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Rome Byzantine Islam Africa India
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2020
The era of peace and stability established
by the Roman Empire.
Pax Romana
What does Veto mean?
The power to block the actions of
another part of the government
How did Rome keep order in its conquered
territories?
Treating its defeated
enemies fairly
Describe a Republic.
Government without a king
where the officials are selected by the
people
Before Julius Caesar seized power, what
was a dictator.
A ruler appointed by the Senate to rule for
6 months during emergencies/war
In the Roman Republic who were the Tribunes?
Officials in charge of looking
out for the interests of the
plebeians
In the Roman Republic who were the Consuls?
Officials in charge of running the
government and commanding the
army
Roman roads helped unite the empire; how many miles did these
roads cover?
53,000 miles
Who was the first emperor of Rome?
Julius Caesar
Which emperor made Christianity the
official religion of the Roman Empire?
Constantine
What church did Justinian rebuild in
Constantinople?
He Rebuilt the Hagia Sophia?
What was the name of the new religion of the
Byzantine Empire?
The Eastern Orthodox
Christianity
What laws did Justinian rewrite for Byzantium?
Roman Laws became the
“Justinian Codes”
Did Justinian expand or contract the
Byzantine Empire?
He expanded the Byzantine
Empire.
What was unique about Constantinople’s
geography?
It was surrounded by water on three
sides
What is the difference between E. Orthodox and Roman Catholic
priests ability to marry?
Eastern Orthodox priests may marry,
Roman Catholic priest may not
Who is the head of the Eastern Orthodox
Church?
The Patriarch is head of the
Eastern Orthodox Church
What architectural achievement
contributed to Constantinople’s
defense?
A wall protecting the 4th side which wasn’t protected
by water.
What caused Constantinople to be a
center for cultural diffusion?
It’s location at the center of trade routes between
Europe and Asia
What was the cause of the
Great Schism?
The Byzantine Emperor didn’t want to be ruled by the Pope in
Rome
What is the Arabic word for “God?”
What is Allah?
What was the name of the angel who called Muhammad to be a messenger of God?
Gabriel
What was the name of the “city of the
prophet?”
Medina
The Muslim term for “struggle in God’s service.”
Jihad
A society where men hold legal and
moral authority.
Patriarchal
A temple in Mecca built by Abraham to
worship one true God.
Ka’aba
What does the word “Islam” mean?
To submit to God
To achieve salvation, Muslims perform acts of worship
known as…
The Five Pillars of Faith
One common aspect of Christianity, Judaism,
and Islam is:
Monotheism or the
belief in one God
The Muslim book of worship
is called
Quran(Koran)
How did geography and climate affect the
history of Africa?
Separate empires developed
throughout Africa
The spread of Islam into the kingdoms of
Ghana and Mali resulted from
Migration and Trade
Nubia developed in what part of
Africa?
Along the Upper Nile
River Valley
How did Ghana become so powerful?
It controlled the Gold-Salt
trade
How did Sunni Ali of Songhai differ from
other W. African rulers?
He was not Muslim
Axum’s location enabled it to trade with….
India, Arabia, and Asia
What was Mali’s relationship to
Ghana?
Ghana was replaced by
Mali
In Africa, why would the sources of salt be
located near the ocean?
The Atlantic Ocean is a good
source of salt
A major reason for Meroe’s success was
the ability of its people to make tools and weapons from
Iron
West African merchants were
willing to pay a high price for salt because
It was a scarce commodity in West Africa
River whose valley was the site if India’s first
civilization
Indus
India’s social structure that began under the Aryans
The caste system
The Aryans’ collection of sacred
knowledge.
The Vedas
This is the greatest, and longest Indian
Epic
Mahabharata
Major religion of India that developed slowly over a long
period of time.
Hinduism
Members of the lowest class in the
Indian social system
The Untouchables
Birth name of the founder
of Buddhism
Siddhartha Gautama
State of complete happiness and peace
in Buddhism
Nirvana
Most honored Mauryan ruler, who converted to
Buddhism and promoted peace.
Asoka
Name two of the three Hindu Trinity
Brahma
Vishnu
Shiva