Mobile Broadband Explosion_PPT_Rysavy_Sept2011 - Slides

8/3/2019 Mobile Broadband Explosion_PPT_Rysavy_Sept2011 - Slides

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Mobile Broadband Explosion, Rysavy Research2011 white paper

Mobile Broadband Explosion

3GPP Broadband Evolution to IMT-Advanced

Sept ember 2011


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KeyConclusions

(1)

Mobilebroadband encompassingnetworks,devices,andapplications isbecomingoneofthemostsuccessfulandfastestgrowingindustriesofalltime.

Thewirelessindustryisaddressingexplodingdatademandthroughacombination

ofspectrally

more

efficient

technology,

heterogeneous

networks

(HetNets),

and

selfconfigurationandselfoptimization.Ultimately,however,largeamountsof

additionalharmonizedspectrumisneededinmostcountries,andiscriticaltothe

industrysfuture.

LTEhasbecometheglobalcellulartechnologyplatformofchoiceforbothGSMUMTSandCodeDivisionMultipleAccess(CDMA)/EvolvedDataOptimized(EVDO)

operators.WiMAXoperatorshaveasmoothpathtoLTETimeDivisionDuplex(LTE

TDD).

ThewirelesstechnologyroadmapnowextendsbeyondIMTAdvancedwithLTE

Advancedbeing

one

of

the

first

technologies

defined

to

meet

IMT

Advanced

requirements.LTEAdvancedwillbecapableofpeakthroughputratesthatexceed

1gigabitpersecond(Gbps).

2


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Key

Conclusions

(2) Futurenetworkswillbenetworksofnetworks,consistingofmultipleaccess

technologies,multiplebands,widelyvaryingcoverageareas,allselforganizedand

selfoptimized.SuchHetNetswillsignificantlyincreaseoverallcapacity.

GSMHSPA

has

an

overwhelming

global

position

in

terms

of

subscribers,

deployment,andservices.Itssuccesswillcontinuetomarginalizeotherwidearea

wirelesstechnologies.

HSPA+providesastrategicperformanceroadmapadvantageforincumbentGSMHSPAoperators.Featuressuchasmulticarrieroperation,MultipleInputMultiple

Output(MIMO),andhigherordermodulationofferoperatorsnumerousoptions

forupgradingtheirnetworks,withmanyofthesefeatures(e.g.,multicarrier,

higherordermodulation)beingavailableasnetworksoftwareupgrades.Withall

plannedfeaturesimplemented,HSPA+peakrateswilleventuallyreachan

astonishing336Mbps.

HSPA+with64QuadratureAmplitudeModulation(QAM)anddualcarrieroperationisspectrallymoreefficientthancompetingtechnologiesincluding

WiMAXRelease1.0.

3


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KeyConclusions

(3)

The3GPPOFDMAapproachusedinLTEmatchesorexceedsthecapabilitiesofanyotherOFDMAsystem.Peaktheoreticaldownlinkratesare300Mbpsina20MHz

channelbandwidth.LTEassumesafullInternetProtocol(IP)networkarchitecture,

anditisdesignedtosupportvoiceinthepacketdomain.

GSMHSPAwillcomprisetheoverwhelmingmajorityofsubscribersoverthenextfivetotenyears,evenasnewwirelesstechnologiesareadopted.Thedeployment

ofLTEanditscoexistencewithUMTSHSPAwillbeanalogoustothedeploymentof

UMTSHSPAanditscoexistencewithGSM.

EDGEtechnology

has

proven

extremely

successful

and

is

widely

deployed

on

GSM

networksglobally.AdvancedcapabilitieswithEvolvedEDGEcandoubleand

eventuallyquadruplecurrentEDGEthroughputrates,halvelatency,andincrease

spectralefficiency.

4


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Key

Conclusions

(4) EPCwillprovideanewcorenetworkthatsupportsbothLTEandinteroperability

withlegacyGSMUMTSradioaccessnetworksandnon3GPPbasedradioaccess

networks.Policybasedchargingandcontrolprovidesflexiblequalityofservice

(QoS)management,

enabling

new

types

of

applications,

as

well

as

billing

arrangements.

InnovationssuchasEPCandUMTSonetunnelarchitecturewillflattenthenetwork,simplifyingdeploymentandreducinglatency.

WiFioffloadwillplayanincreasinglyimportantroleinaddressdemandandwill

becomeprogressively

more

seamless

for

users.

5


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20102000 2005

100kbps

10kbps

1Mbps

10Mbps

100Mbps

GPRS40kbps

UMTS350kbps

HSDPA1Mbps

HSPA+5Mbps

LTE10Mbps

EDGE100

kbps

ADSL1Mbps

ISDN

128kbps

ADSL3to

5Mbps

ADSL2+25Mbps

FTTH100

Mbps

Wirelineand

Wireless

Advances

6


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BandwidthRequirements

7

Application Typical Throughput

(Mbps)

Streaming music 0.1

Small screen (e.g.,feature phone) video

0.2

Medium-definition video 1.0

Higher-definition video 2.0

High-definition, full-screen video

4.0

Blu-ray 16.0


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Bandwidth Management Morespectrum

Useunpaired

spectrum

Increasedspectralefficiency

Morecellsitesandheterogeneousnetworks

Femtocells

WiFi

Offpeakhours

Qualityofservice

Innovative dataplans

8


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Benefits

of

Spectrum

and

Offload

9

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.08.0

10.0

12.0

14.0

16.0

1 2 5 10 20 50

ThroughputPe

rUser(Mbps)

SimultaneousUsersinCellSector

ImprovedThroughputswithMoreSpectrumandOffload

LTE(20MHz)LTE(40MHz)LTE(40MHz),Offload

RysavyResearch2011


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Enhanced

Technology

Creates

New

Demand

Initial Technology Initial Usage

Expanded

UsageOver Time

Enhanced Technology toRespond to Expanded Usage

EnhancedTechnology Is More

Capable andEnables NewUsages Thus

Driving AdditionalDemand

10


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CAPEX+OPEXFor

1GByte

of

Data

11


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Global

Mobile

Data

Growth

12

Source: Cisco, Cisco Visual Networking Index: Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update, February 1, 2011.

