MILSTEIN, ADELMAN, JACKSON, FAIRCHILD & WADE, LLP

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CLASS ACTION COMPLAINT

MILSTEIN, ADELMAN, JACKSON, FAIRCHILD & WADE, LLP Gillian L. Wade, Bar No. 229124 [email protected] 10250 Constellation Blvd. Los Angeles, CA 90067 Tel: (310) 396-9600 NEWPORT TRIAL GROUP A Professional Corporation Scott J. Ferrell, Bar No. 202091 [email protected] Richard H. Hikida, Bar No. 196149 [email protected] David W. Reid, Bar No. 267382 [email protected] Victoria C. Knowles, Bar No. 277231 [email protected] 4100 Newport Place, Ste. 800 Newport Beach, CA 92660 Tel: (949) 706-6464 Fax: (949) 706-6469 Attorneys for Plaintiff

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

MATTHEW LOPEZ, individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated,

Plaintiff,

v. CASKERS, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company; and DOES 1 – 10, inclusive,

Defendants.

Case No. ___________________ CLASS ACTION COMPLAINT FOR: 1. VIOLATIONS OF CALIFORNIA’S

AUTOMATIC RENEWAL LAW (BUSINESS AND PROFESSIONS CODE §§ 17600-17604); and

2. VIOLATIONS OF CALIFORNIA’S UNFAIR COMPETITION LAW (BUSINESS AND PROFESSIONS CODE §§ 17200-17204).

'16CV0837 RBBLAB

Case 3:16-cv-00837-LAB-RBB Document 1 Filed 04/07/16 Page 1 of 25

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Plaintiff Matthew Lopez (“Plaintiff”), on behalf of himself and all others similarly

situated, complains and alleges as follows:

INTRODUCTION & OVERVIEW OF CLAIMS

1. Plaintiff brings this class action on behalf of himself and a class of others

similarly situated consisting of all persons in California who, within the applicable

statute of limitations period, purchased subscriptions for any products (such as

Defendant’s “Explorer” alcohol subscription program) from Caskers, LLC (“Caskers”

or “Defendant”). The class of others similarly situated to Plaintiff is referred to herein

as “Class Members.” The claims for damages, restitution, injunctive and/or other

equitable relief, and reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs arise under California

Business and Professions Code (hereinafter “Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code”) §§ 17602,

17603, and 17604) and 17200, et seq., and California Code of Civil Procedure § 1021.5.

Plaintiff and Class Members are consumers for purposes of Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code §§

17600-17606.

2. During the Class Period, Defendant made automatic renewal or continuous

service offers to consumers in and throughout California and (a) at the time of making

the automatic renewal or continuous service offers, failed to present the automatic

renewal offer terms or continuous service offer terms, in a clear and conspicuous

manner and in visual proximity to the request for consent to the offer before the

subscription or purchasing agreement was fulfilled in violation of Cal. Bus. & Prof.

Code § 17602(a)(l); (b) charged Plaintiff’s and Class Members’ credit or debit cards,

or third-party account (hereinafter “Payment Method”) without first obtaining

Plaintiff’s and Class Members’ affirmative consent to the agreement containing the

automatic renewal offer terms or continuous service offer terms in violation of Cal.

Bus. & Prof. Code§ 17602(a)(2); and (c) failed to provide an acknowledgment that

includes the automatic renewal or continuous service offer terms, cancellation policy,

and information regarding how to cancel in a manner that is capable of being retained

by the consumer in violation of Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17602(a)(3). As a result, all


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goods, wares, merchandise, and/or products sent to Plaintiff and Class Members under

the automatic renewal of continuous service agreements are deemed to be an

unconditional gift pursuant to Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17603.

3. As a result of the above, Plaintiff, on behalf of himself and Class

Members, seeks damages, restitution, declaratory relief, injunctive relief and reasonable

attorneys’ fees and costs pursuant to Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code, §§ 17603, 17203, and

17204, and Code of Civil Procedure § 1021.5.

JURISDICTION AND VENUE

4. This Court has diversity jurisdiction over this class action pursuant to 28

U.S.C. § 1332 as amended by the Class Action Fairness Act of 2005 because the

amount in controversy exceeds five million dollars ($5,000,000.00), exclusive of

interest and costs, and is a class action in which some members of the class are citizens

of different states than Defendant. See 28 U.S.C. § 1332(d)(2)(A).

5. This Court also has personal jurisdiction over Defendant because

Defendant currently does business in this state.

6. Venue is proper in this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1391 because

Defendant is subject to personal jurisdiction in this District and a substantial portion of

the conduct complained of herein occurred in this District.

PARTIES

7. Plaintiff purchased a subscription plan from Defendant in California

during the Class Period. Plaintiff and Class Members are consumers as defined under

Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17601(d).

