BOWER 15

MITCHELL GOW

391108

Thesis Statement:

Sport is a successful tool for youth development in Indigenous communities, identified as an existing source of significant enjoyment and additionally a mechanism for encouraging healthy lifestyles.

Our project proposes the development of Community Sports Centres throughout Central Australia, in an effort to improve engagement, particularly with young adolescents, in community sports and recreation activities.

The project is to be done so in partnership with the Centre for Appropriate Technology who will assist in ensuring that the skills and knowledge needed to produce and maintain these facilities are passed on to those living and working in regional centres.

CONTENTS

PERSONAL INTRODUCTION 1.

INDEPENDENT RESEARCH Culture, Community Development & Architecture... 9. Understanding Context... 13. Investigating Traditional Aboriginal Architecture 21. =CLASSROOM LEARNING Student Lead Seminars 28. Esquisse 1. 31. Learning From Creswick 41. Esquisse 2. 47 THE BUILD

60.DESIGN DEVELOPMENT Directed Research 108. Design Development 120.

DESIGN PROPOSAL 149.

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I’m Mitch. I grew up on a small farm property in Central Victoria and have lived in Melbourne for the past four years whilst studying at The University of Melbourne.

I originally began my tertiary studies with a Bachelor of Arts majoring in politics and economics and at the time of starting university my goal was to run an international not-for-profit development company by the time I was twenty-five.

For a myriad of reasons I found that degree unengaging, and after becoming somewhat more realistic understood that I was greatly missing doing something creative. Therefore, I moved to a Bachelor of Environments, majoring in architecture, and am extremely grateful for making the change.

A SHORT INTRODUCTION

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I take much enjoyment out of producing beautiful objects, though I think it is something that is too highly prioritised in a degree of this nature. I revel at the idea that a design degree such as architecture can produce people trained in the art of problem solving who engage with social issues and make an effort to physically construct progressive change through their manipulation of the build environment.

I am overjoyed to have found a studio or even possibly a niche in this very broad profession that encompasses a great number of my interests. I am greatly interested in how design can inform community development and the processes and systems required to ensure the most appropriate and optimal outcomes are achieved.

I consider myself to have a reasonable amount of experience in the construction industry having been employed as a labourer for the past five years for casual work whilst studying and throughout my gap year.

I have also learned a great deal from my father who is a qualified builder and has also worked in management positions within the construction industry.

A great deal of experience has come from projects completed alongside my dad whilst growing up and there is little doubt that this contributed to my love of building and the enjoyment I get from hands on work.

There are a huge range of things that I am looking forward to with regards to this studio and am very keen to get started.

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MY PREVIOUS BOWER EXPERIENCE

I was fortunate enough to be involved in the Bower program in the second semester of 2014 that saw a group of students travel to Suamum, a small village in the North-East of Papua New Guinea.

It was undoubtedly one of the greatest experiences of my life. It was incredibly satisfying to be a part of a project that I personally have a great deal of faith in and to work in a community that was so welcoming and graciously receptive.

The project involved constructing a Neonatal Clinic to cater for women in the village and potentially neighbouring communities and additionally a composting toilet. In my mind, the project was very successful in improving health services in the community but in a way that aimed to improve upon systems that were already in place to prevent the spread of disease in such communities associated with childbirth.

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The result seeing a greater empowerment of women and the likely reduction of infant mortality achieved through culturally sensitive community consultation and design.

The completed project was greatly appreciated by the community. A very reassuring confidence can be established about the success of this project simply by the amount of community engagement that was experienced throughout the build. It was a common occurrence to have around thirty locals on site to assist in the construction, which additionally saw a great deal of knowledge transfer between both student and locals.

Taking all this into account, the project could be seen as something that is far from a charitable contribution to the community. The experience, skills, knowledge and relationships developed through this project were highly valued and incredibly advantageous to all those involved.

It was an experience that I will never forget, which has encouraged me to learn more about how socially responsible and appropriate design can engage with such community development projects.

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INDEPENDENT RESEARCH

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CULTURE, COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT & ARCHITECTURE

There is no way to reasonably summarise and accurately give justice to the atrocities and mistreatment of Aboriginal people that have existed throughout the post-colonial history of Australia.

The incommensurately destructive influence that colonialisation, prevailing governments and the influence of western society has had on the Aboriginal people of Australia is nothing short of criminal.

Previous and ongoing oppressive, coercive and suppressive actions have lead to a highly complex set of issues in urgent need of addressing in contemporary Australia,

Image 1.

Gabrielle Lee

Positive Poster, 2012

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with regards to Indigenous affairs, which demand the highest level of empathy, and cultural sensitivity.

Now, belated efforts to improve the lives of Australia’s Indigenous population and quixotically attempt to reconcile mistakes of the past are, understandably, engrossed in a great deal of emotional, cultural and racial delicacies.

As an irreversible amount has been lost through contact with Non-indigenous Australians, any future attempts to

engage in the improvement of the lives of Aboriginal people must have an inherent focus upon the preservation and prospering of Indigenous culture.

Community development projects aimed at Australia’s Indigenous population are set in a very challenging context and are unlikely to produce simple answers to such highly complex issues. However, as designers there exists a potential to appropriately engage and apply a set of skills to such issues that could positively contribute towards a multitude of pressing matters.

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Image 2.

Chris Martin - Print

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“THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT OUGHT NOT BE SO DESTRUCTIVE”

The post-colonial history of Australia is unforgivable, unrectifiable and should never be forgotten. We must now move forward and aim towards total equality in contemporary Australia for all of members of society. To do this a great shift must occur in the way that the built environment is constructed and the driving forces that lead ‘progression’. The recent work of Chris Martin (left), an Australian graphic designer, aims to highlight the negligent way in which mining practices exploit Australia’s natural resources at the expense of the environment and are in great contrast with traditional aboriginal values and respect for the land. Here, extremely negative externalities exist as a result of a purely economically driven industry.

With greater emphasis placed upon respect and social, cultural and environmental sustainability the act of manipulating the built environment ought not be so destructive. Through engaging in socially responsible and culturally sensitive projects architects have the capacity to contribute to the built environment in a way that is legitimately constructive, in all respects. It is a matter of shifting priorities and harnessing driving forces that ensure results produce the best result for all people with whom a project effects. This plead for more responsible practice is so greatly applicable and relevant in the case of Indigenous affairs, the hope is that future generations will engage and collectively work towards a better future.

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UNDERSTANDING CONTEXTBackground Research into Indigenous Affairs

THE DREAMING

W.E.H Stanner, 1953

Stanner provides an extremely informative description of the complex philosophy of traditional Aboriginal people and the inconsistencies that are clearly present and very much incomprehensible to white Australians in their approach to life.

The most notable element to this is the all encompassing nature of ‘The Dreaming’ and its immense significance to Indigenous people. He highlights the resultant alternative views taken towards concepts of time, possessions, and identity and describes the way in which an Aboriginal person implicitly lives this philosophy in following out ‘The Dreaming’.

A clear admiration is put forth for the traditional Aboriginal mindset, one which hasn’t ‘past into the ignorance and vulgarity of popular opinion’ (Stanner 1953, p. 67). And certainly drives home the fact that working and designing with Aboriginal people requires a mind-set that is greatly removed from the status quo in white society.

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JOBS AND HOMES

Noel Pearson, 2009

Pearson strongly suggests that a traditional political approach that emphasises funding public housing and infrastructure to alleviate problems in Indigenous communities is misguided. ‘If we invested the $2.3 billion that has been estimated as the short-fall in Indigenous housing provisions tomorrow, we would make little progress with social problems’ (Pearson 2009, p. 313).

His alternative focus for development includes a promotion for a greater level of home ownership and welfare programs that offer a helping hand up as opposed to hand

outs that provide no progression, providing Indigenous Australians with greater access to employment.

Arguably, an example of this could be seen through the HomesPLUS model (www.bowerhomesplus.com.au/). A process that sees investment in Aboriginal communities provide housing infrastructure that additionally develops the skills and knowledge of those living in the communities. The approach aiming to encourage autonomous control over future development in Aboriginal communities by Indigenous people.

Image source: http://www.bowerhomesplus.com.au/news/

Image 3.

HomesPLUS Process Diagram

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The book Coercive Reconciliation: Stabilise, Normalise, Exit Aboriginal Australia compiles a substantial series of essays written in response to the 2007 intervention in the Northern Territory, which took place under the Howard government.

In addition to critically analysing the intentions behind and the implementation of this policy and it’s long-term effects, the book provides an honest insight into the recent history and the contemporary context of Indigenous affairs.

Primarily the book strongly opposes the NT intervention describing it as ‘a textbook example of why government policies continue to fail Aboriginal people: the policy approach is ideologically driven rather than making reference to the considerable research on what actually works on the

ground; the rhetoric of acting in the best interests of Aboriginal people, or children, masks a broader policy agenda unrelated to the ostensible focus of policy; the approach is paternalistic and top-down rather than collaborative’ (Behrendt 2008, p. 18).

An overwhelming consensus of those who have engaged with the matter agree that the only way forward is to provide Indigenous people with a ‘genuine opportunity to participate in the dialogue’ surrounding Indigenous affairs and development (Dodson 2008, p. 28). As confirmed by Anderson in describing the crucial importance of committing ‘to genuine consultation with Aboriginal communities, whether these be in remote, regional or urban settings’ in order to produce effective progress in the future (2008, p.133).

COERCIVE RECONCILIATION: STABILISE, NORMALISE, EXIT ABORIGINAL AUSTRALIA

Jon Altman and Melinda Hinkson, 2008

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In addition to aptly critisising the actions of previous Australian governments, a clear picture is described of the severe lack of infrastructure that exists in Indigenous communities and the ubiquitous need for greater provision of resources to Indigenous Australians. The following statistics acting as a pertinent indicator of this: 54 per cent of remote communities do not have a health clinic

• 99 per cent have no substance abuse service

• 94 per cent do not have a pre-school

• only 6 per cent of Aboriginal communities have a child care centre

• 2 per cent have a women’s refuge or safe house

• 2 per cent have housing for single men while the availability of single women’s housing is staggeringly low at 4 per cent

• over 60 per cent of Aboriginal people over the age of fifteen are living in overcrowded houses

(Steering Committee for the Review of Government Service Provision, 2007)

The book describes how the implementation of autocratic, top-down policy has been of great detriment to Indigenous Australians and clearly outlines the need to work collaboratively with Aboriginal people to improve the current state of affairs; this extends beyond just policy and is applicable across all scales, including that of the built environment.

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CONTEMPORARY RACISM IN AUSTRALIA: THE EXPERIENCES OF ABORIGINES

David Mellor, 2003

POWER FROM THE PEOPLE: A COMMUNITY-BASED APPROACH TO INDIGENOUS SELF-DETERMINATION

Larissa Behrendt, 2003

In a critical analysis of Australia’s current political and legal system, Behrendt presents a solid argument for significant reform that would allow for greater representation of Indigenous Australians in decision making processes that affect their lives.

She declares that their is no desire for a separatist movement but after a clear acknowledgment of ineffective policy of previous government asserts the need to encourage a sense of autonomy through the inclusion and engagement of Aboriginal people in Indigenous affairs. She states that ‘benevolent policy-making is not going to provide a solution’ and that providing greater control is the way to avoid future welfare dependencies (Behrendt 2003, p. 139). She provides legitimate and realistic suggestions for future progression to improve Indigenous affairs in Australia.

In a study that investigated experiences of racism in contemporary society, 34 Aboriginal Australians gave their account on the matter in open-ended interviews. The overwhelming consensus was that though it may appear that racism today takes a more subtle form, this would only be the case if the perpetrators were the focus of the study. The reality is that, ‘from the accounts of the victims, it seems racism still impinges on daily life in a complex manner’ (Mellar 2003, p. 485)

Undeniably, this is the case in contemporary Australia. Noted through cultural dominance, misinformed prejudices purported by media outlets, government policy and society’s everyday interaction with Indigenous Australians, modern day Australia appears far from progressive in this regard.

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DIALOGUE WITH A POST-GRADUATE STUDENT

Stephen Muecke, 1992

MIND, BODY AND SPIRIT: PATHWAYS FORWARD FOR RECONCILIATION

Larissa Behrendt, 2001

In a very topical article, Muecke, through a posed discussion with a student questions why the interest into studying Indigenous affairs is growing and resonating in popularity with young people.

In particular he questions the appropriateness of studying Aboriginal culture through the western model of a university; ‘Do you ‘go bush’ or into a community, or do you work through the literature?’ (Muecke 1992, p. 200)

If done correctly, this eduction can become an affirmative one based on becoming, dissemination and exchange, not an analysis based on victimisation and oppression. Arguably, in this regards, it seems The Bower Studio takes a very appropriate pedagogical approach.

Behrendt, again, strongly puts forth methods of producing better circumstances for future generations of Indigenous Australians. A significant part of this is taking lessons from the past, not to produce a sense of guilt, but to inform a better level of understanding. She addresses contentious land rights issues and encourages legal reform to Australia’s constitution.

She also calls for a level of empathy from all Australians for these issues claiming ‘there needs to be an embrace of the spirit of reconciliation’. This ‘sentiment captures the sense of shared humanity coupled with a respect and celebration of difference that true reconciliation embodies. If we... embrace these notions, I believe that our laws and governments will follow’ (Behrendt 2001, p. 52).

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Providing an example of successful approaches to community development programs, Paul Pholeros is an impressive precedent for how to achieve results when working in Indigenous communities.

The approach taken outlines a set of priorities and healthy living practices that through implementation are highly likely to improve health conditions of Aboriginal people.

The results have been highly successful in a range of projects and Pholeros has continued his practice for over two decades

now, currently extending his work beyond Australia’s borders and creating an highly regarded international reputation.

One of the most commendable elements to the approach taken here is the ‘No Survey without a Service’ doctrine that he applies, which sees immediate action taken to problems that are identified in a community. The result based approach sees effective work realized on the ground which is certainly worthy of praise in a political environment where development has a history of moving at a glacial pace and is often non-beneficial..

HOUSING FOR HEALTH:

Towards a Healthy Living Environment for Aboriginal Australia

Paul Pholeros, 1993

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HOUSING FOR HEALTH:

9 Strategies to eliminate health issues

1. Washing People

2. Washing Clothes/Bedding

3. Removing Waste Water Safely

4. Improving Nutrition, the Ability to Store, Prepare and Cook Food

5. Reduce Negative Impacts of Over-Overcrowding

6. Reducing Negative Effects of Animals, Insects and Vermin

7. Controlling the Temperature of the Living Environment

8. Reducing Health Impacts of Dust

9. Reducing Hazards That Cause Trauma

(Pholeros 1993, p. xi)

Image 3.

Paul Pholeros

Housing for Health Strategies

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INVESTIGATING TRADITIONAL ABORIGINAL ARCHITECTURE

Image 4.

