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Category Management Analysis
Conducted at
(Easy Day, Local Kirana Stores and Sweet shops)
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the requirements of the
Project to
Dwarika Prasad Uniyal
(Course Faculty)
On
(12th September 2013)
By
Piyush Raj & Pratik Vinod Gaokar
Students
Post Graduate Diploma in Management
IIM Kashipur
Project Title: Detailed Market Survey on consumption of Milk
(All types and Yogurt)
Background of the Researchers:
Piyush Raj, Engineer, National Institute Of Technology Surat
Pratik Vinod Gaokar, Engineer, D.J. Sanghvi Collage of Engineering
Course to which project belongs: Marketing Management-1
Term in which the Project is to be evaluated/ credited: Term-1
Executive Summary:
In an age where nutrition is increasingly seen as an appendage to daily living,
we tend to lose out on various vitamins and minerals.
For instance, most of us believe that milk only provides calcium and is only
meant for children. But did you know that, no matter the age, we can always
benefit from skimmed or low-fat milk varieties. And when picking which milk to
drink, there is lots of choice today. Today we're looking at the different types of
milk available in grocery stores and their health benefits.
As the world’s largest producer and consumer of milk products, India represents
one of the world’s most lucrative dairy markets.
Focus of the analysis:
o Buying behavior
o Price sensitivity
o Consumer awareness of value added products
o Brand loyalty and switching trends
o Potential of value added dairy products in India
Objective of your study:
Understanding the types of drinking milk and yogurt purchase pattern and behavior of
consumer at retail store by doing primary market research. Understating the market share
of the whole drinking milk industry and brand share. Understanding of the point of
purchase, time and frequency of purchase, method of purchase, response of consumer for
promotion.
Introduction:
Drinking milk products continued to gain popularity, with consumers becoming more aware of
their nutritional needs in 2012 and 2013.
Manufacturers such as Nestlé India launched and pushed new products including
fortified milk such as Nestlé A+ with the help of advertising campaigns.
With a huge push from the manufacturers, drinking milk products such as flavoured milk and soy
milk started to gain popularity amongst urban consumers over the review period such as
flavoured milk and soy milk started to gain popularity amongst urban consumers over the review
period.
In 2013, average unit price set to post 9% rise, largely due to increasing commodity inflation in
2012.
Constant value sales of drinking milk products expected to increase at a constant value CAGR of
6% to reach Rs604.1 billion by the end the forecast period.
Gujarat Co-operative Milk Marketing Federation set to rule drinking milk products with a value
share of 13.1% in 2012 and continuing with 13.3% value share in 2013.
Newer launches in flavoured milk drinks and fruit-based drinking milk are likely to get good
responses over the forecast period.
Flavoured milk drinks is the fastest growing milk product type and is expected to see the fastest
current value growth of 31% to reach Rs12.6 billion.
Drinking milk products continue to be marketed and sold in their usual glass bottles, plastic
pouches and Tetra Pak packaging across pan India.
Fresh/pasteurized milk continues to be the largest contributor to the value sales of drinking milk
products and is sold in plastic pouches mainly due to the affordability attached to it.
In addition, Tetra Pak continues to become significant – especially in urban areas, as it is
considered safer and more hygienic.
Trends:
In 2012, drinking milk products’ growth tapered down slightly compared to the review
period’s current value CAGR, to reach 16%. The faster growth during the review period was
due to the newer products such as soy milk and long-life/UHT milk, which had smaller bases
and gained significant sales over the past few years.
Flavoured milk drinks continued to be the fastest growing product, with current value growth
estimated to be 31% in 2012. Due to its availability in Indian flavours such as elaichi
(cardamom), badam (almonds), kesar (saffron) and thandai and the continued perception of
milk as being healthy, consumers continued to buy flavoured milk increasingly.
Fresh milk continues to enjoy huge popularity amongst rural and urban consumers across the
country. However, with growing convenience needs and safety demand coupled with the
increasing per capita incomes, long-life/UHT milk has started to gain popularity amongst
urban consumers. To leverage on the trend, manufacturers such as Parag Milk Foods have
started to join the likes of Amul, Nandini and Nestlé by introducing UHT milk in Tetra Paks.
Soy beverages and soy milk brands such as Sofit and Staeta continue to gain value sales at a
steady pace. Soy beverages, namely soy milk, is set to post current value growth of 20% in
2012, driven by health-conscious consumers and also attributed to the small base. Despite
high nutritional benefits that soy milk claims to offer, it did not grow as tremendously in
2011 and 2012 in terms of absolute value sales. Soy beverages are challenged by low
awareness, lack of efforts by manufacturers to promote the product and having higher prices
than other types of drinking milk products.
