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MIS - L3 - MIS

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    Email id [email protected]

    BY.

    PROF. SHAILENDRAPAWASKAR

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    IT and IS

    What is Information Technology? Any form of technology used by people to handle

    information.

    the foundation upon which IS are built..

    What are Information Systems? Integrated components for processing, storing and

    disseminating information in an organisation.

    Interdisciplinary study of systems that provideinformation to users in organisations.

    interrelated components working together to collect,process, store, and disseminate information tosupport decision making, coordination, control,analysis, and visualization in an organization.

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    Major Roles of Information Systems

    Support ofStrategic

    Advantage

    Support ofManagerial

    Decision Making

    Support ofBusiness Operations

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    7According to Simon

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    Definition of MIS

    MIS can be define as a system that :

    (a) provides information to support managerialfunctions like planning, organizing, directing,

    controlling.

    (b) collects information in a systematic and aroutine manner which is in accordance with a welldefined set of rules

    (c) includes files, hardware, software and operationsresearch models of processing, storing, retrieving andtransmitting information to the users.

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    MIS Defined

    MIS is a set of organized procedures which when executedprovide information to support decision making- Henry C. Lucas

    MIS is a combination of human and computer basedresources which result in collection, storage, retrieval,communication and use of data for the purpose of efficientmanagement for operations and for business planning.- Kelly

    A system to convert data from internal and external sourcesinto information to communicate the information in anappropriate form to managers at all levels, in all functions tomake timely and effectively decisions for planning directingand controlling the activities for which they are responsible. Lucey

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    Objectives

    Facilitate the decision-making process by furnishinginformation in the proper time frame.

    Provide requisite information at each level of managementto carry out their functions

    Help in highlighting the critical factors to the closelymonitored for successful functioning of the organizations.

    Support decision-making in both structured and

    unstructured problem environment.

    Provide a system of people, computer, procedures,interactive query facilities, documents for collecting, storing,retrieving and transmitting information to the users.

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    Organisation of an MIS

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    Pg 17

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    Characteristics of MIS M a n a g e m e n t O r i e n t e d

    management requirement and needs. M a n a g e m e n t D i r e c t e d

    Sub-systembusiness, Guideline from management , approvals.

    I n t e g r a t e d Sub-system Information System Business.

    S u b s y s t e m C o m m o n D a t a b a s e Consistency and integrity of data

    C o n s i s t e n c y Purchase Planning production Schedule prodn planning with mkt forecasts.

    H e a v y P l a n n i n g

    Higher cost C o n t e m p o r a r y

    Development and implementation current happening

    F l e x i b l e

    R e l i a b l e

    S i m p l e / e a s y t o u n d e r s t a n d 12

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    Problem

    Definition

    Set System

    Objective

    Identify

    Constraints

    Determine

    Information

    needs

    Determine

    Information

    SourcesInternal

    ConstraintsExternal

    Constraints

    Mainframe

    Mini

    Computer

    Micro

    Computer

    Develop

    Alternative

    Conceptual

    Design

    Cost and

    Facilities

    Design and

    Implementation

    Evolution

    Design of

    MIS

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    Steps in Implementation of MIS plan

    a) Preparing organizational plan

    b) Planning of work flow

    c) Training of personnel

    d) Development of software

    e) Acquiring computer hardware

    f) Designing the format for data collection

    g) Construction of Data files

    h) Operation of old and new systems in paralleli) Phasing out the old and inducting the newsystem

    j) Evaluation, maintenance and control of the newsystem.

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    Steps in Implementing MIS

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    15

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    Advantages of MIS

    Handling voluminous data Confirmation of Validity of data and transactions Consistency and reliability, atomization, improve

    efficiency.

    Quick search and retrieval - DBMS

    Mass storage

    Communication of information to user on time

    Fulfilling the changing needs of the information. Updated and analyzed information

    Takes care of complexities and risks of businessenvironment Availability of information and processing power

    Give both reactive and proactive response

    Feedback 16

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    Limitation of MIS MIS cannot replace managerial judgments in decision making.

    it is an effective tool for the managers in decision making andproblem solving.

    MIS is less useful for making non programmed decisions

    MIS in organizations is less effective where information is not

    being shared with others.

    MIS may not have enough flexibility to update itself quickly, in afast changing and complex environment,

    MIS cannot provide tailor made information packages. It is

    required to analyze the available information before decisionmaking.

    The quality of output of MIS is directly proportional to the qualityof input and processes.

    MIS is less effective due to frequent changes in top management,organizational structure and operational staff. 17

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    Dis-advantage of MIS

    Deskilling of workers workforce reduction

    Information overload

    Employee mistrust fear of replacing

    Increase competitive pressure on small or medium enterprise

    Disenchantment with IS ROI (return on investment

    Security breaches Way to protect & operating cost

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    MIS & use of ComputersFollowing are main advantages of using computer technology in MIS

    Expanding scope for using informationsystem

    Enhancing speed of processing and retrievalof data

    Widening the scope of analysis

    Increasing complexity of system design andoperation

    Integrating different information sub-systems Increasing the effectiveness of information

    system

    Extending more comprehensive information

    to business managers. 19

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    We can say MIS is

    Defined as a Computer based Information System.

    A system to support the decision making function

    in the organization.

    Getting best out of the information system tofacilitate the decision making process.

    A system based on the database of theorganization evolved for the purpose of providinginformation to the people in the organization.

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    Role of MIS

    Information is Blood and

    MIS is Heart of any business activity.

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    Role of MIS

    MIS Functions Data

    Collection

    Data Storage Analysis Communication

    ManagerialFunctions

    Planning

    Directing

    Controlling

    Coordinating

    Evaluating

    Decision Making

    OrganizationalFunctions

    SCM CRM ERP Enterprise

    Management

    Knowledge

    Management

    Production Marketing Finance HRM IT

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    Practice Questions

    Q1. Define MIS ? List the advantages of MIS? Q2. Why an MIS is need for an organization?

    Q3. Characteristic of valuable information, with Examples.

    Q4. Role of MIS in an Organization

    Q5. What is information systems? Give Examples.

    Q5. Brief the different types of Information Systems. Q6. Explain DSS and give out the difference between DSS

    and MIS.

    Q7. Distinguish between Expert Systems and ArtificialIntelligence.

    Q8. Difference between MIS, TPS,DSS and ESS. Q9. List out the benefits of DSS and What are the application

    areas of DSS.

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    THANK YOU


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