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MNRE
Development of Biogas and Biofuels in India
WORKSHOP ON INDO-ASEAN COOPERATIONIN RENEWABLE ENERGY
5th November, 2012
Anil Dhussa, DirectorMinistry of New & Renewable Energy
New Delhi
MNREBioenergy Options
o Biomass Combustion / Co-generationo Improved solid fuels (Pellet, Briquettes, Char) o Gaseous Fuels
- Bio-chemical / Bio-methanation (Biogas)
- Thermo-chemical (Producer Gas)o Liquid Fuels
- Extraction (Trans esterification / biodiesel)
- Thermo-Chemical (Pyrolysis Oil)
- Bio-chemical (Ethanol, Butanol)
MNREBiomethanation
o Biomethanation / Anaerobic Digestion (AD) has emerged as a mature technology for energy from animal and agro-industrial wastes / residues, biomass and energy crops
o Large Potential of energy recovery from above substrates and treatment & disposal of wastes
MNRE
Bio-energy Resources in IndiaAgricultural residues / energy cropsoOver 140 M ha arable land is estimated to produce over 700 MTA biomasso50 M ha arable land is under mono cropping - potential for short cycle cellulosic biomass.
Cattle dung and Poultry droppingso1000 MTA from 300 million cows & buffaloes.o 8 MTA from 500 million poultry birds.
MSWoBy 2021 urban population likely to be 550 mil - would generate > 150 MTA of MSW
Potential in India
o Surplus biomass : 17000 MWo Cows manure : 1500 MW and poultry droppings
o Urban Wastes : 2600 MW
o Industrial Wastes : 1300 MW
MNREBenefits of Biogas Technology
o Biomethanation (AD) produces energy and treats waste
o Contributes to energy security through use of local resources
o Produces superior organic manure - Industrial AD Plants can produce assured quality organic fertilizer for improving profitability
o De-centralised application for segregated organic wastes help to reduce landfills
Biogas from Industrial wastes
Likely Capacities
oDistilleries effluent : 1 MW / 30 kL oDairies (milk processing) : 100 kW / 3 lakh litresoPaper Mills (Black Liq. +) : 1 MW / 60 TPD paper oSlaughterhouse waste : 100 kW / 10-12 TPDoPoultry droppings : 1 MW / 1 Million birds oCattle dung : 100 kW / 25 TPD
MNREBiogas in India
o 4.5 M Household biogas plants based on cattle manure mainly for producing cooking fuel
o Mid sized biogas plants based on cattle manure and other similar wastes for heat, electricity or motive power
o Biogas from urban and industrial wastes and effluents
o Co-digestion of farm / agricultural residues with urban and industrial wastes
MNRE
Biogas from Animal Manure and Agro-residues
o 1 MW and 1.2 MW Cattle manure based biogas projects at Ludhiana, Punjab and Jabalpur, MP
o About 2000 small and medium size biogas plants based on cattle manure for heat, electricity or motive power (5-25 kW)
o 1.5 and 2.5 MW biogas projects based on poultry droppings in Tamil Nadu
o Two projects of 4 MW each for agricultural wastes / residues in Punjab under installation
o
MNRE
Biogas fromIndustrial Wastes
o 1.5 MW power from food processing and sugar industry solid waste
o Four biogas projects for bagasse / straw wash-water in paper mills
o About 20 projects for heat and/or power from starch industry effluents
o Over 250 distilleries generating biogas for heat and/or power from their spent wash/effluent
o Demonstration projects for converting biogas into bio-CNG
MNRE
Biogas Plant DesignsTop: Floating drum Bottom:Fixed dome
MNRE
Global Methane Initiative – Meeting of Agr. Sub-Committee November 12, 2010
1.0 MW power project based on cattle dung at a Dairy Complex Ludhiana, Punjab
MNRE
1.2 MW power project based on cattle manure at Dairy Colony in Jabalpur
MNRE
Global Methane Initiative – Meeting of Agr. Sub-Committee November 12, 2010
Biomethanation of bagasse wash-water at Tamil Nadu Newsprint and Papers Company
MNRE
Global Methane Initiative – Meeting of Agr. Sub-Committee November 12, 2010
3000 cum biomethanation project for solid waste 3000 cum biomethanation project for solid waste at Slaughterhouse in Andhra Pradeshat Slaughterhouse in Andhra Pradesh
MNRE
Global Methane Initiative – Meeting of Agr. Sub-Committee November 12, 2010
2 MW biogas power at a distillery
MNREKitchen waste biogas plant
MNRE
Government Support for Biogas Programme
o Financial and fiscal supporto Provisions in the Electricity Act 2003
- Open access to grid for RE power- Preferential tariffs by State regulators- RE Power Obligations for Transcos
o Capacity building measureso Support for Research and Development
MNREBiofuels in India
o 1st generation Biofuels - From molasses – bio-ethanol - From oil bearing seeds (SVO and biodiesel)o 2nd generation Biofuels: ligno-cellulosic substrates - Ethanol through enzymatic fermentation - bio-crude, bio-oil (Thermo-chemical route)o 3rd generation Biofuels - Algae, green dieselo 4th generation Biofuels: CO2 sequestration …….
MNRENational Biofuel Policy
o Announced in December, 2009
o Development and utilization of indigenous non-food feedstocks raised on degraded or waste lands
o Thrust on research and development on cultivation, processing and production of biofuels
o 20% Ethanol and Bio-diesel blending by 2017 – current target is 5% blending – achieving ~ 2%
MNRE
Some Recent Initiatives
o Identified quality germ-plasms of Jatropha and assessed their availability for multiplication
o Facility for large scale micro-propagation of elite Jatropha genotypes under development
o Demonstration projects on promising genotypes taken up
o Major thrust on R & D on 2nd Generation Biofuels
o Pilot projects set up
MNREInitiatives taken by Industry
o Private and Public sector industry active in R&D, Plantation of oilseed bearing trees and production of bio-diesel and bio-ethanol
o 10 bio-diesel plants set up with capacities ranging from 30-1600 TPD and aggregating to 3080 TPD.
o This production capacity can replace over 2% of the current diesel demand.
o Slowdown as adequate feedstock not available