Research ReportOn

“Mini dam potential in potohar region”

Submitted To:

Sir Muhammad Muzammil

Prepared By:

Mehran Iqbal

Bsc agri engineering (Eve)6th Semester

Section C1Reg no 2013-ag-4528

Session 2013-2017

Department of Agri engineering

Mini dam potential in potohar region

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Sr# CONTENTS Page#

1 Introduction 3

2 Objectives 3

3 Potential of mini dam in potohar region 4

4 Potential of mini dam in potohar region 5

5 Benefits of mini dam 5

6 Finding and results 6

7 Recommendation 6

Dept. Of Agri Engineering (UAF) Page 2

Mini dam potential in potohar region

Introduction Mini dams in potohar region are very successful irrigation method. Which is

used in Barani areas of northern Punjab, Mini dam is design to store flood water and

rainfall. This is proved more helpful in dry season and passes downstream. The structure

of mini dam less than 15 feet high and impounds less than 50 acre feet of

water .Detailed feasibility is not required for the contraction of mini dam. Farmer

conducted mini dam under the rule that the cost of mini dam beyond the subsidy.

Small Dams Organization identified five potentional sites.SDO identified 24

dam in photohar in last 2007 to 2008.Photohar region consist of four district of Punjab

Rawalpindi, Jhelum, attock and chakwal. Major crops wheat, Bajra, Gram, Barley and

Maize. In photohar region shortage of rain fall. There is no canal irrigation system in

photohar region. Punjab govt has given approval 200 mini dam. Water store in mini dam

used for irrigation and domestic need. Research institution not gives opportunity for

conduct research on mini dam impact on farmer income. Technique used for storage of

runoff, runoff is small and make naturally or manmade. Storage capacity of mini dam 15

to 50 AF.Revised PC-1 400 mini dam built in four district.200 mini dam cost

RS.597.500.cost of 400 mini dam RS.1108.450

Objectives The most important objective of mini dam in potohar region is to decrease the

fast depletion of groundwater

More crop per drop in potohar region

To increase the agriculture production in potohar region must ensure the

availability of water for cultivation

To enhance the usage of water practice in efficient way like sprinkler, drip

irrigation system.

Utilization of water in effective way to make green revolution in potohar region

Dept. Of Agri Engineering (UAF) Page 3

Mini dam potential in potohar region

To use water for profitable agriculture

Water used for rising cash crop, Fish farming and live stock.

Potential of mini dam in potohar region

Mini dam in potohar region plays a vital role .because it uses to store rainfall,

flood water due to not managed properly most of the rainwater is wasted . In potohar

region storing rain water in mini dams has good potential for irrigated agriculture.

Surface storage may not be attainable everywhere but permanent as well as non-

permanent rivers and streams running from side to side Potohar plateau carry significant

water particularly during monsoon season.

Moreover for mini dam very large catchment is not required which makes it

even more feasible to construct the mini dam in the area rather than the small dam.

Potohar Region / Rawalpindi Division lies between the Indus and Jhelum rivers have total

area of 2.2 Mha, in which 1.0 Mha is cultivated. In Barani Areas of Punjab like potohar

region happening of rainfall is extremely unpredictable both within space and time. The

largest part of the water is lost because surface runoff. Therefore, this water is not meant for

agriculture, furthermore, due to improbability of rainfall; farmers in general reduce inputs to

decrease the possibility of loss in the event of deficiency and largely depend on off-farm

incomes for their nourishment.

Dept. Of Agri Engineering (UAF) Page 4

Mini dam potential in potohar region

Mini dam in potohar region district Rawalpindi

Mini dam should be made at these sites where irrigation more depends on gravity

flow.sop that they decrease pumping water expenses for lift irrigation...Actual cost of

mini dam higher then assume cost but farmer knows advantage of mini dam finish task

at more expense. For making dam proper planning and awareness of our natural

human environment and resources. Resources air and water quality. Various tools

use to know quality of water .technical assistance necessity provide by sponsoring

agency. After collecting date evaluation team analysis that actual cost no more than

estimated cost.mini dam positive impact on environment and habitants.evalution of

mini dam done periodically. Priority give to those sites where irrigation facility

available. More land and water are necessary for pr0sperity.traditional irrigation,

bad land management; less storage is cause low productivity in photohar region

management of land and water increase agriculture development. Climatic

temperature effect agriculture productivity. Main object of mini dam reduce poverty

by increasing agriculture productivity. Water resources use so that agriculture

productivity increase. Farmer must be given knowledge irrigation.mini dam water

use for live stock, irrigation and fish farming. It water use efficiently. govt provide

subsidy 80 percent and farmer 20 percent. During visit of mini dam was full up to

top extra water less through spillway. New mini dam are constructed gujar khan,

pind dadan khan, Talagang, Attock Pindigheb and Jhand.

Benefits of mini dam in potohar region

Dept. Of Agri Engineering (UAF) Page 5

Mini dam potential in potohar region

Mini dams are more economical. And saves people from flood, availability of

water in dry season. That the potential of mini dam in potohar region.

The capacity of water storage of mini dam is 30-50AF.that is more to irrigate 25-

32 acres. Mini dam life is 25-30 year if it is properly managed by water shed.

It will improve green revolution.

High income farmer from agriculture.

Finding and results Rainfall is the most important source of water accessible in the area. The high

concentration storms attached with precipitous slopes result into runoff. Due to extremely

incised environment of the main rivers and streams, groundwater greater than most parts

of the Potohar region mainly invigorated from rainfall. Reasons potential of mini dam in

potohar region

Diagram

Land use system Before mini dam in

potohar region %

After mini dam in

potohar region%

Wheat 28 85

Vegetables 0 42

Fruit plantation 0 14

Groundnut (barani+

irrigated)

0 19

Recommendations By Agency for Barani Areas Development (ABAD) should make periodic

inspection of mini dam of potohar region.

Analyze economic benefits of mini dams to the agricultural communities.

Dept. Of Agri Engineering (UAF) Page 6

Mini dam potential in potohar region

Proper planning should be done before start Mini dam.

Detailed survey of land.

Farmer should education about irrigation.

Mini dam should supervise regularly.

Priority given to those site where irrigation facility available so that reduce

pumping expense.

Dept. Of Agri Engineering (UAF) Page 7