The unpackaged milk market remained significant across the country where most of the
consumers continue to be price sensitive and unaware of the safety associated with packaged
milk. However, drinking milk products have transformed from loose milk to packaged
(pouched) milk which continue to gain popularity. Further, consumption of long-life/UHT
milk has gained popularity amongst educated urban families where family members do not
have time to buy milk daily and instead purchase their groceries over the weekend.
COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE:
Gujarat Co-operative Milk Marketing Federation (GCMMF) under the brand Amul continues to
lead drinking milk products and is set to post a value share of 13% in 2012. Amul continues to
enjoy its established presence in dairy and trust that it has built amongst consumers over the
years. Further, the company has focused on strengthening its distribution by expanding retail
reach into rural and semi-urban India.
Most of the leading brands including Amul and Mother Dairy continued to maintain their value
shares in 2011 and 2012. GCMMF and National Dairy Development Board showed a steady
increase in their value sales mainly due to their growing penetration and distribution in tier II
cities.
Most of the dairy companies have launched value-added products such as flavoured milk, fruit-
based drinking milk, soy-based drinking milk, etc.
Domestic manufacturers including cooperatives continued to lead drinking milk products in 2011
and 2012. Since Indian consumers continued to be dependent on fresh milk largely, domestic
manufacturers with strong local distribution channels and strong local presence continued to rule.
Year 2011 and 2012 witnessed many launches in long-life/UHT milk by leading manufacturers
such as Nestlé India Pvt Ltd and domestic manufacturers such as Parag Milk Foods. In
September 2012, Parag Milk Foods made a foray into UHT milk by introducing Go Milk and Go
Slim and expanded its portfolio even further.
FUTURE PROSPECTS:
With consumers becoming nutrition consciousness and seeking convenient options, newer
products such as long-life/UHT milk and flavoured milk drinks are likely to gain more
popularity.
Flavoured milk drinks are likely to continue growing at the fastest rate over the forecast period
with consumers likely to become more health conscious. Further, manufacturers will play an
important role in pushing flavoured drinks to consumers by positioning such products as good for
health.
Average unit prices are expected to rise at a 1% constant value CAGR over the forecast period
due to increasing commodity inflation.
Drinking milk products – especially fresh/pasteurized milk, which constitutes the major bulk of
drinking milk products sales – will continue to be sold and marketed through milk parlors/ milk
booths of local dairy players. In addition, more companies will try to increase their presence in
not just big supermarkets but in smaller grocery stores to compete with the local domestic
players.
Local players such as Karnataka Cooperative Milk Producers Federation Ltd are likely to
introduce newer products such as flavoured milk to keep pace with the industry. Further, leading
players such as Gujarat Co-operative Milk Marketing Federation Ltd may introduce fortified
UHT milk and UHT skimmed milk to gain value shares.
Table 1: Sales of Drinking Milk Products by Category: Volume 2007-2012
Table 2: Sales of Drinking Milk Products by Category: Value 2007-2012
Table 3: Sales of Drinking Milk Products by Category:
(% Volume Growth (2007-2012))
Table 4: Sales of Drinking Milk Products by Category: % Value Growth 2007-2012
Table 5 Drinking Milk Products Company Shares 2008-2013
Table 6: Drinking Milk Products Brand Shares 2009-2013
Table 7 : Drinking Milk Products Prices 2009-2013
AMUL Vs. MOTHER DAIRY
Amul and Mother dairy are the two major players and top competitors with individual share of
13.6% and 11.3%.Both competitors offer variety of milk products(Drinking packaged milked,
UHT Tetra-packed Milk ,Diary whitener etc.)
In the research below we plan to analyze their Facebook campaigns, advertisement campaigns
and promotional and brand building strategies.
Amul Drinking Milk Product
Amul has covered all the milk product categories where it offers Amul Gold and Amul
Taza in Plastic packed Sachet Milk as well as in the form of Tetra Pack. Amul also offers
dairy whitener Milk Powder Amulaya and Sagar. Amul Spray is the brand used for Infant
Milk (Milk Powder for Babies) a category where it has captured 64% market share.
Amul Drinking Milk Products
Facebook Campaign
Amul Facebook campaigns are always related current affairs, ranging from politics,
and social media to sports which would feature the Amul girl adapted to that context,
with a catchy one-liner in the form of her opinion which actually would strike a chord
with the masses.
Campaign picture on Amul’s Facebook page after the statement of a Politician that
India we can still get food @Rs12 in India.