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Exabytes(billionbillionbytes

)

P

erMonth

Year


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Deployments

as

of

2Q

2011

Over5.2billionGSMUMTSsubscribers.

IntheU.S.wirelessdatarepresents35%ofrevenue.

Morethan531commercialEDGEnetworks.

752millionUMTSHSPAcustomersworldwideacross400commercialnetworks.

Morethan3,000HSPAdevices.

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1G

to

4G

14

Generation Requirements Comments

1G No official requirements.

Analog technology.

Deployed in the 1980s.

2G No official requirements.

Digital Technology.

First digital systems.

Deployed in the 1990s.

New services such as SMS andlow-rate data.

Primary technologies include IS-95CDMA and GSM.

3G ITUs IMT-2000 required 144 kbps mobile,

384 kbps pedestrian, 2 Mbps indoors

Primary technologies include

CDMA2000 1X/EV-DO and UMTS-HSPA.

WiMAX now an official 3Gtechnology.

4G (InitialTechnicalDesignation)

ITUs IMT-Advanced requirements includeability to operate in up to 40 MHz radiochannels and with very high spectralefficiency.

No commercially deployedtechnology meets requirementstoday.

IEEE 802.16m and LTE-Advancedbeing designed to meetrequirements.

4G (CurrentMarketingDesignation)

Systems that significantly exceed theperformance of initial 3G networks. Noquantitative requirements.

Todays HSPA+, LTE, and WiMAXnetworks meet this requirement.


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Relative

Adoption

of

Technologies

15

1990 2000 20202010

LTE

UMTS/HSPA

Relative

Subscriptions

GSM/EDGE

2030


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LTE:

Platform

for

the

Future

16


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Characteristicsof3GPPTechnologies(1)

17

TechnologyName

Type CharacteristicsTypical

DownlinkSpeed

TypicalUplink Speed

GSM TDMA

Most widely deployedcellular technology in the

world. Provides voice anddata service via

GPRS/EDGE.

EDGE TDMA

Data service for GSMnetworks. An

enhancement to originalGSM data service called

GPRS.

70 kbps

to 135 kbps

70 kbps

to 135 kbps

EvolvedEDGE

TDMA

Advanced version of EDGEthat can double andeventually quadruple

throughput rates, halvelatency and increasespectral efficiency.

175 kbps to350 kbpsexpected

(SingleCarrier)


(Dual Carrier)



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Characteristics

of

3GPP

Technologies

(2)

18

TechnologyName

Type CharacteristicsTypical Downlink

SpeedTypical Uplink

Speed

UMTS CDMA 3G technology providing voice anddata capabilities. Current

deployments implement HSPA fordata service.

200 to 300 kbps 200 to 300 kbps

HSPA CDMA Data service for UMTS networks. Anenhancement to original UMTS dataservice.

1 Mbps to4 Mbps

500 kbpsto 2 Mbps

HSPA+ CDMA Evolution of HSPA in various stagesto increase throughput and capacityand to lower latency.

1.9 to Mbps to8.8 Mbpsin 5/5 MHz

Approximatedoubling with dualcarrier in 10/5 MHz

1 Mbps to4 Mbpsin 5/5 MHz or in10/5 MHz

LTE OFDMA New radio interface that can usewide radio channels and deliverextremely high throughput rates. Allcommunications handled in IPdomain.

6.5 to 26.3 Mbps in10/10 MHz

6.0 to 13.0 Mbps in10/10 MHz

LTE- Advanced OFDMA Advanced version of LTE designed tomeet IMT-Advanced requirements.


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Mobile Broadband Explosion, Rysavy Research2011 white paper 19


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3GPP

Releases

(1) Release99:Completed.FirstdeployableversionofUMTS.Enhancementsto

GSMdata(EDGE).MajorityofdeploymentstodayarebasedonRelease99.

ProvidessupportforGSM/EDGE/GPRS/WCDMAradioaccessnetworks.

Release4:Completed.Multimediamessagingsupport.FirststepstowardusingIPtransportinthecorenetwork.

Release5:Completed.HSDPA.FirstphaseofIMS.FullabilitytouseIPbasedtransportinsteadofjustAsynchronousTransferMode(ATM)inthecore

network.

Release6:Completed.HSUPA.EnhancedmultimediasupportthroughMultimediaBroadcast/MulticastServices(MBMS).Performancespecifications

foradvancedreceivers.WLANintegrationoption.IMSenhancements.Initial

VoIPcapability.

20


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3GPP

Releases

(2) Release7:Completed.ProvidesenhancedGSMdatafunctionalitywithEvolvedEDGE.SpecifiesHSPA+,whichincludeshigherordermodulationandMIMO.Performance

enhancements,improvedspectralefficiency,increasedcapacity,andbetterresistance

tointerference.ContinuousPacketConnectivity(CPC)enablesefficientalwayson

serviceand

enhanced

uplink

UL

VoIP

capacity,

as

well

as

reductions

in

call

set

up

delay

forPushtoTalkOverCellular(PoC).RadioenhancementstoHSPAinclude64

QuadratureAmplitudeModulation(QAM)inthedownlinkDLand16QAMinthe

uplink.AlsoincludesoptimizationofMBMScapabilitiesthroughthe

multicast/broadcast,singlefrequencynetwork(MBSFN)function.

