Design, Operation, andDesign, Operation, and IntegrationIntegration
ofof MethaneMethane DrainageDrainage SystemsSystems atat
Minerales Monclova S.A. de C.V.’sMinerales Monclova S.A. de C.V.’s
Underground Coal Mines inUnderground Coal Mines in
Coahuilia, MexicoCoahuilia, Mexico
Minerales Monclova S.A. de C.V.Minerales Monclova S.A. de C.V.
Methane to Markets Ministerial MeetingMethane to Markets Ministerial Meeting
November 15November 15 –– 17, 200417, 2004
Washington, DCWashington, DC
MineralesMinerales MonclovaMonclova OperationsOperations
MineralesMinerales MonclovaMonclova S.A. de C.V.S.A. de C.V.
MineralesMinerales MonclovaMonclova OperationsOperations
MineralesMinerales MonclovaMonclova S.A. de C.V. (MIMOSA):S.A. de C.V. (MIMOSA):
Coal Production:Coal Production: 5 Mt per Year5 Mt per Year
Product:Product: Metallurgical CoalMetallurgical Coal
Mining Method:Mining Method: 4 Underground4 Underground LongwallLongwall MinesMines
Depths:Depths: Less than 220 mLess than 220 m
Coal Seam:Coal Seam: Double Seam (Upper Cretaceous)Double Seam (Upper Cretaceous)
Conditions:Conditions: Gassy (High Permeability, High GC)Gassy (High Permeability, High GC)
CH4 Control Systems:CH4 Control Systems: Ventilation, PreVentilation, Pre--Mining Degasification,Mining Degasification,
and Gob Gas Drainageand Gob Gas Drainage
MineralesMinerales MonclovaMonclova S.A. de C.V.S.A. de C.V.
Main PurposeMain Purpose of CMM Drainage:of CMM Drainage:
Control Through Mine VentilationControl Through Mine Ventilation
Principal Means of Controlling Underground EmissionsPrincipal Means of Controlling Underground Emissions
Exhausting Ventilation Systems at all MinesExhausting Ventilation Systems at all Mines
Dilutes Methane Concentrations to Permissible Limits (< 1% by voDilutes Methane Concentrations to Permissible Limits (< 1% by volume)lume)
Ventilation Systems Liberate more than 80 MmVentilation Systems Liberate more than 80 Mm33 of Methane per Yearof Methane per Year
Average Exhaust Methane Concentration: 0.5% Methane in AirAverage Exhaust Methane Concentration: 0.5% Methane in Air
MineralesMinerales MonclovaMonclova S.A. de C.V.S.A. de C.V.
Methane Drainage ExperienceMethane Drainage Experience
Reservoir Characterization and Numerical Models:Reservoir Characterization and Numerical Models:
Performed in 1989 on Adjacent Property by Resource Enterprises,Performed in 1989 on Adjacent Property by Resource Enterprises, Inc.Inc.
Direct Gas Content Tests Show High GC (>13 mDirect Gas Content Tests Show High GC (>13 m33/t)/t)
Injection Tests Indicate High Permeability (>30md, 180 meters deInjection Tests Indicate High Permeability (>30md, 180 meters depth )pth )
Numerical Modeling Indicates Benefits of InNumerical Modeling Indicates Benefits of In--Seam Boreholes Drilled in Advance of MiningSeam Boreholes Drilled in Advance of Mining
Pressure Test with PEMEX (3.9Pressure Test with PEMEX (3.9 mdmd, 300 meters depth), 300 meters depth)
Modeling Projections: 50% Reduction in InModeling Projections: 50% Reduction in In--Situ Gas Content in 1 Year, real 48%.Situ Gas Content in 1 Year, real 48%.
MineralesMinerales MonclovaMonclova S.A. de C.V.S.A. de C.V.
CoalbedCoalbedButt CleatButt Cleat
Matrix Blocks ContainingMatrix Blocks Containing MicroporesMicropores
Methane Drainage ExperienceMethane Drainage Experience
Degasification with Long InDegasification with Long In--Seam Boreholes in Advance of Mining:Seam Boreholes in Advance of Mining:
Boreholes Reduce Gas Emissions During Gate Road DevelopmentBoreholes Reduce Gas Emissions During Gate Road Development
MineralesMinerales MonclovaMonclova S.A. de C.V.S.A. de C.V.
Methane Drainage ExperienceMethane Drainage Experience
Degasification with Long InDegasification with Long In--Seam Boreholes in Advance of Mining:Seam Boreholes in Advance of Mining:
Contractor Proves Benefit of Directionally Drilled Boreholes inContractor Proves Benefit of Directionally Drilled Boreholes in Double SeamDouble Seam
MineralesMinerales MonclovaMonclova S.A. de C.V.S.A. de C.V.