8. Defendant Caskers, LLC is a Delaware limited liability company.

Defendant operates throughout California and the United States and has done business

throughout California at all times during the Class Period. Also during the Class

Period, Defendant made, and continues to make, automatic renewal or continuous

service offers to consumers in California. Defendant operates a website which markets

alcohol subscriptions.


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9. The true names and capacities of the Defendants sued herein as DOES 1

through 10, inclusive, are currently unknown to Plaintiff, who therefore sues such

Defendants by fictitious names. Each of the Defendants designated herein as a DOE is

legally responsible for the unlawful acts alleged herein. Plaintiff will seek leave of

Court to amend this Complaint to reflect the true names and capacities of the DOE

Defendants when such identities become known.

10. At all relevant times, each and every Defendant was acting as an agent

and/or employee of each of the other Defendants and was acting within the course

and/or scope of said agency and/or employment with the full knowledge and consent of

each of the Defendants. Each of the acts and/or omissions complained of herein were

alleged and made known to, and ratified by, each of the other Defendants (Caskers,

LLC and DOE Defendants will hereafter collectively be referred to as “Defendant”).

FACTUAL BACKGROUND

California Business Professions Code §§ 17600-17606

11. On December 1, 2010, sections 17600-17606 of the Cal. Bus. & Prof.

Code came into effect. The Legislature’s stated intent for this Article was to end the

practice of ongoing charges to consumers’ Payment Methods without consumers’

explicit consent for ongoing shipments of a product or ongoing deliveries of service.

See Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17600.

12. Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17602(a) makes it unlawful for any business

making an automatic renewal or continuous service offer to a consumer in this state to

do any of the following:

i) Fail to present the automatic renewal offer terms or continuous service offer terms in a clear and conspicuous manner before the subscription or purchasing agreement is fulfilled and in visual proximity, or in the case of an offer conveyed by voice, in temporal proximity, to the request for consent to the offer.

ii) Charge the consumer's credit or debit card or the consumer’s

account with a third party for an automatic renewal or


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continuous service without first obtaining the consumer's affirmative consent to the agreement containing the automatic renewal offer terms or continuous service offer terms.

iii) Fail to provide an acknowledgment that includes the

automatic renewal or continuous service offer terms, cancellation policy, and information regarding how to cancel in a manner that is capable of being retained by the consumer. If the offer includes a free trial, the business shall also disclose in the acknowledgment how to cancel and allow the consumer to cancel before the consumer pays for the goods or services.

13. Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17601(a) defines the term “Automatic renewal”

as a “plan or arrangement in which a paid subscription or purchasing agreement is

automatically renewed at the end of a definite term for a subsequent term.”

14. Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17601(b) defines the term “Automatic renewal

offer terms” as “the following clear and conspicuous disclosures: (1) That the

subscription or purchasing agreement will continue until the consumer cancels. (2) The

description of the cancelation policy that applies to the offer. (3) The recurring charges

that will be charged to the consumer’s credit or debit card or payment account with a

third party as part of the automatic renewal plan or arrangement, and that the amount of

the charge may change, if that is the case, and the amount to which the charge will

change, if known. (4) The length of the automatic renewal term or that the service is

continuous, unless the length of the tern is chosen by the consumer. (5) The minimum

purchase obligation, if any.”

15. Pursuant to Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17601(c), “clear and conspicuous” or

“clearly and conspicuously’’ means “in larger type than the surrounding text, or in

contrasting type, font, or color to the surrounding text of the same size, or set off from

the surrounding text of the same size by symbol ls or other marks, in a manner that

clearly calls attention to the language.”

16. Section 17602(b) provides: “A business making automatic renewal or

continuous service offers shall provide a toll-free telephone number, electronic mail

address, a postal address only when the seller directly bills the consumer, or another


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cost-effective, timely, and easy-to-use mechanism for cancellation that shall be

described in the acknowledgment specified in paragraph (3) of subdivision (a).”

17. Section 17603 of Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code provides: “In any case in which a

business sends any goods, wares, merchandise, or products to a consumer, under a

continuous service agreement or automatic renewal of a purchase, without first

obtaining the consumer’s affirmative consent as described in Section 17602, the goods,

wares, merchandise, or products shall for all purposes be deemed an unconditional gift

to the consumer, who may use or dispose of the same in any manner he or she sees fit

without any obligation whatsoever on the consumer’s part to the business, including.

but not limited to, bearing the cost of, or responsibility for, shipping any goods, wares,

merchandise, or products to the business.”

Defendant’s Business

18. Defendant offers subscriptions for alcohol deliveries. Some of

Defendant’s alcohol delivery plans constitute automatic renewal and/or continuous

service plans or arrangement for the purposes of Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17601.