Release8:Completed.ComprisesfurtherHSPAEvolutionfeaturessuchassimultaneoususeofMIMOand64QAM.IncludesdualcarrierHSPA(DCHSPA)wherein

twoWCDMAradiochannelscanbecombinedforadoublingofthroughput

performance.SpecifiesOFDMAbased3GPPLTE.DefinesEPCandEPS.

Release9:

Completed.

HSPA

and

LTE

enhancements

including

HSPA

dual

carrier

operationincombinationwithMIMO,EPCenhancements,femtocellsupport,support

forregulatoryfeaturessuchasemergencyuserequipmentpositioningandCommercial

MobileAlertSystem(CMAS),andevolutionofIMSarchitecture.

21


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3GPP

Releases

(3) Release10:Functionallyfrozen.WillspecifyLTEAdvancedthatmeetstherequirementssetbyITUsIMTAdvancedproject.Keyfeaturesincludecarrier

aggregation,multiantennaenhancements,relays,enhancedLTESelfOptimizing

Network(SON)capability,MBMS,andHetNetenhancementsthatincludeenhanced

InterCell

Interference

Coordination

(eICIC).

For

HSPA,

includes

quad

carrier

operation

andadditionalMIMOoptions.Alsoincludesfemtocellenhancements,optimizationsfor

M2Mcommunications,andlocalIPtrafficoffload.

Release11:Inplanningstage,targetedforcompletionendof2012.EmphasisisonCoordinatedMultiPoint(CoMP),carrieraggregationenhancements,andfurther

enhancedeICICincludingdeviceswithinterferencecancellation.ForHSPA,provides8

carrieronthedownlink,uplinkdualantennabeamformingandMIMO,anddownlink

multipointtransmission.

22


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Operator

Spectrum

Requirements

23

0

50

100

150

200

250

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

MHzofSpectrum

Year

OperatorSpectrumRequirementBusiestMarkets

RysavyResearch 20 10Source: Rysavy Research, Mobile Broadband Capacity Constraints And the Need forOptimization, February 24, 2010.


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LTESpectralEfficiencyasFunctionofRadio

ChannelSize

24

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1.4 3 5 10 20

%Efficiency

Relativeto20MHz

MHz


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Mobile

Specific

Application

Architectures

25

Specification Management Scope

Parlay X Originally ETSI, Parlay Group, 3GPP.Now managed by OMA.

Web-services approach for accessing networkfunctions such as call control messaging,

presence, and location.

Few implementations and current emphasis ison OneAPI.

OneAPI GSMA in collaboration with OMA. RESTful (and some Web services) interfacesfor: SMS, MMS, location, payment, voice-callcontrol, data connection profile, device

capability.

WAC Wholesale Applications Community Device application programming interfaces(APIs), network APIs, and means ofwarehousing and distributing applications.

Device APIs include standardized access todevice functions such as audio players,cameras, messaging, accelerometers, and

address book.

Mobile Web W3C Multiple Web technologies for mobileapplications including HTML5, CascadingStyle Sheets 3 (CSS3), JavaScript, andwidgets.


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Year Features

2011 Evolved EDGE capabilities available to significantly increase EDGE throughputrates and announced deployments.

Rapid deployment of LTE globally.

LTE enhancements such as 4X2 MIMO available.

LTE-Advanced specifications completed.

HSPA+ with MIMO and dual-carrier available.

2012 LTE-Advanced potentially deployed in initial stages.

HetNet capabilities defined in Release 10 become available.

2013 andlater

Widespread use of packet voice in LTE using VoLTE.

Release 11 LTE Advanced adds capacity through CoMP.

ExpectedFeatures/Capabilities


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Today Medium Term Long TermDifferent

LTE

Deployment

Scenarios


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RadioResourceManagement

1xRTT/1xEVDO

versus

UMTS/HSPA

28

EV-DO

1xRTT

1xRTT

SpeechBlocking

Unavailable High-Speed Data Capacity

Voice

High-Speed Data

Three1.2

5MHzChannels

One5MHzChan

nel

Efficient Allocation of ResourcesBetween Voice and Data


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ThroughputComparison

29

Downlink Uplink

Peak

Network

Speed

Peak

And/ Or

Typical User

Rate

Peak

Network

Speed

Peak

And/ Or

Typical User

Rate

EDGE (type 2 MS) 473.6 kbps 473.6 kbps

EDGE (type 1 MS)

(Practical Terminal)236.8 kbps

200 kbps

peak

70 to 135

kbps typical

236.8 kbps

200 kbps

peak

70 to 135

kbps typical

Evolved EDGE

(type 1 MS)1184 kbps

1 Mbps peak

350 to 700

kbps typical

expected

(Dual

Carrier)

473.6 kbps

400 kbps

peak

150 to 300

kbps typical

expected

Evolved EDGE

(type 2 MS)1894.4 kbps 947.2 kbps

Blue Indicates Theoretical Peak Rates, Green Typical


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Throughput

Comparison

(2)

