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CHAPTER 17
Misfortunes in
Madrid (1890-91)
Failure to Get Justice for the Family
Sought help
Why?
• Asociacion Hispano-Filipina
• Liberal Spanish newspapers• La Justicia, El Globo, La
Republica, El Resumen, etc.
•Secure justice•For oppressed Calamba tenants & family
• Rizal’s interview with Minister Fabie– Nothing happened
• “To cover the ears, open the purse and fold the arms- this is the Spanish colonial policy.”
-El Resumen (a Madrid newspaper)
Bad News from Calamba• Letter from Silvestre Ubaldo (Rizal’s brother-in-law)
– Copy of ejectment order by Dominicans against Rizal’s father & the Calamba tenants
• Saturnina’s letter– Deportation to Mindoro
• Paciano Rizal • Antonio Lopez• Silvestre Ubaldo• Teong (Mateo Elejorde)• Dandoy (Rizal’s relative)
Bad News from Calamba
• Saturnina’s letter– Ejection of their parents from home– Parents living in Narcisa’s house
• Blumentritt– Urged Rizal to see Queen Regent Maria Cristina
Queen Regent Maria Cristina
Death of Panganiban• Jose Maria Panganiban
– Co-worker of Rizal in the Propaganda Movement
– Bicol hero– Died 27 years old in
Barcelona
– Feliciano Gonzales Timbang (died in 1889) also died the same day Panganiban did
Duels Antonio Luna
• Drunk A. Luna• Frustrated romance w/ Nellie Boustead
– Reason for duel: • bad remarks -> Nellie Boustead • which Rizal didn’t like
– ABORTED DUEL
– Resolution: • Upon soberness of Luna, apologies gave way to resolution • Restored friendship with Rizal
RIZAL
Felix Resurrecion Hidalgo
Pardo de Tavera
1ANTONIO LUNA
Duels• Wenceslao E. Retana
• Talented Spanish scholar• Press agent of the friars in Spain• Rizal’s bitter enemy of the pen
Reason for Rizal’s challenging to duel:• Retana’s article in La Epoca :
– Rizal’s family’s and friends’ ejection because of not paying rents
DUEL ABORTED• WHY?
– Rizal- superior in both pistol and sword
Resolution: • written retraction and apology in
newspapers by Retana
Leonor Rivera’s Infidelity• Teatro Apolo
– Rizal lost his gold watch chain w/ locket w/ Leonor Rivera’s picture in it
• Letter from Leonor Rivera– (Winter, December 1890)announcement of marriage to an Englishman– Asking for forgiveness
Rizal-Del Pilar Rivalry
• Marcelo H. Del Pilar
– Lawyer-journalist
– Gained prestige in Madrird for editorials
in La Solidaridad
– Purchased La Solidaridad (fortnightly
periodical) from Pablo Rianzares
– Replaced Graciano Lopez Jaena as editor
From left to right:Jose RizalM.H. del Pilar Mariano Ponce
GRACIANO LOPEZ JAENA
Rizal’s Leadership• Rizal’s Idealism (To win
Spanish people’s respect and prestige for the Propaganda Movement)
– High standards of… • morality • dignity • spirit of sacrifice
– Some Rizal’s supporters del Pilar’s supporters
• WHY?– RIZAL’S IDEALISM’s
interference w/ private lives
» Women» Wine» Cards
• Del Pilar’s editorial policy- contrary to Rizal’s political views
• Meeting (January 1,1891):– Aversion of Rizal-del Pilar break-up– Campaign for reform– Responsable (decided by 2/3 vote of Filipino community)
• Editorial policy (abandoned: del Pilar opposed)• Directs Filipino community affairs
Rizal Turns Down Leadership
• Election for Responsable (1st week of Feb. 1891)-– Rizalistas vs. Pilaristas– Rizal leads election’s first 2 days– Mariano Ponce’s appeal Rizal’s victory (3rd day)
– Turned down position avoid disunity
ADIOS MADRID
• Rizal saw Madrid for the LAST TIME
• Vacation in Biarritz