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IntroductionObjectivesMethodology
dIndustry OverviewTechnology Level of Mobile IndustryTechnology ProblemsRecommendationsConclusions
First operator; Celltel (Millicom – SA) entered in 1989From 2004 to 2010 industry had an annual growth of around 35‐40%About 14 millions subscribersCurrently 5 players are operating
Airtel – Bharathi Airtel (India)
Dialog – Axiata (Malaysia)
Etisalat – Etisalat (Dubai)
Hutch – Hutchison (Hong Kong)
Mobitel – SLT (Sri Lanka)
Assess Technology Level of Sri Lankan Mobile Communication Industry Identifying main technology issues in the
dindustryProposing technological solution for those issues
Secondary DataTRCSLCentral Bank ReportsGSA
Interviews with Engineers and Managers of all operatorsMobile Equipment vendors were contacted regarding available and future technologies
Cellular subscriber growth
14000
16000
Cellular Phones (’000)
70
80
Cellular Mobiles per 100 Persons
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Source: Central Bank of Sri Lanka
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Regional Comparison
1200
1400
Cellular Mobiles per 1000 Persons
0
200
400
600
800
1000
Source: Central Bank of Sri Lanka (Data – 2007 )
Contribution to GNP
60000
70000
GNP ‐ Post & Telecommunication
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
GN
P in
Mill
ions
Passing a gloomy period Global economic recession was affectedNew entrants – 5th OperatorSharp reduction of the reference price by Sharp reduction of the reference price by approximately 50%Adjustments of business models and structures, downsizing, recruitment freezing
Operation outsourcingVendor Financing
Reported operating losses
World Telecommunication TechnologiesTechnology Generation
Subscribers Percentage(%)
(millions)
Analog 1G 0.3 0.01TDMA 2G 2.19 0.06
Source: www.telecomindiaonline.com
PDC 2G 6 0.18
CDMAONE 2G 6.95 0.18
iDEN 2G 28 0.74
CDMA2000 1x 2.5G 455 7.7
GSM 2G/2.5G 3700 80.42
WCDMA 3G 240 6.32
CDMA2000 1x EV‐DO 3G 112 2.8
CDMA2000 1x EV‐DO‐RevA 3.5G 3.2 0.08
WCDMA/HSPA 3.5G 57 1.52
Technology Comparison of Sri Lankan Mobile Operators – Bench Marking
Sri Lankan
O tTechnologies used World Status
Operator
AirtelGSM/GPRS/EDGE
WCDMA/HSPA *GSM/GPRS/EDGE are 2G/2.5G popular
technologies in world
*WCDMA/HSPA are growing 3G/3.5G
technologies
*HSPA+ is commercially available now
*LTE is emerging as a 4G technology in the world
DialogGSM/GPRS/EDGE
WCDMA/HSPA/HSPA+
Etisalat GSM/GPRS/EDGE
Hutch GSM/GPRS/EDGE
MobitelGSM/GPRS/EDGE
WCDMA/HSPA/HSPA+
Sri Lanka is the first country introduced following technologies in South Asia
GSMGEDGE
WCDMAHSPAHSPA+
Sri Lankan Mobile Companies have latest technology
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Capacity LimitationsNot having developed fiber infra‐structure 99% MW are used for 99% MW are used for backhauling (Limited capacity)
Limited spectrum for Microwave linksmore than 10000 Microwave LinksHigh maintenance costTRCSL h t ll d P i t t M lti P i t TRCSL has not allowed Point to Multi‐Point backhauling technologies
Fiber to sitesExtending fiber network to base stations
Transport Technologies usedDedicated TDM based transmission is used mostly for backhauling data trafficPacket based transmission is necessary for Packet based transmission is necessary for efficiency
IP RANPower availability Issues
Mobile base stations are located in hill areasNational grid is not available High cost (Diesel generators)High cost (Diesel generators)No developed green energy system(Solar and wind )
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Green Technologies
Global Telecom Emissions 2002 – 2020 Source: The Climate Group and Global e‐Sustainability Initiative
Solar Power SolutionSolar‐wind Hybrid Power SolutionSolar‐diesel generator Hybrid Power Solution
Still not popularHigh initial costLarge area required for solar
lpanelsLimited capacity
Limited Spectrum for Mobile base stations
5 operators in GSM4 operators in UMTSSmall frequency range for one operatorDifficult frequency planning
TRC need to manage licenses
Tower LoadingMicrowave AntennasPanel AntennasLarge wind area
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Laser Links 1.5 Mbps to 10 Gigabit speedsInterferenceInterference can best be described as the effect of unwanted signals or noise on the reception of a wanted signal. reception of a wanted signal.
Main issue is Many operators in same technologyTRC regulationNeed to limit number of operators for one system ..etc
Implementation of National fiber backbone & Develop fiber infra‐structure in the country(fiber to sites)
fUse of green power sourcesMore Infrastructure Sharing
Sri Lanka is using state of art technology in the mobile industryInfrastructure and power are major cost componentsTRC need to pay more attention on managing the resources and issuing the licenses
Thank you