30

Downlink Uplink

Peak

Network

Speed

Peak

And/Or

Typical User

Rate

Peak

Network

Speed

Peak

And/ Or

Typical User

Rate

UMTS WCDMA Rel99 2.048 Mbps 768 kbps

UMTS WCDMA Rel99

(Practical Terminal)384 kbps

350 kbps

peak

200 to 300

kbps typical

384 kbps

350 kbps

peak

200 to 300

kbps typical

HSDPA Initial Devices

(2006)1.8 Mbps

> 1 Mbps

peak384 kbps

350 kbps

peak

HSDPA 14.4 Mbps 384 kbps

HSPA Initial

Implementation7.2 Mbps

> 5 Mbps

peak

700 kbps to

1.7 Mbps

typical

2 Mbps

> 1.5 Mbps

peak

500 kbps to

1.2 Mbps

typical


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Throughput

Comparison

(3)

31

Downlink Uplink

Peak Network

Speed

Peak And/ Or

Typical User

Rate

Peak

Network

Speed

Peak And/ Or

Typical User

Rate

HSPA 14.4 Mbps 5.76 Mbps

HSPA+ (DL 64 QAM, UL 16 QAM,5/ 5 MHz)

21.6 Mbps 1.9 Mbps to8.8 Mbps

11.5 Mbps 1 Mbps to4 Mbps

HSPA+ (2X2 MIMO,DL 16 QAM, UL 16 QAM, 5/ 5MHz)

28 Mbps 11.5 Mbps

HSPA+ (2X2 MIMO,DL 64 QAM, UL 16 QAM, 5/ 5MHz)

42 Mbps 11.5 Mbps

HSPA+(DL 64 QAM, UL 16 QAM, DualCarrier, 10/ 5 MHz)

42 Mbps Approximatedoubling of 5/5 MHzrates of1.9 Mbps to 8.8Mbps

11.5 Mbps 1 Mbps to4 Mbps

HSPA+ (2X2 MIMO,DL 64 QAM, UL 16 QAM, Dual

Carrier, 10/ 10 MHz)

84 Mbps 23 Mbps

HSPA+ (2X2 MIMO,DL 64 QAM, UL 16 QAM, QuadCarrier, 20/ 10 MHz)

168 Mbps 23 Mbps

HSPA+ (2X2 MIMO,DL 64 QAM, UL 16 QAM, QuadCarrier, 40/ 10 MHz)

336 Mbps 46 Mbps


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Throughput

Comparison

(4)

32

Downlink Uplink

Peak

Network

Speed

Peak

And/ Or

Typical User

Rate

Peak

Network

Speed

Peak

And/ Or

Typical User

Rate

LTE (2X2 MIMO, 10/ 10MHz)

70 Mbps 6.5 to 26.3Mbps

35 Mbps 6.0 to 13.0Mbps

LTE (4X4 MIMO, 20/ 20MHz)

300 Mbps 71 Mbps

LTE Advanced (8X8 MIMO,20/ 20 MHz, DL 64 QAM, UL

64 QAM)

1.2 Gbps 568 Mbps


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ThroughputComparison(5)

33

Downlink Uplink

Peak Network

Speed

Peak And/ Or

Typical User Rate

Peak Network

Speed

Peak And/ Or

Typical User Rate

CDMA2000 1XRTT 153 kbps 130 kbps peak 153 kbps 130 kbps peak

CDMA2000 1XRTT 307 kbps 307 kbps

CDMA2000 EV-DO Rev 0 2.4 Mbps > 1 Mbps peak 153 kbps 150 kbps peak

CDMA2000 EV-DO Rev A 3.1 Mbps

> 1.5 Mbps peak

600 kbps to 1.4

Mbps typical

1.8 Mbps

> 1 Mbps peak

300 to 500 kbps

typical

CDMA2000 EV-DO Rev B (3 radio

channels MHz)14.7 Mbps 5.4 Mbps

CDMA2000 EV-DO Rev B

Theoretical (15 radio channels)73.5 Mbps 27 Mbps

WiMAX Release 1.0 (10 MHz TDD,DL/ UL=3, 2x2 MIMO)

46 Mbps1 to 5 Mbps

typical4 Mbps

WiMAX Release 1.5 TBD TBD

IEEE 802.16m > 1 Gbps TBD


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Throughput

Distribution

34

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

100% 95

%90%

85%

80%

75%

70%

65%

60%

55%

50%

45%

40%

35%

30%

25%

20%

15%

10% 5% 0%

Throug

hput[Mbps]


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HSDPAPerformancein7.2MbpsNetwork

35

Good Coverage

Median bitrate

3.8 Mbps

Median bitrate

1.8 Mbps

Bad Coverage

-106 dBm

Mobile

Median bitrate

1.9 Mbps

Performancemeasured in a

commercialnetwork


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070

140

210

280

350

420

490

560

630

700

770

840

910

980

1050

1120

1190

1260

1330

1400

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100Mobile

Median bitrate

1.0 Mbps

HSUPAPerformance

in

aCommercial

Network

36


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Mobile Broadband Explosion, Rysavy Research2011 white paperMobile Broadband Explosion, Rysavy Research2011 white paper

HSPA+Performance,2X5MHz

0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 120000

20

40

60

80

100

cdf,

%

7.2 21 28

Indoor coverageRSCP: -98 dBm

MedianMIMO: 8.2 Mbps

64QAM: 7.2 MbpsHSPA7.2: 6.0 Mbps

Throughput (kbps)


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Dual

Carrier

HSPA+

Throughputs

38


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DriveTestofCommercialEuropeanLTENetwork,2X10Mhz

Mbps


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LTEThroughputs

in

Various

Modes

40


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LTEActualThroughputRatesBasedonConditions

41

Source: LTE/SAE Trial Initiative, Latest Results from the LSTI, Feb 2009,http://www.lstiforum.org.