Defendant’s Terms of Service

19. During the Class Period, Defendant’s webpage, found at

www.caskers.com, contained a document entitled “Terms of Service.” This is a lengthy

document that fails to set forth in specific terms, the information concerning the

recurring nature of Defendant’s subscription programs and the manner in which the

subscriptions may be modified or cancelled. Additionally, and more importantly, the

terms are not set forth where a prospective subscriber finalizes a purchase. Indeed, that

page does not note that the subscription will be renewed automatically until canceled.

Defendant’s Terms of Service Fail to Provide Clear and Conspicuous Disclosures

As Required by Law.

20. Within the Terms of Service, Defendant failed to state in clear and

conspicuous language (i.e., in larger type than the surrounding text, or in contrasting

type, font, or color to the surrounding text of the same size, or set off from the


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surrounding text of the same size by symbols of other marks, in a manner that clearly

calls attention to the language) that:

i) The subscription or purchasing agreement will continue until the

consumer cancels;

ii) Describes the cancellation policy that applies to the offer;

iii) Recurring charges that will be charged to the consumer’s Payment

Method account with a third party as part of the automatic renewal

plan or arrangement, and that the amount of the charge may change,

if that is the case, and the amount to which the charge will change, if

known; and

iv) The length of the automatic renewal term or that the service is

continuous unless the length of tile term is chosen by the consumer.

Defendant Failed to Present the Automatic Renewal Offer Terms or Continuous

Service Offer Terms in a Clear and Conspicuous Manner Before the Subscription

or Purchasing Agreement was Fulfilled and in Visual Proximity to the Request for

Consent to the Offer in Violation of Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § l7602(a)(l).

21. During the Class Period, Defendant made, and continues to make, an

automatic renewal offer for its subscriptions plans to consumers throughout California,

including Plaintiff and Class Members. On the pages of Defendant’s website where the

potential subscriber ultimately is invited to “add to cart” and “place my order”, the

automatic renewal offer terms or continuous service offer terms as defined by Cal. Bus.

& Prof. Code § 17601(b) are not included.

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22. As a result, prior to charging Plaintiff and Class Members, Defendant

failed, and continues to fail, to obtain Plaintiff’s and Class Members’ affirmative

consent to any language containing any automatic renewal offer terms or continuous

service offer terms as defined by Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17601(b).

23. Because of Defendant’s failure to gather affirmative consent to the

automatic renewal terms, all services provided to Plaintiff and Class Members under

the automatic renewal or continuous service agreement are deemed to be an

unconditional gift pursuant to Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17603, and Plaintiff and Class


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Members may use or dispose of the same in any manner they see fit without any

obligation whatsoever on their part to Defendant, including, but not limited to, bearing

the cost of, or responsibility for, Defendant’s services and products.

Defendant Failed to Provide an Acknowledgment as Required by Cal. Bus. &

Prof. Code §§ 17602(a)(3) and 17602(b)

24. Furthermore, and in addition to the above, after Plaintiff and Class

Members subscribed to one of Defendant’s subscription plans, Defendant sent to

Plaintiff and Class Members documents entitled “Yes! Your Caskers Order is

Confirmed”, but has failed, and continues to fail, to provide an acknowledgement that

includes the automatic renewal or continuous service offer terms, cancellation policy,

and information on how to cancel in a manner that is capable of being retained by

Plaintiff and Class Members in violation of Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17602(a)(3).

Moreover, Defendant failed to provide Plaintiff and Class Members with an

acknowledgement regarding how to cancel the subscription and allow Plaintiff and

Class Members to cancel before payment, as required by Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code §

17602(b).

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CLASS ACTION ALLEGATIONS

25. Plaintiff brings this action, on behalf of himself and all others similarly

situated, as a class action pursuant to Rule 23(a) of the Federal Rules of Civil

Procedure. The proposed Class (the “Class”) that Plaintiff seeks to represent is

composed of and defined as:

“All persons within California that, within the applicable statute of

limitations period, purchased any product or service in response to an

offer constituting an “Automatic Renewal” as defined by § 17601(a)

from Caskers, LLC its predecessors, or its affiliates.”

26. This action is brought and may be properly maintained as a class action

pursuant to the provisions of Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 23(a)(1)-(4) and 23(b)(1)-


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(3). This action satisfies the numerosity, typicality, adequacy, predominance and

superiority requirements of those provisions.

27. [Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(a)(1)] The Class is so numerous that the individual

joinder of all of its members is impractical. While the exact number and identities of

Class members are unknown to Plaintiff at this time and can only be ascertained

through appropriate discovery, Plaintiff is informed and believes the Class includes

hundreds of thousands of members. Plaintiff alleges that the Class may be ascertained

by the records maintained by Defendant.