Traditional Humpy dwelling

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A MATTER OF CONTROL

Aboriginal housing circumstances in remote communities & settlements

Joseph P. Reser, 1979

Reser describes the inconsistencies that exist with Aboriginal domiciliary lifestyles and European housing through going into greater detail of a more traditional setting. ‘Typically it takes 4-6 hours to produce an Aboriginal vernacular dwelling [serviceable for up to two years]... It is modifiable to suit prevailing conditions daily and is not so much lived in as around’ (Reser 1979, p. 67).

Predominantly, he argues that the debilitating loss of control that exists for

those whom have moved from a traditional Aboriginal setting to a house of some description is the principle cause for the development of feelings of stress and anxiety.

The undesirability of a lack of flexibility to account for various cultural considerations, in addition to a considerable lack of vision and surveillance of ones domain shows how traditional customs ought to inform contemporary projects.

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GUNYAH GOONDIE + WURLEY

Paul Memmott, 2007

This excellent publication by Paul Memmott is extremely informative in explaining diverse range of Aboriginal ethno-architecture and the long established traditions that existed well before colonialisation.

A well highlighted element of the many documented tradition structures is the understanding of Australia’s prevailing climate and the magnificently simplistic structures that accounted for such conditions.

Additionally, Memmott provides a detailed account of the diverse and complex nature of territorial behavior in Aboriginal camps; including traditional customs, spatial arrangements and much more.

The book provides an indisputable argument against the Terra nullius account of pre-colonialised Australia given by European settlers.

It is a great tool for clearly identifying stark contrasts in architectural design preferences between what

Western culture is traditionally used to and what is looked favorably upon by Australia’s Indigenous community.

A particular interest was the way in which Memmot describes how patterns of traditional camp settings have been reinterpreted on many occasions to suit certain housing situations or indeed has resulted in the failure of particular housing designs. More recently, town-camps providing examples of the way in which traditional Aboriginal architecture is influences by age old traditions.

Needless to say, it thus becomes crucial to understand this different set of values before undertaking a design task for a cultural group that the designer is not necessarily affiliated with, this book providing a fantastic basis for this, additionally, it makes very clear the need for a consultation based approach when dealing with the infinite complexities of Indigenous Australian culture; an task for almost all Westerners.

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Image 4.

Traditional domiciliary camp layout

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CLASSROOM LEARNING

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Image 5.

Traditional Aboriginal humpy structure

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STUDENT LEAD SEMINARS

CDE group 1. A Transitional House

M. Heppel - A Black Reality: Aboriginal Camps and Housing (Canberra 1979) discusses the transitional model for Indigenous housing. What is it? Is it an outdated model or is it worth revisiting this precedent for future housing projects?

‘A house is a good thing. You can lock it up and go and live anywhere you like”

Walter Pakatiwara

(Heppell 1978, p. 50)

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WHAT IS IT?

“The symbol of neglect, the humpy, is to be replaced by the symbol of assistance, the newly-built house” (Sanders, 2000)

Ultimately, transitional housing is was an ignorant response to the culture shock that white Australian’s experienced after seeing Aboriginal people living in traditional vernacular settings and a part of a broader policy approach that aimed to assimilate Indigenous Australians into a more Anglo-Saxon style of living.

Questionably, there were empathetic intentions, as of opposed to elitist ones, which saw the efforts taken to assimilate Aboriginal people believed to ‘improve the material lives of Aborigines and to provide them with equal access to social services’ (Manning 2004, p. 207).

However, even with kind-hearted intentions, it is niave to suggest that housing is the answer to improving the state of Indigenous affairs in Australia.

‘Aboriginal groups have survived in Australia for at least 40 000 years without substantial forms of housing. To suggest that they have managed this without family stability and self-respect stretches credibility’ (Heppell, 1978:46).

The biggest inconsistency here is simply white Australia’s inability to perceive of way of life that doesn’t centre upon a European style house. We refused to deviate from this train of thought which saw the state of Aboriginal affairs ‘measured by the visual horror of people living in humpies’ (Memmot 1988, p. 35) and relied upon a traditional mind set, as outlined by Robert Menzies, that identified that ‘the home is the foundation of sanity and sobriety; it is the indispensable condition of continuity; its health determines the health of society as a whole’ (Manning 2004, p. 196).

This mentality was clearly displayed in Gough Whitlam’s promise in 1971 that, if elected to office, he would house all Aboriginal people in the next ten

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years and lead to the further implementation of the transitional model across much of Central Australia (Memmott 1988, p. 34).

The transitional model, implemented initially in 1957, saw the construction of dwellings that were intended to ‘teach’ Indigenous Australians how to ‘behave’ like Anglo-Australians. And, if they were successful in adhering to a set of guidelines that displayed their adequate domestic skills, transitional residents would be rewarded with better housing; an oppressive approach to development that displayed a manipulative control over Aboriginal people by the State (Manning 2004, p. 198).

The transitional model took a three stage approach, each stage providing incrementally better housing, in the process of assimilating towards living in a European style dwelling. A significant lack of foresight resulted in families, having passed all the domestic tests, made to move to obtain something better. Therefore existing in a twilight world, being neither

conventional nor traditional (Heppell 1978, p.40).

The point here is that what was suggested is as misguided in the proposed approach its overall intentions. Aboriginal housing policy consistently displays a stark contrast between government objectives and a consideration of remote Aboriginal requirements. Constructions, whether good or bad, tending to be irrelevant (Heppell 1978, p.7). No more is this the case as with the implementation of the transitional model.

“If there were a continuum between traditional Aboriginal dwelling and conventional European house, the transitional ‘house’ does not appear to be on it (whereas a mobile home, for example, might be). That is the principal reason why it has been found unsatisfactory by Aborigines and has been rejected ” (Heppell 1978, p.15)

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“There simply were not enough funds to build sufficient transitional houses to enable each Aboriginal family to take its first uncertain steps on the road to the full efflorescence of Western domestic skills” (Heppell, 1978: 10)

Image 6.

Table of construction figures

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HOWROYD HOUSE

An attempt at designing with an anthropological approach saw the development of the Howroyd house. Though met with strong and well informed local Aboriginal objections to the design, the Department of Aboriginal Affairs decided to ignore the Aborigines and support the European, and provided funds for this project” (Heppell, 1978:32)

Howroyd painted a traditional representation of a goanna on a screen, much to the embarrassment of the group for whom it was intended as the goanna is a sacred object and should not be publicly exhibited. Overall, for a multitude of reasons Howroyd’s design was not a success. (Heppell, 1978:34)

Image 8.

Howroy House - central courtyard

Image 7.

Howroy House - Plan

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LOOMA HOUSE

Once again, poor, over prescriptive design resulted in the Looma house being an unsuccessful attempt at transitional housing. Dust continually flowed through the breezeway, collecting and requiring constant maintenance; sweeping up to ten times a day. The central living area was highly susceptible to flooding and the toilet was located inappropriately at the front of the house in view of all those occupying the central courtyard.

“The situation at Looma is that, by conventional European standards, a number of sub-standard houses have been provided. The houses do not permit the Aborigines to enjoy the comforts normally provided by a conventional house” (Heppell, 1978:42)

“In the Looma houses, Aborigines can neither be like Europeans nor like traditional Aborigines, nor hope to be like either” (Heppell, 1978:42)

Image 9.

Looma House - Plan

Image 10.

Looma House - Front Elevation

Image 11.

Kingstand House

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KINGSTRAND HOUSEThe Kingstrand house was a design that was constructed on a broad scale across much of Central Australia. However, it’s poor climatic design made it uninhabitable for much of the year and did not provide adequate facilities to live in conditions that were in anyway better than a humpy, ultimately leading to ts rejection by Aboriginal people.

The Kingstrand house was so poorly designed that during the summer the interior was 10⁰C higher than outside temperature and 13⁰C higher than the temperature inside a spinifex covered humpy” (Heppell, 1978:10)

In the winter the shacks became uncomfortably cold, requiring a fire to be lit, few aluminium shacks having fireplaces, fires were lit on the floor, an action which demonstrated to officials that the family did not possess the necessary domestic skills to advance” (Heppell, 1978:10)

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THE MISGUIDED MODEL

THE RESULT

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AN APPROACH TO FUTURE DEVELOPMENT

“It would be wrong, however, to suggest that the Indigenous tradition of housing in Australia is not still alive and of great relevance to the present. Indigenous people’s lifestyles and shelters have, to a very significant degree, become Europeanised, but there are still important differences in the way Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians value, use and relate to housing. The Indigenous tradition is alive and well, even if substantially changed. It has not been totally subsumed or overrun by the non-Indigenous tradition and this needs to be constantly recalled” (Sanders, 2000: 238)

So the suggestion would indicate that a greater, more open minded approach to

design needs to be taken into account when dealing with Indigenous housing programs that will take into account cultural considerations to their design and ultimately work collaboratively with the individuals that their designs concern.

“Architects need to accelerate their research effort to document and evaluate their housing solutions, continued studies of domiciliary lifestyle, investigate aspects of Aboriginal phenomenology of objects, link their research to models of cultural change, examine the potential application of findings at regional levels, educate young practitioners (esp. Aboriginal ones) and encourage them to participate in this specialised field” (Memmot 1988, p. 35).

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ESQUISSE 1.

Team D - Kat, Llew & Mitch.

Task: The pavilions we build need to be fitted out with appropriate furniture to suit the needs of the end-users. We would like you to think about the most efficient and robust way to construct two benches - one to sit on and the other to use as a table. Model and draw a series of four alternatives using Stramit’s ‘C sections’ as framing.

Bench Option 1.

Large Robust Table

3000x1500x700mm

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Bench Option 2.

Low Lying Bench

2000x500x300mm

Bench Option 3.

Seating With Backrest

2000x500x300mm

Height of Backrest: 700mm

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Bench Option 4.

Wrapping Around Structure

1500x500x500mm

Bench Option 5.

Movable Box

2000x500x300mm

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The process of designing this series of benches, greatly relied upon developing an understanding of the limitations of using C sections as the framing material.

These steel members greatly limit how flexible a designer can be because the large pieces are only, realistically joinable from one side, where the face of one member can be attached to that of another.

The problem that arises when these connections are made is that the C sections flange and sharp edges are often exposed; the edges potentially producing a significant hazards for the users of the furniture.

Though the furniture suggested is, no doubt, robust, predominantly the connection points are clearly exposed meaning it could be quite easily taken apart if required, this is potentially a great down-fall. The use of right angle brackets may be an effective way of producing cleaner joins and reducing the amount of edges exposed as seen in the movable box design.

Overall, it would be better to see the production of something cleaner and safer that expresses a great level of architectural flair.

Bench Option 6.

Bench Spanning Structural Posts

3010x700x900mm

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LEARNING FROM CRESWICK

March 19th, 20th and 21st saw students attend The University of Melbourne’s Creswick Campus, to get gain hands on experience and introduce studio members into the tools and processes involved in producing the structures they were to be constructing the following month in Central Australia.

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As someone who has had a greater exposure to construction practices in the past than many members of the studio, I was unsure what I would get out of our time at Creswick. However, there were many processes that were employed in the tasks we undertook that, ideally, simplified the building process and complemented the idea of a ‘kit of parts’ construction that could be replicated in remote communities without the reliance upon extensive knowledge in the construction industry. This is, personally, a very interesting element to the design of these shade structures.

These included the use of templates to ensure connections are accurate and uniform across the structure, helping to establish where to drill, angle grind and orient brackets. Another similar tool utilised was the square timber frame an easy tool for ensuring holes are in the correct location, staples are parallel and posts are in the correct position prior to concreting.

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The tasks undertaken at Creswick saw students learn how to safely and confidently operate power tools including drills, impact drivers, angle grinders, a cut-off saw and drop saw. We were involved in the process of erecting and ‘squaring up’ structural members of the pavilion and also manually producing 32mpa concrete to produce adequate footings.

The tasks performed and the act of living with one another for three days saw strong, positive relationships created between the members of the studio. And, ultimately provided a great sense of confidence that we could work effectively together to achieve the desired results when the time came to work in remote communities.

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LEARNING TO BEND STEEL

Designing & Building Furniture using C Sections

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be bent at right-angles, after removing a section of the flange.

This meant that we were able to produce neat, robust furniture that had no sharp edges showing. Once topped with hardwood timber slats, that were attached in such a way that hid any connections, the furniture proved to be something that we were all quite proud of.

At Creswick, the six CDE level students were given the task of producing furniture using C sections that had to provide a seating area and additionally house a built in barbeque.

Our perception of what was possible with the steel material was completely altered after working with James Neil, Bower’s resident builder, who informed us of a process that would allow steel members to

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Esquisse 2 involved revisiting and critiquing the work produced by a different team in Esquisse 1, evaluating the success of their work and reinterpreting how the task could have been performed.

Having just returned from Creswick where we learned a great deal about how to effectively produce furniture using C sections as framing and how to bend such members at sharp angles, Matt, Lily and Kate produced very different design options than we had previously proposed (pictured).

Our understanding of the capacity of this material, in this context, had significantly altered through hands on experience and the result showed that we know better understood this material to be far less restrictive than originally imagined.

ESQUISSE 1 + 2.

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The previous team had produced a model of the structures that were to be built in the communities of Areyonga and Amoonguna and a series of photographs (left) that, when coupled with diagrammatic annotations, explained the construction process in great detail.

Our group elected to put produce a stop-motion film, that saw cardboard workers act out the processes involved in constructing these pavilions. The film is a resource that could potentially be a very interactive tool in helping to engage and inform those who are working with us on site in the remote communities.

ESQUISSE 1 + 2.

Kat, Llew and myself were given the task of evaluating and reinterpreting the task completed by Matt, Lily and Kate for Esquisse 1.

Task: The structure we have been asked to build is deceptively simple but there are a number of tricky details that we will have to content with. Build a 1:10 scale model of the structure and think carefully about the relationship/differences between building at 1:10 scale and at 1:1 scale. How can the pavilion be built to minimise any OH&SE issues such as working at heights? What processes can be put in place to simplify the steps and keep everyone safe?

The results of this Esquisse were to be presented in class to Ken Newman, MacDonnell Regional Council Area Manager who was visiting from Alice Springs and had been integral to this project coming to fruition.

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Esquisse 2 saw Anastasia, Emma and Naomi develop a set of instructions for constructing the pavilions that we were to build in upcoming weeks in Central Australia. They put a great deal of effort into making them understandable for the students who had not been exposed to particular tasks and additionally the local work force, whom should not be expected

to have a command over the English language in written form.

The instructions produced were really effective and clearly set out into well defined, chronologically performed tasks and included a great deal of explanatory axonometric diagrams and details.

The task made gave the whole group a sense of confidence that we could achieve

ESQUISSE 2.

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all that we were setting out to do.

It was also very easy to see the great amount of learning that had been undertaken through our time at Creswick. Students now had a much clearer understanding of the process involved in constructing these pavilions; both on the scale of the overall timeline of construction and each individual task that is required for the build.

The build involves a range of process that aren’t necessarily standard but have been tried and tested on previous builds and confirmed at Creswick.

This team produced a legible document that was greatly informative, clearly explained the entire construction process that will make for great resource whilst on site.

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KEN NEWMAN

MacDonnell Shire Area Manager

Presentation on Information for Students Visiting Amoonguna and Areyonga

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A PARTNERSHIP

We were lucky enough to have Ken Newman available to attend the last studio class prior to flying to Central Australia.