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LatencyofDifferentTechnologies

100

700

600

500

400

300

200

GPRSRel97

EDGERel99

EDGERel4

WCDMARel99

EvolvedEDGE

Milliseconds

LTEHSPAHSDPA HSPA+


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-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 200

1

2

3

4

5

6

Required SNR (dB)

A

chievableEfficiency(bps/Hz)

Shannon bound

Shannon bound with 3dB margin

EV-DO

IEEE 802.16e-2005

HSDPA

Performance

Relative

to

Theoretical

Limits

43


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ComparisonofDownlinkSpectralEfficiency

44

0.1

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

UMTS/HSPA/HSPA+

SpectralEfficiency(bps/Hz/sector

)

0.8

0.9

UMTS R99

HSDPA EV-DO Rev 0

Rev BCross-Carrier

Scheduling

Rev A,MRxD,

Equalizer

Rel 1.02X2 MIMO

CDMA2000 WiMAX

1.4

1.3

1.21.1

1.0

LTE2X2 MIMO

64 QAM, DC

MIMO

HSDPAMRxD,

Equalizer

1.5

2.1

2.0

1.9

1.8

1.7

1.6

2.2

2.3

2.5

2.4

Future

improvements

4X2 MIMO

Rel 1.52X2 MIMO

Rel 1.5

4X2 MIMO

Futureimprovements

Future

improvements

LTE

Futureimprovements

4X4 MIMO with SIC, or4X2 MIMO with CoMP, or8X2 MIMO with SU/MU-

MIMO switching


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ComparisonofUplinkSpectralEfficiency

45

0.1

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

SpectralEfficienc

y(bps/Hz/sector)

0.8

0.9

UMTS R99to Rel 5

HSUPA Rel 6

1X2ReceiveDiversity

EV-DORev 0

EV-DO Rev B,InterferenceCancellation

EV-DORev A

HSPA+InterferenceCancellation,16 QAM

1x4 Receive Diversity

FutureImprovements

FutureImprovements

1.0

UMTS/HSPA CDMA2000 WiMAXLTE

Rel1.0

FutureImprovements

Rel 1.5 1X2Rx Div

Rel 1.51X4

ReceiveDiversity

1.3

1.2

1.1

1x2 CoMP or2X4 MU-MIMO

FutureImprovements

1x4 MU-MIMO

1x8 Receive Diversity


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ComparisonofVoiceSpectralEfficiency

46

25

175

150

125

100

75

50

Erlangs

,5+5MHz

UMTS

AMR 7.95 kbps

HSPA VoIP,

Interference

Cancellation

AMR 5.9 kbps

1xRTT

EVRC 8 kbps

1xRTT RLIC, Rx Div,

EVRC-B 6 kbps

Rel 1.5

EVRC-B

6kbpsUMTS

AMR 5.9 kbps

250

225

200

LTE AMR 5.9 kbps

UMTS MRxD

AMR 5.9 kbps

Future

Improvements

Future

Improvements

Future

Improvements

Rel 1.0

EVRC

8 kbps

LTE AMR 7.95

kbps

UMTSAMR 12.2 kbps

UMTS/HSPA CDMA2000 WiMAXLTE

Future

Improvements

1xRTT QLIC

EVRC-B 6 kbps

LTE VoIP

AMR 12.2 kbps


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ThroughputRequirements

Microbrowsing(forexample,WirelessApplicationProtocol[WAP]):8to128kbps

Multimediamessaging:

8to

64

kbps

Videotelephony:64to384kbps

GeneralpurposeWebbrowsing:32kbpstomore

than1Mbps

Enterpriseapplicationsincludingemail,databaseaccess,andVPNs:32kbpstomorethan1Mbps

Videoand

audio

streaming:

32

kbps

to

2Mbps

Highdefinitionvideo:4Mbpsorhigher

48


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UMTSFDDBands

49

Source: 3GPP Technical Specification 25.104, V10.1.0

OperatingBand

UL FrequenciesUE transmit, Node B receive

DL frequenciesUE receive, Node B transmit

I 1920 - 1980 MHz 2110 -2170 MHzII 1850 -1910 MHz 1930 -1990 MHz

III 1710-1785 MHz 1805-1880 MHzIV 1710-1755 MHz 2110-2155 MHzV 824 - 849MHz 869-894MHzVI 830-840 MHz 875-885 MHzVII 2500 - 2570 MHz 2620 - 2690 MHzVIII 880 - 915 MHz 925 - 960 MHzIX 1749.9 - 1784.9 MHz 1844.9 - 1879.9 MHzX 1710-1770 MHz 2110-2170 MHz

XI 1427.9 - 1447.9 MHz 1475.9 - 1495.9 MHzXII 698 - 716 MHz 728 - 746 MHzXIII 777 - 787 MHz 746 - 756 MHzXIV 788 - 798 MHz 758 - 768 MHzXV Reserved ReservedXVI Reserved ReservedXVII Reserved Reserved

XVIII Reserved ReservedXIX 830 845 MHz 875 -890 MHzXX 832 - 862 MHz 791 - 821 MHzXXI 1447.9 - 1462.9 MHz 1495.9 - 1510.9 MHz


50/87



LTEFDDandTDDBands

50Source: 3GPP Technical Specification 36.104, V10.2.0.

E-UTRAOperating

Band

Uplink (UL) operating bandBS receiveUE transmit

Downlink (DL) operating bandBS transmitUE receive

DuplexMode

FUL_low FUL_high FDL_low FDL_high

1 1920 MHz 1980 MHz 2110 MHz 2170 MHz FDD




5 824 MHz 849 MHz 869 MHz 894MHz FDD




9 1749.9 MHz 1784.9 MHz 1844.9 MHz 1879.9 MHz FDD






15 Reserved Reserved FDD16 Reserved Reserved FDD




20 832 MHz 862 MHz 791 MHz 821 MHz


24 1626.5 MHz 1660.5 MHz 1525 MHz 1559 MHz FDD

...

