m~ MINNESOTA POLLUTION I I CONTROL AGENCY

Minnesota Efforts to Reduce Nutrient Enrichment

Pam Anderson| Surface Water Monitoring Program Manager

February 4, 2020

NLCD2006 (resampled to 120m) US Geological Survey

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Developed

Barren/Mining

Forest/Shrub

Rangeland

Cropland

Wetland

Minnesota landscape

• 12,200 lakes greater than 10 acres

• 92,000 miles of rivers/streams

• Drains to 3 basins

• Land Use: • Agriculture 44%

• Grassland 13%

• Forest 32%

• Water 5%

• Urban 6%

Tools in the toolbox

• MN has assessed lakes for eutrophication since 2002 based on a numeric translator for a narrative standard.

• In 2008, lake eutrophication standards were promulgated and assessments have been completed on over 2,500 lakes.

• 693 impairments on draft 2020 list

• In 2015, river eutrophication standards were promulgated. • 53 impairments on draft 2020 list

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• Nutrient impaired lake (2020 draft list)

--"-Exceeds standard

~ Insufficient Information

""""""'Meets standard

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Lake & stream eutrophication impairments

693 lakes impaired 814 river miles impaired

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Harmful algal blooms in Minnesota

• Occur statewide

• Blooms a natural part of all MN lakes

• HABs, as measured to date: • Occur on nutrient impaired lakes

• Dozen or so that aren’t, would be impaired if sufficient data was collected (National Lakes Assessment lakes, for example)

Pollution sources

Point sources (regulated)

Non-point sources (unregulated)

Chart1

Point Sources

Nonpoint Sources

Column1

15

85

Sheet1

Column1

Point Sources15

Nonpoint Sources85

To resize chart data range, drag lower right corner of range.

Wastewater 9%

Statewide sources of nitrogen & phosphorus to rivers

Cropland 37%

Wastewater point sources

17%

Atmospheric 10%

Urban & road runoff

8%

Forest & grasses 8%

Septic/feedlots 6%

Streambank erosion

14%

Nitrogen Urban Septic

9%

Cropland groundwater

baseflow 30%

Atmospheric

Forests 7%

runoff

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Information to implementation

Monitor and Assess Watershed Restoration One Watershed One Plan Implementation and Protection Strategy

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Choose watershed 2013 2018 I Cottonwood River 0 D Hover over a subwatershed for more information

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Count of BMPs

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Cottonwood River watershed

Total Number Installed

Stral~ - Pr~etice Description BMPs ofBMPs Amount Units (by unit) (bv unit)

De igned erosion control Waler & Sediment Control Basins 100 2 1,001 Feet 98 1,450 Coun1

Grassed Wate1VJay 43 43 113 Ac r~s

Terrace 14 3 7,057 Feel

11 3 Acres Sediment Basin 1 1 2 Count

Stream banks, bluffs & ravines Grade Stabilization Structure 43 43 43 Count

Streambank and Shoreline Protection 24 24 5,560 Feet

Structure for Waler Control 2 2 7 Count

Buffers and fi tters - field edge Con servabon Cover 33 33 487 Acres Fil ler Strip 40 40 286 Ac res

Uiving cover to crops in falVspri Cover Crop 75 75 13,002 Acres Convening land to perennials Conservation Cover 33 33 487 Acres

Cntical Area Planting 24 24 60 Acres

Option

BMP adoption through government programs

Cottonwood Watershed 2013-18 BMP #s

https://www.pca.state.mn.us/water/ healthier-watersheds

https://www.pca.state.mn.us/water

' C ' od lJs,ed 't _ SeJeet BMPc. Ne be:r fi·[ igties R_nkedl BMPs

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Targeting Investments

• Development of tools/models to allow for local government units to target implementation activities on the right places on the landscape.

Conservation !Reserve E h. ncement Prograrm ~ N CREP} F'roje ·. Area

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Targeted Land Retirement

• MN CREP will protect up to 60,000 acres of the highest priority areas across 54 counties. It will:

• Target riparian areas and marginal agricultural land

• Restore hydrology, increase infiltration and provide flood mitigation

• Provide habitat for wildlife, non-game species and pollinators

• Reduce nitrate loading in drinking supplies

MN Agricultural Water Quality Certification Program

• Voluntary program for producers toimplement and maintain approved farmmanagement practices

• Involves a whole farm assessment for water quality risks and actions tomitigate those risks

• Results in regulatory certainty for any new water quality rules/laws for 10 years

• Recognition for their work

• Priority for technical assistance andfinancial assistance Darren Newville, District Manager at East Otter Tail and Wadena Soil and Water Conservation

Districts; MAWQCP certified producers Andrew and Dale Schock; MAWQCP Area Certification Specialist Jim Lahn.

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Cambridge WWTF Phosphorus Load

Upgraded facility start-up May 2015

Municipal infrastructure

• 729 permitted wastewater treatment facilities

• 80% Minnesotans connected • 321 have water quality based effluent

limits of 1 mg/L per day or less

• Since 2010 funding awarded for: • 48 WW construction projects to reduce

discharges to 1 mg/L

• Small unsewered communities

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• 28 WW construction projects

• 34 technical assistance projects Phosphorus (lbs/day)

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Septic & stormwater programs making progress

Total number of structural Stormwater BMPs New & Replacement Septic Systems Over 17 Years implemented (2014-2018) at 78 MS4s

New Replacement 83

25000

20000

580 15000

925 10000

5000

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 New 9650 9176 9434 9157 7185 5649 4446 4220 3575 3770 3795 3984 3767 4288 4639 4709 4483 Replacement 7168 11963 7039 6267 6659 6207 1992 5711 4599 4756 5238 4927 5393 6205 5917 6197 5436

176

Constructed basin Filter Infiltrator Swale or strip

Success stories

• To date, 30 lake eutrophication delistings have occurred due to corrective actions

• Primarily in the TCMA, with completely built watersheds, fully implemented stormwater management, and internal load management.

• Phosphorus concentrations are dropping on rivers around the state.

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Action needed to meet nutrient reduction goals

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4.9 M

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1.9 M

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Plus advance: • Urban Wastewater • Urban runoff • Septic systems

Reduced tillage & soil Crop nutrient mgmt Drainage water Perennials - fuel, forage, Cover crops - relay, conservation efficiencies storage/treatment food, buffers & set-aside intercrop, winter annuals

rn MINNESOTA POLLUTION CONTROL AGENCY

I I

• Pam Anderson

• pam.anderson@state.mn.us

• 651-757-2190

Thank you

mailto:pam.anderson@state.mn.us

Minnesota Efforts to Reduce Nutrient EnrichmentMinnesota landscapeTools in the toolboxLake & stream eutrophication impairmentsHarmful algal blooms in MinnesotaPollution sourcesStatewide sources of nitrogen & phosphorus to riversInformation to implementationBMP adoption through government programsTargeting InvestmentsTargeted Land RetirementMN Agricultural Water Quality Certification ProgramMunicipal infrastructureSeptic & stormwater programs making progressSuccess storiesAction needed to meet nutrient reduction goalsThank you