Date post: | 30-May-2018 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | chris-queiklin |
View: | 229 times |
Download: | 0 times |
of 28
8/14/2019 Microbiology Lecture - 06 Microflora
1/28
Normal microflora
of a humans bodymicro ecology
8/14/2019 Microbiology Lecture - 06 Microflora
2/28
2
Normal microflora
- is the composition of symbiotic microorganismsformed during evolution, inhabiting skin and
mucous membranes of a human body, stayed inthe dynamic stable balance
8/14/2019 Microbiology Lecture - 06 Microflora
3/28
3
Qu alitative and q u antitative compo u nd of Normal microflora
depends on:-State of Health
- Age-Type of a diet
-Climate conditions-Ecological conditions
8/14/2019 Microbiology Lecture - 06 Microflora
4/28
N ormal microflora may be arranged into the groups:
1. Skin microflora
2 . Microflora of conj u nctiva
3 . Microflora of a mo u th and u pper respiratory tract
4 . Microflora of gastrointestinal tractand rect u m
5 . Microflora of u rine genital tract
8/14/2019 Microbiology Lecture - 06 Microflora
5/28
5
Symbiotic microorganisms
inhabiting the same area of a body form one ecosystem.
All microorganisms of one ecosystem may be arranged into 2 groups :
Indigeno u sIndigeno u s or or residentresidentmicrofloramicroflora
Transient microfloraTransient microflora
relatively fixed types
of microorganismsregularly found in a given areaat a given age
nonpathogenic or potentially pathogenic microorganisms
that inhabit some areafor a short period
8/14/2019 Microbiology Lecture - 06 Microflora
6/28
6
microflora ofmedicinepersonal
Mothers
intestinal and vaginal microflora
microflora of theenvironment
Microflora
of the newborn baby
3 sources of newbornsmicrobiota
8/14/2019 Microbiology Lecture - 06 Microflora
7/28
7
T he role of Normal Microflora
C olonization resistance - protection fromdiseases:NM inhibits pathogens by prod u ction of
lactic and acetic acids and bacteriocinsocc u pies cell receptors of m u co u smembranesmetabolizes n u trient s u bstratesactivates imm u ne system
8/14/2019 Microbiology Lecture - 06 Microflora
8/28
8
T he role of Normal Microflora
A ssimilation of n u trientsoligosaccharides - by Bifidobacteri u mPolysaccharides - by Bacteroides
Reg u lation of Gas balance in the intestineA cid balance in the intestineprod u ce vitamins K, B; amino acids
8/14/2019 Microbiology Lecture - 06 Microflora
9/28
9
Skin microflora
T he predominant m/o of the humans skin areaerobic and
anaerobic grampositive cocci androds.
Limitation factors of skin microflora:
pH of skinSecreting of fatty acidsSecreting of lysozymePresence of oxygen
S taphylococcus aureus
8/14/2019 Microbiology Lecture - 06 Microflora
10/28
10
Propionibacteri u mA ctinomyces
Gram positive rods can bedetected
in normal microflora of skin
8/14/2019 Microbiology Lecture - 06 Microflora
11/28
11
Normal microflora of Skin
Resident m/oGram positivecocci:MicrococcusStaphylococcusGram positiverods:CorynebacteriumPropionibacteriumBrevibacterium
Transient m/oGram positivecocci:Sarcina
Gram positiverods:Bacillus
Actinomyces Yeasts:CandidaFu ngi
8/14/2019 Microbiology Lecture - 06 Microflora
12/28
12
Microflora of a mo u th and u pper respiratorytract
V eilonella spp Haemophillus influenzae
Bacteroides fragilis Neisseria meningitidis
8/14/2019 Microbiology Lecture - 06 Microflora
13/28
13
Normal microfloraof nasopharingx and oral cavity
ResidentGram positive cocci:StreptococcusMicrococcusStaphylococcusGram negative cocci:NeisseriaVeilonella
Gram positive rods:CorynebacteriumLactobacteriumGram negative rods:Bacteroides
TransientGram positive cocci:PeptococcusGram positive rods:
ActinomycesBacillusGram negative rods:Fusobacterium
Yeasts:Candida
8/14/2019 Microbiology Lecture - 06 Microflora
14/28
14
Normal microfloraof u rine genital tract
V aginaResident m/o
Gram positive cocci:
StreptococcusStaphylococcusGram negativecocci:
VeilonellaGram positive rods:LactobacillusGram negative rods:Prevotella
D ifferent species ofL actobacillus are
predominant
8/14/2019 Microbiology Lecture - 06 Microflora
15/28
15
Normal microfloraof u rine genital tract
V aginaTransient m/o
Gram positive cocci:
PeptococcusStreptococci group BGram positive rods:BifidobacteriumCoryneforming bacteriaGram negative rods:Fusobacterium
Yeasts:Candida
Streptococcusgroup B
8/14/2019 Microbiology Lecture - 06 Microflora
16/28
16
Normal microfloraof u rine genital tract
Transient m/o
Gram negative rods:PrevotellaE. coli
Yeasts:Candida
Resident m/o
Gram positive cocci:StreptococcusStaphylococcusPeptococcusPeptostreptococcusGram negative cocci:Veilonella
Urethra
8/14/2019 Microbiology Lecture - 06 Microflora
17/28
17
Microflora of Gastrointestinal tract (GI T)
The most heavily colonized area .
