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15
MITOSIS
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Page 1: Mitosis Notes 10 13 16 - amandatupper.weebly.com€¦ · Mitosis Wrap-Up • The “daughter cell” of mitosis: • Have the same number of chromosomes as each other and as the parent

MITOSIS

Page 2: Mitosis Notes 10 13 16 - amandatupper.weebly.com€¦ · Mitosis Wrap-Up • The “daughter cell” of mitosis: • Have the same number of chromosomes as each other and as the parent

MITOSIS• Divisionofthenucleus• Alsocalledkaryokinesis• Onlyoccursineukaryotes• Hasfourstages• Doesn’toccurinsomecellssuchasbraincells• Usedforgrowth,repairorreplacementofcells.

Daughtercells/CLONESofparentcell

MetaphaseAnaphase

Telophase

Cytokinesis

Prophase

Page 3: Mitosis Notes 10 13 16 - amandatupper.weebly.com€¦ · Mitosis Wrap-Up • The “daughter cell” of mitosis: • Have the same number of chromosomes as each other and as the parent

4MainMitoticStages

1. Prophase

2. Metaphase

3. Anaphase

4. Telophase

Chromosomescondense

Chromosomesalign

Sisterchromatidsarepulledapart

Cellmembranebeginstoformaroundsplitchromosomes

Page 4: Mitosis Notes 10 13 16 - amandatupper.weebly.com€¦ · Mitosis Wrap-Up • The “daughter cell” of mitosis: • Have the same number of chromosomes as each other and as the parent

KinetochoreFiber

Chromosome

MitoticOrganelles• Centrioles:Thefishingpole• SpindleFibers:Thefishingline• Kinetochore:Thehook

Centriole#2

SpindleFibers

SpindleFibers

Centriole#1

Page 5: Mitosis Notes 10 13 16 - amandatupper.weebly.com€¦ · Mitosis Wrap-Up • The “daughter cell” of mitosis: • Have the same number of chromosomes as each other and as the parent

BeforeProphaseacouplethingshavetohappen…• Chromatininnucleuscondensestoformvisiblechromosomes• Mitoticspindleforms,Nuclearmembrane&nucleolusarebrokendown• Spindlefibers&kinetochoresattachtothecentromereofeachchromosome• Spindlefinishesformingbetweenthepolesofthecell

Chromosomes

Nucleolus Cytoplasm

Nuclear Membrane

Chromosomes

Nucleolus

NuclearMembraneisdisappearing

Cell in Interphase

Page 6: Mitosis Notes 10 13 16 - amandatupper.weebly.com€¦ · Mitosis Wrap-Up • The “daughter cell” of mitosis: • Have the same number of chromosomes as each other and as the parent

Mitosis- Prophase

• Nuclearmembrane&nucleolusarebrokendown• Chromosomescontinuecondensing&areclearlyvisible• Spindlefiberscalledkinetochoresattachtothecentromereofeachchromosome• Spindlefinishesformingbetweenthepolesofthecell

Page 7: Mitosis Notes 10 13 16 - amandatupper.weebly.com€¦ · Mitosis Wrap-Up • The “daughter cell” of mitosis: • Have the same number of chromosomes as each other and as the parent

Mitosis- Metaphase

• Chromosomes,attachedtothekinetochorefibers,movetothecenterofthecell• Chromosomesarenowlinedupattheequator

EquatorofCell

Page 8: Mitosis Notes 10 13 16 - amandatupper.weebly.com€¦ · Mitosis Wrap-Up • The “daughter cell” of mitosis: • Have the same number of chromosomes as each other and as the parent

Mitosis- Anaphase• Occursrapidly• Sisterchromatidsarepulledaparttooppositepolesofthecellbykinetochorefibers

SisterChromatids

beingseparated

Page 9: Mitosis Notes 10 13 16 - amandatupper.weebly.com€¦ · Mitosis Wrap-Up • The “daughter cell” of mitosis: • Have the same number of chromosomes as each other and as the parent

Mitosis-Telophase

Page 10: Mitosis Notes 10 13 16 - amandatupper.weebly.com€¦ · Mitosis Wrap-Up • The “daughter cell” of mitosis: • Have the same number of chromosomes as each other and as the parent

ComparisonofAnaphase&Telophase

10

Page 11: Mitosis Notes 10 13 16 - amandatupper.weebly.com€¦ · Mitosis Wrap-Up • The “daughter cell” of mitosis: • Have the same number of chromosomes as each other and as the parent

CYTOKINESIS

Page 12: Mitosis Notes 10 13 16 - amandatupper.weebly.com€¦ · Mitosis Wrap-Up • The “daughter cell” of mitosis: • Have the same number of chromosomes as each other and as the parent

Cytokinesis• Meansdivisionofthecytoplasm

• Divisionofcellintotwo,identicalhalvescalleddaughtercells

• Inplantcells,acellplate formsattheequatortodividecell

• Inanimalcells,acleavagefurrow formstosplitcell

Cleavagefurrowinanimalcell

Cellplateinanimalcell

Page 13: Mitosis Notes 10 13 16 - amandatupper.weebly.com€¦ · Mitosis Wrap-Up • The “daughter cell” of mitosis: • Have the same number of chromosomes as each other and as the parent

Mitotic Stages

13

Page 14: Mitosis Notes 10 13 16 - amandatupper.weebly.com€¦ · Mitosis Wrap-Up • The “daughter cell” of mitosis: • Have the same number of chromosomes as each other and as the parent

MitosisWrap-Up

• The“daughtercell”ofmitosis:• Havethesamenumberofchromosomesaseachotherandastheparentcellfromwhichtheywereformed• Identicaltoeachother,butsmallerthanparentcell• Mustgrowinsizetobecomematurecells(G1ofInterphase)

14

Chromosomenumberthesame,butcellssmallerthanparentcell

Whatisthe2nordiploidnumber?

Page 15: Mitosis Notes 10 13 16 - amandatupper.weebly.com€¦ · Mitosis Wrap-Up • The “daughter cell” of mitosis: • Have the same number of chromosomes as each other and as the parent

UncontrolledMitosis• Ifmitosisisnotcontrolled,unlimitedcelldivisionoccurscausingcanceroustumors

• Oncogenesarespecialproteinsthatincreasethechancethatanormalcelldevelopsintoatumorcell

15

Cancercells


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