MIDTERMREVIEWOFTHEIMPLEMENTATIONOFTHEVIENNAPROGRAMMEOFACTIONFORLLDCsFORTHE
DECADE2014‐2024INTHEEURO‐ASIANREGION
11‐12February2019,Bangkok,Thailand
AshishNarayan,ITURegionalOfficeforAsiaandthePacific
Meet us
What we doCoordinating radio‐frequency spectrum and assigning orbital slots for satellites
Bridging the digital divide
Establishing global standards
ITU at a glance
‘Committed to Connecting the World’
3Sectors
ITU Radiocommunication
ITU Standardization
ITU Development
193MEMBER STATES
+700INDUSTRY &
INTERNATIONALORGANIZATIONS
+150ACADEMIAMEMBERS MEMBERSHIP
Universal Broadband
Infrastructure Security
Emergency
IoT, Sensor Networks, GIS, Satellites
C&I
Health
Agriculture
Governance
Spectrum Management
Standards, Conformity & Interoperability
Digital InclusionSMARTSOCIETY
Green ICT & E‐Waste
Education
TransportCapacity Building
Electricity
Water
Finance
Measurements
Privacy & Security
Policy & Regulation
ApplicationsInvestment
ICTsaremoremulti‐sectoralimpactingmultiplesectors
17 Sustainable Development Goals
169 Targets
DigitaltransformationiskeytoachievingtheSDGs..
EstimatesoftheGlobalMarket:2015,2016,2017,2020
and2021
GrowthinNumberofUsersofMessagingandHybridNetworks,2011‐2017
865 operators investing in LTE, including pre‐commitment trials. 681 commercially launched LTE or LTE‐Advanced networks in 208 countries, including those
using LTE for FWA services, as well as 114 LTE‐TDD (TD‐LTE) networks launched in 60 countries.
156 commercial VoLTE networks in 76 countries and 229 operators investing in VoLTE in 107 countries.
261 launched networks that are LTE‐Advanced in 119 countries. Four launched networks that are capable of supporting user equipment (UE) at Cat‐18 DL
speeds (within limited geographic areas). 690–700 anticipated commercially launched LTE networks by end‐2018 (GSA forecast). 60 NB‐IoT and 18 LTE‐M/Cat‐M1 networks commercially launched with 57 other operators
investing in NB‐IoT and 26 other operators investing in LTE‐M/Cat‐M1 in the form of tests, trials or planned deployments.
154 operators that have been engaged in, are engaged in, plan to engage in, or have been licensed to undertake 5G demos, tests or trials of one or more constituent technologies.
67 telecom operators in 39 countries have announced intentions of making 5G available to their customers between 2018 and 2022
Report: Evolution from LTE to 5G, GSA
https://gsacom.com/
Mobilebroadband
Mobilebroadbandspeeds
Commercial 5G networks are expected to start deployment after 2020 as 5G standards are finalized.
By 2025, the GSM Association (GSMA) expects 5G connections to reach 1.1 billion, some 12 per cent of total mobile connections. It also forecasts overall operator revenues to grow at a CAGR of 2.5 per cent, to reach USD 1.3 trillion by 2025.
5G:16keyissuesforpolicy‐makerstoconsider
5G:16keyissuesforpolicy‐makerstoconsider
Source: NCTA.
Big data
Internet of Things
Artificial Intelligence
Cloud computing
Newdrivers:CloudComputing,IOT,AI,BIGDATA….
GlobalICTDevelopmentsandProgressinLLDCs(2013‐2017)
‐ The percentage of population covered by at least 3G network grew from 34.5 to 59.9.
‐ The percentage of population covered by a mobile‐cellular network grew from 84.5 to 89.0.
‐ Mobile‐cellular subscriptions per 100 inhabitants grew from 63.4 to 72.1.
‐ Active mobile‐broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants grew from 11.3 to 31.6.
‐ Fixed broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants grew from 1.1 to 2.3.
‐ The proportion of individuals using the Internet grew from 15.0 to 25.7.
‐ Fixed telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants slightly decreased from 3.8 to 3.7.
ProgressinLLDCs(2013‐2017)
Source: ITU.
Makingbroadbandaffordableisveryimportant
Fixed broadband services
Source: https://www.itu.int/itu-d/tnd-map-public/
AffordableHighSpeedBroadbandConnection:SubmarineCableandSatellites
Lack of direct access to sea a challenge for LLDCs
ITU:RegionalOfficeforAsiaandthePacific
Afghanistan
BangladeshBhutan
CambodiaLao, PDRNepal
MyanmarTimor Leste
Kiribati
Solomon Is.TuvaluVanuatu
FijiMaldivesMarshall IslandsMicronesiaNauru Tonga
Least Developed Countries (12)
PNG
SamoaD.P.R. Korea
IndiaIndonesia
MongoliaPakistanPhilippines
Sri LankaVietnam
Low‐Income States (10)
Small Islands Developing States (12)Small Islands Developing States (12)
AustraliaBrunei China/Hong KongIranJapanMalaysiaNew ZealandR.O. KoreaSingaporeThailand
The Rest (10)
Land Locked Developing Countries (5)
AfghanistanBhutanLao, PDRMongoliaNepal
WTDC‐17:ITUAsia‐PacificRegionalInitiativeandLLDC
ASP1: Addressing special needs of least developed countries, small island developing states, including Pacific island countries, and landlocked developing countriesObjective: To provide special assistance to least developed countries (LDCs), small island developing states (SIDS), including Pacific island countries, and landlocked developing countries (LLDCs) in order to meet their priority telecommunication/information and communication technology (ICT) requirements.