Ken provided students with a great insight into what to expect from our time in working in remote Aboriginal communities and working with the local workforce. He also provided us with comprehensive background information of the areas we were visiting and covered a list of do’s and don’ts with regards to working and interacting with Aboriginal people and visiting these communities.

He was extremely positive about the upcoming build and stressed that the people of both Areyonga and Amoonguna

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were excited about our arrival and the construction of new public infrastructure in their communities.

In addition to providing general information and an overview of what to expect from the upcoming trip, Ken was happy to answer a series of questions that students had prepared and emailed to him prior to his arrival in Melbourne that proved to be very insightful.

One thing that was stressed throughout discussion with Ken was that for many of those living in Central Australia English is not a language that is necessarily familiar, commonly a being the second, third of forth language that a person learns. He stressed

the need to understand this and not expect everybody to be able to engage in conversation as easily as we would perhaps expect. This, like many other aspects of dealing with Aboriginal people we are to come in contact with, requires a significant level of awareness & respect.

Ken appeared to be very proud of the work conducted by the Civil Works team in each community and was excited about the chance for both the students and the local workforce to work collaboratively on these projects. This is, personally, something that is a very interesting element to this project and something to look forward to.

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• Known locally as Utju, located at western end of the MacDonnell Ranges, roughly 100km from Hermannsburg and 240km west of Alice Springs.

• 235 residents are mostly Pitjantjatjara speakers, having originally come from the Petermann Ranges in the 1920s when Anangu were forced to leave the Docker River area during a long running drought.

• Despite being a relatively small population, it is a proud and vital community with its own store, community hall and a weekly air service. (Newman 2014, p. 2)

AREYONGA

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• Located 21km south-east of Alice Springs.

• 275 residents are mostly Eastern and Central Arrente speakers

• A Health Clinic and Primary School both operate in Amoonguna independent of Macdonnell Regional Council (Newman 2014, p. 2)

AMOONGUNA

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OFF WE GO....

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Journal Entry One: Evening of Sunday 12th

So we head to our first community tomorrow, Amoonguna, located just twenty minutes out of town. I have no idea what to expect; yet to truly conceive of what an Aboriginal community will be like. And, though my mind entertains the idea, I highly doubt I will be able to draw many parallels from my previous Bower experience in PNG.

I am interested in seeing the value of project to the community and I imagine the level of community engagement and it’s reception will gauge my perception of this. I am hoping that starting the project will spark a greater level of discussion between all studio members with regard to critically evaluating our input in the community, certainly not to produce feelings of animosity about our involvement but to foster interesting discussions that identify what has driven each of us to do this type of studio and would help me learn more about the people I am sharing this experience with.

I believe we are incredibly privileged to have this opportunity to observe and engage in these communities and I hope that all twelve students make the most of it.

I am extremely excited to explore the landscape of Central Australia and will take any chance I can to soak it in before I have to go back to reality. This morning we drove through the Gap to Ellery Big Hole

where we had a swim and a picnic lunch with the whole crew. The drive and the gorge were incredibly beautiful and we all thoroughly enjoyed our time there.

After fetching a few supplies in town, we met David, James and Matt at Anzac Park to brief ourselves on tomorrows activities. We were introduced to Brendan McNiven a principle at Arup who would be joining us for part of the build and we went through the cubby activity that the thesis student will do at the school tomorrow.

I am very excited to begin building tomorrow; keen to meet people in the community, understand the projects context and do some physical work. I don’t find the task daunting, however I find the dynamic of these communities incredibly intriguing. I am doing my best not to develop too many expectations.

I am really enjoying my group of CDE students, of whom I am to spend most of my time with whilst away, they all seem great.

I can’t wait for a fun and insightful day tomorrow.

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Journal Entry Two: Evening of Monday 13th

So, first day down. It was really good. It was a slow start and the local workers were very quiet around us to begin with. I began to question how welcome we were and if I had been responsible for making anyone feel uncomfortable but it didn’t take long before, I feel, they began to warm up to us.

The team leader, Tony, was easy to talk to as we broke the ice over discussing orientation and siting, (perhaps made easier by the fact I’m a guy and initiated the discussion). The location of the big shady was already somewhat pre-determined before we had got there as the workers had leveled the site but in asking Tony and the others where to dig the holes they suggested away from the tree roots, furthest from the road, this finalised the location; assisted by the use of the square timber frame as a visual and tangible guide. By the end of the day it was really easy to effectively work along side the locals and communication became easy.

The project seems like it will be genuinely beneficial to the community. One worker, Leeroy, was saying that when people do order a taxi they will get charged an extra $50 if the taxi has to drive into the community, so people wait at our site, the entrance to the community. I can only hope that the project provides an appropriate place to catch a taxi or bus from but additionally makes for a ‘welcoming point’ that makes

the community appear more inviting or reputable for people on arrival.

I am finding the workers really interesting and insightful to talk to and believe it may even be proving to be better than the research the thesis students are undertaking. I am learning a great deal about the dynamic of the community through very unimposing conversation.

Leeroy was explaining to me today about the football carnival that ran over Easter, in which he represented Amoonguna. He was explaining the lack of youth that play for Amoonguna as potentially a reason for why they didn’t do so well. He went on to describe that most young men move into Alice Springs once they begin High School because that is where football training, matches and facilities are (as well as school). This was certainly something that I found startling, it is incredible to think adolescents are leaving home as young teenagers because they want greater access to football facilities.

We were lucky enough to camp at Trephina Gorge tonight. A very beautiful place again, where we were able to ‘decompress’ and all but fall asleep in the bottom of a dry, sandy river bed as we watched the sun go down, surrounded by incredible rock formations.

Camping is a joy and the stars above, as I write this, are simply incredible.

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Day one allowed for some great opportunities to employ a range of activities that we had prepared prior to leaving to assist in the development of relationships between students and locals. This included sharing the stop-motion film that our group had prepared for Esquisse 2 with the men from the civil works team. Though the film is overly simplistic and shows little detail, it made for a simple activity that helped to break the ice and give the guys we were working with a better idea of the process we would follow. Additionally, the thesis students spent time at the local primary school where they did the Bower cubby activity with the kids. By all accounts this was fun for everybody involved and a very good way to meet young members of the community in a very positive engaging way.

ENGAGEMENT

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BRING ON DAY TWO...

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Journal Entry Three: Evening of Tuesday 13th

I am having a blast. Yes, I’m tired and sore, I have a couple of cuts and blisters, I got a blood nose whilst working in the 37o heat today but I doubt I could be happier. I really like it up here and have been very lucky to get access to the community of Amoonguna like we have today.

The day started with waking to the colours of first light at Trephina Gorge, simply stunning. We made an effort to get to site really early to avoid mucking around the schedules of the workers. Saying this, once we got to site they had a little bit of other work to do before they could help us, which was fine because putting the ‘Y frame’ together still took some time and did not require everyone’s assistance. The entire morning was rather relaxed and yet we had erected all the structural components of the building by noon.

We were treated to a very special lunch with the local workforce who cooked a BBQ and taught us how to cook Kangaroo tails in the coals of a fire. An amazing cultural experience that was greatly appreciated by all the students.

Building with the local workers is interesting, I am sometimes hesitant to ask if someone would like to assist in a particular task as I don’t want to sound pushy. However, the guys are extremely willing to help with anything, often it is that act of one of the students asking that sees them happily offer their

assistance when otherwise they may stand by the wayside.

After lunch we went about our first research task. The intention was to walk around the community and determine, through observation, what was important to consider in designing the furniture for the big shady. Certainly, the most interesting element to this was the broader scope of experiencing an aboriginal community first hand. It is hard to describe what I thought of this experience, I am fairly highly strung in some regards, and I was concerned at first about the imposing nature of six students walking around as a group, accompanied by two tutors and three local who were employed by the shire, as we took observations and noted what we saw. I was somewhat reserved in how much I wanted to record, but this experience was undeniably valuable in providing us with an understanding of the way in which the community operated and was found to be incredibly insightful.

At one point of our walk two of the workers that had been helping us with the build pointed out their house, they shared a concrete block structure and had re-appropriated the carport into an outdoor under cover area that housed a table and chairs. They had made walls from corrugated iron to partially enclose the space and they showed a great deal of pride in the dwelling that they called home.

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One of these workers had explained yesterday that he lived in the community as a single man. He had a wife who had divorced and moved away, two children who lived in Perth and a son who has moved into Alice Springs to play football and rarely returns to Amoonguna. He was a very happy guy who was excited to point out his house that stood out as being particularly well maintained. What I found interesting was the strong sense of pride that this man, and certainly the other workers expressed for their community. A pride that doesn’t seem to resonate as much with younger community members, inferred from such observations as the burnt play ground equipment and outdoor public furniture, graffiti and vandalism and through conversations with the local workforce.

Housing was extremely interesting to observe, all of which had been awfully designed to account for the harsh climate of Central Australia. This had resulted in practically every house having a personalised addition to it that provided some sort of outdoor shaded area. In general, it was notable that people

appreciated a significant level of privateness to there house and their outdoor living spaces. This saw many areas enclosed with shade cloth, corrugated iron, wooden slats or a type of bunting. Regardless of this element of privacy a high degree of outdoor living was clearly apparent in the community.

Yet, in contrast to the efforts to enclose a space, it was notable that positions that allowed for a view, or perhaps a degree of surveillance, over the immediate surrounds were also preferenced. This is where many chairs and couches seemed to be positioned, often exposed, which is somewhat at odds with idea of producing a heightened sense of privacy through previously explained add ons to existing structures.

There was clearly evidence that unshaded outdoor areas get used, judging by clusters of rubbish and fire pits that were found throughout the community in open areas of people’s yards and some people who where sitting on the ground outside socialising.

The following sketches were used to document my observations as photography is not allowed in the community.

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VERY CLOSED OFF PRIVACY SCREENING USED ON VERANDAH

PEOPLE USING OUTDOOR AREAS OF PROPERTY REGARDLESS OF BEING IN

THE SUN

OPEN AND EXPOSED AREA TO SIT AND WATCH, POTENTIALLY ENJOYING THE SUNAREAS THAT OVERTLY EXPRESS DESIRES

OF PRIVACY. ENCLOSED SECTION OF VERANDAH WITH SHADE CLOTH AND A WALL OF

RATTAN OR BAMBOO.

FENCES ARE NOTABLY HIGHLY VALUED IN THE COMMUNITY

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AGED MENS QUARTERS?

This was an interesting structure that was located at the south-east corner of the community. It comprised of two buildings, facing one another to share a communal causeway which were then divided up into three very small, I imagine, one bedroom units. Judging by those out the front I thought they must be housing for older men who live in the community. These were relatively unique compared to other structure we observed.

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PERSONALISING SPACE THROUGH CONSTRUCTION

Almost every house in the community had some level of retrofitting done to the existing structures, both to personalise them to the desires of the residents and to also improve upon the originally poor designs.

The most extensive of these additions to the houses that I noted was this additional structure (left) that was built in a front yard out of large timber members that produced a post and beam construction that had the equivalent of walls and a ceiling added to it with through the addition of shade cloth. This may have once housed a car, however, it currently was used as an outdoor bedroom. A bed and a mattress were positioned inside, somewhat under cover. What was interesting was how clearly exposed this structure and potential sleeping area was. It was really beneficial in obtaining an insight into the desires of those that lived in Amoonguna with regards to the built environment and housing design and the great short comings of current housing.

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‘THE STANDARD”

The housing that was most often provided in these communities was extremely poorly designed. A design that I identified to be ‘the standard’, or the most common was a very small concrete brick structure that was highly unsuitable for Central Australia’s climatic conditions, let alone the desired lifestyle of Aboriginal people in the commnity.

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BUILT BY MEMBERS OF THE COMMUNITY FOR THE COMMUNITY

In talking to Leeroy, he explained that there used to be a registered builder who lived in the community (a very rare thing to happen). This lead to the civil works team gaining an amount of funding to construct a series of houses, which Leeroy pointed out to me. These houses were concrete block, like most of the other structures in the community, but they were far more appropriately designed to deal with the prevailing climate.

A verandah circled each structure, which provided a great deal of shade and outdoor living space for the occupants. In each case it was clear to see that this space was regularly used through observing the amount of people using couches, seat and even mattresses in these areas. These spaces had been far greater personalised because there was the capacity too but this was also an indication that the people had a greater ownership over their home.

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YOUTH IN THE COMMUNITY

It is not my intention to frame this in a negative light. The graffiti that I documented (pictured left) was painted on a fence in the community of Amoonguna and is only an indication of a particular individual’s opinion. It is open to one’s imagination as to whom painted this but it was unavoidable in my mind not to attribute this to an adolescent member of the community who was going out of their way to express their dissatisfaction with Amoonguna.

This observation made me consider the fact that I had seen very few youth in the

community and built upon conversations I had had with the civil works team who said young people, particularly men, will leave the community in their adolescence as Alice Springs provides much more for them to do; football and school for example are only accessible in town.

This is an area that I believe requires addressing and the topic of youth development and engagement is something that I would be interested in following up on with further research when I arrive back to Melbourne.

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After being given the chance to explore the community, we returned to the caravan park we were camping at. Here, we cooked dinner and began discussing how what we had seen today would inform the designing of the furniture that we would begin to build the following day. We were up till after 12pm finalising our designs, ready to show our supervisors and the civil works team in the morning. In addition to presentation drawings of our design, we also put together a cutting list, which clearly displayed our understanding of the process that constructing this furniture would require.

SITE CONTEXT

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3D MODELLED

HAND DRAWN PERSPECTIVESITE PLAN & LANDSCAPING

CONSTRUCTION METHOD

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Journal Entry Four: Afternoon of Wednesday 14th

Today was a big day, but one that has set up tomorrow to be even bigger. We achieved a great deal and have made significant progress into the construction of our furniture, which we will complete tomorrow.

The morning began by putting on the roof sheeting; a task we had deliberately left to complete in the morning when it is cooler. This only took an hour and a half. Tony was the only member of the civil works team who was qualified to work at heights, so he was the only person able to assist David in screwing off the corrugated iron. This saw the structure aspect of the pavilion completed before we stopped for lunch.

Whilst the roofing was going on, our designs for the furniture where presented to Matt, George & and other workers that were free to chat. We received an overwhelming green-light and quickly nutted out any minor details and adjustments needed.

The SHS that was used for the upright posts in the pavilion required a layer of paint to reduce corrosion. The colour selection and

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striped pattern was decided upon after discussing the options with a few workers who suggested the use of Amoonguna’s football colours. These were painted with a great deal of help from the local workforce.

The afternoon saw Matt and myself head into Alice Springs to collect lengths of timber to use for the furniture. Meanwhile, the rest of our CDE team began work on landscaping the area around the pavillion. This was a brilliant activity that saw a huge level of engagement from the local guys who were working with us and gave them a fantastic opportunity to utilise their skills in operating heavy-duty machinery. A front end loader was used to bring four large

tractor tyres to the site and later to fill them with sand, which they went and collected from the local river bed to ensure they don’t go anywhere. This skill-set was also taken advantage of in bringing a great deal of mulch to the landscaped area where it was dumped and spread.

