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August 27th , 2015Objectives

To indroduce mining concepts

To identify vocabulary related to heavy

machinery through the years .

To describe actual heavy machinery.

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Wnat is mining?

Mining is the extraction (removal) of mineralsand metals from earth. Manganese,tantalum, copper, tin, nickel, bauxite(aluminum ore), iron ore, gold, silver, anddiamonds and many others examples.

T!

"auxite

#opper

ron ore

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What is a mining

operator?A Mining operator is part of a crew at amining site. The operator must know theprocess of variety of activities such as:

drilling, blasting, loading and haulage.

Also, he/she should know how to use avariety of machines and be able to

maintain and repair them. The work with

their supervisors , and colleagues is also

important, being responsible for the health

and safety of others.

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Types of mining machines

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Watch the video

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What is Heavy Machinery ?

Refers to heavy-duty vehicles, speciallydesigned for executing construction tasks, most

frequently involving earthwork operations.

They are also named as:

heavy machines

heavy trucks

construction equipment, engineering equipment

heavy vehicles, or heavy hydraulics.

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What is a heavy- duty vehicle?

$eh%culo para traba&os pesados

What is earthork operations?

Traba&os de movimientos detierra .

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!istory of heavy machinery

n 'th century heavy machines ere poweredunder human or animal poer, specially foragriculture.

Reapers

Segadora

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"t the end of #$th century and %eginning

of &'th century %ecome common the .

The steam harvester

(cosechadora a vapor)

Old style (Australia)

harvester

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*uring the +th century (nternal com%ustion engines )motor de com%ustion

interna* ere popular such as kerosene, ethanol, %ut

today diesel engines are dominant .

The early !th century ne electric-poered machines

appeared, such as the forklift truck. )grua horquilla*

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-nd many others.

Working %ulldo+erfrom the first tractor

company #$&'.

#$' containers crane

made possi%lecontaineri+ation

)containers transport*

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$ocabulary #raler tractor/ tractor oruga

"lade / cuchilla0 ho&a

Wheel tractor/ tractor de ruedas

"ackhoe/ retroexcavadora

#ab / cabina

1hovel0bucket / pala

*ump body / cuerpo volcado

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Types of heavy machinery "ulldo2er(niveladora o tractor sobre

orugas)

Wheel or front loader(cargador frontal )

3oerful craler for pushingmaterials (earth, rocks, andmany others) 4 t is made upof a craler tractor and ablade.

This machine is made up of aheel tractor and a loader. 5sedto load and move asidematerials. (asphalt, demolition,

debris etc. )

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6ydraulic shovel0 excavator

3ala hidraulica

*ump truck

#ami7n tolva

Machine made up of a cab ith abucket for digging deep holes,demolition and removingmaterials.

Truck ith a dump body,used for transportingmaterial (such as sand,gravel, or dirt)

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Motor 8rader

Motoniveladora

Tractor

Machine ith a bladesituated beteen to heelshaftsfor leveling the groundor removing debris(escombros) of the road.

Blade

Motori2ed machine used in

a variety of tasks inagriculture andconstruction.

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9etroexcavadora

backhoe

:orklift truck

8rua 6or;uilla

This machine has a bucket(shovel) for digging on the backand a loader for liftingmaterials on the front.

=ifting e;uipment used tolift and transport materials .

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#oncrete mixer

6ormigonera

- concrete mixer is amachine to mix ater,sand, gravel, andcement to make

concrete.

ndustrial mixerfor concrete plant

#oncrete truck mixer

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mportant $erbsTo nspectC nspeccionar

To #leanC =impiar

To ad&ustC -&ustar

To removeC 9emover

To replaceC 9eempla2ar

To >il C =ubricar D-ceitarTo storeC 8uardar

To 1ecureC -segurar

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6eavy Machinery

#heck behind the machine before backingheavy e;uipment .

tEs neccessary to have a spotter visibleDobservador visible in your mirror to help you

to maneuver backards.Dpara maniobrar enreversa .

1et your seat belt and the backup alarm isorking properly. Dalarma de seguridad.

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#omplete theinspections manuals foreach machine theyoperate.

:or cranes, checking thesheaves (revisar las

gavillas (poleas) ,bearings and cables(rodamietos y cables) asell as the clutches and

breaks (embragues yfrenos)

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n some machines check thehydraulic system keep tires ingood conditions and the airpressure

#heck the steering(direcci7n)andbreak regurlarly.

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:or the bulldo2er check

the tracks andbushings (a&ustes depista y bu&%as )check the blade control

and the backup alarm.Dcontrol de la ho&a yalarma de respaldo

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3rotect the e;uipmentfor weather conditions

-nd store the smalle;uipment indoor. "utaay from anyexplosive source suchas gasoline tanks , oil

and grease Dgrasacontainers andcompressed gas cylinder.

8as poered0 e;uipment

should be store awayfro !re ha"ards#