Expected results1) Development of policy and regulatory frameworks for broadband infrastructure, ICT applications and cybersecurity, taking into account the special needs of LDCs, SIDS and LLDCs, and strengthening of human capacity to address future policy and regulatory challenges.2) Promotion of universal access to telecommunications/ICTs in LDCs, SIDS, and LLDCs.3) Assistance to LDCs, SIDS and LLDCs in adopting telecommunication/ICT applications in disaster management, relating to disaster prediction, preparedness, adaptation, monitoring, mitigation, response, rehabilitation and recovery of telecommunication/ICT networks based on their priority needs.4) Assistance to LDCs, SIDS and LLDCs in their efforts to achieve internationally agreed goals, such as the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, theIstanbul Programme of Action for LDCs, the Samoa Pathway for SIDS and the Vienna Programme of Action for LLDCs.
WTDC‐17
RESOLUTION 16 (Rev. Buenos Aires, 2017)Special actions and measures for the least developed countries, small island developing states, landlocked developing countries and countries with economies in transition
RESOLUTION 30 (REV. DUBAI, 2018)Special measures for the least developed countries, small island developing states, landlocked developing countries and countries with economies in transition
PP‐18
ITUassistancestoLLDCsinAsia‐Pacific(Examples]
Examples
Afghanistan E‐agriculture strategy (with FAO), Cybersecurity training, Establishment of Internet Exchange, Mobile apps and Licensing framework training and books for ICTI , Policy on ICT for Persons with Disabilities, Migration from Analogue to Digital Broadcasting: Roadmap for DTTB , Quality of Service Regulation ,Establishment of Afghanistan Computer Emergency Response Team (AfCERT):
Bhutan IPv6 and IPv6 Infrastructure Security (with APNIC), National Cybersecurity Strategy, Consumer protection, Mobile apps framework, Compliance Testing of Mobile Base Stations and Broadcast stations , Wireless Broadband Master , Report on Efficient National Spectrum Management, Competition Regulation , E‐ Government framework
Lao PDR Cybersecurity, Regulatory framework for OTT, Spectrum Management System for Developing Countries (SMS4DC), Lao language based software platforms, Related capacity building programmes, Localization of ICT Applications and Tools
Mongolia Regulatory framework for digital applications, spectrum management master plan, IPv6 roadmap development (with APNIC), Digital financial services, Network costing training
Nepal Spectrum management, Cybercrime Legislation for Nepal and ITU‐INTERPOL‐UNODC joint training for Nepal Police and Law enforcement agencies , National Cybersecurity Policy and Child Online Protection, Nepal’s Telecommunications Regulatory Frameworks, Quality of Service for mobile, fixed and Internet ICT Framework for Persons with Disabilities, Wireless Broadband Master Plan for Nepal and National Broadband Policy
Challenges
One of the significant challenges of the LLDCs is linked to ICT connectivity. In this regard, ITU‐UNESCO Broadband Commission for sustainable development estimates that there is a need for a global investment of 450 billion dollars to bring 1.5 billion unconnected people online, which includes LLDCs. Further, the low interest to invest in the ICT sector in LLDCs poses a significant challenge to the furtherance of ICT connectivity in the LLDCs. As connectivity remains a great challenge and is among the reasons why people are not connected, studies have identified the lack of infrastructure to allow access, lack of affordability, the high cost of internet and the lack of digital literacy and content.
Other challenges LLDCs face include broadband costs as a share of gross national income much higher in LLDCs than coastal countries close to the submarine communications cable laid on the seabed. Satellite is an option for LLDCs as it is not restricted to the sea. However, the costs of satellite communication are high, and consequently, most of the LLDCs cannot afford this available option. Moreover, high vulnerability to external shocks and lack of effective implementation of ICT plans and policies on the ground remains a challenge.
Recommendations
Make connectivity an integral part of national sustainable development strategies, byincorporating national broadband plans into national development policies and frameworks in theLLDCs.
Improve reporting and infrastructure gap analysis to inform governments and investors better. Increase access to ICTs, facilitated by appropriate policies, legal and regulatory frameworks that
favor emerging new technologies that are appropriate, cost‐effective and more affordable. Establish ICT public‐private partnerships for viable business models, including long‐term
institutional investors, and encourage those partnerships to allocate a higher percentage ofinfrastructure in the LLDCs.
Improve partnerships between transit countries and landlocked countries. Promote universal service funds. Make ICTs/ broadband more affordable. Encourage infrastructure sharing. Create tax incentives. Promote trade, e‐commerce and small medium enterprises. Encourage increased ODA.
Thankyou