As most of the civil works team knocked off by 3pm today, we were left with the final task of cutting timber into lengths, which would eventually sit on top of our C-section framing, and painting them. This was a somewhat relaxing way to finish the day but by five when we finished we were all pretty spent.

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Something that our group is quite proud of is the way in which have been able to facilitate a level of ownership over the project by members of the community through engaging the local workforce and even those who are working in the visitors office in decision making processes wherever possible.

This can be something as simple as having a discussion about what colours to paint the posts but when taken to the level of producing sketches and engaging locals in producing a range of options and then furthermore the selection process the ownership that results from consultation becomes truly evident.

This is highly evident in the landscaping that has taken place; this is a task that saw a great deal of decision making placed on the local workforce as they have a greater understanding of what is achievable through the use of their skill-sets and as they take the driving seat in leading this aspect of the project it adds to the sense of ownership and overall success of the project.

CONSULTATION

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Journal Entry Five: Evening of Thursday 15th

Today was a slog but incredibly rewarding. It is honestly a credit to our team of CDE students how much we were able to achieve and the quality of the results. I may be somewhat bias, but this is only to say that we are certainly proud of what we produced today.

Unfortunately, today we had little assistance from the local work force, David and Tony being the only members of the civil works team that came to help us in the afternoon. This didn’t inhibit our ability to complete the tasks that we had set out to but it would have been nice to have worked alongside them on the last day as we had all started to develop a delightful camaraderie.

The result was that we were required to work extremely effectively as a team and we certainly rose to the challenge.

The morning saw us effectively break into task based groups to paint timber slats, angle grind C-sections, fold and construct furniture framing, pre-drill holes in flanges for timber connections and dig holes for the set of small footings that our furniture required.

A short break for lunch was taken were we ate under the pavilion, a moment that seemed

significant.

The afternoon saw us bring the completed furniture frames from the workshop around to the shade structure and connect them to the posts, and concrete members in place where needed. The task of connecting the timber slats from below was extremely time consuming and required two people to work effectively together to align the boards and permanently fix them in place. The lowest bench providing me with a claustrophobic task that seemed to stretch out for far too long.

While the furniture was being completed, landscaping tasks continued with the assistance of Tony who had returned after doing other duties throughout the morning. This saw the use of a post-hole digger to put a series of concrete bollards around the pavilion, which served the purpose of both play objects and garden edges.

After we had completed everything, at the end of what already seemed like a huge day, we had to drive back to Alice Springs to purchase things at Bunnings, do groceries and get petrol before we drove an hour and a half to Wallace Rock Hole. We have arrived in the dark and set up camp, there is no doubt I will sleep well tonight.

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THE END OF A BIG DAY...

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FRIDAY 16th MAY

Leaving Wallace Rock Hole early, we drove to Palm Valley, via Hermannsberg where we picked up our permits to enter Areyonga later that day. The trip to Palm Valley was purely recreation, an attempt to see more of Central Australia’s beautiful scenery. It was well worth the detour however we managed to get bogged on the way out, which, though providing a great deal of entertainment, resulted in us arriving to Areyonga later than we had intended.

Once getting to Areyonga, we were required to do a short stint of work to put the roof purlins on the structure that the thesis students had constructed and then we hit the road again, driving for an hour and a half before finding somewhere to camp the night with all the studio members.

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Journal Entry Six: Morning of Sunday 18th

My gosh! After a week of unforgettable experiences, yesterday confirmed how lucky we are to be a part of this studio and how incredibly special this part of the planet is.

Our day off from building involved waking early to scale a large hill in order to catch a beautiful sunrise over tea and coffee with the CDE students. Then departing early to drive to King’s Canon, where we set up camp and had an early lunch at the caravan park before going to do the walk around the rim of this magnificent spectacle.

Almost the entire studio began the walk together, however, Matt, Llew, Lily and myself took a little longer to complete it, taking around five hours to complete the loop. We were more than happy to take the time to soak the beauty of this place in and enjoy the relaxing time outdoors. We saw the day out by catching a beautiful sunset and as we were the last people to leave the car-park we left with a feeling that we had made the most of the day.

And, the night only got better, our group stayed up very late star gazing from the look- out near the caravan park.

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THIS PLACE IS MAGIC...

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Journal Entry Seven: Evening of Sunday 19th

The morning saw a couple of us catch the sunrise before packing up and heading to back Areyonga. Arriving back at around 10:30am we had plenty of time to set up camp, kick the footy and play a few games before meeting David, Matt and James on site at noon. A moment for the highlights reel saw Kat take a mark on the run and go to handball it off to me, only to catch both her feet in a fan belt that was lying around and fall over into a pile of donkey manure, a prominent feature of the Areyonga landscape.

Once we got back on site, we were told that, though the thesis students were to return to work, we had the afternoon to explore and observe the community, hopefully even talking to people if the chance arose, to learn about the dynamic of this community and potentially draw comparisons between Areyonga and Amoonguna.

Firstly, we spent a little bit of time with thesis students who were working to finalise their furniture designs. It seemed that we had developed a better understanding of how to work with C-sections as we had had the practically experience of dealing with them

twice, unlike this group of students. So our advice was well received and moved them in the right direction.

Areyonga proved to be a very curious place to explore. We split up into pairs and walked around the community; myself and Matt paired together. There wasn’t a great deal of opportunity to talk to many people in the community and we certainly didn’t want to impose ourselves upon the locals so we were happy to just visually observe things.

We visited the local church, which was in immaculate condition relative to many other structures in the community. An interesting feature here was that all the bibles were written in Pitjantjatjara; an interesting method to make the church’s doctrine more accessible.

There were accommodation facilities, in the form of small modern units, that were used for visiting health practitioners. They were also very well maintained and included a lockable garage, which added to how out of place they looked. It is a positive sign that such infrastructure does exist allowing that such services to be accessible in remote communities.

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Many people were sitting in their yards around a fire, perhaps because it was quite cool compared to the time we had spent in Areyonga, but nonetheless interesting to observe that this is a common place.

After exploring for a while we met back up with Lily and Kat who had started playing with a group of children. This involved drawing with chalk on the ground and kicking the football and was really enjoyable. Kate and Llew were treated to a big group of kids showing them their favorite places to play. They climbed a big rocky hill and went down to the creek where they went yabbying and played amongst the reeds. I had noted earlier that the creek was a well used place, it was littered with snack packets but it was also notable that people had moved rocks into certain areas to create seating.

By the time we all met up again we had a huge group a kids following us around. The energy was high; I don’t think I’ve played so much tiggy in my life. The children we met were obviously great at making their own fun, very creative and loved being active. Unfortunately, it was clear that a great deal of them had health problems of some description, something that I had

read the prevalence of but never adequately comprehended its degree. Furthermore, when I was playing with some kids they were using my pens and we were drawing and writing our names and such, which demonstrated the extremely poor literacy skills of many of the kids. I have always claimed that health and education are two things that can’t be over prioritsied in under-developed areas and today, though it involved having a lot of fun, furthered this impression and greatened my sympathy for those who don’t have access to the services we so often take for granted.

That night we were invited to the community centre where the leader of the civil works team , Jerry, showed us a range of videos made decades ago that documented the history of Areyonga. They were bizarre to watch in this context, particularly in taking a rather normalised approach in describing assimilation practices of that time. Watching these tapes showed how the blatant ignorance of previous generations and such approaches directly lead to the poor conditions that exist now. It is ultimately just greatly upsetting and requires a greater level of empathy from the rest of Australia.

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Journal Entry Eight: Evening of Monday 20th

This morning wasn’t too rushed, we just had to get the materials ready to take to the primary school in Areyonga by 10:30am where we were going to do the Bower cubby exercise. The kids were out to recess when we arrived to set up so we quickly unpacked the troopy and joined in with the activities that they were playing. It was heaps of fun.

We were set to do the cubby activity after recess so we stopped playing for a couple of moments when the bell went and had a more formal introduction before we were handed over the task of coordinating the kids into activities.

Whilst the majority of the children started on the cubby activity, a smaller group of them helped to paint the timber that would go on top of the thesis students furniture, inside their pavilion. This was a very engaging, fun activity that produced great results. The timber members looked incredible, each completely different and something that later the kids could identify as theirs, adding to the community’s sense of ownership on the pavilion.

The cubby was great fun and showed the high level of creativity that existed within all the students. What I found particularly interesting was the certain things that students were about, particularly when it came to painting. The structure was obviously something that the children will enjoy playing in and around and completely made their own by painting all over.

The whole time spent at the school was so much for everyone involved. When we’d finished packing up we sincerely thanked the school and the students for having us.

Arriving back on site, David briefed us on the task that we would be undertaking on our return to Amoonguna the next day. We would be designing and building another furniture piece to add to the pavilion. A task we were quick to get excited about and begin preparing for.

Before the big trip back to Alice Springs in the afternoon, we got a photo under the shade structure the thesis student had constructed with their civil works team and said goodbye to the members of the community we had come in contact with.

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On the way out of Areyonga we went down to see the football oval. We were interested in seeing the quality of facilities after recently there was an effort to develop the oval and it had gained momentum, seed was sown, a boundary perimeter was constructed but funding was withdrawn which lead to it’s demise.

The teacher at the school had said that the goals at the school get used regularly by the men in the community to play football and after going to the football oval you can see why that would be their preference. The ground is a desolate dust bowl, the ground as hard as rock.

Just next to the football ovals, three peculiar structures were located. We were informed by David that these were transitional housing built in the 70’s for Aboriginal people in an effort to move them off the land, where they would live in humpies or traditional camp setting, and into European style housing. These didn’t appear to be remotely comfortable to live in and just appeared to border or surreal. There were elements that displayed there had been a, somewhat anthropological approach to this style of housing design; there was a fireplace that faced both inside and outside and there was a good level of permeability with regards to vision through the structure. However, the ‘bathroom’ had no sewage plumbed into it, it was extremely hot inside and it allowed for limited outdoor space. Overall, this wouldn’t have been a pleasant

place for anyone to live. And after seeing the movie’s that Jerry had shown us the night previous fostered further frustrating thoughts about the pure ignorance that saw assimilation policy justified in Australia.

On the way back to Alice Springs we stopped briefly at Hermannsberg. We visited the historic district and the potters gallery and studio. The pottery was awesome! The crafted objects were great to observe, they confirmed just how valued sport was to so many Indigenous people and something that is consistently identified with positively. The art pieces primarily glorified moments of AFL history that celebrated Indigenous players. Unfortunately, it was a shame to observe the ubiquitous love of AFL in Central Australia and then at the same time notice the extremely poor AFL facilities in the communities we visited. This is something that Matt and myself became quite passionate about, after leaving Hermansberg, via their relatively poor sporting facilities again, and discussing the way in which we could see huge potential for a range of positive externalities to result from a greater engagement in sport and AFL in Aboriginal communities.

Once we arrived back to Alice Springs we quickly set up our tents at the caravan park and as we were are all extremely exhausted we look like we should be in for very early night.

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It was not only in Areyonga that the sporting facilities were in poor condition, similar situations existed in both Hermansberg and Amoonguna (pictured right). It seems criminal that in communities that would love nothing more than to have great sporting facilities they don’t even come close to being adequately to safely play on. Furthermore, there is a missed opportunity to utilise this love of sport as a means of fostering engagement and promoting a

sense of pride within the community. In many conversations it was expressed that football is played in Alice Springs but it would be fantastic if these facilities allowed people to represent their communities in inter-community football matches in their home towns. This could additionally be harnessed as a tactic for encouraging youth engagement in community activities and could allow for an endless amount of positives to be further taken advantage of.

A LOVE THAT IS DENIED THROUGH LACK OF INFRASTRUCTURE

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HERMANNSBERG FOOTBALL OVAL

AMOONGUNA FOOTBALL OVAL

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Journal Entry Five: Evening of Thursday 15th

We weren’t due on site today until 12pm, though we a arrived a little earlier. Before we got to site our group went to Kmart to print out some photo’s to give to Riva and the guys from the civil works team of our time spent in the community the previous week; a tangible gift that, ideally, showed our appreciation for being able to spend time with those members of the community.

Once on site we had a quick discussion about what we were making, finalised our design and began producing a cutting list. We quickly organised ourselves into teams and set about cutting and painting the timber members, marking out and angle grinding the C-sections and eventually began constructing the final installment of furniture to the pavilion.

Once again, it is a credit to our team of how effectively we could work together to complete the task. This piece was different to the furniture we had produced previously, including and angled section and resting completely on the ground. We used a new method whereby we fill the piece with sand to secure it in place, in addition to fixing it to the upright posts. It was also finished with two boards that were drilled in from the outside.

Overall, the last addition was a very neat piece that added well to the complete construction.

The most encouraging part about returning to Amoonguna, some four days after initially leaving, was that the structure was clearly being used. Members of the civil works team told us that they had waited for taxi’s there over the weekend. And, even more excitedly, there were toys scattered all over the furniture. Kids had been using the structure as a new play space.

Additionally, the local workers had gone to the effort to do more landscaping around the pavilion. It looked great and showed a great level of ownership and pride that the community had taken over the construction.

As we were finishing up, the thesis students arrived, returning from Areyonga, and Ken Newman came to visit us and thank all those involved. To be honest, even now knowing that the build was well appreciated by the communities, I think we are the one’s who ought to be grateful. The opportunity to be invited into, spend time and work along side locals in both Amoonguna and Areyonga has truly opened my eyes to a world that I previously had little conception of. I am so glad that I got the chance to be involved in this project, it is an experience I will never forget and have gained immensely from. Though we are all very tired, it seems a shame to be returning to Melbourne tomorrow.

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DESIGN WORK

A COLLABORATIVE APPROACH BY

MITCHELL GOW & MATT EAGLE

Sport is a successful tool for youth development in Indigenous communities, identified as an existing source of significant enjoyment and additionally a mechanism for encouraging healthy lifestyles.

Our project proposes the development of Community Sports Centres throughout Central Australia, in an effort to improve engagement, particularly with young adolescents, in community sports and recreation activities.

The project is to be done so in partnership with the Centre for Appropriate Technology who will assist in ensuring that the skills and knowledge needed to produce and maintain these facilities are passed on to those living and working in regional centres.

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Serratore’s article outlines the previously unsuccessful attempts to develop the football facilities at Areyonga; a now seven year saga that has not resulted in an adequate oval.

This is somewhat due to a funding cut that greatly held up process but comes as a great disappointment to members of the community. A view echoed by Craig Woods the local football team coach who claims, “Areyonga has a proud footballing history, often competing in - and winning- in Outback community carnivals.” Recently traveling to Docker River, some 600km away to compete in a football carnival and yet this love of the game is not encouraged

by the facilities that the community have access to.

It reminds me of our time in Areyonga when, after completing the cubby exercise at the school, the head teacher has asked us to move the cubby from the tiny grassed oval because ‘the men in the community use the school ground to play football on each night’.

