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Review of last lecture
• Cradles of civilization. Were the ancient people stupid?
• Ancient view of nature• Industry revolution: positive effects and
negative effects • Vision: environmental protection and enjoy
the bare necessities
The most common atmospheric circulation structure
L
H
H
L
HeatingCoolingor No Heating
Imbalance of heating Imbalance of temperature Imbalance of pressure Wind
Radiation Convection Conduction
Latent/Sensible
BiosphereLand/Ocean/Ice/
Stratosphere Feedback
Greenhouse Gases
Pollution
Clouds Precipitation (Latent heat)
SpiritualSocialHealthEconomy
Observed change of greenhouse gases
Global atmospheric concentrations of CO2 and CH4 have increased markedly as a result of human activities since 1750 and now far exceed pre-industrial values determined from ice core measurements spanning the last 650,000 years!
Greenhouse gas emissions per capita
The developed countries and developing countries contribute almost equally to the emissions of GHGs.
Video: Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Climate Change
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gDcGz1iVm6U
International: Kyoto protocol• Negotiated in 1997. Commits parties to
internationally binding emission reduction targets.• “Common but differentiated responsibilities”
– Specific reduction targets for developed countries– Measures to slow the growth of emissions in
developing countries• Non-parties:
– Canada– USA– Andorra– South Sudan– Palestine– Vatican City
Others Copenhagen Accord (2009)
Not legally-binding Attempts to limit global warming
to 2°C above pre-industrial temps Durban Platform for Enhanced
Action (2011) Agreement to conclude new
treaty by 2015 EU and other member countries
agree to emissions cuts under Kyoto Protocol
Promises• Increased understanding of
climate change phenomena:– IPCC 5th Assessment
Report• Emissions curbing:
– Many Kyoto Protocol signatories on track to meet targets
– Brazil, China, India
Principles:•Sustainability•Human rights and dignity•Accountability•Efficiency•Investment in the future
Business: Green Economy
Six main components: Renewable energy, Green buildings, Sustainable transportation, Water management, Waste management, Land management
Summary
• Mitigation: International (Kyoto Protocol)• Green economy (Renewable energy, Sustainable
transportation, Green buildings, Energy-efficient industry and carbon capture, Land management, afforestation, waste management)
Work cited• http
://intercongreen.com/2010/03/15/green-building-ebbs-slightly-in-recession-but-sentiment-remains-strong/
• http://nimbuseco.com/2013/01/deforestation-and-pollution-facts/ • http://greenbalkans.org/category.php?language=en_EN&cat_id=63 • http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/ia/newsroom/releases/?cid=
nrcs142p2_011847 • http://www.csiro.au/en/Portals/Multimedia/On-the-record/Megan-Clark-presentation-2
0090526-generating-industries/Post-Combustion-Carbon-Capture.aspx
• http://economistsview.typepad.com/economistsview/2005/09/the_consumer_dr.html • http://nca2009.globalchange.gov/human-health • http://yosemite.epa.gov/ee/epa/eerm.nsf/vwAN/EE-0564-112.pdf/$file/EE-0564-112.
pdf • http://livinggreenmag.com/2012/06/13/climate-change/scientists-warn-that-earth-is-
close-to-climate-tipping-point/ • http://www.cnn.com/2013/05/29/opinion/mystreet-digital-anthropology/ • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:World-airline-routemap-2009.png