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TCP/IP AND VOIP

SECTION C, GROUP 1

AKRITI | ANTRIKSH | PRATIT 

KANWARPREET | SACHIN | VIVEK 

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TERMINOLOGIES

Client/Host 

• Any computer connected to a netor! "internet#

• Can re$uest data anytime

Ser%er• A repository o& e' pa(es

• Alays )N*

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IP ADDRESSES

• Analo(ous to our +ome address*

• IPv4 - 4 bytes [32 bits]o e.g. 192.168.12.25:8090, with 8090 being the p!t n"#be! 

o $%&h 'evi&e n!#%((y gets ne )! #!e*

o In the!y the!e %!e %b"t 4 bi((in %v%i(%b(e

• IP%, - ., 'ytes .01 'its2o 3ac!ard compati'le it+ IP%4

o Not &ully implemented yet

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HANDSHAKING A.K.A. INTRODUCTION

•   The Internet Protocol Suite (commonly known as TCP/IP)

set of communications protocols used for the Internet and oth

similar networks. It is the FOUNDATION of internet

•  It is named from two of the most important protocols in it:

•   the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and

•   the Internet Protocol (IP), these were the first two networking protoco

defined in this standard

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WHY TCP/IP

• 5imited 3andidt+

• Enormous transactions

• 3illions o& de%ices across internet

So6 i& eac+ +ost ere to 'e+a%e randomly6 it ouldto CHAOS* TCP/IP Protocol Suite is t+e (round rupre%ent so*

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LAYERS IN TCP/IP MODEL

CORPORATE WORLD

CE)

Secretary

Receptionist

7o'ile/e7ail

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LAYERS IN TCP/IP MODEL

CORPORATE WORLD

CE)

Secretary

Receptionist

7o'ile/e7ail

TCP/IP Layers

HTTP

 TCP

IP

Phys!a" Layer

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WHAT HAPPENS IN TCP/IP

Pa!#e$ S%$!h&'

3rea!in( data into smaller 8pac!ets9 &or smoot+ trans&er* Eacpac!et +as a +eader t+at contains IP address o& sender andrecei%er* IP ensures a pac!et is sent to correct destination

Err(r Pre)e&$(&

 T+ou(+ t+e messa(e is small6 some errors may creep intrans&er* To point out t+ese6 a c+ec!sum is appended messa(e* :or e;ample6 0<=4 'ecomes 4-0<=4 'y addin( aland includin( unit9s di(it o& sum* )nly pac!ets it+ errretransmitted*

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WHAT HAPPENS IN TCP/IP

E+!e&$ R($&' Pac!ets tra%el 'y di>erent pat+s to same destination

tra?c con(estion*

Pr(-er Orer&' Pac!ets are num'ered so t+at t+ey can 'e se$uenced

at destination* T+e pac!ets lost are transmitted a(ain

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THE HTTP

• Stands &or HyperTe;t Trans&er Protocol

•  T+e pre-arran(ed communication medium 'eteen'rosers and e' ser%ers*

• Comes into e>ect +en a 'roser re$uests a e' pa(eser%er and continues &or t+e entire e' session*

• A @R5 "e'site suc+ as mdi*ac*in or &ace'oo!*com#translated to t+e IP address o& re$uired ser%er t+rou(+ a o& NS "omain Name System# loo!ups 'y NS ser%ers* ser%ers maintain a ta'le o& domain and t+e correspondaddresses o& domain9s ser%ers*

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ENE0ITS

Ena'les connecti%ity in a +etero(eneousen%ironment

Industry standard B supported 'y allmanu&acturers

Non proprietary protocols

:ile s+arin(/printer s+arin(/Trou'les+ootin(/A%aila'ility o& +ost/Route trace

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IMPLICATIONS 0OR MANAGER

C(&&e!$)$y a&C(&!a$(&2Easy6 e?cient and

less e;pensi%e

Da$a Shar&'2

Sa%es time andener(y

Har%are Shar&'

Can sa%e costs &ort+e company

I&$er&e$ A!!ess2Internet itsel& is a

netor!