The article and this primary observation show how valued the improvement to sporting facilities would be in communities like Areyonga. As a local council member stated, “once the oval is grassed, the community will be using it everyday” (Serratore, 2010).

INDIGENOUS COMMUNITY LEARNING THROUGH ITS LOVE OF FOOTBALL

Serratore, P. (2010)

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“Sport is a major element in contemporary Aboriginal life: it provides meaning, a sense of purpose and belonging; it is inclusive and embracing in a world where most Aboriginal youth feel alienated, dis-empowered, rejected and excluded.” (Tatz 2012, p. 922)

Tatz suggests that sport is the best tool for tackling a range of youth development issues in Indigenous communities. This includes the extremely high rate of suicide within Australia’s Aboriginal adolescents that escalated to be the highest in the world by the end of the 90’s, a staggering 66.3 per 100,000 across the Northern Territory. (926)

He describes a range of situations where greater engagement in sports and recreation has seen youth kept ‘on-track’.

“Among dozens of examples, Port Lincoln in South Australia is a striking case: in winter, during the football season, juvenile offending by Aborigines is virtually nil. Off-season, it soars. Neither the police nor the Aboriginal community doubt the relationship. Broome and Geraldton in Western Australia, Yuendumu, Barunga and Nguiu in the Northern Territory, Cherbourg and Woorabinda in Queensland, and Condobolin in NSW, among many others, bear out both the assertion and the relationship. There is some evidence that sport and outdoor recreation have drastically reduced the normally high number of juvenile offender at Groove Eylandt in the Northern Territory.” (927)

It seems all too simple, but there appears to be a warranted call for a greater facilitation of youth sporting activities, everywhere in the NT and that run throughout all of the year. The positives that would result would be unless and sport is an activity that is ubiquitously well received by Aboriginal youth.

ABORIGINES, SPORT AND SUICIDE

Tatz, C. (2012)

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The positive outcomes that result from engaging youth in sporting activities are further detailed by in this article.

• “Sport plays a more significant role in the lives of Aboriginals than in any other sector of Australian society

• Sport provides a centrality, a sense of loyalty and cohesion that has replaced some of the ‘lost’ structure in communities that so recently operated as Christian missions and government settlements

• Sport has become a vital force in the very survival of several communities now in danger of social disintegration

• Sport has helped reduce the considerable

internalised violence - homicide, suicide, attempted suicide, rape, self-mutilation, serious assault - prevalent in some disordered communities

• Sport is a cheap enough option in the way it assists in reducing the second-highest cause of Aboriginal deaths, namely from external and non-external causes

• Sport has been effective in keeping youth out of serious (and mischievous) trouble during football and basketball seasons

• Sport has given several communities and regions an opportunity for some autonomy and sovereignty when they organise sport and culture events - such as at Yuendumu and Barunga in the Northern Territory

• Sport takes place despite the absence of facilities, equipment, money for travel, discrimination against teams and/or access to regular competition

• Sport takes place in circumstances and environments that resemble Afghanistan in wartime and Somalia in drought time. Sport is essential to counter the morale and moral despair of many Aboriginals”

ABORIGINES: SPORT, VIOLENCE & SURVIVAL

Tatz, C. (1992)

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“Almost all the literature we have on strategies to combat youth suicide suggests or even insists that they must be culturally sensitive appropriate. The initiatives bode well. But my point is that many modern, organised competitive sports - any of the football codes; athletic events; water sports; cycling; field sports such as cricket, baseball, softball and hockey; or indoor games such as basketball, netball, volleyball and darts - are integral to Aboriginal life, whatever their domains They have seen these sporting activities live or on television or film, and they have played on or another of its forms, even on the most bizarre ‘courts’ and ‘ovals’. Modern, western sport is culturally appropriate; certainly, as we research and read the history of Aboriginal involvement in sport since the

mid-nineteenth century, it has not been yet another colonial imposition, an institution they have had to ‘endure’ as some form of oppressive intrusion. Historically, it is an activity that they run to, literally, to avoid or escape another form of oppression. Sport is there: it is not a strategy we have to invent, and then sell. The ‘product’ is available, but what is so often lacking is the ability to participate fully.” (931)

“For Aborigines, in many ways sport is survival: it provides a purpose in life, an activity real meaning, a sense of coherence, a reason for being, a sense of power and empowerment, a space of enjoyment, of being and holding and a feeling of autonomy, however brief.” (933)

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Grimely outlines some of the positive externalities that result from the engagement of youth in sport.

“Sport can provide an avenue for a minority culture to earn respect and admiration from the rest of society. Within remote Aboriginal communities in the interior of Western Australia, sport is extremely popular and important in bringing together extended families and breaking down the distance or isolation factor that plays a major role here in the desert” (Grimely 1996, p. 7).

He strongly suggestes that a range of sports are played in the Aboriginal communities; not just basketball and football and the involvement in spectating a range of sports is also a very important aspect to Aboriginal communities and their identity. He claims that, be it through directly playing or being

involved through spectating sport plays a significant role in the lives of Aboriginal youth.

His educational background strongly justifying his assertion that sport may offer great advantages if incorporated into the classroom as it is such an engaging tool in dealing with youth.

“The learning style of the Aboriginal student is often in conflict with the teaching strategies employed in the classroom. It is here that a lot of students struggle in class and as a result, behavior problems seem to take over. However, with sporting activities, a lot of teaching is done via copying/ imitation and learning if often achieved by ‘doing’ - a strategy much more successful in teaching Aboriginal students.

SPORT AND ABORIGINAL CULTURE IN THE NGAANYATJARRA LANDS

Grimley, S (1996)

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Tristan Ray introduces a range of effective youth development programs that have been implemented in Central Australia and achieved very positive outcomes, all of which incorporate sports and recreational activities as an integral element of their programmatic structure. Additionally, Ray outlines the need fro such programs to by lead by members of the community and provide leadership opportunities for youth living in remote Aboriginal communities.

“Many young Aboriginal people living in Alice Springs and remote communities in Alice Springs and remote communities in Central Australia grow up with minimal education, in families heavily affected by violence, substance abuse, high levels of mortality, unemployment and poor health. There are, however, a number of

promising initiatives currently operating in the region that are making youth and their families safer, preventing substance misuse, improving young people’s engagement in education and employment, and improving health outcomes. Critically, they also support the development of positive and coherent youth identity, enabling young people to live a life of value and meaning in their own communities. If the situation of young Aboriginal people and their families in Central Australia is to be described as a national emergency, it is one created in part by decades of inconsistent, incompetent and reactive government policy. If we are to address this emergency in a lasting and meaningful way, it is critical that we learn from the work that has been to date and build on ideas that we already know work. (Ray 2008, p. 316)

YOUTH WELL-BEING IN CENTRAL AUSTRALIA

Tristan Ray

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Walpuri Youth Development Aboriginal Corporation, formerly known as the The Mt Theo Yuendumu Substance Misuse Aboriginal Corporation (Mt Theo Program) is the stand-out model for youth development in Central Australian. The program has moved from successfully addressing petrol sniffing to providing holistic development support to the young people of all ages in Yuendumu, and to a lesser degree in other Warlpuri communities. The program’s services consist of three projects: a basic program of recreational activities; a development and leadership program for young adults (Jaru Pirrjirdi);and Mt Theo outstation, which provides a respite care for youth at risk. The program currently employs over fifty-three local youth as casual workers, five of whom are employed through the Community Development and Education Projects, as well as seven full-time local staff. Two of these staff are young local Jaru Pirrjirdi members.

The Central Australian Youth Link Up Service is primarily a service that aims to reduce the prevalence of substance abuse in Central Australia’s Aboriginal youth population.

A significant part of the way in which it tackles such issues is through reducing demand for such substances by engaging youth in more constructive recreational activities. These include their rehabilitation programs but also football carnivals and educative sporting activities.

The success of the program has seen it develop over the past ten years and now stretches across much of Central Australia, engaging in communities of Areyona and Amoonguna also.

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In the community of Docker River, a youth program had developed that in a short time has led to some important youth safety and well-being outcomes. Notably, youth in the community have moved from a culture dominated by petrol sniffing to one where school attendance, positive activities and good health are increasingly on the rise.

Youth programs had been run in Docker River for a number of years, but in 2004 the program took a positive turn. New staff arrived, including an anthropologist with Pitjantjatjara language skills and strong, pre-existing relationships with families in the community, as well as a cameleer with a range of bush and community development skills. For the first time, the program had two full-time staff, who engaged young men and women in

steering activities as youth team leaders. These young people ran many program activities, often for their own children or children in their extended families. The program included a number of new and inventive activities such as beauty workshops, fashion parades, video making, food preparation and cooking. Activities were deliberately intergenerational, including hunting and bush trips with elders. Many activities were also gender targeted. For example, some activities exclusively targeted young initiated men, who learned to kill and butcher camels, bringing back meat for their families; young women in the program would make camel stew, camel pizza and camel con carne; activities that ultimately provided meaningful and fun alternatives to sniffing.

The Docker River Youth Program has also had other benefits. School attendance is up, young people’s health has improved, and the youth leaders are clearly proud of their work on the program.

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The success of these programs shows the value of programs built from the ground that engage members in the communities to engage and furthermore take on leadership roles and. They are based on needs identified and acted upon by the community. Workers from the programs identify this as strength, and link it to a persisting can do attitude of community members and staff. This has meant that the programs have been able to target services

according to identified needs rather than developing services based on perspective government funding programs. (Ray 2008, p. 321)

Encouraging activities that are engaging, self-directed, and community specific allow for the greatest level of success within these programs. This will become key principles for the development of my design having identified youth as a focus area in which I wish to address.

SPORT & RECREATION

An Effective, Engaging, Preventative tool for Youth Development

Image 12,13,14.

CAYPUS Youth Activities

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DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

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SHIPPING CONTAINER CONFIGURATIONS

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Reflections on Massing Studies

Once it was established that the shipping container would form the primary structure of the project, we began arranging replication masses to begin to develop an understanding of how relationships could be formed between the masses. Several masses were then selected to expand from rectalinear masses, to include further architectural elemements, such as shading and seating.

It was quickly realised that this method of developing an architecture was not appropriate for the studio brief. This exercise allowed us to realise that the importance in the design process was establishing strong individual components that could be arranged through community consulation, rather than a top-down approach.

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Reflections on Massing Studies

Once it was established that the shipping container would form the primary structure of the project, we began arranging replication masses to begin to develop an understanding of how relationships could be formed between the masses. Several masses were then selected to expand from rectalinear masses, to include further architectural elemements, such as shading and seating.

It was quickly realised that this method of developing an architecture was not appropriate for the studio brief. This exercise allowed us to realise that the importance in the design process was establishing strong individual components that could be arranged through community consulation, rather than a top-down approach.

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Development of Individual Shipping Container Programs

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Reflections on Individual Design Development

Approaching the design task as a series of seperate components allowed for the development of specific programs to materialise, providing different approaches in shipping container treatment. The ideas of permeability and inclusiveness were key architectural gestures that we were keen to establish in the designs, as they reflected prior research into indigenous housing and architecture.

The treatment of the shipping containers included removing full side wall for an openness to be created, as well as the use of the shipping container as a structural support for additional shading.

This design task highighted the importance of recognising the practicality of certain design moves, and ensuring that there is substantial support to perform certain subtraction operations on a shipping container.

The design approach moving forward looked to ensure that if there was any manipulation of the shipping container configuration, that the result that was just as beneficial as if the container were to be a lockable storage facility providing security.

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Placemaking with Activational Architecture

GYM

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NETBALL

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SOCCER

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SKATE

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B-BALL

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SOFTBALL

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BOULDER

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CRICKET

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DESIGN PROPOSAL

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COMMUNITY PRIDE HEALTH SELF-ESTEEM SOCIAL INTERACTION EDUCATION

CULTURAL IDENTIFICATION LEADERSHIP RESPECT SENSE OF PURPOSE MENTAL HEALTH

STRUCTURE ENJOYMENT AUTONOMY FITNESS

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PERFORMANCESPACE

B-BALLBOULDER

CRICKET

GYM

NETBALL

SKATE

SOFTBALL

SOCCER

AFLRUGBY

PROGRAMS

SHADING

PROCESS OF IMPLEMENTATION

PRIMARY

SECONDARY

ACTIVATED ARCHITECTURE

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PERFORMANCESPACE

AVAILABLE PROGRAMS

STAGE 1 - DEVELOPING A CONSULTATION UNIT

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PROGRAM MOST REQUIRED IS SELECTED TO INITIALLY ACT AS A CONSULTATION UNIT TO FURTHER DEVELOP THE COMMUNITY SPORTING CENTRE

PERFORMANCESPACE

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STAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

1. EXCAVATE HOLES FOR FOOTINGS

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STAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

2. SET OUT FOOTINGS

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STAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

3. POUR CONCRETE

AMOONGUNA

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STAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

4. LOCATE SHIPPING CONTAINERS & WELD TO FOOTINGS

AMOONGUNASTAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

3. POUR CONCRETE

AMOONGUNA

STAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

6. ERECT SHS UPRIGHTS TO SHIPPING CONTAINER

AMOONGUNASTAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

5. OPEN DOORS & WELD DECKING TO FOOTINGS

AMOONGUNA

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STAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

6. ERECT SHS UPRIGHTS TO SHIPPING CONTAINER

AMOONGUNASTAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

5. OPEN DOORS & WELD DECKING TO FOOTINGS

AMOONGUNA

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STAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

6. ERECT SHS UPRIGHTS TO SHIPPING CONTAINER

AMOONGUNASTAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

5. OPEN DOORS & WELD DECKING TO FOOTINGS

AMOONGUNA

STAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

7. ATTACH CROSS SECTIONS TO UPRIGHTS

AMOONGUNA

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STAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

7. ATTACH CROSS SECTIONS TO UPRIGHTS

AMOONGUNA

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STAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

8. INSTALL ROOF PURLINS TO CROSS SECTIONS

AMOONGUNA

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STAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

9. FIX ROOFING TO PURLINS

AMOONGUNA

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STAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

10. INITIAL SELECTED PROGRAM SERVES AS COMMUNITY CONSULTATION SPACE FOR FURTHER DEVELOPMENT OF SPORTS HUB

AMOONGUNA

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STAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

1. EXCAVATE HOLES FOR FOOTINGS

AREYONGA

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STAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

2. SET OUT FOOTINGS

AREYONGASTAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

1. EXCAVATE HOLES FOR FOOTINGS

AREYONGA

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STAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

3. POUR CONCRETE

STAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

4. LOCATE SHIPPING CONTAINERS & WELD TO FOOTINGS

AREYONGA

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STAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

3. POUR CONCRETE

STAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

4. LOCATE SHIPPING CONTAINERS & WELD TO FOOTINGS

AREYONGA

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STAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

5. OPEN DOORS & WELD DECKING TO FOOTINGS

AREYONGASTAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

5. OPEN DOORS & WELD DECKING TO FOOTINGS

STAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

6. ERECT SHS UPRIGHTS TO SHIPPING CONTAINER

AREYONGA

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STAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