33 1900 MHz 1920 MHz 1900 MHz 1920 MHz TDD











Note 1: Band 6 is not applicable.


51/87

Mobile Broadband Explosion, Rysavy Research

2011 white paper


2011 white paper

GPRS/EDGEArchitecture

51

Public SwitchedTelephone Network

External Data

Network (e.g., Internet)

BaseStation

Controller

Base

TransceiverStation

BaseTransceiver

Station

MobileSwitching

CenterHome

Location

Register

ServingGPRS

SupportNode

GatewayGPRS

SupportNode

IPTraffic

Circuit-SwitchedTraffic

MobileStation

MobileStation

MobileStation

GPRS/EDGE DataInfrastructure


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2011 white paper


2011 white paper

BCCH TCH TCH TCH TCH PDTCH PDTCH PDTCH

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

577 Sper timeslot

4.615 ms per frame of 8 timeslots

Possible BCCHcarrier configuration

PBCCH TCH TCH PDTCH PDTCH PDTCH PDTCH PDTCH

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Possible TCH carrierconfiguration

BCCH: Broadcast Control Channel carries synchronization, paging and other signalling informationTCH: Traffic Channel carries voice traffic data; may alternate between frames for half-ratePDTCH: Packet Data Traffic Channel Carries packet data traffic for GPRS and EDGEPBCCH: Packet Broadcast Control Channel additional signalling for GPRS/EDGE; used only if needed

Exampleof

GSM/GPRS/EDGE

TimeslotStructure

52


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2011 white paper


2011 white paper

EvolvedEDGEObjectives A100percentincreaseinpeakdatarates.

A50percentincreaseinspectralefficiencyandcapacityinC/Ilimitedscenarios.

Asensitivityincreaseinthedownlinkof3dBforvoiceanddata.

Areductionoflatencyforinitialaccessandroundtriptime,therebyenablingsupportforconversationalservicessuchasVoIPandPoC.

Toachievecompatibilitywithexistingfrequencyplanning,thusfacilitatingdeploymentinexistingnetworks.

Tocoexistwithlegacymobilestationsbyallowingbotholdandnewstationsto

sharethe

same

radio

resources.

Toavoidimpactsoninfrastructurebyenablingimprovementsthroughasoftwareupgrade.

TobeapplicabletoDTM(simultaneousvoiceanddata)andtheA/Gbmodeinterface.TheA/Gbmodeinterfaceispartofthe2Gcorenetwork,sothisgoalis

requiredfor

full

backward

compatibility

with

legacy

GPRS/EDGE.

53


54/87


2011 white paper


2011 white paper

EvolvedEDGE

Two

Carrier

Operation

54

Rx1

Tx (1)

Neighbor Cell Measurements

Uplink Timeslot

Downlink Timeslot

Slot NSlot N + 1

(Idle Frame) Slot N + 2 Slot N + 3

Rx2

l h l


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2011 white paper


2011 white paper

EvolvedEDGETheoreticalRates

Type2mobiledevice(onethatcansupportsimultaneoustransmissionandreception)usingDBS12astheMCSandadual

carrier

receiver

can

achieve

the

following

performance:Highestdataratepertimeslot(layer2)=118.4kbps

Timeslotspercarrier=8

Carriers

used

in

the

downlink

=

2Totaldownlinkdatarate=118.4kbpsX8X2=1894.4kbps

Thistranslatestoapeaknetworkratecloseto2Mbpsandauserachievabledatarateofwellover1Mbps!

55

l d l i


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2011 white paper

EvolvedEDGEImplementation

56

UMTS M l i R di N k


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2011 white paper


2011 white paper

UMTSMultiRadioNetwork

57

Common core network can support multiple radio access networks

UMTSCore Network(MSC, HLR,

SGSN, GGSN)

GSM/EDGE

WCDMA,HSDPA

Othere.g., WLAN

Radio-AccessNetworks

External Networks

Packet-Switched

Networks

Circuit-SwitchedNetworks

Other CellularOperators

Hi h S d D li k P k t A


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2011 white paper


2011 white paper

HighSpeedDownlinkPacketAccess

HighspeeddataenhancementforWCDMA/UMTS

Peaktheoreticalspeedsof14Mbps

Currentdevices

support

7.2

Mbps

throughput

MethodsusedbyHSDPA

Highspeedchannelssharedbothinthecodeandtimedomains

Shorttransmissiontimeinterval(TTI)

Fastschedulinganduserdiversity

Higherordermodulation

Fastlinkadaptation

Fasthybridautomaticrepeatrequest(HARQ)

58

HSDPA Channel Assignment Example


59/87


2011 white paper


2011 white paper

HSDPAChannelAssignment Example

59

2 msec

Time

ChannelizationCodes

User 4User 3User 2User 1

Radio resources assigned both in code and time domains

HSDPA M lti U Di it


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2011 white paper


2011 white paper

HSDPAMultiUserDiversity

60

High data rate

Low data rate

Time

User 2

User 1

User 2

User 1User 2User 1User 2User 1

SignalQuality

Efficient scheduler favors transmissions to users with best radio conditions

High Speed Uplink Packet Access


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2011 white paper

HighSpeedUplinkPacketAccess

85%increaseinoverallcellthroughputontheuplink

Achievableratesof1Mbpsontheuplink

Reducedpacket

delays

to

as

low

as

30

msec

Methods:

Anenhanceddedicatedphysicalchannel

A

short

TTI,

as

low

as

2

msec,

which

allows

faster

responsestochangingradioconditionsanderror

conditions

FastNodeBbasedscheduling,whichallowsthebase

stationto

efficiently

allocate

radio

resources

FastHybridARQ,whichimprovestheefficiencyoferrorprocessing

61

HSPA+ Objectives


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2011 white paper

HSPA+Objectives

ExploitthefullpotentialofaCDMAapproachbeforemovingtoanOFDMplatformin3GPPLTE.