28. [Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(a)(2)] Common questions of fact and law exist as to all

members of the Class which predominate over any questions affecting only individual

members of the Class. These common legal and factual questions, which do not vary

from class member to class member, and which may be determined without reference to

the individual circumstances of any class member, include, but are not limited to, the

following:

i) (a) Whether Defendant failed to present the automatic renewal offer

terms, or continuous service offer terms, in a clear and conspicuous

manner before the subscription or purchasing agreement was

fulfilled and in visual proximity to the request for consent to the

offer in violation of Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17602(a)(l);

ii) Whether Defendant failed to provide an acknowledgment that

describes a cost-effective, timely, and easy-to-use mechanism for

cancellation in violation of Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17602(b);

iii) Whether Defendant charged Plaintiff’s and Class Members’

Payment Method for an automatic renewal or continuous service

without first obtaining the Plaintiff’s and Class Members’

affirmative consent to the Terms of Service containing the automatic

renewal offer terms or continuous service offer terms in violation of

Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code§ 17602(a)(2);


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iv) Whether Defendant failed to provide an acknowledgement that

included the automatic renewal or continuous service offer terms,

cancellation policy, and information on how to cancel in a manner

that is capable of being retained by Plaintiff and Class Members, in

violation of Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17602(a)(3);

v) Whether Defendant’s Terms of Service contained the automatic

renewal offer terms and/or continuous service offer terms as defined

by Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § l760l;

vi) Whether Plaintiff and the Class Members are entitled to restitution

of money paid in circumstances where the goods and services

provided by Defendant are deemed an unconditional gift in

accordance with Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code§ 17603;

vii) Whether Plaintiff and Class Members are entitled to restitution in

accordance with Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code §§ 17200, 17203;

viii) Whether Plaintiff and Class Members are entitled to attorneys’ fees

and costs under California Code of Civil Procedure § 1021.5; and

ix) The proper formula(s) for calculating the restitution owed to Class

Members.

29. [Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(a)(3)] Plaintiff’s claims are typical of the claims of the

members of the Class. Plaintiff and all members of the Class have sustained injury and

are facing irreparable harm arising out of Defendant’s common course of conduct as

complained of herein. The losses of each member of the Class were caused directly by

Defendant’s wrongful conduct as alleged herein.

30. [Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(a)(4)] Plaintiff will fairly and adequately protect the

interests of the members of the Class. Plaintiff has retained attorneys experienced in the

prosecution of class actions, including complex consumer and mass tort litigation.

31. [Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(b)(3)] A class action is superior to other available

methods of fair and efficient adjudication of this controversy, since individual litigation


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of the claims of all Class members is impracticable. Even if every Class member could

afford individual litigation, the court system could not. It would be unduly burdensome

to the courts in which individual litigation of numerous issues would proceed.

Individualized litigation would also present the potential for varying, inconsistent, or

contradictory judgments and would magnify the delay and expense to all parties and to

the court system resulting from multiple trials of the same complex factual issues. By

contrast, the conduct of this action as a class action, with respect to some or all of the

issues presented herein, presents fewer management difficulties, conserves the

resources of the parties and of the court system, and protects the rights of each Class

member.

32. [Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(b)(1)(A)] The prosecution of separate actions by

thousands of individual Class members would create the risk of inconsistent or varying

adjudications with respect to, among other things, the need for and the nature of proper

notice, which Defendant must provide to all Class members.

33. [Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(b)(1)(B)] The prosecution of separate actions by

individual class members would create a risk of adjudications with respect to them that

would, as a practical matter, be dispositive of the interests of the other Class members

not parties to such adjudications or that would substantially impair or impede the ability

of such non-party Class members to protect their interests.

34. [Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(b)(2)] Defendant has acted or refused to act in respects

generally applicable to the Class, thereby making appropriate final injunctive relief with

regard to the members of the Class as a whole.

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FIRST CAUSE OF ACTION

FAILURE TO PRESENT AUTOMATIC RENEWAL OFFER TERMS OR

CONTINUOUS SERVICE OFFER TERMS CLEARLY AND

CONSPICUOUSLY AND IN VISUAL, PROXIMITY TO THE REQUEST FOR

CONSENT OFFER (CAL. BUS. & PROF. CODE§ 17602(a)(l))

(By Plaintiff, on his own behalf and on behalf of the Class, against All Defendants)

35. The foregoing paragraphs are alleged herein and are incorporated herein

by reference.

36. Cal. Bus. Prof. Code§ 17602(a)(1) provides:

(a) It shall be unlawful for any business making an automatic renewal or continuous service offer to a consumer in this state to do any of the following:

(l) Fail to present the automatic renewal offer terms or continuous service offer terms in a clear and conspicuous manner before the subscription or purchasing agreement is fulfilled and in visual proximity, or in the case of an offer conveyed by voice, in temporal proximity, to the request for consent to the offer.

37. Defendant failed to present the automatic renewal offer terms, or

continuous service offer terms, in a clear and conspicuous manner and in visual

proximity the request for consent to the offer before the subscription or purchasing

agreement was fulfilled.

38. As a result of Defendant’s violations of Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code §

§17602(a)(l), Defendant is subject under Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17604 to all civil

remedies that apply to a violation of Article 9, of Chapter l, of Part 3, of Division 7 of

the Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code.