45 45 45 45
55
80
80 85
70
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
October November December January February March April May June
Months in 1994
Em
iss
on
/Air
flo
w/A
dv
an
ce
Ra
te
Advance Rate (10's of Meters Per Month)
Methane Emissions (1000's of Cubic Meters Per Day)
Airflow Rate (Cubic Meters Per Second)
500 m Borehole on Production
Methane Drainage ExperienceMethane Drainage Experience
Degasification with Long InDegasification with Long In--Seam Boreholes in Advance of Mining:Seam Boreholes in Advance of Mining:
REI Drilling, Inc. Directionally Drills Over 26,000 m of InREI Drilling, Inc. Directionally Drills Over 26,000 m of In--Seam Boreholes in 4 MinesSeam Boreholes in 4 Mines
MineralesMinerales MonclovaMonclova S.A. de C.V.S.A. de C.V.
Gate Entry ShieldsGate Entry Shields
Mine II: 1992Mine II: 1992--19981998
Lengths: 305Lengths: 305 -- 900m900m
Spacing: 150mSpacing: 150m
Methane Drainage ExperienceMethane Drainage Experience
Underground Gas Collection:Underground Gas Collection:
Underground Pipelines Installed to Bring Gas to the SurfaceUnderground Pipelines Installed to Bring Gas to the Surface
Liquid Ring Vacuum Pumps Installed on SurfaceLiquid Ring Vacuum Pumps Installed on Surface
Methane is Vented to the AtmosphereMethane is Vented to the Atmosphere
MineralesMinerales MonclovaMonclova S.A. de C.V.S.A. de C.V.
Methane Drainage ExperienceMethane Drainage Experience
Additional Developments:Additional Developments:
Underground InUnderground In--Seam CrossSeam Cross--Panel Rotary Drilling Program with Acker MidPanel Rotary Drilling Program with Acker Mid--John DrillJohn Drill
Minerales Monclova S.A. de C.V.Minerales Monclova S.A. de C.V.
Methane Drainage ExperienceMethane Drainage Experience
Additional Developments:Additional Developments:
Successful Implementation of Vertical Gob WellsSuccessful Implementation of Vertical Gob Wells
Minerales Monclova S.A. de C.V.Minerales Monclova S.A. de C.V.
Recent DevelopmentsRecent Developments
InIn--House Directional Drilling:House Directional Drilling:
Procured Refurbished Drill from REI Drilling, Inc. in 2004Procured Refurbished Drill from REI Drilling, Inc. in 2004
Minerales Monclova S.A. de C.V.Minerales Monclova S.A. de C.V.Acker Big John Drill, Capacity: 900 mAcker Big John Drill, Capacity: 900 m
Recent DevelopmentsRecent Developments
InIn--House Directional Drilling:House Directional Drilling:
REI Drilling, Inc. Provides Training to MIMOSA Engineers and FiREI Drilling, Inc. Provides Training to MIMOSA Engineers and FieldeldPersonnel Under Technology Transfer ProgramPersonnel Under Technology Transfer Program
Minerales Monclova S.A. de C.V.Minerales Monclova S.A. de C.V.
Recent DevelopmentsRecent Developments
InIn--House Directional Drilling:House Directional Drilling:
Wellhead Safety and Control, Drill Site Installation, TrainingWellhead Safety and Control, Drill Site Installation, Training
Minerales Monclova S.A. de C.V.Minerales Monclova S.A. de C.V.
Recent DevelopmentsRecent Developments
InIn--House Directional Drilling:House Directional Drilling:
Drill Operation, Directional Control, and Borehole Surveying, TrDrill Operation, Directional Control, and Borehole Surveying, Trainingaining
Minerales Monclova S.A. de C.V.Minerales Monclova S.A. de C.V.
Mule Shoe Alignment Slot
Muleshoe Stinger Spacer Bars Lower Centralizer
Steering Tool Feedthru Centralizer Cable Head Assy.
Tool Face Indicator
STEERING COMPASS
Tool Face Alignment Direction and Angle
Bent Housing
Alignment Key In Orienting Sub
(Aligned to Tool Face) Connection to
Accu-Steer Tool (Data to surface
computer via wireline conductor cable)
Connects to non-magnetic rods (shields Accu-Steer from magnetic interference)
Recent DevelopmentsRecent Developments
InIn--House Directional Drilling:House Directional Drilling:
Downhole Tool and Drill Maintenance, TrainingDownhole Tool and Drill Maintenance, Training
Minerales Monclova S.A. de C.V.Minerales Monclova S.A. de C.V.
