MITOGENOME FRAGMENTATION IN ANIMALS – POSSIBLE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS
Tadeusz Malewski
Department of Molecular and Biometric Techniques, Museum and Institute of Zoology,
Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1819 (2012): 939 - 947
Typical organization of mtDNA in animals
Multipartite mitochondrial DNA
Wei D-D, Shao R, Yuan M-L, Dou W, Barker SC, et al. (2012) The Multipartite Mitochondrial Genome of Liposcelis bostrychophila: Insights into the Evolution of Mitochondrial Genomes in Bilateral Animals. PLoS ONE 7(3): e33973. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033973
Gibson T, Blok VC, Phillips MS, Hong G, Kumarasinghe D, Riley IT, Dowton M (2007)The Mitochondrial Subgenomes of the Nematode Globodera pallida are Mosaics:Evidence of Recombination in an Animal Mitochondrial GenomeJ Mol Evol 64:463–471
Multipartite mitochondrial DNA
Smith DR, Kayal E, Yanagihara AA, Collins AG, Pirro S, Keeling PJ (2011)First Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequence from a Box Jellyfish Reveals a Highly Fragmented Linear Architecture and Insights into Telomere EvolutionGenome Biol. Evol. 4(1):52–58.
Multipartite mitochondrial DNA
Shao R, Zhu X-Q, Barker SC, Herd K (2012)Evolution of Extensively Fragmented Mitochondrial Genomes in the Lice of HumansGenome Biol. Evol. 4(11):1088–1101
Multipartite mitochondrial DNA
Multipartite mitochondrial DNA
Shao R, Zhu X-Q, Barker SC, Herd K (2012)Evolution of Extensively Fragmented Mitochondrial Genomes in the Lice of HumansGenome Biol. Evol. 4(11):1088–1101
Multipartite mitochondrial DNA
number of minicycles
Hexapoda Liposcelis bostrychophila – 2 Damalinia sika – 3Pediculus humanus – 20
Nematoda Globodera pallida – 7Globodera rostrochiensis – 7
Rotifera Brachionus plicatilis – 2
Medusozoa Hydra magnipapillata – 2
Mesosoa Dicyema misakiense – 6
Diplonemids Diplonema papillatum > 100
Possible molecular mechanisms responsible for formation and maintaining of multipartite mtDNA
- replication - recombination
Kasiviswanathan R, Collins TRL, Copeland WC (2012)The interface of transcription and DNA replication in the mitochondriaBiochimica et Biophysica Acta 1819: 970–978
Klingbeil MM, Shapiro TA (2009) Unraveling the Secrets of Regulating Mitochondrial DNA Replication Molecular Cell 35: 398 - 400
Silencing of TbPIF2 expression resulted in rapid loss of maxicircles with little effect on minicircles
Abundance of TbPIF2 is controlled through proteolytic degradation by TbHslVU
RNA (?) helicase Suv3
M. Minczuk, J. Piwowarski, M.A. Papworth, K. Awiszus, S. Schalinski, A. Dziembowski, A. Dmochowska, E. Bartnik, K. Tokatlidis, P.P. Stepien, P. Borowski (2002)Localisation of the human hSuv3p helicase in the mitochondrial matrix and itspreferential unwinding of dsDNA.Nucleic Acids Res. 30: 5074–5086.
Comparison of efficacy of RNA and DNA unwinding reaction mediated by hSuv3p as a function of decreasing enzyme concentration.
Szczesny RJ, Borowski LS, Malecki M, Wojcik MA, Stepien PP, Golik P (2012)RNA Degradation in Yeast and Human MitochondriaBiochimica et Biophysica Acta 1819: 1027–1034
A model of the functional interplay between the activities of the yeast mitochondrial degradosome.
Alverson AJ, Zhuo S, Rice DW, Sloan DB, et al. (2011) The Mitochondrial Genome of the Legume Vigna radiata and the Analysis of Recombination across Short Mitochondrial Repeats. PLoS ONE 6(1): e16404. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016404
Alverson AJ, Zhuo S, Rice DW, Sloan DB, et al. (2011) The Mitochondrial Genome of the Legume Vigna radiata and the Analysis of Recombination across Short Mitochondrial Repeats. PLoS ONE 6(1): e16404. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016404http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0016404
Alverson AJ, Zhuo S, Rice DW, Sloan DB, et al. (2011) The Mitochondrial Genome of the Legume Vigna radiata and the Analysis of Recombination across Short Mitochondrial Repeats. PLoS ONE 6(1): e16404. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016404http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0016404
Alverson AJ, Zhuo S, Rice DW, Sloan DB, et al. (2011) The Mitochondrial Genome of the Legume Vigna radiata and the Analysis of Recombination across Short Mitochondrial Repeats. PLoS ONE 6(1): e16404. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016404http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0016404
Shao R, Zhu X-Q, Barker SC, Herd K (2012)Evolution of Extensively Fragmented Mitochondrial Genomes in the Lice of HumansGenome Biol. Evol. 4(11):1088–1101
Multipartite mitochondrial DNA
GGTTTTTCG T-A T-A T-A T-A T-A T-A T-A T-A
Scmt I
5389-5415
GGTTTTTCG A-T A-T A-T A-T A-T A-T A-T A-T A-T
Scmt III
1593-1619
TATTCTTTCC T-A A-T A-T A-T A-T A-T A-T T-A
Scmt VII
283-308
TTCTCGGTC T-A T-A T-A T-A T-A A-T A-T T-A
Scmt VI
1849-1874
TTAATTAT T-A T-A T-A T-A T-A T-A C-G T-A A-T A-T
Scmt VI
2479-2506
Stem-loop structures in multipartite mtDNA of Globodera
G. pallida G. rostrochiensis
A B C A CB
Scmt IIScmt I
Scmt III
Scmt IV
Scmt V
Scmt VI
Variations in multipartite mtDNA in populations of Globodera pallida
mtDNA Populations
A B C
Cysts Cysts Cysts
1 2 1 2 3 1 2 3 4
I - - - + + - - - -
II + + + + + + + + +
III - - + + + + + + +
IV + + + + + + + + +
V + + + + + + + + +
VI - - - + + + + + +
VII + + + + + + + + +
Thank you for attention