39. Plaintiff, on behalf of himself and Class Members, requests relief as

described below.

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SECOND CAUSE OF ACTION

FAILURE TO OBTAIN CONSUMER’S AFFIRMATIVE CONSENT

BEFORE THE SUBSCRIPTION IS FULFILLED

(CAL BUS. & PROF. CODE §§ 17602(a)(2) and 17603)



by reference.

41. Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17602(a)(2) provides:


(2) Charge the consumer’s credit or debit card or the consumer’s account with a third party for an automatic renewal or continuous service without first obtaining the consumer’s affirmative consent to the agreement containing the automatic renewal offer terms or continuous service offer terms.

42. Defendant charged, and continues to charge Plaintiff’s and Class

Members’ Payment Method for an automatic renewal or continuous service without

first obtaining Plaintiff’s and Class Members affirmative consent to the Terms of

Service purportedly containing the automatic renewal offer terms or continuous service

offer terms.

43. As a result of Defendant’s violations of Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code §

17602(a)(2), Defendant is liable to provide restitution to Plaintiff and Class Members

under Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17603.


described below.

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THIRD CAUSE OF ACTION

FAILURE TO PROVIDE ACKNOWLEDGMENT

WITH AUTOMATIC RENEWAL TERMS AND

INFORMATION REGARDING CANCELLATION POLICY

(CAL. BUS. & PROF. CODE §§ 17602(a)(3), 17602(b))



by reference.

46. Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code§ 17602(a)(3) provides:


(3) Fail to provide an acknowledgment that includes the automatic renewal or continuous service offer terms, cancellation policy, and information regarding how to cancel in a manner that is capable of being retained by the consumer. If the offer includes a free trial, the business shall also disclose in the acknowledgment how to cancel and allow the consumer to cancel before the consumer pays for the goods or services.

Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17602(b) provides:

“A business making automatic renewal or continuous service offers shall provide a toll-free telephone number, electronic mail address, a postal address only when the seller directly bills the consumer, or another cost-effective, timely, and easy-to-use mechanism for cancellation that shall be described in the acknowledgment specified in paragraph (3) of subdivision (a).”

47. Defendant failed to provide an acknowledgement that includes the

automatic renewal or continuous service offer terms, cancellation policy, and

information on how to cancel in a manner that is capable of being retained by Plaintiff

and Class Members.

48. As a result of Defendant’s violations of Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code §§

17602(a)(3) and 17602(b), Defendant is subject to all civil remedies under Cal. Bus. &


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Prof. Code § 17604 that apply to a violation of Article 9, of Chapter 1 of Part 3, of

Division 7 of the Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code.


described below.

FOURTH CAUSE OF ACTION

VIOLATION OF THE UNFAIR COMPETITION LAW

(CAL. BUS. & PROF. CODE§ 17200 et. seq.)



by reference.

51. Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17200, et seq. (the “UCL”) prohibits unfair

competition in the form of any unlawful or unfair business act or practice. Cal. Bus. &

Prof. Code § 17204 allows “a person who has suffered injury in fact and has lost money

or property” to prosecute a civil action for violation of the UCL. Such a person may

bring such an action on behalf of himself or herself and others similarly situated who

are affected by the unlawful and/or unfair business practice or act.

52. Since December l, 2010, and continuing to the present, Defendant has

committed unlawful and/or unfair business acts or practices as defined by the UCL, by

violating Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code §§ 17602(a)(1), 17602(a)(2), 17602(a)(3), and

17602(b). The public policy which is a predicate to a UCL action under the unfair

prong of the UCL is tethered to a specific statutory provision. See Cal. Bus. & Prof.

Code §§ 17600, 17602.

53. As a direct and proximate result of Defendant’s unlawful, and/or unfair

acts and practices described herein, Defendant has received, and continues to hold,

unlawfully obtained property and money belonging to Plaintiff and Class Members in

the form of payments made for subscription agreements by Plaintiff and Class

Members. Defendant has profited from its unlawful and/or unfair acts and practices in

the amount of those business expenses and interest accrued thereon.


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54. Plaintiff and similarly-situated Class Members are entitled to restitution

pursuant to Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17203 for all monies paid by Class Members

under the subscription agreements from December 1, 2010, to the date of such

restitution at rates specified by law. Defendant should be required to disgorge all the

profits and gains it has reaped and restore such profits and gains to Plaintiff and Class

Members, from whom they were unlawfully taken.

55. Plaintiff and similarly situated Class Members are entitled to enforce all

applicable penalty provisions pursuant to Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17202, and to obtain

injunctive relief pursuant to Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17203.

