Laboratory, Charlie Catlett
ENVIRONMENT VARIATIONS WITH HEIGHT
TEMPERATURE LAPSE RATE
3.5 F/1000’3.0 F/1000’
5.4 F/1000’
P = V3
VELOCITY WITH HEIGHT
NORMAL LAPSE RATE
6.5 C/1000 M
3.5 F/1000 Ft
NORMAL LAPSE RATE
6.5 C/1000 M
3.5 F/1000 Ft
NORMAL LAPSE RATE
6.5 C/1000 M
3.5 F/1000 FT
3% Savings
Base Line
With Environmental Variations
BEIJING, CHINA
4-5% Savings
Base Line
With Environmental Variations
ABU DHABI, UAE
NORMAL LAPSE RATE
Normal Lapse Rate: .65 °C/100 M
1. Linear2. .65 °C/100 M
Credit: Estimating natural ventilation potential for high-rise buildings considering boundary layer meteorology
TEMPERATURE WITH BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
Center for Green Buildings and Cities, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
1. Not linear?2. More than .65 °C/100 M
Credit: Estimating natural ventilation potential for high-rise buildings considering boundary layer meteorology
TEMPERATURE WITH BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
3.5 °C/100 M
Center for Green Buildings and Cities, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
1. Not linear?2. More than .65 °C/100 M
URBAN FORM INFLUENCES ON URBAN CLIMATE
URBAN FORM AND WIND SPEED
THE “BUBBLE” AT STREET LEVEL
- Higher temperature- Lower wind speed- Higher particulate levels- Higher carbon dioxide
Credit: Estimating natural ventilation potential for high-rise buildings considering boundary layer meteorology
TEMPERATURE WITH BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
Credit: Estimating natural ventilation potential for high-rise buildings considering boundary layer meteorology
TEMPERATURE WITH BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
Credit: Estimating natural ventilation potential for high-rise buildings considering boundary layer meteorology
NATURAL VENTILATION OPPORTUNITIES WITH HEIGHT IN DIFFERENT CITIES
Credit: Estimating natural ventilation potential for high-rise buildings considering boundary layer meteorology
NATURAL VENTILATION OPPORTUNITIES WITH HEIGHT IN DIFFERENT CITIES
0.5ﾵm dif PM m31.0ﾵm dif PM m3
2.5ﾵm dif PM m35.0ﾵm dif PM m3
10.0ﾵm dif PM m3
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
GroundLevel -
Outdoor
Level 43 -Outdoor
Level 76 -Outdoor
Level 153 -Outdoor
μg/m3
PARTICULATE MATTERS MEASUREMENTS OUTSIDE BURJ KHALIFA
Vertical gradients of HONO, NOx and O3 in Santiago de Chile
OZONE VARIATION WITH HEIGHT
https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/about/co2_measurements.html
CO2 MEASUREMENTS MADE ON A TALL TV ANTENNA IN A FORESTED AREA IN NORTHERN WISCONSIN
https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/about/co2_measurements.html
CO2 MEASUREMENTS MADE ON A TALL TV ANTENNA IN A FORESTED AREA IN NORTHERN WISCONSIN
CO2 MEASUREMENTS MADE IN EVANSTON
Seasonally varying contributions to urban CO2 in the Chicago, Illinois, USA region: Insights from a high-resolution CO2 concentration and δ13C record
MEASUREMENTS IN CHICAGO
TemperaturePressureLightVibrationCarbon MonoxideNitrogen DioxideSulfur DioxideOzoneSound IntensityPedestrianVehicle TrafficVideo
ARRAY OF THINGS
http://www.govtech.com/fs/data/What-is-Chicagos-Array-of-Things-Initiative.html
ARRAY OF THINGS
TEMPERATURE – CHICAGO 60 + STORIES TALL BUILDING
HUMIDITY – CHICAGO 60 + STORIES TALL BUILDING
PM 1 – CHICAGO 60 + STORIES TALL BUILDING
PM 2.5 – CHICAGO 60 + STORIES TALL BUILDING
PM 10 – CHICAGO 60 + STORIES TALL BUILDING
PM 1, 2.5, 10 – CHICAGO 60 + STORIES TALL BUILDING
OZONE – CHICAGO 60 + STORIES TALL BUILDING
CARBON DIOXIDE – CHICAGO 60 + STORIES TALL BUILDING
CO2, OZONE, NO2 – CHICAGO 60 + STORIES TALL BUILDING
MODELING CHICAGO