Campaign picture on 5th September 2013 when Popular Economist Raghuram
Rajan took over charge as the 26th RBI governor of India.
Campaign picture on 9th September 2013 when Indian Tennis Star Leander Pace
won US Open Title @ the age of 40.
Amul took humour route, to say ‘‘Eats milk with every meal’.
Amul’s Sponsorship
Amul has the history of partnerships for major sports events and was the official sponsor
of India Olympic team in London Olympics 2012.It had also sponsored F1 team “Sauber”
when first ever F1 race was organized on Indian Buddh Circuit.
Amul’s Olympic sponsorship campaign portraying different Athletic events.
Amul Campaign on Facebook when it sponsored F1 Sauber team when race was
conducted on Buddh Circulit India for the first time.
Amul sponsoring Netherland cricket team during World Cup 2011
Amul sponsoring popular TV show Masterchef which is worldwide know format for
cooking competition.
Amul Television Advertisement
Amul has been using the Tag line “Amul Dooth Peeta Hai India” (India Drinks Amul
Milk) in its all television commercials. Also the popular Amul girl which emotionally
connects to people directly and had been used for only Amul Butter earlier has been used
in all Amul products including Amul Milk. Amul targets different age group for Milk in
its television campaign. The commercial released in 2012 targeted age group of 5-10
years while the one televised in 2013 targets age group between 12-20 years
Snapshot from the Amul Commercial released in 2013
Mother Dairy Drinking Products
Unlike Amul which offers drinking milk in every milk category (Sachet Milk, Dairy
Whitener, Tetra Pack Milk) Mother dairy has concentrated on offering different varieties
of sachet Milk used for different purposes(Full Cream, Toned Milk, Standardized Milk,
Skimmed Milk etc.)Mother Dairy also offers milk in tetra pack.
Mother dairy products
Mother Dairy Campaign
Mother dairy initially started their advertisement campaign through their “Swaad
Pyaarka”(Taste of Love).Later on the campaign was changed to a popular one, “Maa
Jaise Koi Nahi” ( No one can replace the role that your mother plays). It highlights the
pivotal role that mother plays in our lives. The latest campaign moves from the health peg
to touch an emotional chord by portraying the unconditional love and care that a mother
has towards her child. The new positioning is a tribute to motherhood and the
communication revolves around relatable life situations depicting how children take their
mother’s love for granted, irrespective of their age. The objective is to gently remind the
kids of what all their mothers go through just to keep them happy, without ever expecting
anything in return. Mother Dairy also recently changed its packaging. The new look with
village graphics highlight the journey of milk – from the farm to consumers’ homes.
Mother Dairy Initial Campaign
Mother Dairy Outlets for Token Milk
Mother Dairy new campaign.
Yogurt:
Introduction
Yogurt or yoghurt or yoghourt is a fermented milk product produced by bacterial fermentation of
milk
Yogurt and sour milk products is expected to register a constant value CAGR of 18% to touch
Rs78.9 billion by the end of the forecast period
Gujarat Co-operative Milk Marketing Federation Ltd leads yoghurt and sour milk in 2011 and
2012.
Average unit prices increased due to rise in milk prices in 2012.
Drinking yogurt expected to see current value growth of 74% in 2012
Leading manufacturers focus on flavoured yogurt and probiotic yogurt
Current value sales of yoghurt and sour milk set to rise by 35% to reach Rs34.1 billion in 2012
Different brands of Yogurts
TRENDS:
With consumers increasingly demanding health and wellness and taste together, demand for
yoghurt and sour milk products grew tremendously over the review period. Consumers started to
accept and demand flavoured yogurt in Indian flavours including Mango, Pineapple and Vanilla.
Expect 2012 values sales growth of 35% for yogurt and sour milk products is in line with the
review period CAGR due to the strong growth in penetration year on year.
Driven by growing demand for health and wellness products, drinking yogurt continued to grow
at the fastest rate, and is expected to post a 74% rise in 2012. Interestingly, most of the drinking
yogurt brands in India are functional drinking yogurt with probiotics which are believed to be
good for health and hence continue to gain strength.
Average unit prices for yogurt and sour milk continued to increase in 2012 due to increase in the
raw prices of milk and milk fats. Average unit prices of drinking yoghurt and sour milk drinks are
only set to show a 6% increase in 2012. Many manufacturers including GCMMF and KMF
increased the prices of spoonable yogurt by Rs5/litre in 2012.
Though spoonable yogurt is set to constitute approximately 99% of the total yogurt value sales,
drinking yogurt continued to grow by 74% in 2012.