56. Plaintiff has assumed the responsibility of enforcement of the laws and

public policies specified herein by suing on behalf of himself and other similarly-

situated Class Members. Plaintiff’s success in this action will enforce important rights

affecting the public interest. Plaintiff will incur a financial burden in pursuing this

action in the public interest. An award of reasonable attorneys’ fees to Plaintiff is thus

appropriate pursuant to California Code of Civil Procedure§ 1021.5.

57. Plaintiff, on behalf of himself and Class Members, request relief as

described below.

PRAYER FOR RELIEF

WHEREFORE, Plaintiff requests the following relief:

A. That the Court determine that this action may be maintained as a class

action under Rule 23(a) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, and define the Class as

requested herein;

B. That the Court find and declare that Defendant has violated Cal. Bus. &

Prof. Code § 17602(a)(1) by failing to present the automatic renewal offer terms, or

continuous service offer terms, in a clear and conspicuous manner and the visual

proximity to the request for consent to the offer before the subscription or purchasing

agreement was fulfilled;

/ / /


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C. That the Court find and declare that Defendant has violated Cal. Bus. &

Prof. Code § 17602(b) by failing to provide an acknowledgment that describes a toll-

free telephone number, electronic mail address, a postal address only when the seller

directly bills the consumer, or another cost-effective, timely, and easy-to-use

mechanism for cancellation.

D. That the Court find and declare that Defendant has violated Cal. Bus. &

Prof. Code § 17602(a)(2) by charging Plaintiff’s and Class Members’ Payment Method

without first obtaining their affirmative consent to the Terms of Service containing the

automatic renewal offer terms or continuous service terms;

E. That the Court find and declare that Defendant has violated Cal. Bus. &

Prof. Code § 17602(a)(3) by failing to provide an acknowledgement that includes the

automatic renewal or continuous service offer terms, cancellation policy and

information on how to cancel in a manner that is capable of being retained by Plaintiff

and Class Members;

F. That the Court find and declare that Defendant has violated the UCL and

committed unfair and unlawful business practices by violating Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code §

17602.

G. That the Court award to Plaintiff and Class Members damages and full

restitution in the amount of the subscription payments made by them pursuant to Cal.

Bus. & Prof. Code§ 17603, in an amount to be proved at trial;

H. That Defendant be ordered to pay restitution to Plaintiff and the Class due

to Defendant’s UCL violations, pursuant to Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code §§ 17200-17205 in

the amount of their subscription agreement payments;

I. That the Court find that Plaintiff and Class Members are entitled to

injunctive relief pursuant to Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17203;

J. That Plaintiff and the Class be awarded reasonable attorneys’ fees and

costs pursuant to California Code of Civil Procedure § 1021.5, and/or other applicable

law; and


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K. That the Court award such other and further relief as this Court may deem

appropriate.

Dated: April 7, 2016 MILSTEIN, ADELMAN, JACKSON, FAIRCHILD & WADE, LLP

By: /s/ Gillian M. Wade Gillian M. Wade


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CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE

CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE

I hereby certify that on April 7, 2016, I electronically filed the foregoing CLASS

ACTION COMPLAINT with the Clerk of the Court using the CM/ECF system which

will send notification of such filing via electronic mail to all counsel of record.

/s/ Gillian M. Wade Gillian M. Wade


X (srm)XXXXXXXXXX

'16CV0837 RBBLABJS 44 (R.v. I2I12) CIVIL COVER SHEET The IS 44 civil cov~r sh~~talld the information conlained herein neither replace nor supplement the filing and service ofpleadinllS or other papers as required by law, e)tccpt as provided by local rules of court This fonn, approved by lbe Judicial Conference of tile United States in September 1974, is requm:d for the usc of the Clerk of Co un for the purpose of initiating the civil docket sheet. (SEE lNSTRUCTIONSON NEXTPAO£ OF THIS FORMJ

I. (9) PLAlNTIFFS MATTHEW LOPEZ, individually and on behalf o f all others similarly situated

(b) County of Residence of First Listed Plainliff San Diego. CA (EXCI:'PT IN U.S. PLAINTIFF CASES)

(c) Attorneys (Firo, N",,~. A,kl,.e ... , QllifT.I.pIoo"" N!,nlM,.) Gillian L. Wade, Milstein, Adelman, Jackson, Fairchild & Wade, LLP 10250 Constellation Blvd., los Angeles, CA 90067 Tel: (310) 396-9600

"' U.S.O<I\'crnn'.nl Plaintiff

C> U.S. Govemmenr Defendrult

0 IlOlnsuran<c 0 120 Marine 0 130 Miller Act 0 140 Nos0ti.ble 0 '" o lSI a 152 RocoveryofD.:faul led

~",rl ... n' 1.n.~. (Excludes Veterans)

0 ISl Recovery ofCh'erpayment ofV.!.!lUl'S Ben.fiu

0 160 Slockholders' Suits 0 190 O~\er COUtr.w:1 0 195 CMrract Produ<! Liability 0 196 Franchise