AchieveperformanceclosetoLTEin5MHzofspectrum.

ProvidesmoothinterworkingbetweenHSPA+andLTE,therebyfacilitatingtheoperationofbothtechnologies.Assuch,operatorsmaychooseto

leveragetheEPC/SAEplannedforLTE.

Allow

operation

in

a

packet

only

mode

for

both

voice

and

data. Bebackwardcompatiblewithprevioussystemswhileincurringno

performancedegradationwitheitherearlierornewerdevices.

FacilitatemigrationfromcurrentHSPAinfrastructuretoHSPA+

infrastructure.

62

HSPA Throughput Evolution


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2011 white paper

HSPAThroughputEvolution

63

TechnologyDownlink (Mbps)Peak Data Rate

Uplink (Mbps)Peak Data Rate

HSPA as defined in Release 6 14.4 5.76

Release 7 HSPA+ DL 64 QAM,UL 16 QAM, 5/ 5 MHz 21.1 11.5

Release 7 HSPA+ 2X2 MIMO,DL 16 QAM, UL 16 QAM, 5/ 5 MHz

28.0 11.5

Release 8 HSPA+ 2X2 MIMODL 64 QAM, UL 16 QAM, 5/ 5 MHz

42.2 11.5

Release 8 HSPA+ (no MIMO)Dual Carrier, 10/ 5 MHz

42.2 11.5

Release 9 HSPA+ 2X2 MI MO, DualCarrier, 10/ 10 MHz

84.0 23.0

Release 10 HSPA + 2X2 MIMO, QuadCarrier, 20/ 10 MHz 168.0 23.0

Release 11 HSPA + 2X2 MIMO DL andUL, 8 Carrier, 40/ 10 MHz

336.0 46.0


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2011 white paper

Dual

Cell

Operation

with

OneUplinkCarrier

64

2x5MHz1x5MHz

2x5MHz1x5MHz

UE1

UE2

Uplink Downlink

Dual Carrier Performance


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2011 white paper

DualCarrierPerformance

65

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 400

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

CD

F[%]

Achievable bitrate [Mbps]

RAKE, single-carrier

RAKE, multi-carrier

GRAKE, single-carrier

GRAKE, multi-carrier

GRAKE2, single-carrier

GRAKE2, multi-carrier

Ped A, 10% load

HSPA/HSPA+ One Tunnel Architecture


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2011 white paper

HSPA/HSPA+OneTunnelArchitecture

66

User Plane

Control Plane

Node B

RNC

SGSN

GGSN

Traditional HSPA

Architecture

Node B

SGSN

GGSN

Possible HSPA+ with

One-Tunnel Architecture

Node B

SGSN

GGSN

HSPA with One-Tunnel

Architecture

RNC

Summary of HSPA Functions and Benefits


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2011 white paper


2011 white paper

Uplink DTX + downlinkDRX

L2 optimization(Flexible RLC)

High speed FACH + Highspeed RACH

Downlink 64QAM, MIMOand Dual carrier

CS voice over HSPA

Uplink 16QAM

Lower UE power consumption

Higher voice capacity

Higher L2 throughput and lessprocessing requirements

Lower latency = betterresponse times

More efficient commonchannels = savings in channel

elements

Higher downlink peak datarates and higher data capacity

Higher uplink peak data rates

Flat architectureoptimization Less network elements

SummaryofHSPAFunctionsandBenefits

67

CS Voice Over HSPA


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2011 white paper

CSVoiceOverHSPA

68

Smooth Migration to VoIP over HSPA


69/87


2011 white paper


2011 white paper

SmoothMigrationtoVoIPoverHSPA

69

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

VoIP

CSCS + VoIP

Power reserved for PS traffic (W)

RelativeCapacity

PS Evolution

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

VoIP

CSCS + VoIP


RelativeCapacity

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

VoIP

CSCS + VoIP


RelativeCapacity

PS Evolution

LTE Capabilities


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2011 white paperMigration to 4G, Rysavy Research2010 white paper

LTECapabilities

Downlinkpeakdataratesupto326Mbpswith20MHzbandwidth

Uplinkpeakdataratesupto86.4Mbpswith20MHzbandwidth

OperationinbothTDDandFDDmodes.

Scalablebandwidth

up

to

20

MHz,

covering

1.4,

2.5,

5,

10,

15,

and

20

MHz

IncreasedspectralefficiencyoverRelease6HSPAbyafactoroftwotofour

Reducedlatency,to10msecroundtriptimebetweenuserequipmentandthebasestation,andtolessthan100msectransitiontimefrominactivetoactive

LTE Configuration Downlink (Mbps)Peak Data Rate

Uplink (Mbps)Peak Data Rate

Using 2X2 MIMO in the Downlink and 16QAM in the Uplink, 10/10 MHz

70.0 22.0

Using 4X4 MIMO in the Downlink and 64QAM in the Uplink, 20/20 MHz

300.0 71.0

HSPA to LTE Advanced, Rysavy ResearchSept 2009 white paper

70

LTEOFDMADownlinkResource


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2011 white paper

Assignmentin

Time

and

Frequency

71

Time

Freq

uency

User 1

User 2

User 3

User 4

Minimum resource block consists of14 symbols and 12 subcarriers

Frequency Domain Scheduling in LTE


72/87


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2011 white paper

FrequencyDomainSchedulinginLTE

72

Frequency

Resourceblock

Transmiton

those

resource

blocks

thatarenotfaded

Carrierbandwidth

LTE Antenna Schemes


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2011 white paper

LTEAntennaSchemes

73

Source: 3G Americas white paper MIMO and Smart Antennas for 3G and 4G WirelessSystems Practical Aspects and Deployment Considerations, May 2010.