Leading companies such as GCMMF introduced flavoured yoghurts under the brand name
Flaavyo.To cash in the on growth of flavoured yogurt, Britannia Industries introduced flavoured
yogurt under the brand name Daily Fresh in September 2012.
Unpackaged yoghurt continues to account for significant volume sales of yoghurt and continued
to be prepared conventionally at home and in hotels as well. Unpackaged yogurt volume sales
continue to be quite strong in tier II cities and rural areas.
COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE:
Due to strong presence in conventionally popular spoonable yogurt, long-established dairy
players including local players continued to lead overall yogurt and sour milk products in 2011
and 2012.
Karnataka Cooperative Milk Producers Federation, Mother Dairy Fruit & Vegetable and Gujarat
Co-operative Milk Marketing Federation Ltd continued to control a value share of 49% in
yoghurt and sour milk drinks in 2012. However, other dairy players including Parag Milk & Milk
Products started to focus on introducing flavoured spoonable yogurt, which was a big success.
Reliance offers a private label yogurt “Dairy Lite”; however, managing a supply chain and
enduring proper distribution of private label products on a pan-India level where cold chain
infrastructure is non-existent continues to be a big challenge.
Some local brands have started to offer spoonable packed yogurt which is 25% cheaper than the
known brands such as Amul.
All of these manufacturers also made an effort to position flavoured yoghurt as a healthy dessert
or snack option, rather than just being a meal accompaniment in India.
New players such as Danone Food & Beverages India introduced different flavours Vanilla and
Mango, which clicked well amongst consumers in 2012. Danone introduced smaller packs
starting from Rs15, which addressed the affordability concerns that usually restricts consumers
from taking up any new product.
2011 and 2012 experienced a flood of launches with the majority of them being in flavoured
yogurt. For instance new brands including Flaavyo from Amul, and Danone flavoured yogurt
from Danone Food & Beverages.
Flexible packaging continues to be the most popular and common packaging type in yoghurt and
sour milk products. However, spoonable yoghurt is marketed and sold in packaged plastic cups
with aluminium paper tops. Spoonable yoghurt is available in different cup sizes including small,
medium and large In addition, sour milk drinks such as drinking yogurt is marketed in long
plastic cups that can stand on shelves.
PROSPECTS:
With an increasing number of consumers likely to switch to packaged yogurt products are likely
to grow tremendously over the forecast period.
Value sales growth is likely to witness a slowdown over the forecast period. Yogurt and sour
drinks are likely to grow by a constant value CAGR of 18%
Pro/pre biotic drinking yoghurt is expected to register the highest constant value CAGR due to its
small base over the forecast period as well. However, the overall growth of yoghurt and sour milk
drinks will be driven by growth in plain spoonable yoghurt which is the largest contributor to the
sales of this category.
Average unit prices are likely to grow over the forecast period driven by the increase in prices of
milk and milk fat. Further, increasing commodity inflation and prices of fuel will increase
transportation costs. Additionally, manufacturers will focus on introducing value-added yogurt
including fortified and flavoured yogurt which will drive the unit prices even further over the
forecast period.
Local milk booths and milk parlours will continue to remain a significant sales channel for
distribution of yogurt and sour milk products.
Leading companies are likely to introduce value-added yogurt and sour milk drinks over the
forecast period. Companies will focus on adding flavours and fortifying products with vitamins to
attract health-conscious consumers. Additionally, companies will introduce yogurt products at
lower price points to penetrate tier II and tier III cities over the forecast period.
Most of the new product launches were well received in 2011 and 2012 and are also likely to do
well over the forecast period. New launches such as Danone’s Fundooz targeting children have
received an overwhelming response. Further, yogurt is likely to witness the entry of more
international manufacturers over the forecast period.
Table 7: Yogurt and Sour Milk Brand Share 2008-2013
Field Work
Easy Day:
First destination for our local market survey was Easy Day. We were denied from taking
interview of customers and Easy Day employees. On our request they allowed us to examine the
products available in milk category.
Following Milk products are available in this superstore:
S No. Type Of Milk Packaging Price
1 Sofit Soya Milk Tetrapack (1 ltr) 90
2 Amul Tazaa Tetrapack (1 ltr) 44
3 Nestle A+ Tetrapack (1 ltr) 61
4 Nestle Skimmed Milk Tetrapack (1 ltr) 64
5 Amul Gold Tetrapack (1 ltr) 51
6 Britania Dairy Whitener Pack (200 gms) 57
7 Nestle Everyday Dairy Whitener
Pack (200 gms) 74
8 Amul Kool Flavored Milk Can (250 ml) 30
Note: Sachet milk (plastic pack) is not available in this store.
