Our day out to Mithradham!Discovering the Power of Renewables..

Content

Mithradham

Why Renewables

Energy Security

Solar Energy

Global Warming

Our Learnings

Lijo

AkshaySurya

Sudarshana

Parvathi

Praghna

Adithya

Viswesh

TEAM VINDHYA

Sarithra Nikitha

MITHRADHAMChapter : 1

14 February 2013

Mithradham A pilot NGO initiative in India for

propagation of renewable energy. A model for sustainable and holistic

development. A model for organic cultivation of

vegetables, fruits and spices. A model for Indo-German cooperation in

environment and renewable energy.

The Renewable Energy Centre

Mithradham initiated by Mrs.

Rosemarie Zaiser, Stuttgart-Germany,

and Dr. George Peter Pittappillil,

Kerala-India.

Solar PV

Bio Gas

Water treatment

Windmill

Photovoltaic Power Plant for Electricity GenerationData:5 KWp Power.3 KW Inverter.1200 Ah Battery Storage.1 KW Wind generator.Electricity for a building complex with 40 rooms including lights, fan, TV, radio, computer, PC, Fridge, Washing Machine, telephone, fax etc.

Wind Energy GeneratorData:24 V, 900 Watt.Wind speed Minimum 4m/s.Charges the battery storage during monsoon period.

Solar Warm Water SystemCooking.Drinking water.Dish washing.

Energy from BiomassBiomass System in Mithradham.Biomass Fermenter.

RENEWABLES @ MITHRADHAM

Wind Energy GeneratorData:24 V, 900 Watt.Wind speed Minimum 4m/s.Charges the battery storage during monsoon period.

WHAT CAN WINDPOWER ACHIEVE?

If the windmill operates at 100% capacity, it would generate 900x24 = 21600 W or 21kWhr or 21 units per day

Assuming a 30% wind availability, the generation would be 21.6*30% = 6.48 units per day

A typical LED lamp would consume 6-8 W and and hence abut 300 LED lamps can be lit up using this energy

WHY RENEWABLES?Chapter : 2

Why do we need renewables energy ?

World population grew 110% from 2.4 Bn to 5

Bn in 35 years from 1950 and is expected to

soon touch 8 Bn.

People need energy and most of it are from

Fossil fuels – Coal, Petroleum and Nuclear.

They are exhaustible and polluting.

Energy Security Reduce Global Warming

ENERGY SECURITYChapter : 3

Energy Requirement & Sources Heat

Electricity Lighting Aircon Computers Television Cooking Washing & Drying Factories

Fuels for Transport Cars Buses Bikes Trains

Fuels Factories

World Energy Consumption by Source

Solar Energy constitutes only 0.23% of the energy sources

and less than 1% for electricity generation

India’s Power story

Of the 198 GW installed power capacity, Renewable Energy sources contribute only 12%. Solar has the highest potential and least exploited of the RES

It is said that if we can capture energy from the sun for one hour, it will meet the energy needs of the world for one year!

India has great potential to generate power from solar energy.

On an average India has 300 sunny days, among the highest in the world.

SOLAR ENERGYChapter : 4

Photovoltaics

The Solar Energy Solutions

Solar water heater

Solar Cooker

Silicon wafer thickness – 180 microns Roof top Solar Modules

The Solar Cell

1 micron = 1 thousandth of 1 mm

Solar modules used to harness energy from the sun are made up of photovoltaic cells. Photovoltaic cells are constructed of semiconducting materials, usually silicon. The cells use either crystalline silicon or amorphous silicon. 

 Pure silicon acts as an insulator, but by doping the silicon with phosphorus, an element with five valence electrons, an n-type semiconductor is created.[5] . Because silicon has four valence electrons, phosphorous provides additional electrons to the silicon crystal lattice so that there are more electrons in an n-type semiconductor than there are places for them to fit into the lattice.[6] These extra electrons will carry electric current and generates electricty.

Semiconductors can also be of p-type. Dope silicon with boron, which has three valence electrons, to create a p-type semiconductor. P-type semiconductors have “holes,” which are empty places for electrons in the lattice, as their majority carrier because boron has one less valence electron than silicon. When the two types of semiconductors are placed next to one another they form a p-n junction where holes drift from the p-side to the n-side and free electrons drift in the other direction. This movement of charge (negative electrons) produces an electrical field across the junction, or the location where the two sides meet. Negative ions are left behind when a hole leaves the p-side and positive ions are left behind when a free electron leaves the n-side.

India’s Solar Initiatives

Solar Panels in remote Ladakh

Jawaharlal Nehru Solar Mission to generate 20 GW of power through solar by 2020

World’s first canal top solar farm in Gujarat

Roof top solar in a village in Tamil Nadu

10000 rooftop solar homes in Kerala

GLOBAL WARMINGChapter : 5

What is Greenhouse Effect?

What is Global Warming?

Global warming is caused by an increase in the greenhouse effect. The greenhouse effect is not a bad

thing by itself -- it's what allows Earth to stay warm enough for life to survive.

When the sun's rays hit the Earth's atmosphere and the surface of the Earth, approximately 70 percent of

the energy stays on the planet. The other 30 percent is reflected into space. But even the 70 percent that

gets through doesn't stay on earth forever (otherwise the Earth would become a blazing fireball). The

Earth's oceans and land masses eventually radiate heat back out. Some of this heat makes it into space.

The rest of it ends up getting absorbed when it hits certain things in the atmosphere, such as carbon

dioxide, methane gas and water vapor.. The heat that doesn't make it out through Earth's atmosphere

keeps the planet warm. This is all part of the greenhouse effect that keeps the Earth warm.

The greenhouse effect happens because of certain naturally occurring substances in the atmosphere.

Unfortunately, since the Industrial Revolution, humans have been pouring huge amounts of those

substances into the air.

                                                                                                                               

Some possible effects of global warming are the inundation of low-lying

islands due to rising sea levels, increased frequency of severe storms and

the retreat of glaciers and icecaps.

Photo courtesy NASA

What is the effect of Global Warming?

Rise in sea levels

Increased frequency of severe

storms

Retreat of glaciers and Ice-caps

Flooding of low lying costal areas

                                                                                                                                

      

Hydrogen-powered cars, the increased use of solar cells, and hydro-electric

power plants are possible ways to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases.

Courtesy BMW AG, Munich, Germany; DOE/NREL; SunLine Transit Agency

How can we reduce Global Warming?

Reduce CO2 Emissions by reducing use of fossil fuels

Promote use of renewables Hydro Wind Solar Bio-Mass Geo-Thermal Fuel Cells Hydrogen powered vehicles

OUR LEARNINGSChapter : 6

Learnings from our day out

The power of Renewables

How they can provide us unlimited energy & reduce global warming

Everybody can have access to power - we do not need big power lines!

The many subjects that we study at school are interconnected..

Social Science – population growth and energy needs

Physics – mechanical to electrical energy, light to electrical energy, potential to electrical energy

Mathematics – dimensions, data representation and data analysis

Biology, Chemistry and Earth science – water cycle, global warming, greenhouse effect

In short everything in the world is interconnected!

Our Renewed Commitment

We also enjoyed learning as a team and had…

Do not Pollute!

Reduce Energy

consumption!

Use more renewables!

LOADS OF FUN!

Thank you!