I&$er&e$ A!!essShar&'2 Computer

netor!s allomultiple users to

s+are a sin(leInternet connection

Da$a Se!r$y a&Ma&a'ee&$2

3etter mana(ement

o& critical data 'ystorin( on ser%ers

E&$er$a&e&$2Netor!s &acilitate

many types o&(ames and

entertainment*

Or'a&3a$(&2 Sc+edulin( so&tare

a%aila'le t+at ma!esit possi'le to arran(e

meetin(s it+outconstantly c+ec!in(

e%eryoneDs sc+edules

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VOICE OVER INTERNETPROTOCOL

•  T+e VoIP ena'les one to ma!e and recei%e p+onet+rou(+ t+e Internet instead o& usin( t+e traditional lines

• Also re&erred to as IP Telep+ony6 internet telep+ony6 %oic'road'and6 and 'road'and telep+ony

• Voice con%ersations are turned into di(itied datapac!etied &or transmission across a netor!*

•  Translate P+one num'ers to IP addresses

• @sed in S!ype6 W+atsApp call6 etc*

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HOW VOIP IS USED

• Connect a standard p+one to a computer and an internetconnection

• Connect directly to a router and +a%e all t+e +ardare anso&tare necessary to +andle IP calls

• @se application so&tare installed on a netor!ed compu+ic+ can +andle IP calls

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ADVANTAGES

• Routin( p+one calls o%er e;istin( data netor!s to a%oid t+separate %oice and data netor!s

• VoIP calls cost muc+ lesser

L(%C(s$

• 7ore t+an one telep+one call o%er a sin(le 'road'and con• Inte(ration it+ ot+er ser%ices• ata Fle e;c+an(es• Video con&erencin(• 7ana(in( address 'oo!s

• 5ocation Independence* )nly Internet connection is re$uire

0"e45"$y

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VOIP 6 I7 8 CLOUDINTEGRATED

Hosted VoIP Vide

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CONCLUSION

•  T+e TCP/IP and VoIP are t+e 'uildin( 'loc!s &or e;c+an(inin&ormation across internet*

•  T+ese Gin%isi'le rules set a standard t+at is &olloed (lo'y all present and upcomin( clients and ser%ers*

•  T+eir !noled(e impro%es a man(erDs 'asic +y(iene to

internet aareness*

• Additionally6 present day 'rosers and PC +elp tools t+ro(eneric error it+ a &e terminolo(ies present* )ne 'ecomore com&orta'le in suc+ scenarios i& one !nos a'out tprotocols*

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ERROR SNAPSHOTS

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RE0ERENCES Ima(es

Snaps+ot . +ttp//*t+e(ee!stu>*com/0J../../tcp-ip-&undamentals/

Snaps+ot 0 +ttp//*r&ca&e*com/re&erences/electrical/%oip*+tm

Snaps+ot < +ttp//*pcappspot*com/F;-dns-pro'e-Fnis+ed-no-internet-error-F;ed/

Snaps+ot 4 +ttp//t+ut+uat*taimienp+i*%n/F;-loi-dns-ser%er-not-respondin(-tren-indos=Jn*asp;

We'

+ttp//*cs*nyu*edu/courses/sprin(J/V00*JJJ4-JJ=/lectures/tcpip-pnp-spJ*ppt

+ttp//s<*amaonas*com/ppt-donload/tcp-ip-ppt-.4J0.0J..04L-p+pappJ0*pptMresponcontent-dispositionattac+mentOSi(naturel=(is'LS%lL3cLL4QWt7o,$VI<OE;pires.4=<104L1.OAWSAccessKeyIdAKIAQ,,SE7SASHA

 Te;t

Nat+6 +ru%U T+e Nuts and 3olts o& e-CommerceU T7HU 0JJ0U C+apters .-4U pp .-4.

Video

+ttps//*youtu'e*com/atc+M%Was+T(,<,7

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THANK YOU9