" 2WFM!cl= o 230 Ren, L=e & Ejectment a 240 Torts 10 1 ... ,><1 o 2H Torr Product Liabilily a 290 All OthorR •• l Property

in On. B"~O,,I)I)

0 ' F.deral Quesrion

(U.s. 0""""'1110'" NOI Q Pa,.ry)

~ . Div .... ity (In</;cale Citiunshlp oj Parli~s in 11m, III)

PERSOI'lAL INJURY I'ERSONAL INJ URY a lIOAirp!an. o 36S Personal Injury " a 31$ AirplaneProd..ct Proouct Uabilily

LiabWty o 367 ~le.ltbCareJ o 320 A ... ult, Libel & f'hll"n.o<:tIIticaJ

" .... Personal Injury a 330 Federal Employers' Product Liability

Liability a 368 Asbestos Pe"""a1 a MOM.,.; ... Injury ProdUCI a ).oil Marine Product Liability

Liability P I':RSO~AL PRO PERTY a 3.s<l Motor Vd~cl. a J100lhetFraud a 355 MOIor Vebicle o 371 Truth in l.ending

Product Liability o 3800tl,crPersona[ a J60 Olher PeBOllai Property Damlse , o 385 Propclty Danmg.

'" l'I"ducl Liability

463 Alien Detain •• S 10 MotiOlls 10 V ... te

Sem.noe no General

::: j~:~.:;%:::;::: : I ~ H5 Deatl, PenAlty Orber; 540 Mandamw. &, Other 550 Civil Rigl,u 555 Prison Conditi"" 560 Civil Delainc<: "

Conditi""" of COflf"",,,,ent

ORIG IN (Placta/J "X" /11 0"" nm Only)

, a Delaware limited liability company; and DOES 1 -10, inclusive,

County ofResidcoce of First Listed J)cfendant New YOrls, NY (IN U.S. I'LAINTIFFCAS£SONLy)

NOTE: IN LAND CONDEMNATION CASES, USE THE LOCATION OF TIlE TRACTOf tAND JNVOLVED.

Attorneys (IfKnq,.,~

(Fo,. DfI",rslly Ca~s O,,1y)

Citi"",, of This State

Citiun of Mother St.l~

Cit'""n or Subject of a

625 Drug Relared Sei""", of Property 21 USC881

690 Oth<l

A« 720 ubor/ManageD""t

Relation. 740 R. ihvoy If,bor Acl 75 1 Fomily and Medkal

L.av. Act 790 Oth..- If,bor !..iriS.lion 791 Employ"" Relire."enl

In.com" Security Act

Pn' ~ ,

02

"'

OEF

0 , 0 2

0 ,

"X" in OM B,,~ for Plalllliff alld 0, .. /fur Jor lkfo,""ml)

I~r" "" Incorporated ,,,. ~jpol PI..,. 0 • O . ofRl1$inc .. ln This Stol.

Incorpo .... ted ami Principal!'l"", 0 , ~ ,

of Busi"tsS bl AnotheJ" State

Foreign Nali"" 0 • O'

a 375 False Claims ACI

a 400 5t.!ote ReaWO<lionmonl a 410Antiu".t

~!!l~~!,"llir;:=~ a 430 Ballks and [)anIci"s a 450 Commerce t') 460 Depo,miOll a 410 Racketeer lnflutl>c<d and

ClH"T\lpr o..S,,"izatiollJ

"i'!==~ n 480 Con! •. ,,"." Credit a 490 CablelSal TV

a 850 Sec:uritiuICommlldili ....... Exchonge

:!!3 890 0(1)<1 Statulory Actions a 891 Agricull11n1l Acu a 893 EnvirQruueruat Matter) a 895 Frttdo", of [oform.o.t;on ,« a 896 Arbilrl.lion a $99 Administntiv. l'roccdure

ActiRevielV or Appe.o.I of Agency Decision

(] 950 Constitutionality of Slate Statules

)1J: I Original 0 2 Removed from Proceeding Slate Court

o 3 Remanded from Appellate Court

o 4 Reinstated or 0 5 T.~::l:~~51,~~~ Reopened A

o 6 Multidistricl Litigat ion

VI. CAUSE OF ACfION ~~~~ 1101 rlf~ j",lstf;cfiollal,·f",lIf ... 11111= db.,I'S;Iy):

COMPLAINT: VIII. RELATED CASE(S)

IF ANY

DATE

04{O7/2016 FOR OH'IC E US r, Oi'OLY

I , UNDER RULE 23, F.R.Cv.P.