All microorganisms of GI T are arranged into
ecosystems:
Stomach and duodenum - 10 bacteria per gramm
Jejunum and ileum - 10 4-10 7
Colon and rectum - 10 7 -10 12
8/14/2019 Microbiology Lecture - 06 Microflora
18/28
18
Intestinal Microflora of a newborn(1 month of life)
BreastBreast- -fed childfed childT he predominant residentm/o are differentB ifidobacterium species(about 90%)and Lactobacillus,Bacteroides, Streptococcigroup D, E. coli
transient m/o:Klebsiella, Staphylococcus,
Clostridium
BottleBottle --fed childfed childBifidobacterium and
Lactobacillus assosiatedwith Bacteroides,
Clostridium, Streptococcigroup D , E. colitransient m/o:Enterobacter,Klebsiella
Proteus, Citrobacter,Staphylococcus,Bacillus,Candida
8/14/2019 Microbiology Lecture - 06 Microflora
19/28
19
Intestinal Microflora of ad u lts
Resident m/oGram positive rods:Bifidobacteri u mLactobacill u s
PropionibacteriumGram positive cocci:Streptococci group D(=Enterococci )
Gram negative cocci:VeilonellaGram negative rods:Bacteroides, Fusobacterium
E. coli
B ifidobacteriumlongum
8/14/2019 Microbiology Lecture - 06 Microflora
20/28
20
Intestinal Microflora of ad u lts
Transient m/o
Gram positive cocci:PeptococcusGram positive rods:C lostridi u mBacillusGram negative rods:Enterobacteriaceae
Yeasts:Candida
Clostridium
8/14/2019 Microbiology Lecture - 06 Microflora
21/28
21
D ysbiosisis q u alitative and q u antitative alterations of normal
microflora, ind u ced by violation of ecological balance
between microbial pop u lations
D ysbiosis isnt a disease , it appears as a symptomafter:
1. Infection process or somatic disease2 . Prolonged therapy with antibiotics, hormones etc .3 . Radiation or imm u nos u ppressive therapy4 . Total changing of diet, climate
5 . Prolonged stress6 . Prolonged staying in the excl u sive space
(cosmona u ts, sailors in s u bmarines)7 . Radiation sickness
8/14/2019 Microbiology Lecture - 06 Microflora
22/28
22
D ysbiosis
Compensatory stage:
I nsignificant
decreasing of one group of resident m/o.
Sub
compensatory stage:decreasing of
several residentsand increasing of transients .
D ecompensatory stage:
elimination of severalgro u ps of residents,translocation of
some transients intothe other ecosystems .
May appier localinfection
8/14/2019 Microbiology Lecture - 06 Microflora
23/28
2 3
Biopreparations to correct D ysbiosis
P robiotics contain pure culture of a resident m/o(living)
P rebiotics contain nutrient substrate (growth factor ) which can be fermentated by resident m/o
Synbiotics - contain mixed nutrient substrate and
pure culture of a resident m/o
8/14/2019 Microbiology Lecture - 06 Microflora
24/28
24
D iagnosis of D ysbiosis
C u ltu ral (Bacteriologic) method - q u alitative andq u antitative examination
Molec u lar-genetics methods:Polymerase Chain reactions (PCR, RT-PCR)
8/14/2019 Microbiology Lecture - 06 Microflora
25/28
2 5
Polymerase Chain reaction
8/14/2019 Microbiology Lecture - 06 Microflora
26/28
2 6
Results of PCR will be visibale in gelelectrophoresis
8/14/2019 Microbiology Lecture - 06 Microflora
27/28
2 7
Ampliphycator for PCR
8/14/2019 Microbiology Lecture - 06 Microflora
28/28
2 8
Gnotobiology
Is the science which st u dies mechanisms of microbial infl u ence to host imm u ne systemon a model of germ-free animals
Germ-free animals have no their ownmicroflora sterile animalsGerm-free animals live in sterile conditions
Germ-free animals eat sterile food