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Mobile IPMobile IP
2N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip
Evolution of Data Services
Mobile IPMobile IP
GSMGSM GPRSGPRS
CDMACDMA
Other CellularOther Cellular
Circuit SwitchedData Today
Packet Datafor GSM
Packet Switching For Data Built-in
Some AMPS and Non-AMPSCellular Systems Have Packet
Ability Today
Cellular Systems Are Moving Toward Support for Packet DataCellular Systems Are Moving Toward Support for Packet DataThis Is the Foundation for Mobile IPThis Is the Foundation for Mobile IP
3N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip
CIP and MIPCIP and MIP
• Cellular IP
Draft for providing network access to mobile users within a small area (BS handover between a few cells)
• Mobile IP
Macro mobility between CIP LANs and other NWs
4N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip
MIP RequirementsMIP Requirements
• Mobile host must be able to change his LL attachement point without changing IP address and data loss
• Mobile host must be able to communicate with any other host in external networks
• No enhancements and changes to IP protocol
• Mobility messages transmitted over the NW must be encrypted
5N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip
MIP FunctionalityMIP Functionality
• Two new nodes are introduced
HA – home agent
FA – foreign agent
• MS currently not located in its home NW is serviced by FA
• FA takes care of all mobile users visiting the foreign NW
• FA notifies HA that MS is now reachable under FA’s c/o (care of) address
• All date sent to MS will be routed to home NW where HA
takes care of data packets
Does IP encapsulation
Routes them to c/o address
• Data from MS are directly forwarded to his home NW
6N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip
Mobile IP Is the Solution for Wireless Connectivity
Mobile IP Is the Solution for Wireless Connectivity
• Transparent interoperability with all other hosts
• Mobile always reachable at the same IP address
• Only the home agent needs to know the mobile’s location
• All other routers do normal forwarding
7N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip
Mobile IPMobile IP
• The IETF proposed standard solution for mobility at Layer 3
• RFCs 2002–2006 define the functionality
• Protocol works over any intermediate media
• Movement is transparent to hosts who communicate with the mobile user
• No IP address changes are needed to allow mobility
8N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip
Overview: Mobile IP Functionality
•Mobile IP forms a layer 3 tunnel
From Home Agent (HA)
To the Mobile Node (MN)
•HA can continue to use its home address to receive IP Datagrams
MN
InternetISPISP
HA
9N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip
Mobile IP
FA
FA
MN 10.31.1.1
10.31.2.1 HA
MN
Mobility Binding Table:MN CoA1.1.1.3 10.31.1.11.1.1.7 10.31.1.1 1.1.1.8 10.31.2.11.1.1.5 10.31.3.1
10.31.2.1
The Movement Is Transparent to all Other Devices
Old Data Path
New Data Path
When the new Registration is received,When the new Registration is received,a new COA is installed in the HAa new COA is installed in the HA
No Change IsNo Change IsPropagated toPropagated toCorrespondentsCorrespondents
FA MN
10.31.3.1
RFC 2002RFC 2002
10N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip
MIP RoutingMIP Routing
• No optimized routing (roundabout route over HA)
• Inefficient tunnel from HA to FA (IP encapsulated in IP)
Can be optimized with minimal encapsulation (RFCs 2003 and 2004)
• Can be implemented on top of existing GPRS mobility management
Use GGSN as FA
Router at home NW serves as HA
11N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip
MSC
MSC
EIRAUCHLRVLR
BSC
BSC
A Look Ahead for Cellular & PCSBackbone Transition From Circuit to PacketA Look Ahead for Cellular & PCS
Backbone Transition From Circuit to Packet
•Packet network supports all backbone & backhaul
•BSC becomes a service element in the network
•MSC services begin to distribute to service elements
BTS
BTSBackbone
Completed packet
network backbone
12N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip
1999 2000 2001 2002
Peer-to-PeerPacketBackbone
DataServices
- GPRS
- CDMA data
- Mobile IP
- Packet BTS
- Packet gateways
- PSTN and toll bypass
- Feature servers
- common IP infrastructure for 2G & 3G
- high speed data / multimedia services
- no MSC
- innovative services everywhere
Expected Market EvolutionExpected Market Evolution
13N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip
MSCBSC
PacketBTS
BTS
PSTN
PacketsBTS Backhaul
• Low cost IP packet backhaul
Reduced recurring costs
Better bandwidth efficiency
Positioned for 3G
Network Migration 1
BTS Packet BackhaulBTS Packet Backhaul
IP
GPRS
14N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip
MSCBSC
2G Voice / data
PacketBTS P acket
NetworkInternet
• Minimize MSC dependence
VoIP
Offload traffic
PSTN/Toll Bypass services
Data Services
Network Migration 2
PSTN
IP
Circuit/Packet GatewaysCircuit/Packet Gateways
Circuit/PacketGateways
15N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip
MSCBSC
Circuit Gateways
2G Voice / dataService Gateways
PacketBTS
PacketNetwork
PSTN
Internet
• Enhanced Services
Feature servers
APIs for 3rd parties
Rapid service delivery
Network Migration 3
Service GatewaysService Gateways
Circuit/PacketGateways
16N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip
Internet
PSTN
IntegratedBTS
IntegratedBTS
IP Network
CircuitGateways
ServiceGatewaysFeature
Servers
CallControl
3rd ParyApps.
Peer-to-PeerPeer-to-Peer
17N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip
MSC
EIR
AUC
HLR
VLR
BTS
Backhaul
Today’s Wireless Voice Network
Complete packet network for backhaul and backbone
BSC
BSC
MSC
MSC
EIR
AUC
HLR
VLR
“New World” Wireless Infrastructure
BTS
Backbone
PSTN
InternetServiceElement
ServiceElement
ServiceElement
ATM/IP
ATM/IP
New World VisionATM-IP Enabled Infrastructure
New World VisionATM-IP Enabled Infrastructure
Questions ???Questions ???