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Biology 12 – 0708 Form APage 1
Biology 12: Midterm Review Name: Date:
Blk:1. Which of the following are found in lysosomes?
A. ATPB. RNAC. enzymesD. glycogen
2. What organelle functions with the endoplasmic reticulum during protein production?
A. the ribosomeB. the lysosomeC. the chloroplastD. the cell membrane
ZY
X
W
3. Where are drugs detoxified in liver cells?
A. WB. XC. Y
Page 2 Biology 12 – 0708 Form A
Use the following diagram to answer question 4.
Z
Y X
W
4. Which organelle contains the information necessary to produce enzymes?
A. WB. XC. YD. Z
5. Which of the following molecules, when added to water, will produce a solution with the lowest pH?
A. celluloseB. neutral fatC. nucleic acidD. monosaccharide
Use the following graph to answer question 6.8
7
6pH
5
4
3T
Time6. At time T, a small amount of dilute acid is added to a solution buffered to pH 5.0. Which line
on the graph illustrates the change in pH of the solution following the addition of the weak acid?A. WB. XC. Y
Z
YX
W
Biology 12 – 0708 Form A Page 3
D. Z
Page 4 Biology 12 – 0708 Form A
7. Which of the following equations illustrates a synthesis reaction?
A. acid base salt waterB. ATP ADP P energyC. protein+ water amino acidsD. glucose + glucose maltose + water
8. The graph shows the relative number of atoms in a molecule.
3
Relative number 2
of atoms ina molecule
1
0P O H C N
Type of atom
Which of the following molecules reflects the data shown by the graph?
A. ATPB. DNAC. riboseD. hemoglobin
Biology 12 – 0708 Form A Page 5
9. Which of the following molecules insulates the body from heat loss?
A. H HO
R OH B. HH C O
O H H H H HC C C C C C H
N C C N C CH H H
H R R HO
H C O
O H H H H H H
C C C C C C C H
H C O
H
O H H H C C C C
H H H
HC H
H H H H H
C. OH D.CH2
O O O O
CH2
OO O O
10. Which of the following molecules is stored in the liver and broken down when the body needs energy?
A. starchB. maltoseC. celluloseD. glycogen
11. What type of molecule is hemoglobin?
A. a steroidB. a proteinC. a nucleic acidD. a carbohydrate
CH3
CH3
CH2 CH2
OO
Page 6 Biology 12 – 0708 Form A
Use the following diagram to answer question 12.
X Y
12. X and Y could represent which of the following?
A. adenine and uracilB. guanine and cytosineC. cytosine and adenineD. thymine and thymine
13. Which of the following is a difference between RNA and DNA?
A. the number of strandsB. the presence of adenineC. the presence of guanineD. the presence of a five-carbon sugar
SS
P P
SS
P P
SS
PP
Biology 12 – 0708 Form A Page 7
Use the following diagram to answer question 14.
14. Which of the following correctly describes this process?
A. Translation is occurring in the nucleus.B. Replication is occurring in the nucleus.C. Transcription is occurring in the nucleus.D. Translation is occurring in the cytoplasm.
15. The sequence of bases in a portion of a DNA molecule is C C G T A C. Which of the following represents the sequence of bases in the corresponding codons?
A. C C G T A CB. C C G U A CC. G G C A T GD. G G C A U G
16. Which of the following molecules is produced during translation?
A. DNAB. tRNAC. proteinD. mRNA
Page 8 Biology 12 – 0708 Form A
Use the following diagram to answer question 16.
X
17. Which DNA base sequence corresponds to the sequence of bases at X?
A. C T TB. C U UC. G A A D. G U U
18. By which of the following processes do oxygen and carbon dioxide move across the membranes of the alveoli?
A.osmosisB. diffusionC. pinocytosisD. active transport
A
Biology 12 – 0708 Form A Page 9
Use the following chart to answer question 18.
19. Which of the following correctly matches the amino acid, codon and anticodon?
A.
B.
C.
D.
