Midterm Science Review202

Chapter 1: Plants

Lesson 1: What Living Things Need

By Teacher Olivia

Vocabulary

1. ________: Bits of rock and soil that help plants and animals grow.

* Roots take in ____ from soil to help a plant make food.

2. ________: A gas found in the air we breathe.* When plants make food, they give off ______ into the air.

* People and animals need to breathe in _______ to live.

What do living things need?

All living things grow and change.

Animals Plants

space (to move) space (observe how they grow) breathe air air drink water water eat food food (minerals) shelter (make their own food)

How do plants make food?Things that plants need to make their own food are:

1) sunlight 2) air 3) water 4) minerals

3 parts of a plant to help make food1. Leaves: take in air and use sunlight to make food2. Stem: 1) holds up the plant. 2) It allows water and food to travel through the plant.

3. Roots: 1) hold the plant in the soil. 2) take in water and minerals. 3) store food for the plant. * Roots always grow down *

Midterm Review

Plants Lesson 2

Plants Make New Plants

Vocabulary

flower: part of a plant that makes seeds and fruit.

seed: part of a plant that can grow into a new plant.

pollen: a sticky power inside the flower that helps make seeds.

life cycle: shows how a living thing grow, lives, makes more of its own kind, and dies.

seedling: a young plant.

Seeds

• Seeds are made inside a flower, but sometimes a flower will grow seeds inside of a fruit.

• The fruit protects the seeds inside.• All seeds have seed coats or fruit to protect them

as they grow.• Sees have food inside them to help the new plant

grow.• There are many different shapes and sizes of

seeds.

Parts of Seeds

1. Seed coat:

a) thin covering

b) protects the seed

C) protect the seed from drying out

2. Shell: hard shells

3. Tiny plant: will grow bigger

4. Body part: store food and give food to the tiny plant

How do seeds travel?

1) Wind

2) Water

3) Animals: bugs and birds

3 ways of how seeds can travel to different plants or places.

How do seeds grow?

The plant life cycle begins with a seed. Seed (sprout) seedling (young plant) Adult plant • Most plants follow the same life cycle as their parent plants.• Different kinds of plants have different life cycles.

What do seeds need to grow? 1) a warm place 2) light 3) water 4) food

Midterm Review

Plants: Lesson 3

How Plants Are Alike and Different

Vocabulary

Trait: The way a living thing (plants or animals) look or act.

eg. acorn oak tree ; sunflower seed sunflower

* Young plants (offspring) and their parent plants might look different but will have the same shape of

1) flowers 2) petals 3) leaves

How do plants survive in different places?

Why do plants change? - to fit their environment (the place where they live). - to stay safe from animals - to stay safe from the weather

eg. Joshua tree @ desert (very dry place) have few or no leaves. store water in thick stems. eg. banana tree @ rainforest (very wet places) large leaves (help to get sunlight)

Midterm Science Review

Chapter 2: Animals

Lesson 1: Animal Groups

Animal Groups

Scientists Classify animals by putting them into 2 main groups.

Backbones < No Backbones (vertebrate) (invertebrate)

mammals reptile amphibians insect birds fish

Animals with Backbones

Mammals: 1) hair or fur

e.g. lions 2) feeds milk to its young

3) breathe through lungs

Amphibians: 1) moist skin

e.g. frogs 2) live both in water & on land

Birds: 1) feathers (only animal with feathers)

2) two wings and a beak

* Not all birds can fly, such a chicken

Animals with backbones

Fish: 1) live in water

2) gills to breathe

3) fins to swim

Reptiles: 1) scaly skin

e.g. lizard 2) cold-blooded

Animals without backbones

Insects: 1) 6 legs

2) 3 body parts

3) antennae: help them feel, taste & smell

4) hard outer shell: keep safe

Midterm Review

Animals: Lesson 2

Animals Grow and Change

Vocabulary

Life Cycle: tells how an animal starts life, grows to be an adult, has young, and dies.

Chicken Life Cycle

Egg – chicks (can feed themselves) – adult chicken* Male chicken: rooster ; female chicken: hen

Butterfly Life Cycle

Egg – larva – pupa – young butterfly – adult butterfly

(caterpillar)

vocabulary

Larva: the stage after an egg hatches• A caterpillar is the larva stage of the

butterfly.

Pupa: When a caterpillar is ready to change, it stops moving. Its skin becomes a hard shell.

How an animal life begins? Eggs Live babies amphibian mammals insects reptiles birds fish• Animals born out of an egg can survive on their own.

They can see, walk, and feed themselves after they hatch.• Animals born as live babies need parents to feed and care

for them.

Meet Nancy Simmons

She is a scientist who studies bats.She learn about what bats eat & where they live.Bats give birth to 1 baby at a time.Baby bat is called “pup” (small & pink with no hair)The pup gets milk from its mother and grow bigger.

Midterm Review

Animals: Lesson 3

Staying Alive

Vocabulary

Adaptation: is a body part or a way an animal acts that help it stay alive.

e.g. Giraffes have long necks (why?)

Camouflage- is a way that animals blend into their surroundings.- Keeps animals from being seen by their enemies.- 1) color & 2) shape of an animal helps it hide.* Can you find the chameleon in the second picture? Why do soldiers wear cloth like that in the third

picture.* Ptarmigan feathers change color in summer (brown), fall (turn white) and in winter (white to blend

with the snow).

How do animals stay safe?

Ways that animals can stay safe/staying alive:1. Stay in large groups. (fish)2. Migrate: leave their home in winter to be in a warm

place & to find food (birds)3. Hibernate: Sleep during the cold winter (bear)4. Hard shell: body parts to keep them safe. (turtle)5. Bad smell: protect them from other animals. (skunk)6. Use their colors or shapes to help hide. (leopard)

Study Hard & Good Luck