As per conversation with the shopkeeper Amul is the most favored brand in the market and is
widely demanded by the customers at superstore.
Snapshot of the UHT Tertrapack and dairy Whitener in Easy day
Snapshot of the Flavoured Milk in Easy day
Snapshot of the Soya Milk Milk in Easy day
Local Kirana Stores:
We covered 3 kirana stores present in different locations of Kashipur to have detailed customer
preferences and demand in the market of various types of milk.
Generally people prefer to buy sachet milk for daily use. This sachet comes in pack of 500 ml. In
case of emergency or non-availability of sachet milk people prefer to buy Tetra pack milk which
is generally higher in price. During festive season and in March every year ( Fair in Kashipur),
the demand of milk goes up which results to increase in sales of sachet milk as well as Tetra pack
milk.
Two local brands of sachet milk is available in Kashipur market and surrounding.
1. Aanchal Milk
2. Gopal ji Milk
Aanchal Milk occupies major chunk of market. It is available on all major Kirana stores and milk
booths. Shopkeeper added that brands like Amul and Mother dairy failed to eastablished as the
Brand Achal was cheaper and with same quality
Price per Liter(Aanchal) : Rs34/- Price per Liter(Amul) : Rs42/-
Snapshot of the UHT Tertrapack and its shelfspace in Local Kirana Market
Snapshot of flavoured Milk and Packed Sachet Milk in Local Kirana Market
Snapshot of research @ Local Kirana Market
Sweet Shop and Restaurant: One of the main consumers of milk is generally sweet shops and restaurants. So we covered some
shops regarding their consumption and choice of type of milk they prefer. Since they have large
daily consumption, they buy milk from local dairy farms. During festive seasons due to shortage
of milk, sometimes they have to switch to Sachet and Tetra pack milk.
Earlier they use to buy milk from Aanchal milk distributors, but with the change of new
distributors they prefer not to buy the Achal Milk and prefer Dairy Farm Milk
Snapshot of research @ Sweet Shop
Customer Interview
When asked a customer who bought Aanchal milk as to why did he buy the brand said he is
satisfied with the quality.
He also added that he does not much option to choose from and Aanchal is a monopoly in
Kashipur but provides milk at reasonable and cheaper rate than the other well established brands.
When asked about whether he buys tetra packed milk he said he would buy it only during
emergencies and when the consumption of milk is immediate after purchase so that he does not
have to boil the milk and saves his time.
Online Survey:
We did online survey to analyze the brand preferences for milk .The survey had different
parameters in which we asked people regarding the type and brand of milk they consume. Also
the survey asked whether people have consumed yogurt and if yes then which brand of yogurt
they consumed. 94 people responded to the survey and below are some of the key highlights of
the research.
Brand Preference:
54.58 % people said they prefer Amul Milk followed by 13.14% people who prefer Mother
Dairy. Hence Amul emerges as the clear winner in the market survey that was done.
10% people prefer to buy fresh milk from local dairy shop and local dairy shop delivers the milk
at their home daily.
Full cream,tonned and standardized milk where the most categories of the milk preferd by the
survey respodendts.
68% of the people said they have consumed yogurt earlier while 23% said they never consumed
yogurt but are aware of it while 5% people did not heard of yogurt before.
Close to 50% people who consumed yogurt earlier prefer Yogurt from Amul while 30% people
have consumed yogurt by Mother dairy.
Inference and conclusion:
Fresh milk continues to enjoy huge popularity amongst rural and urban consumers across the
country. However, with growing convenience needs and safety demand coupled with the
increasing per capita incomes, long-life/UHT milk has started to gain popularity amongst urban
consumers. This led to the introduction of Tetra pack milk which has life of about six months
after production.
The unpackaged milk market remained significant across the country where most of the
consumers continue to be price sensitive and unaware of the safety associated with packaged
milk. Most of the rural areas consume unpackaged milk.
Gujarat Co-operative Milk Marketing Federation (GCMMF) under the brand Amul continues to
lead drinking milk products across India and has penetrated into urban as well as rural market.
Considering local market of milk, various regions have local players who generally dominate in
meeting demand of particular region, like Aanchal in Uttarkhand, Parag in Uttar Pradesh, Saras in
Rajasthan.
Most of the dairy companies have launched value-added products such as flavoured milk, fruit-
based drinking milk, soy-based drinking milk, etc. Flavoured milk drinks are likely to continue
growing at the fastest rate over the forecast period with consumers likely to become more health
conscious. They are easily available in all stores, restaurant, kirana shops.