Recent DevelopmentsRecent Developments
Minerales Monclova S.A. de C.V.Minerales Monclova S.A. de C.V.
C. Banda DesarrolloC. Regreso Desarrollo
C. Banda DesarrolloC. Regreso Desarrollo
X° 9
X° 8
X° 7
C. BandaDesarrollo
C. RegresoDesarrollo
C. Regreso Contra-Ataque
C. Banda Cont ra-Ataque
X°6
X° 5
40
X°4
X°3
X° 2
X° 1
C. BandaDesarrollo
C. RegresoDesarrollo
C. Regreso Contra-Ataque
C. Banda Cont ra-Ataque
X°6
X° 5
X°4
X°3
X° 2
X° 1
X° 8
X°7
C. BandaDesarrollo
C. RegresoDesarrollo
C. Regreso Contra-Ataque
C. Banda Cont ra-Ataque
X°6
X° 5
X°4
X°3
X° 2
X° 1
Proyecto
Galerias
Mine No. 7X° 1
X° 2
X°3
X°4
X° 5
X°6
C. 1Poniente
2do. Aux.
C. 1 Poniente3e r. Aux.
C. 1Poniente
1e r Aux.C. 1
Poniente
C. 2Poniente
Aux.
C. 2Poniente
X° 7
X° 8
X° 9
X°10
X°11
X°12
Maquina # 4
Maquina # 2
Maquina # 1
X° 13
Maquina # 3
InIn--House Directional Drilling:House Directional Drilling:
Drilling Plans for Mine 7 Following TrainingDrilling Plans for Mine 7 Following Training
Recent DevelopmentsRecent Developments
CMM Use:CMM Use:
Volume Drained from Mine Esmeralda, Mine 6, 7, and 8Volume Drained from Mine Esmeralda, Mine 6, 7, and 8
Minerales Monclova S.A. de C.V.Minerales Monclova S.A. de C.V.
Longwall Panel
Gate
Roads
Underground Gas
Collection System
Vacuum Pump
Mines Drain currently over 5 MmMines Drain currently over 5 Mm33 per year (70,000 TCO2e)per year (70,000 TCO2e)
Average Concentration at Vacuum Pump is 60% Methane in AirAverage Concentration at Vacuum Pump is 60% Methane in Air
Recent DevelopmentsRecent Developments
CMM Use:CMM Use:
Generation of Heat for Mine Esmeralda Bath HouseGeneration of Heat for Mine Esmeralda Bath House
MineralesMinerales MonclovaMonclova S.A. de C.V.S.A. de C.V.
7.5 kW7.5 kW WellsiteWellsite Compressor Transports Gas to Boiler Via 38 mm PipelineCompressor Transports Gas to Boiler Via 38 mm Pipeline
System Capacity is Approximately 1,440 mSystem Capacity is Approximately 1,440 m33/day of Methane/day of Methane
Vacuum Pump
Gas Collection Well
H2
CO
CMM Power Plant
Heat
electricity grid
Methane Use OptionsMethane Use Options at MIMOSA Minesat MIMOSA Mines
In-Seam Directional Boreholes in Advance of Mining
Use of CMM from InUse of CMM from In--Seam Drainage and Gob Wells for Power Seam Drainage and Gob Wells for Power Generation:Generation:
MineralesMinerales MonclovaMonclova S.A. de C.V.S.A. de C.V.
Courtesy of G.A.S. Energy
Methane Use OptionsMethane Use Options at MIMOSA Minesat MIMOSA Mines
0.1
0.1
N/A
0.29
0.26
0.259
0.4
0.3
0.39
0.3
0.38
0.46
0.5
Average Discharge
Concentration (%)
0.5
0.3
0.1
0.3
0.4
0.05
0.7
2.6
2.8
0.07
0.8
7.1
0.2
Annual VAM Emissions Bm3 (2005)
7.0
4.5
2.1
4.7
5.7
0.8
10.5
37.5
39.8
1.0
10.8
101.6
2.2
Equivalent Annual
MMT CO2 (2005)
0.01South Africa
0.07India
0.03UK
0.018Kazakhstan
0.03Poland
0.0468Czech Republic
0.02Australia
0.03Ukraine
0.03EUA
0.065Germany
0.044Russia
0.035China
0.0475Mexico
Average Price of Power
US$/kWh Country
MineralesMinerales MonclovaMonclova S.A. de C.V.S.A. de C.V.