20. What is the process by which the sodium-potassium pump moves ions across the cell membrane?
A.osmosisB. diffusionC. active transportD. facilitated transport
LeucineMethionine
Valine
PhenylalanineUUU UUC
UUA UUG
GUU GUC GUA GUG
LeucineCUU CUC CUA CUG
IsoleucineAUU AUC AUA
A
UGA StopUGG Tryptophan
GlycineGGU GGC GGA GGG
ArginineCGU CGC CGA CGG
Arginine
CysteineUGU UGC
SerineAGU AGC
AGA AGG
SerineUCU UCC UCA UCG
AlanineGCU GCC GCA GCG
ProlineCCU CCC CCA CCG
Threonine
Stop
ACU ACC ACA ACG
Tyrosine
UAU UACGlutamate
Aspartic acidGAU GAC
GAA GAG
Glutamine
HistidineCAU CAC
CAA CAG
Lysine
AsparagineAAU AAC
AAA AAG
Three-letter
codons of messenger RNA and the amino acids specified by the codons
Amino acid Codon Anticodon
alanine G C C C G G
proline G G C C C G
isoleucine T A T A U A
asparagine A A C T T G
Page Biology 12 – 0708 Form A
Use the following diagram to answer question 20.
X
W
Y
21. Which structure can act as a glucose carrier?
A.WB. XC. YD.Z
22. A 0.9% solution of sodium chloride is isotonic to red blood cells. Which of the following will result when the cells are placed in a 0.3% solution of NaCl?
A. Water will move into the cells causing lysis.B. Water will move out of the cells causing lysis.C. Water will move into the cells causing crenation.D. Water will move out of the cells causing crenation.
23. How do enzymes increase the rate of a chemical reaction?A. They denature the substrate.B. They decrease the energy of activation.C. They increase the substrate concentration.D. They donate atoms or ions to the reactants.
Use the following diagram to answer question 22.
Time
24. What is the process shown in the diagram if X contains polypeptide molecules?
A.exocytosisB. pinocytosisC. phagocytosisD. facilitated transport
X
Z
Biology 12 – 0708 Form A Page
Use the following diagram to answer question 25.
Time 1 hour
Membrane
25. In an experiment, the bottom of a thistle tube is covered with a membrane permeable only to water. The thistle tube is filled with a 10% sucrose solution and placed in a beaker containing a 5% sucrose solution. What will happen to the solution in the tube after one hour?
A. The concentration of sucrose will decrease and become isotonic to the solution in the beaker.B. The concentration of sucrose will increase and become isotonic to the solution in the beaker.C. The concentration of sucrose will decrease and become hypotonic to the solution in the
beaker.D. The concentration of sucrose will increase and become hypotonic to the solution in the beaker.
Use the following graph to answer question 26.
Potentialenergy Z
Progress of reaction
26. Which line indicates the change in potential energy in a reaction when no enzyme is available?
A.WB. XC. YD.Z
?5%10%
W
Y
X
Page 12 Biology 12 – 0708 Form A
27. The activation energy required to initiate a metabolic reaction may be increased by the addition of
A. heat.B. a substrate.C. an enzyme.D.an inhibitor.
Use the following diagram to answer questions 28 and 29.
X
28. If X is a carbohydrate, what are Y and Z?A. nucleotidesB. amino acidsC. glucose and maltoseD. fatty acid and glycerol
29. Which of the following is X?
A. a productB. a reactantC. an enzymeD. an enzyme-substrate complex
30. Where does the emulsification of fat occur?
A. the liverB. the colonC. the gall bladderD. the small intestine
Use the following diagram to answer question 31.
X
Y
Z
Y
Biology 12 – 0708 Form A Page 13
31. What is a difference between the contents in this structure at X and at Y?
A. There is more bile at X than Y.B. There is less lipase at X than Y.C. There is more water at X than Y.D. There is less protein at X than Y.
32. What organ produces pepsinogen?
A. the liverB. the stomachC. the pancreasD. the duodenum
33. Which of the following correctly matches a digestive enzyme and the pH it requires to function at an optimum rate?
A.
B.
C.D.
Use the following diagram to answer question 34.
Z
34. Which indicated structure secretes a hormone which causes increased production of glycogen?
A. WB. XC. YD.Z
Enzyme pH
bile acidic
pepsin basic
trypsin basic
nuclease acidic
X
W
Y
Page 14 Biology 12 – 0708 Form
1. (4 marks)
Compare the chemical composition of the contents of the stomach one hour after eating a meal containing proteins, carbohydrates and fats, to the contents of the small intestine several hours later.
2.