5. OPEN DOORS & WELD DECKING TO FOOTINGS

STAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

6. ERECT SHS UPRIGHTS TO SHIPPING CONTAINER

AREYONGA

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STAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

7. ATTACH CROSS SECTIONS TO UPRIGHTS

AREYONGA

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STAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

7. ATTACH CROSS SECTIONS TO UPRIGHTS

STAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

8. INSTALL ROOF PURLINS TO CROSS SECTIONS

AREYONGA

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STAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

9. FIX ROOFING TO PURLINS

AREYONGA

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STAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

10. INITIAL SELECTED PROGRAM SERVES AS COMMUNITY CONSULTATION SPACE FOR FURTHER DEVELOPMENT OF SPORTS HUB

AREYONGASTAGE 1 - SINGLE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

9. FIX ROOFING TO PURLINS

AREYONGA

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CONSTRUCTION DETAILS

212.5mm bolt

150 SHS

lug washer (150x115x5mm)

lug welded to stirrup

LUG BOLT DETAIL

Connection of SHS to shipping container

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purlin

purlin

purlin joiner

CONSTRUCTION DETAILS

PURLIN JOINER DETAIL

Allows for extension in length of purlins

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CLASSROOM

STORAGE/MAINTENANCE

ACCOMMODATION

KITCHEN

CLUBROOMS

BATHROOM

PERFORMANCE SPACE

FRAMEWORK

PROGRAM COMPONENTS

COMMUNITY PROGRAMMATIC SELECTION

(INITIALLY SELECTED)

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operable shipping container door

robust work-bench 1500x800mm

lockable storage unit

tool rack

workshop space

storage area

prefabricated stud frame 45 x 90mm treated pine

Squareline Series 3 Roll-A-Door2250 x 2300mm opening

internal wall claddingpainted 10mm BB Hoop Pine

storage area floor space - 8m2

shelving space - 7m2

steel shelving units bent edge detail

0.9mm sheet steel

welded shelving frame20 x 20mm SHS

rear end frame of shipping container

front end frame of shipping container

roof panel of shipping container

side wall panel of shipping container

LOCKABLE

PRE-FABRICATED UNITS

STRUCTURAL

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AC power connected

robust work-bench 1500x800mm

lockable storage unit

tool rack

workshop space storage area

welded shelving frame20 x 20mm SHS

sidewall frame of shipping container

sidewall panel of shipping container

internal wall claddingpainted 10mm BB Hoop

Pine

roof panel of shipping container

structural spanning members

storage area floor space - 8m2

shelving space - 7m2

steel shelving units bent edge detail

0.9mm sheet steel

welded shelving frame20 x 20mm SHS

shipping container flooring

structural cross member concrete footing 600mm x 700mm deep

LOCKABLE

PRE-FABRICATED UNITS

STRUCTURAL

184

prefabricated stud frame 45 x 90mm treated pine

Squareline Series 3 Roll-A-Door2250 x 2300mm opening

sidewall panel of shipping container

operable shipping container door

front end frame of shipping container

rear end frame of shipping container

storage area floor space - 8m2

shelving space - 7m2

steel shelving units bent edge detail

0.9mm sheet steel

welded shelving frame20 x 20mm SHS

shipping container flooring

workshop space storage area

internal wall claddingpainted 10mm BB Hoop

Pine

LOCKABLE

PRE-FABRICATED UNITS

STRUCTURAL

185

Flinders Ultralite shower-base - 1000 x 1000mm

Estilo chrome shower mixer

Enware single spray chrome shower head

structural spanning members

prefabricated stud frame 45 x 90mm treated pine

Bastion 300mm aluminium mill air vent

Heller 250mm extractor exhaust fan

Fletchers Insulation R2.5 Pink Batts

Hume Duracote Flush exterior door

2040 x 820 x 35mm

sidewall frame of shipping container

Caroma WELS 4 Star 7.5l/min Stylus sink mixer

Colorbond cladding

shipping container flooring

sidewall panel of shipping container

external handwashing facilities

external entrance

roof panel of shipping container

Sink Squareline Everhard 450x390mm

LOCKABLE

PRE-FABRICATED UNITS

STRUCTURAL

186

rear end frame of shipping container

front end frame of shipping container

shipping container flooring

internal wall claddingpainted 10mm BB Hoop Pine

roof panel of shipping container

structural cross members

Flinders Ultralite shower-base - 1000 x 1000mm

prefabricated stud frame 45 x 90mm treated pine

Heller 250mm extractor exhaust fan

Fletchers Insulation R2.5 Pink Batts

male facilitiesfemale facilities

door assembly

LOCKABLE

PRE-FABRICATED UNITS

STRUCTURAL

187

sidewall panel of shipping container

Sink Squareline Everhard 450x390mm

Enware single spray chrome shower head

welded wall framing 20 x 20mm SHS

Caroma WELS 4 Star 7.5l/min Stylus sink mixer

Hume Duracote Flush exterior door

2040 x 820 x 35mm

MODWOODSilver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

prefabricated stud frame 45 x 90mm treated pine

Britex 4 Star WELS heavy duty stainless steel toilet

inc. dual flush cistern

rear wall panel of shipping container

Fletchers Insulation R2.5 Pink Batts

external handwashing facilitiesexternal entrance

male facilities female facilities

door assembly

front end frame of shipping container

rear end frame of shipping container

LOCKABLE

PRE-FABRICATED UNITS

STRUCTURAL

188

structural cross members

Colorbond cladding

prefabricated and installed open fire place chimney8mm cast iron

Unox Electric Hotplate Single

rear wall panel of shipping container

additional support structure prefabricated and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

steel benchtop unit bent edge detail

0.9mm sheet steel

Caroma WELS 4 Star 7.5l/min Stylus sink mixer

Onyx stainless steel sink 855 x 445 x 150mm

MODWOOD seating Silver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

MODWOOD deckingSilver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mmZenith Hot Plate Galvanised60x60x3.5mm

prefabricated and installed open fireplace150mm thick concrete walls and base

SHS seating framing50 x 50mm

rear end frame of shipping container

front end frame of shipping container

20mm SHS

roof panel of shipping container

PERFORMANCE

PRE-FABRICATED UNITS

STRUCTURAL

189

Colorbond cladding

prefabricated and installed open fire place

chimney8mm cast iron

rear end frame of shipping container

Unox Electric Hotplate Single

rear wall panel of shipping container

additional support structure prefabricated and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

steel benchtop unit bent edge detail0.9mm sheet steel

Caroma WELS 4 Star 7.5l/min Stylus sink mixer

Onyx stainless steel sink 855 x 445 x 150mm

MODWOOD seating Silver Gum - brushed137 x 23mm

MODWOOD deckingSilver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

Zenith Hot Plate Galvanised60x60x3.5mm

SHS seating framing50 x 50mm

front end frame of shipping container

PERFORMANCE

PRE-FABRICATED UNITS

STRUCTURAL

190

front end frame of shipping container

Colorbond cladlockable storge unit

1500 x 1600mm

fixed whiteboard

additional support structure prefabricated and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

steel benchtop unit bent edge detail

0.9mm sheet steel

MODWOOD seating Silver Gum - brushed137 x 23mm

MODWOOD deckingSilver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

Zenith Hot Plate Galvanised60x60x3.5mm

SHS seating framing50 x 50mm

rear end frame of shipping container

undercover seating

roof panel of shipping container

concrete footing 600mm x 700mm deep

bent N12 deformed reinforcing bars

welded connection to footing stirrup

footing stirrup200 x 200mm pad

300mm height

steel props150 x 150mm pad

100mm heightwelded connection to pad atop stirrup and

shipping container

PRE-FABRICATED UNITS

STRUCTURAL

191

sidewall panel of shipping container

rear end frame of shipping container

Colorbond cladlockable storge unit1500 x 1600mm

additional support structure prefabricated and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

steel benchtop unit bent edge detail0.9mm sheet steel

MODWOOD seating Silver Gum - brushed137 x 23mm

MODWOOD deckingSilver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

Zenith Hot Plate Galvanised60x60x3.5mm

SHS seating framing50 x 50mm

front end frame of shipping container

fixed whiteboard

undercover seating

PRE-FABRICATED UNITS

STRUCTURAL

192

50mm SHS

structural cross members

endwall panel of shipping container

SUSSEX SCALA MINIsmall curved basin/sink

mixer

shipping container flooring

front end frame of shipping container

welded steel shelving20 x 20mm SHS

additional support structure prefabricated and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

marine ply cladlockable storage units

1500 x 800mm

MODWOOD deckingSilver Gum - brushed137 x 23mm

Zenith Hot Plate Galvanised60x60x3.5mm

steel storage lockers

door assembly

roof panel of shipping container

concrete footing 600mm x 700mm deep

rear end frame of shipping container

PERFORMANCE

PRE-FABRICATED UNITS

STRUCTURAL

193

endwall panel of shipping container

SUSSEX SCALA MINIsmall curved basin/sink

mixer

sidewall panel of shipping container

rear end frame of shipping container

additional support structure prefabricated and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

steel benchtop unit bent edge detail0.9mm sheet steel

MODWOOD seating Silver Gum - brushed137 x 23mm

MODWOOD deckingSilver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mmZenith Hot Plate Galvanised60x60x3.5mm

SHS seating framing50 x 50mm

front end frame of shipping container

undercover seating

welded steel shelving20 x 20mm SHS

marine ply cladlockable storage units

1500 x 800mm

steel storage lockers

door assembly

PERFORMANCE

PRE-FABRICATED UNITS

STRUCTURAL

194

front end frame of shipping container

rear end frame of shipping container

lasercut timber screen backed with crimsafe security mesh

roof panel of shipping container

storage space for performance props and

audio systems

additional support structure prefabricated

and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

MODWOOD deckingSilver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

concrete footing 600mm x 700mm deep

bent N12 deformed reinforcing bars

welded connection to footing stirrup

footing stirrup200 x 200mm pad

300mm height

door assembly

welded steel shelving20 x 20mm SHS

endwall panel of shipping container

marine ply cladlockable storage units

1800 x 900mm

Hume Duracote Flush lockable exterior door2040 x 820 x 35mm

PERFORMANCESPACE

LOCKABLE

PRE-FABRICATED UNITS

STRUCTURAL

195

MODWOOD seating Silver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

SHS seating framing50 x 50mm

front end frame of shipping container

additional support structure prefabricated

and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

MODWOOD deckingSilver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

rear end frame of shipping container

lasercut timber screen backed with crimsafe security mesh

side wall panel of shipping container

storage space for performance props and

audio systems

door assembly

welded steel shelving20 x 20mm SHS

endwall panel of shipping container

marine ply cladlockable storage units

1800 x 900mm

Hume Duracote Flush lockable exterior door2040 x 820 x 35mm

PERFORMANCESPACE

LOCKABLE

PRE-FABRICATED UNITS

STRUCTURAL

196

MODWOOD deckingSilver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

concrete footing 600mm x 700mm deep

footing stirrup200 x 200mm pad

300mm height

RONSTAN coated steel structural cable

39mm cross-section

SHS furniture framing50 x 50mm

additional support structure prefabricated and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

screw-lock carabiner connecting tension cable

to hoop bolt

furniture cladding painted 10mm BB Hoop Pine

NOBLES manrider air winch

Regent REV 100 series skylight and ventilation system

lowered ceiling boxed with prefabricated frame treated 45 x 90mm pine

zzz

LOCKABLE

PRE-FABRICATED UNITS

STRUCTURAL

197

MODWOOD deckingSilver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

concrete footing 600mm x 700mm deep

footing stirrup200 x 200mm pad

300mm height

SHS furniture framing50 x 50mm

additional support structure prefabricated and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