The Potential of Using VAM atThe Potential of Using VAM at MIMOSA’sMIMOSA’s Mines is High:Mines is High:
Methane Use OptionsMethane Use Options at MIMOSA Minesat MIMOSA Mines
Use of VAM from Mine Ventilation Systems for Power Generation:Use of VAM from Mine Ventilation Systems for Power Generation:
MineralesMinerales MonclovaMonclova S.A. de C.V.S.A. de C.V.
Reactor Converts Low Quality Methane to HeatReactor Converts Low Quality Methane to Heat
Courtesy of MEGTEC Systems
FutureFuture Capacity CMMCapacity CMM
Phased Project toPhased Project to GenerateGenerate PowerPower forfor Self Use:Self Use:
Phase I:Phase I:
11 –– 1.3 MW Power Plant Fueled by CMM from the Esmeralda Mine1.3 MW Power Plant Fueled by CMM from the Esmeralda Mine
Phase II:Phase II:
Expand Esmeralda Project by 1Expand Esmeralda Project by 1 –– 1.3 MW1.3 MW
4 MW Power4 MW Power PlantPlant Fueled by CMM from Mine 7Fueled by CMM from Mine 7
5 MW Power5 MW Power PlantPlant Fueled by VAM from Mine 7Fueled by VAM from Mine 7
Phase III:Phase III:
5 MW Power5 MW Power PlantPlant Fueled by VAM forFueled by VAM for the Esmeralda Mine, 4 MW Powerthe Esmeralda Mine, 4 MW Power4 MW Power4 MW Power PlantPlant Fueled by CMM from Mine 8Fueled by CMM from Mine 8
ExpandExpand PlantsPlants BasedBased onon SupplySupply
MineralesMinerales MonclovaMonclova S.A. de C.V.S.A. de C.V.
FutureFuture Capacity CMM & VAMCapacity CMM & VAM
33
38
34
43 44
52
42
50
53 53
59
63 63
51 51
9 9 10
15 15
17
14
17 17 17 18 19 19
14 14
24
29
24
28 29
35
27
33
37 37
40
44 44
37 37
27.421
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
MW
MineralesMinerales MonclovaMonclova S.A. de C.V.S.A. de C.V.
Power Generation Potential (CMM and VAM) ofPower Generation Potential (CMM and VAM) of MIMOSA’sMIMOSA’s Mines:Mines:
KeyKey BarrierBarrier to Use of CMM in Mexicoto Use of CMM in Mexico
DrainageDrainage ofof the gas isthe gas is only a technicalonly a technical issue, we areissue, we are
succeeding.succeeding.
In MexicoIn Mexico thethe statestate ownsowns the gas (Arts. 27 & 28)the gas (Arts. 27 & 28)
NeedNeed toto havehave govermentgoverment authorizationauthorization to use theto use the
CMM & VAM.CMM & VAM.
The Use ofThe Use of Coal Mine MethaneCoal Mine Methane LiberatedLiberated fromfrom SafetySafety SystemsSystems Implemented atImplemented at
MIMOSA’s Mines is a Priority for the CompanyMIMOSA’s Mines is a Priority for the Company
AdvancedAdvanced DrillingDrilling TechnologyTechnology andand Developments in CMM and VAM UseDevelopments in CMM and VAM Use
TechnologyTechnology willwill LeadLead toto thethe Successful Use ofSuccessful Use of thisthis Greenhouse GasGreenhouse Gas
MIMOSA, in ConjunctionMIMOSA, in Conjunction withwith Equipment Manufactures, haveEquipment Manufactures, have InvestigatedInvestigated
Methane Use Alternatives (CombustionMethane Use Alternatives (Combustion Engines, Turbines, VAM Reactors,Engines, Turbines, VAM Reactors,
Etc.), SpecificallyEtc.), Specifically PowerPower GenerationGeneration OptionsOptions
MIMOSA’s CMM and VAM Resource has Tremendous Potential forMIMOSA’s CMM and VAM Resource has Tremendous Potential for
Development for Years to ComeDevelopment for Years to Come
MIMOSA can PartnerMIMOSA can Partner with a Domesticwith a Domestic oror InternationalInternational InvestorInvestor to Use thisto Use this LowLow
QualityQuality ResourceResource CurrentlyCurrently VentedVented toto thethe EnvironmentEnvironment
ConclusionsConclusions
MineralesMinerales MonclovaMonclova S.A. de C.V.S.A. de C.V.
MineralesMinerales MonclovaMonclova S.A. de C.V.S.A. de C.V.
MineralesMinerales MonclovaMonclova S.A. de C.V.S.A. de C.V.
Gracias!Gracias!
Mimosa has to have degasification forMimosa has to have degasification for
safety, also to protect the environmentsafety, also to protect the environment