Evolution ofVoiceinLTENetworks


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2011 white paper 74

TDDFrameCoExistenceBetween


75/87


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2011 white paper75

TDSCDMA

and

LTE

TDD

InterTechnologyCarrierAggregation


76/87


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2011 white paper

gy gg g

76

LTEAdvancedCarrierAggregation


77/87


2011 white paper


2011 white paper77

Rel8

100 MHz bandwidth

Rel8 Rel8 Rel8 Rel8

Release 10 LTE-Advanced UE resource pool

Release 8 UE uses asingle 20 MHz block

20 MHz

Source: "LTE for UMTS, OFDMA and SC-FDMA Based Radio Access,Harri Holma and Antti Toskala, Wiley, 2009.

LTEAdvancedCarrierAggregation


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2011 white paper

atProtocol

Layers

78

Source: The Evolution of LTE towards IMT-Advanced,Stefan Parkvall and David Astely, Ericsson Research

IMTAdvancedandLTEAdvanced


79/87



ItemIMT-AdvancedRequirement

LTE-AdvancedProjected Capability

Peak Data Rate Downlink 1 Gbps

Peak Data Rate Uplink 500 Mbps

Spectrum Allocation Up to 40 MHz Up to 100 MHz

Latency User Plane 10 msec 10 msec

Latency Control Plane 100 msec 50 msec

Peak Spectral Efficiency DL 15 bps/Hz 30 bps/Hz

Peak Spectral Efficiency UL 6.75 bps/Hz 15 bps/Hz

Average Spectral Efficiency DL 2.2 bps/Hz 2.6 bps/Hz

Average Spectral Efficiency UL 1.4 bps/Hz 2.0 bps/Hz

Cell-Edge Spectral Efficiency DL 0.06 bps/Hz 0.09 bps/Hz

Cell-Edge Spectral Efficiency UL 0.03 bps/Hz 0.07 bps/Hz

LTEAdvancedRelay


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Relay LinkAccessLink

Direct Link

IPMultimediaSubsystem


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Call Session Control Function (CSCF)(SIP Proxy)

Home SubscriberServer (HSS)

SIP ApplicationServer

SIP

DIAMETER

IMS

UMTS/HSPA

Packet CoreNetwork

Media ResourceFunction Control

Media Resource

Gateway Control

Wi-FiDSL

Multiple Possible Access Networks

EnhancedIntercellInterferenceCancellation


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LoadBalancingwith


83/87



HeterogeneousNetworks

83

EfficientBroadcastingwithOFDM


84/87



LTE will leverage OFDM-based broadcasting capabilities

EvolvedPacketSystemGERAN


85/87



MME

UTRAN

Rel7 Legacy GSM/UMTSSGSN

Evolved RAN,e.g., LTE

ServingGateway

PDNGateway

Non 3GPPIP Access

PCRF

IPServices,

IMS

EPC/SAE Access Gateway

Control

User Plane

One-Tunnel

Option

EvolvedPacketSystemElements


86/87



Flatterarchitecturetoreducelatency

SupportforlegacyGERANandUTRANnetworksconnectedviaSGSN.

Supportfor

new

radio

access

networks

such

as

LTE.

TheServingGatewaythatterminatestheinterfacetowardthe3GPPradioaccessnetworks.

ThePDN

gateway

that

controls

IP

data

services,

does

routing,

allocatesIPaddresses,enforcespolicy,andprovidesaccessfornon3GPPaccessnetworks.

TheMMEthatsupportsuserequipmentcontextandidentity

aswell

as

authenticates

and

authorizes

users.

ThePolicyControlandChargingRulesFunction(PCRF)thatmanagesQoSaspects.

86

b l b db d h b h l d d d d l f

Conclusion


87/87



Mobilebroadband

has

become

the

leading

edge

in

innovation

and

development

for

computing,networking,andapplicationdevelopment.

Thegrowingsuccessofmobilebroadband,however,mandatesaugmentationofcapacitytowhichtheindustryhasrespondedbyusingmoreefficienttechnologies,deployingmore

cellsites,planningforsophisticatedheterogeneousnetworks,andoffloadingontoeither

WiFi

or

femtocells.

Throughconstantinnovation,the3GPPfamilyoftechnologieshasprovenitselfasthepredominantwirelessnetworksolutionandoffersoperatorsandsubscribersatrue

mobilebroadbandadvantage.

UMTS/HSPAprovidesforbroadbandservicesthatwilldeliverincreaseddatarevenueandprovide

apath

to

all

IP

architectures.

LTEistheOFDMAtechnologychoiceforhigherspeedsandcapabilities.

UMTS/HSPAand/orLTEofferanexcellentmigrationpathforGSMoperators,aswellasaneffectivetechnologysolutionforgreenfieldoperators.

EDGE/HSPA/LTEisoneofthemostrobustportfoliosofmobilebroadbandtechnologies

andisanoptimumframeworkforrealizingthepotentialofthewirelessdatamarket.

87

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