furniture cladding painted 10mm BB Hoop Pine

Regent REV 100 series skylight and ventilation system

NOBLES manrider air winch

lowered ceiling boxed with prefabricated frame treated 45 x 90mm pine

endwall panel of shipping container

zzz

LOCKABLE

PRE-FABRICATED UNITS

STRUCTURAL

198

RONSTAN coated steel structural cable

39mm cross-section

SHS furniture framing50 x 50mm

front end frame of shipping container

additional support structure prefabricated

and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

MODWOOD deckingSilver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

rear end frame of shipping container

marine ply cladlocked bedding storage2100 x 1850mm

screw-lock carabiner connecting tension cable

to hoop bolt

door assembly

endwall panel of shipping container

furniture cladding painted 10mm BB Hoop Pine

zzz

LOCKABLE

PRE-FABRICATED UNITS

STRUCTURAL

199

PROGRAM SELECTION

PROCESS

PROGRAM ORGANISATION THROUGH CONSULTATION

SHADING OF PROGRAM THROUGH CONSULTATION

ACTIVATION OF ARCHITECTURE THROUGH CONSULTATION

LANDSCAPETHROUGH CONSULTATION

CLASSROOM

STORAGE/MAINTENANCE

ACCOMMODATION

KITCHEN

CLUBROOMSBATHROOM

PERFORMANCE SPACE

zzz

200

LOCKABILITY/SECURITY

PERMEABILITY/ OPENNESS/ FLEXIBILITY

LOCKABILITY/ SECURITY & PERMEABILITY/ OPENNESS/ FLEXIBILITY

CAPABILITES OF THE SHIPPING CONTAINER

LOCKABLE

PRE-FABRICATED UNITS

STRUCTURAL

201

zzz

PERFORMANCESPACE

B-BALLBOULDER

CRICKET

GYM

NETBALL

SKATE

SOFTBALL

SOCCER

AFLRUGBY

PROGRAMS

SHADING

PROCESS OF IMPLEMENTATION

PRIMARY

SECONDARY

ACTIVATED ARCHITECTURE

202

zzz

PERFORMANCESPACE

B-BALLBOULDER

CRICKET

GYM

NETBALL

SKATE

SOFTBALL

SOCCER

AFLRUGBY

PROGRAMS

SHADING

PROCESS OF IMPLEMENTATION

PRIMARY

SECONDARY

ACTIVATED ARCHITECTURE

203

204

205

206

207

208

209

outdoor gym undercover open fireplace

prefabricated and installed open fire place

chimney8mm cast iron

150mm thick concrete walls and base

Unox Electric Hotplate Single

rising climbing bars

chin-up bars prefabricated stud frame 45 x 90mm treated pine

Hume Duracote Flush exterior door

2040 x 820 x 35mm

external entrance

hand wash facilities include:Sink Squareline Everhard

450x390mm

Caroma WELS 4 Star 7.5l/min Stylus sink mixer

Britex 4 Star WELS heavy duty stainless steel toilet

inc. dual flush cistern

external handwashing facilities

steel shelving units bent edge detail

0.9mm sheet steel

robust work-bench 1500x800mm

internal wall claddingpainted 10mm BB Hoop

Pine

welded shelving frame20 x 20mm SHS

AC power connected

workshop space

BMX ramp

Colorbond cladlockable storge unit

1500 x 1600mm

steel benchtop unit bent edge detail

0.9mm sheet steel

fixed whiteboard

classroom

additional support structure prefabricated

and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

MODWOOD seating Silver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

Zenith Hot Plate Galvanised

60x60x3.5mm

seating framing50 x 50mm SHS

concrete footing 600mm x 700mm

footing stirrup200 x 200mm pad

300mm height deep

undercover seating

kitchen facilities

500mm wide step-down platform

constructed from 150mm C-section profilesmitred edge detail

bouldering wallsandpit

Cobra bott-on climbing rock holds

various sizes

bouldering practice unitwelded 50 x 50mm SHS frame

19mm painted AC exterior grade

hoop pine plywood cladding

climbing rope and parallel bars

retaining wall concrete sleeper

80 x 200mm

bouldering wall19mm painted

AC exterior grade hoop pine plywood

Caroma WELS 4 Star 7.5l/min Stylus sink mixer

Onyx stainless steel sink 855 x 445 x 150mm

7mm tamperproof ADVEL air rivets

4mm mild steel rolled plate base

prefabricated structrural frame

welded 50 x 50mm SHSconstructed on-site with

right angle brackets

steel benchtop unit bent edge detail

0.9mm sheet steel

MODWOOD seating Silver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

SHS seating framing50 x 50mm

500mm wide step-down platform

constructed from 150mm C-section profilesmitred edge detail

away team clubrooms

skate ramp

Amoonguna clubrooms

communal seating area

performance studio space

undercover open fireplace

additional support structure prefabricated

and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

welded steel shelving20 x 20mm SHS

steel storage lockers

6mm thick sheet medium density ply

overlay

7mm tamperproof ADVEL air rivets

coping railgalvanised steel

cylindrical section19 x 1.2mm

4mm mild steel rolled plate base

prefabricated structrural frame

welded 50 x 50mm SHSconstructed on-site with

right angle brackets

endwall panel of shipping container

Cobra bolt-on climbing rock holds

various sizes

storage space for performance props and

audio systems

lasercut timber screen backed with crimsafe

security mesh

Hume Duracote Flush lockable exterior door

2040 x 820 x 35mm

MODWOOD step-downSilver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

bouldering wall19mm painted

AC exterior grade hoop pine plywood

Zenith Hot Plate Galvanised

60x60x3.5mm

perforated metal extension screen

transition 1800 x 1100mm

table height1500mm

MODWOOD deckingSilver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

prefabricated and installed open fire place

chimney8mm cast iron

150mm thick concrete walls and base

steel props150 x 150mm pad

100mm heightwelded connection to pad atop stirrup and

shipping container

marine ply cladlockable storage units

1500 x 800mm

SUSSEX SCALA MINIsmall curved basin/sink

mixer

additional support structure prefabricated

and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

concrete footing 600mm x 700mm deep

footing stirrup200 x 200mm pad

300mm height

communal seating area

zzz

PERFORMANCESPACE

B-BALLBOULDER

CRICKET

GYM

NETBALL

SKATE

SOFTBALL

SOCCER

AFLRUGBY

PROGRAMS

SHADING

PROCESS OF IMPLEMENTATION

PRIMARY

SECONDARY

ACTIVATED ARCHITECTURE

zzz

PERFORMANCESPACE

B-BALLBOULDER

CRICKET

GYM

NETBALL

SKATE

SOFTBALL

SOCCER

AFLRUGBY

PROGRAMS

SHADING

PROCESS OF IMPLEMENTATION

PRIMARY

SECONDARY

ACTIVATED ARCHITECTURE

zzz

PERFORMANCESPACE

B-BALLBOULDER

CRICKET

GYM

NETBALL

SKATE

SOFTBALL

SOCCER

AFLRUGBY

PROGRAMS

SHADING

PROCESS OF IMPLEMENTATION

PRIMARY

SECONDARY

ACTIVATED ARCHITECTURE

zzz

PERFORMANCESPACE

B-BALLBOULDER

CRICKET

GYM

NETBALL

SKATE

SOFTBALL

SOCCER

AFLRUGBY

PROGRAMS

SHADING

PROCESS OF IMPLEMENTATION

PRIMARY

SECONDARY

ACTIVATED ARCHITECTURE

Areyonga Community Sports Centre

outdoor gym undercover open fireplace

prefabricated and installed open fire place

chimney8mm cast iron

150mm thick concrete walls and base

Unox Electric Hotplate Single

rising climbing bars

chin-up bars prefabricated stud frame 45 x 90mm treated pine

Hume Duracote Flush exterior door

2040 x 820 x 35mm

external entrance

hand wash facilities include:Sink Squareline Everhard

450x390mm

Caroma WELS 4 Star 7.5l/min Stylus sink mixer

Britex 4 Star WELS heavy duty stainless steel toilet

inc. dual flush cistern

external handwashing facilities

steel shelving units bent edge detail

0.9mm sheet steel

robust work-bench 1500x800mm

internal wall claddingpainted 10mm BB Hoop

Pine

welded shelving frame20 x 20mm SHS

AC power connected

workshop space

BMX ramp

Colorbond cladlockable storge unit

1500 x 1600mm

steel benchtop unit bent edge detail

0.9mm sheet steel

fixed whiteboard

classroom

additional support structure prefabricated

and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

MODWOOD seating Silver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

Zenith Hot Plate Galvanised

60x60x3.5mm

seating framing50 x 50mm SHS

concrete footing 600mm x 700mm

footing stirrup200 x 200mm pad

300mm height deep

undercover seating

kitchen facilities

500mm wide step-down platform

constructed from 150mm C-section profilesmitred edge detail

bouldering wallsandpit

Cobra bott-on climbing rock holds

various sizes

bouldering practice unitwelded 50 x 50mm SHS frame

19mm painted AC exterior grade

hoop pine plywood cladding

climbing rope and parallel bars

retaining wall concrete sleeper

80 x 200mm

bouldering wall19mm painted

AC exterior grade hoop pine plywood

Caroma WELS 4 Star 7.5l/min Stylus sink mixer

Onyx stainless steel sink 855 x 445 x 150mm

7mm tamperproof ADVEL air rivets

4mm mild steel rolled plate base

prefabricated structrural frame

welded 50 x 50mm SHSconstructed on-site with

right angle brackets

steel benchtop unit bent edge detail

0.9mm sheet steel

MODWOOD seating Silver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

SHS seating framing50 x 50mm

500mm wide step-down platform

constructed from 150mm C-section profilesmitred edge detail

away team clubrooms

skate ramp

Amoonguna clubrooms

communal seating area

performance studio space

undercover open fireplace

additional support structure prefabricated

and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

welded steel shelving20 x 20mm SHS

steel storage lockers

6mm thick sheet medium density ply

overlay

7mm tamperproof ADVEL air rivets

coping railgalvanised steel

cylindrical section19 x 1.2mm

4mm mild steel rolled plate base

prefabricated structrural frame

welded 50 x 50mm SHSconstructed on-site with

right angle brackets

endwall panel of shipping container

Cobra bolt-on climbing rock holds

various sizes

storage space for performance props and

audio systems

lasercut timber screen backed with crimsafe

security mesh

Hume Duracote Flush lockable exterior door

2040 x 820 x 35mm

MODWOOD step-downSilver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

bouldering wall19mm painted

AC exterior grade hoop pine plywood

Zenith Hot Plate Galvanised

60x60x3.5mm

perforated metal extension screen

transition 1800 x 1100mm

table height1500mm

MODWOOD deckingSilver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

prefabricated and installed open fire place

chimney8mm cast iron

150mm thick concrete walls and base

steel props150 x 150mm pad

100mm heightwelded connection to pad atop stirrup and

shipping container

marine ply cladlockable storage units

1500 x 800mm

SUSSEX SCALA MINIsmall curved basin/sink

mixer

additional support structure prefabricated

and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

concrete footing 600mm x 700mm deep

footing stirrup200 x 200mm pad

300mm height

communal seating area

210

outdoor gym undercover open fireplace

prefabricated and installed open fire place

chimney8mm cast iron

150mm thick concrete walls and base

Unox Electric Hotplate Single

rising climbing bars

chin-up bars prefabricated stud frame 45 x 90mm treated pine

Hume Duracote Flush exterior door

2040 x 820 x 35mm

external entrance

hand wash facilities include:Sink Squareline Everhard

450x390mm

Caroma WELS 4 Star 7.5l/min Stylus sink mixer

Britex 4 Star WELS heavy duty stainless steel toilet

inc. dual flush cistern

external handwashing facilities

steel shelving units bent edge detail

0.9mm sheet steel

robust work-bench 1500x800mm

internal wall claddingpainted 10mm BB Hoop

Pine

welded shelving frame20 x 20mm SHS

AC power connected

workshop space

BMX ramp

Colorbond cladlockable storge unit

1500 x 1600mm

steel benchtop unit bent edge detail

0.9mm sheet steel

fixed whiteboard

classroom

additional support structure prefabricated

and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

MODWOOD seating Silver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

Zenith Hot Plate Galvanised

60x60x3.5mm

seating framing50 x 50mm SHS

concrete footing 600mm x 700mm

footing stirrup200 x 200mm pad

300mm height deep

undercover seating

kitchen facilities

500mm wide step-down platform

constructed from 150mm C-section profilesmitred edge detail

bouldering wallsandpit

Cobra bott-on climbing rock holds

various sizes

bouldering practice unitwelded 50 x 50mm SHS frame

19mm painted AC exterior grade

hoop pine plywood cladding

climbing rope and parallel bars

retaining wall concrete sleeper

80 x 200mm

bouldering wall19mm painted

AC exterior grade hoop pine plywood

Caroma WELS 4 Star 7.5l/min Stylus sink mixer

Onyx stainless steel sink 855 x 445 x 150mm

7mm tamperproof ADVEL air rivets

4mm mild steel rolled plate base

prefabricated structrural frame

welded 50 x 50mm SHSconstructed on-site with

right angle brackets

steel benchtop unit bent edge detail

0.9mm sheet steel

MODWOOD seating Silver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

SHS seating framing50 x 50mm

500mm wide step-down platform

constructed from 150mm C-section profilesmitred edge detail

away team clubrooms

skate ramp

Amoonguna clubrooms

communal seating area

performance studio space

undercover open fireplace

additional support structure prefabricated

and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

welded steel shelving20 x 20mm SHS

steel storage lockers

6mm thick sheet medium density ply

overlay

7mm tamperproof ADVEL air rivets

coping railgalvanised steel

cylindrical section19 x 1.2mm

4mm mild steel rolled plate base

prefabricated structrural frame

welded 50 x 50mm SHSconstructed on-site with

right angle brackets

endwall panel of shipping container

Cobra bolt-on climbing rock holds

various sizes

storage space for performance props and

audio systems

lasercut timber screen backed with crimsafe

security mesh

Hume Duracote Flush lockable exterior door

2040 x 820 x 35mm

MODWOOD step-downSilver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

bouldering wall19mm painted

AC exterior grade hoop pine plywood

Zenith Hot Plate Galvanised

60x60x3.5mm

perforated metal extension screen

transition 1800 x 1100mm

table height1500mm

MODWOOD deckingSilver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

prefabricated and installed open fire place

chimney8mm cast iron

150mm thick concrete walls and base

steel props150 x 150mm pad

100mm heightwelded connection to pad atop stirrup and

shipping container

marine ply cladlockable storage units

1500 x 800mm

SUSSEX SCALA MINIsmall curved basin/sink

mixer

additional support structure prefabricated

and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

concrete footing 600mm x 700mm deep

footing stirrup200 x 200mm pad

300mm height

communal seating area

zzz

PERFORMANCESPACE

B-BALLBOULDER

CRICKET

GYM

NETBALL

SKATE

SOFTBALL

SOCCER

AFLRUGBY

PROGRAMS

SHADING

PROCESS OF IMPLEMENTATION

PRIMARY

SECONDARY

ACTIVATED ARCHITECTURE

zzz

PERFORMANCESPACE

B-BALLBOULDER

CRICKET

GYM

NETBALL

SKATE

SOFTBALL

SOCCER

AFLRUGBY

PROGRAMS

SHADING

PROCESS OF IMPLEMENTATION

PRIMARY

SECONDARY

ACTIVATED ARCHITECTURE

zzz

PERFORMANCESPACE

B-BALLBOULDER

CRICKET

GYM

NETBALL

SKATE

SOFTBALL

SOCCER

AFLRUGBY

PROGRAMS

SHADING

PROCESS OF IMPLEMENTATION

PRIMARY

SECONDARY

ACTIVATED ARCHITECTURE

zzz

PERFORMANCESPACE

B-BALLBOULDER

CRICKET

GYM

NETBALL

SKATE

SOFTBALL

SOCCER

AFLRUGBY

PROGRAMS

SHADING

PROCESS OF IMPLEMENTATION

PRIMARY

SECONDARY

ACTIVATED ARCHITECTURE

Areyonga Community Sports Centre

outdoor gym undercover open fireplace

prefabricated and installed open fire place

chimney8mm cast iron

150mm thick concrete walls and base

Unox Electric Hotplate Single

rising climbing bars

chin-up bars prefabricated stud frame 45 x 90mm treated pine

Hume Duracote Flush exterior door

2040 x 820 x 35mm

external entrance

hand wash facilities include:Sink Squareline Everhard

450x390mm

Caroma WELS 4 Star 7.5l/min Stylus sink mixer

Britex 4 Star WELS heavy duty stainless steel toilet

inc. dual flush cistern

external handwashing facilities

steel shelving units bent edge detail

0.9mm sheet steel

robust work-bench 1500x800mm

internal wall claddingpainted 10mm BB Hoop

Pine

welded shelving frame20 x 20mm SHS

AC power connected

workshop space

BMX ramp

