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• The number in the lower left corner of each slide is the page number in the O’Brien textbook to which the material refers.
• The slides in this presentation are only those containing key information from the chapter.
• Illustrative figures are not included as they can be seen as you review the material in the book.
Students
Foundations of Information Systems in Business
Chapter1
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
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• Understand the concept of a system and how it relates to information systems.
• Explain why knowledge of information systems is important for business professionals and identify five areas of information systems knowledge they need.
Learning Objectives
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Learning Objectives
• Give examples to illustrate how business applications of information systems can support a firm’s business processes, managerial decision making, and strategies for competitive advantage.
• Provide examples of several major types of information systems from your experiences with business organizations in the real world.
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• Identify several challenges that a business manager might face in managing the successful and ethical development and use of information technology in a business.
• Provide examples of the components of real world information systems
• Demonstrate familiarity with the myriad of career opportunities in information systems.
Learning Objectives
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Competitive Advantage
• “Developing products, services, processes, or capabilities that give a company a superior business position relative to its competitors and other competitive forces.”
Glossary, p. 637
• Attributed to a firm that is … “leading an industry in some identifiable way, such as sales, revenues or new products.” Ch. 2, p. 53
• “…when a firm sustains profits that exceed the average for an industry …”
Ch. 2, p. 53
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What is E-Business?
• An online exchange of value– Conducting business on the Internet
• Using Internet technologies to empower…– Business processes– Electronic commerce– Collaboration within a company– Collaboration with customers, suppliers, and
other business stakeholders
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E-Business Use
• Reengineering– Internal business processes
• Enterprise collaboration systems– Support teams and work groups
• Electronic commerce– Buying, selling, marketing, and servicing of
products and services over networks
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Information systems combine:
• Operations Support Systems (Figure 1.7)
– Transaction Processing systems– Process Control Systems– Enterprise Collaboration Systems
• Management Support Systems (Figure 1.9)
– Management Information Systems– Decision Support Systems– Executive Information Systems
• Other Systems (Figure 1.11)
– Expert Systems– Knowledge Management Systems– Strategic Information Systems
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Types of Management Support Systems
• Management Information Systems (MIS)– Reports and displays – Example: daily sales analysis reports
• Decision Support Systems (DSS)– Interactive and ad hoc support– Example: a what-if analysis to determine
where to spend advertising dollars
• Executive Information Systems (EIS)– Critical information for executives and
managers– Example: easy access to actions of
competitors
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Other Information Systems
• Expert Systems– Example: credit application advisor
• Knowledge Management Systems– Support creation, organization, and
dissemination of business knowledge Example: intranet access to best business practices
• Strategic Information Systems– Help get a strategic advantage over customer– Examples: shipment tracking, e-commerce Web
systems
• Functional Business Systems– Focus on operational and managerial
applications Examples: accounting, finance, or marketing
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Responsibility and Accountability
• IT plays an integral role in every facet of a business
• Failure is often pinned on IT• Cultivate a culture that embraces change• Break projects into pieces• Set realistic expectations• There will always be problems
– “That’s life in IT”
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IT Careers
• IT employment opportunities are strong • Shortages of IT personnel are frequent• Long-term job outlook is positive and
exciting• Starting salaries are high
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Business Analysts serve critical role
• CIO – broker between management and IT• Business Analyst
– In the trenches– Analyzes business need and creates solution– Communicates solution to technicians – Balances IT resources with business needs
• Business Analyst credentials– 5-10 years experience– Technical undergraduate degree and MBA– Process driven through changes to finish– $45,000 to $100,000
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The IS Function
• Major functional area of business
• Important contributor to – Efficiency, productivity, morale, customer
service and satisfaction
• Major source of information for decisions
• Vital ingredient in developing competitive products and services
• Dynamic and challenging career opportunity
• Key component of networked business
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IS Activities
• Input of data resources• Processing of data into information• Output of information products• Storage of data resources• Control of system performance