(So'i'OSfnl&flons): JUDGE

SlGNATUR£OF ATIORNEY OF RECORD

IslGiliian L. Wade

RECEIPT* _ ___ AMDUNT _____ _ APPLYING lFP ---

JIIDGIl

CHECK YES only i

JURY DEMAND:

DOCKET NUMBER

ONo

---MAG.JUDGE _ _______ _

Case 3:16-cv-00837-LAB-RBB Document 1-1 Filed 04/07/16 Page 1 of 2

JS 44 Reverse (Rev. 12/12)

INSTRUCTIONS FOR ATTORNEYS COMPLETING CIVIL COVER SHEET FORM JS 44

Authority For Civil Cover Sheet

The JS 44 civil cover sheet and the information contained herein neither replaces nor supplements the filings and service of pleading or other papers as required by law, except as provided by local rules of COUlt. This form, approved by the Judicial Conference of the United States in September 1974, is required for the use of the Clerk of Court for the purpose of initiating the civil docket sheet. Consequently, a civil cover sheet is submitted to the Clerk of COUlt for each civil complaint filed. The attorney filing a case should complete the form as follows:

I.(a) Plaintiffs-Defendants. Enter names (last, first, middle initial) of plaintiff and defendant. Ifthe plaintiff or defendant is a government agency, use only the full name or standard abbreviations. If the plaintiff or defendant is an official within a government agency, identify first the agency and then the official, giving both name and title.

(b) County of Residence. For each civil case filed, except u.s. plaintiff cases, enter the name of the county where the first listed plaintiff resides at the time of filing. In U.S. plaintiff cases, enter the name of the county in which the first listed defendant resides at the time offiling. (NOTE: In land condemnation cases, the county of residence ofthe "defendant" is the location of the tract ofland involved.)

( c) Attorneys. Enter the firm name, address, telephone number, and attorney of record. If there are several attorneys, list them on an attachment, noting in this section "(see attachment)".

II. Jurisdiction. The basis of jurisdiction is set forth under Rule 8(a), F.R.Cv.P., which requires that jurisdictions be shown in pleadings. Place an "X" in one of the boxes. Ifthere is more than one basis of jurisdiction, precedence is given in the order shown below. United States plaintiff. (1) Jurisdiction based on 28 U.S.C. 1345 and 1348. Suits by agencies and officers ofthe United States are included here. United States defendant. (2) When the plaintiff is suing the United States, its officers or agencies, place an "X" in this box. Federal question. (3) This refers to suits under 28 U.S.c. 1331, where jurisdiction arises under the Constitution of the United States, an amendment to the Constitution, an act of Congress or a treaty of the United States. In cases where the U.S. is a pmiy, the U.S. plaintiff or defendant code takes precedence, and box 1 or 2 should be mm·ked. Diversity of citizenship. (4) This refers to suits under 28 U.S.C. 1332, where pmties m'e citizens of different states. When Box 4 is checked, the citizenship of the different parties must be checked. (See Section III below; NOTE: federal question actions take precedence over diversity cases.)

III. Residence (citizenship) of Principal Parties. This section of the JS 44 is to be completed if diversity of citizenship was indicated above. Mark this section for each principal pmiy.

IV. Nature of Suit. Place an "X" in the appropriate box. Ifthe nature of suit cannot be determined, be sure the cause of action, in Section VI below, is sufficient to enable the deputy clerk or the statistical clerk(s) in the Administrative Office to determine the nature of suit. If the cause fits more than one nature of suit, select the most definitive.

V. Origin. Place 811 "X" in one of the six boxes. Original Proceedings. (1) Cases which originate in the United States district courts. Removed fi'om State Court. (2) Proceedings initiated in state cOUlis may be removed to the district cOUlis under Title 28 U.S.C., Section 1441. When the petition for removal is granted, check this box. Remanded from Appellate Court. (3) Check this box for cases remanded to the district COUlt for further action. Use the date of remand as the filing date. Reinstated or Reopened. (4) Check this box for cases reinstated or reopened in the district cOUli. Use the reopening date as the filing date. Transferred from Another District. (5) For cases transferred under Title 28 U.S.c. Section 1404(a). Do not use this for within district transfers or multidistrict litigation transfers. Multidistrict Litigation. (6) Check this box when a multidistrict case is transferred into the district under authority of Title 28 U.S.c. Section 1407. When this box is checked, do not check (5) above.

VI. Cause of Action. RepOli the civil statute directly related to the cause of action and give a brief description of the cause. Do not cite jurisdictional statutes unless diversity. Example: U.S. Civil Statute: 47 USC 553 Brief Description: Unauthorized reception of cable service

VII. Requested in Complaint. Class Action. Place an "X" in this box if you m'e filing a class action under Rule 23, F.R.Cv.P. Demand. In this space enter the actual dollm' amount being demanded or indicate other demand, such as a preliminary injunction. Jury Demm1d. Check the appropriate box to indicate whether or not ajury is being demanded.

VIII. Related Cases. This section of the JS 44 is used to reference related pending cases, if any. If there m'e related pending cases, inselt the docket numbers and the corresponding judge names for such cases.

Date and Attorney Signature. Date and sign the civil cover sheet.

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