Colorbond cladlockable storge unit

1500 x 1600mm

steel benchtop unit bent edge detail

0.9mm sheet steel

fixed whiteboard

classroom

additional support structure prefabricated

and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

MODWOOD seating Silver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

Zenith Hot Plate Galvanised

60x60x3.5mm

seating framing50 x 50mm SHS

concrete footing 600mm x 700mm

footing stirrup200 x 200mm pad

300mm height deep

undercover seating

kitchen facilities

500mm wide step-down platform

constructed from 150mm C-section profilesmitred edge detail

bouldering wallsandpit

Cobra bott-on climbing rock holds

various sizes

bouldering practice unitwelded 50 x 50mm SHS frame

19mm painted AC exterior grade

hoop pine plywood cladding

climbing rope and parallel bars

retaining wall concrete sleeper

80 x 200mm

bouldering wall19mm painted

AC exterior grade hoop pine plywood

Caroma WELS 4 Star 7.5l/min Stylus sink mixer

Onyx stainless steel sink 855 x 445 x 150mm

7mm tamperproof ADVEL air rivets

4mm mild steel rolled plate base

prefabricated structrural frame

welded 50 x 50mm SHSconstructed on-site with

right angle brackets

steel benchtop unit bent edge detail

0.9mm sheet steel

MODWOOD seating Silver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

SHS seating framing50 x 50mm

500mm wide step-down platform

constructed from 150mm C-section profilesmitred edge detail

away team clubrooms

skate ramp

Amoonguna clubrooms

communal seating area

performance studio space

undercover open fireplace

additional support structure prefabricated

and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

welded steel shelving20 x 20mm SHS

steel storage lockers

6mm thick sheet medium density ply

overlay

7mm tamperproof ADVEL air rivets

coping railgalvanised steel

cylindrical section19 x 1.2mm

4mm mild steel rolled plate base

prefabricated structrural frame

welded 50 x 50mm SHSconstructed on-site with

right angle brackets

endwall panel of shipping container

Cobra bolt-on climbing rock holds

various sizes

storage space for performance props and

audio systems

lasercut timber screen backed with crimsafe

security mesh

Hume Duracote Flush lockable exterior door

2040 x 820 x 35mm

MODWOOD step-downSilver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

bouldering wall19mm painted

AC exterior grade hoop pine plywood

Zenith Hot Plate Galvanised

60x60x3.5mm

perforated metal extension screen

transition 1800 x 1100mm

table height1500mm

MODWOOD deckingSilver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

prefabricated and installed open fire place

chimney8mm cast iron

150mm thick concrete walls and base

steel props150 x 150mm pad

100mm heightwelded connection to pad atop stirrup and

shipping container

marine ply cladlockable storage units

1500 x 800mm

SUSSEX SCALA MINIsmall curved basin/sink

mixer

additional support structure prefabricated

and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

concrete footing 600mm x 700mm deep

footing stirrup200 x 200mm pad

300mm height

communal seating area

211

Amoonguna Community Sports Centrezzz

PERFORMANCESPACE

B-BALLBOULDER

CRICKET

GYM

NETBALL

SKATE

SOFTBALL

SOCCER

AFLRUGBY

PROGRAMS

SHADING

PROCESS OF IMPLEMENTATION

PRIMARY

SECONDARY

ACTIVATED ARCHITECTURE

zzz

PERFORMANCESPACE

B-BALLBOULDER

CRICKET

GYM

NETBALL

SKATE

SOFTBALL

SOCCER

AFLRUGBY

PROGRAMS

SHADING

PROCESS OF IMPLEMENTATION

PRIMARY

SECONDARY

ACTIVATED ARCHITECTURE

outdoor gym undercover open fireplace

prefabricated and installed open fire place

chimney8mm cast iron

150mm thick concrete walls and base

Unox Electric Hotplate Single

rising climbing bars

chin-up bars prefabricated stud frame 45 x 90mm treated pine

Hume Duracote Flush exterior door

2040 x 820 x 35mm

external entrance

hand wash facilities include:Sink Squareline Everhard

450x390mm

Caroma WELS 4 Star 7.5l/min Stylus sink mixer

Britex 4 Star WELS heavy duty stainless steel toilet

inc. dual flush cistern

external handwashing facilities

steel shelving units bent edge detail

0.9mm sheet steel

robust work-bench 1500x800mm

internal wall claddingpainted 10mm BB Hoop

Pine

welded shelving frame20 x 20mm SHS

AC power connected

workshop space

BMX ramp

Colorbond cladlockable storge unit

1500 x 1600mm

steel benchtop unit bent edge detail

0.9mm sheet steel

fixed whiteboard

classroom

additional support structure prefabricated

and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

MODWOOD seating Silver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

Zenith Hot Plate Galvanised

60x60x3.5mm

seating framing50 x 50mm SHS

concrete footing 600mm x 700mm

footing stirrup200 x 200mm pad

300mm height deep

undercover seating

kitchen facilities

500mm wide step-down platform

constructed from 150mm C-section profilesmitred edge detail

bouldering wallsandpit

Cobra bott-on climbing rock holds

various sizes

bouldering practice unitwelded 50 x 50mm SHS frame

19mm painted AC exterior grade

hoop pine plywood cladding

climbing rope and parallel bars

retaining wall concrete sleeper

80 x 200mm

bouldering wall19mm painted

AC exterior grade hoop pine plywood

Caroma WELS 4 Star 7.5l/min Stylus sink mixer

Onyx stainless steel sink 855 x 445 x 150mm

7mm tamperproof ADVEL air rivets

4mm mild steel rolled plate base

prefabricated structrural frame

welded 50 x 50mm SHSconstructed on-site with

right angle brackets

steel benchtop unit bent edge detail

0.9mm sheet steel

MODWOOD seating Silver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

SHS seating framing50 x 50mm

500mm wide step-down platform

constructed from 150mm C-section profilesmitred edge detail

away team clubrooms

skate ramp

Amoonguna clubrooms

communal seating area

performance studio space

undercover open fireplace

additional support structure prefabricated

and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

welded steel shelving20 x 20mm SHS

steel storage lockers

6mm thick sheet medium density ply

overlay

7mm tamperproof ADVEL air rivets

coping railgalvanised steel

cylindrical section19 x 1.2mm

4mm mild steel rolled plate base

prefabricated structrural frame

welded 50 x 50mm SHSconstructed on-site with

right angle brackets

endwall panel of shipping container

Cobra bolt-on climbing rock holds

various sizes

storage space for performance props and

audio systems

lasercut timber screen backed with crimsafe

security mesh

Hume Duracote Flush lockable exterior door

2040 x 820 x 35mm

MODWOOD step-downSilver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

bouldering wall19mm painted

AC exterior grade hoop pine plywood

Zenith Hot Plate Galvanised

60x60x3.5mm

perforated metal extension screen

transition 1800 x 1100mm

table height1500mm

MODWOOD deckingSilver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

prefabricated and installed open fire place

chimney8mm cast iron

150mm thick concrete walls and base

steel props150 x 150mm pad

100mm heightwelded connection to pad atop stirrup and

shipping container

marine ply cladlockable storage units

1500 x 800mm

SUSSEX SCALA MINIsmall curved basin/sink

mixer

additional support structure prefabricated

and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

concrete footing 600mm x 700mm deep

footing stirrup200 x 200mm pad

300mm height

communal seating area

zzz

PERFORMANCESPACE

B-BALLBOULDER

CRICKET

GYM

NETBALL

SKATE

SOFTBALL

SOCCER

AFLRUGBY

PROGRAMS

SHADING

PROCESS OF IMPLEMENTATION

PRIMARY

SECONDARY

ACTIVATED ARCHITECTURE

212

outdoor gym undercover open fireplace

prefabricated and installed open fire place

chimney8mm cast iron

150mm thick concrete walls and base

Unox Electric Hotplate Single

rising climbing bars

chin-up bars prefabricated stud frame 45 x 90mm treated pine

Hume Duracote Flush exterior door

2040 x 820 x 35mm

external entrance

hand wash facilities include:Sink Squareline Everhard

450x390mm

Caroma WELS 4 Star 7.5l/min Stylus sink mixer

Britex 4 Star WELS heavy duty stainless steel toilet

inc. dual flush cistern

external handwashing facilities

steel shelving units bent edge detail

0.9mm sheet steel

robust work-bench 1500x800mm

internal wall claddingpainted 10mm BB Hoop

Pine

welded shelving frame20 x 20mm SHS

AC power connected

workshop space

BMX ramp

Colorbond cladlockable storge unit

1500 x 1600mm

steel benchtop unit bent edge detail

0.9mm sheet steel

fixed whiteboard

classroom

additional support structure prefabricated

and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

MODWOOD seating Silver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

Zenith Hot Plate Galvanised

60x60x3.5mm

seating framing50 x 50mm SHS

concrete footing 600mm x 700mm

footing stirrup200 x 200mm pad

300mm height deep

undercover seating

kitchen facilities

500mm wide step-down platform

constructed from 150mm C-section profilesmitred edge detail

bouldering wallsandpit

Cobra bott-on climbing rock holds

various sizes

bouldering practice unitwelded 50 x 50mm SHS frame

19mm painted AC exterior grade

hoop pine plywood cladding

climbing rope and parallel bars

retaining wall concrete sleeper

80 x 200mm

bouldering wall19mm painted

AC exterior grade hoop pine plywood

Caroma WELS 4 Star 7.5l/min Stylus sink mixer

Onyx stainless steel sink 855 x 445 x 150mm

7mm tamperproof ADVEL air rivets

4mm mild steel rolled plate base

prefabricated structrural frame

welded 50 x 50mm SHSconstructed on-site with

right angle brackets

steel benchtop unit bent edge detail

0.9mm sheet steel

MODWOOD seating Silver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

SHS seating framing50 x 50mm

500mm wide step-down platform

constructed from 150mm C-section profilesmitred edge detail

away team clubrooms

skate ramp

Amoonguna clubrooms

communal seating area

performance studio space

undercover open fireplace

additional support structure prefabricated

and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

welded steel shelving20 x 20mm SHS

steel storage lockers

6mm thick sheet medium density ply

overlay

7mm tamperproof ADVEL air rivets

coping railgalvanised steel

cylindrical section19 x 1.2mm

4mm mild steel rolled plate base

prefabricated structrural frame

welded 50 x 50mm SHSconstructed on-site with

right angle brackets

endwall panel of shipping container

Cobra bolt-on climbing rock holds

various sizes

storage space for performance props and

audio systems

lasercut timber screen backed with crimsafe

security mesh

Hume Duracote Flush lockable exterior door

2040 x 820 x 35mm

MODWOOD step-downSilver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

bouldering wall19mm painted

AC exterior grade hoop pine plywood

Zenith Hot Plate Galvanised

60x60x3.5mm

perforated metal extension screen

transition 1800 x 1100mm

table height1500mm

MODWOOD deckingSilver Gum - brushed

137 x 23mm

prefabricated and installed open fire place

chimney8mm cast iron

150mm thick concrete walls and base

steel props150 x 150mm pad

100mm heightwelded connection to pad atop stirrup and

shipping container

marine ply cladlockable storage units

1500 x 800mm

SUSSEX SCALA MINIsmall curved basin/sink

mixer

additional support structure prefabricated

and installed SHS 200 x 200mm

concrete footing 600mm x 700mm deep

footing stirrup200 x 200mm pad

300mm height

communal seating area

zzz

PERFORMANCESPACE

B-BALLBOULDER

CRICKET

GYM

NETBALL

SKATE

SOFTBALL

SOCCER

AFLRUGBY

PROGRAMS

SHADING

PROCESS OF IMPLEMENTATION

PRIMARY

SECONDARY

ACTIVATED ARCHITECTURE

zzz

PERFORMANCESPACE

B-BALLBOULDER

CRICKET

GYM

NETBALL

SKATE

SOFTBALL

SOCCER

AFLRUGBY

PROGRAMS

SHADING

PROCESS OF IMPLEMENTATION

PRIMARY

SECONDARY

ACTIVATED ARCHITECTURE

zzz

PERFORMANCESPACE

B-BALLBOULDER

CRICKET

GYM

NETBALL

SKATE

SOFTBALL

SOCCER

AFLRUGBY

PROGRAMS

SHADING

PROCESS OF IMPLEMENTATION

PRIMARY

SECONDARY

ACTIVATED ARCHITECTURE

213

BOULDER

PERFORMANCESPACE

PERFORMANCE

PERFORMANCE

SKATEPERFORMANCE

214

BOULDER

PERFORMANCE

SKATE

GYM

215

SOUTH AUSTRALIA

WE

STE

RN

AU

STR

ALI

AQ

UE

EN

SLA

ND

FUTURE DISTRIBUTION OF COMMUNITY SPORTS CENTRES ACROSS CENTRAL AUSTRALIA...

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Anderson, I. (2008) ‘Health Policy for a Crisis or Crisis in Policy?’, in Altman, J. & Hinkson, M.(2008), Coercive Reconciliation: Stabilise, Normalise, Exit Aboriginal Australia, Arena Pulications Association, Melbourne, p. 133-140

Behrendt, L. (2003) ‘Power from the people: A Community-based Approach to Indigenous Self-determination’, Flinders Journal of Law Reform, Vol. 6, 2003, p. 135-150

Behrendt, L. (2008) ‘The Emergency We Had To Have’, in Altman, J. & Hinkson, M.(2008), Coercive Reconciliation: Stabilise, Normalise, Exit Aboriginal Australia, Arena Pulications Association, Melbourne p.15-20

Dodson, P. (2008) ‘Whatever Happened to Reconciliation’, in Altman, J. & Hinkson, M.(2008), Coercive Reconciliation: Stabilise, Normalise, Exit Aboriginal Australia, Arena Pulications Association, Melbourne, p. 21-30

Grimley, S. (1996) ‘Sport and Aboriginal Culture in the Ngaanyatjarra Lands’, The Australian Journal of Indigenous Education, Vol. 24, No. 1, p. 6-9

Heppell, M. (1979) A Black Reality: Aboriginal camps and housing in remote Australia, Australian Institute of Indigenous Studies

Memmot, P. (2007) Gunyah, Goondie and Wurley: The Aboriginal Architecture of Australia, University of Queensland Press, , xx+412 pp.

Memmott, P (1988). Housing: State-of-the-Art (and not so state-of-the-art), Architecture Australia, Vol. 13, No. 6, p. 35-45

Mellor, D. (2003) ‘Comtemporary Racism in Aus`tralia: The Experiences of Aborigines’, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29: 474-486

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Muecke, S. (1992) ‘Dialogue with a Post-Graduate Student’ Textual Spaces: Aboriginality and Cultural Studies, NSW: New South Wales Press, p.197-206

Ray, T. (2008) ‘Youth Well-Being in Central Australia’, in Altman, J. & Hinkson, M.(2008), Coercive Reconciliation: Stabilise, Normalise, Exit Aboriginal Australia, Arena Pulications Association, Melbourne, p. 195-201

Pearson, N. (2009) ‘Jobs and Homes’, in ‘Up from the mission: selected writings’, Black Inc. Agenda, Melbourne, p. 313-322

Serratore, P. (2010) ‘Indigenous community learning through its love of football’, ABC Rural, Accessed online http://www.abc.net.au/news/2010-07-28/indigenous-community-learning-through-its-love-of/6198914 [12/04/2015]

Steering Committee for the Review of Government Service Provision, Overcoming Indigenous Disadvantage: Key Indicators 2007, Canberra, Productivity Commission, 2007

Stanner, W.E.H. (1953) ‘The Dreaming’, in ‘The Dreaming & Other Essays’, Blach Inc. Agenda, Melbourne, p. 57-72

Tatz, C. (2012) ‘Aborigines, Sport and Suicide’, Sport in Society: Cultures, Commerce, Media, Politics, Vol. 15, No. 7, p. 922-935

Tatz, C. (1994) ‘Aborigines: Sport, Violence & Survival’. CRC Project 18/1989, Criminology Research Council, Canberra

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Image 1. Artist: Gabrielle Lee (2012), http://positive-posters.com/posters/profiles/?pid=4251

Image 2. Chris Martin (2011), http://www.australiaproject.com/chris_martin_gallery.html

Image 3. Housing for Health diagrams, http://www.healthabitat.com/what-we-do/housing-for-health--3

Image 4,5,6. Memmott, P. (2007) Gunyah, Goondie and Wurley: The Aboriginal Architecture of Australia, University of Queensland Press, , xx+412 pp.

Image 7,8,9,10,11. Heppell, M. (1979) A Black Reality: Aboriginal camps and housing in remote Australia, Australian Institute of Indigenous Studies

Image 12, 13, 14. Youth Activities CAYPUS , http://caylus.org.au/youth-programs/