www.sti-innsbruck.at © Copyright 2008 STI INNSBRUCK www.sti-innsbruck.at
Mobile Services – Towards SemanticsWeb Service Technologies Lecture
at University of InnsbruckDr Anna V. Zhdanova
ftw. Telecommunications Research Center [email protected]
www.sti-innsbruck.at
Outline
• Introduction• Enabling Mobile Technologies: Network layer, IMS, RFID,
Service Platforms• Why: Support of Convergent Heterogeneous
Environments and End-User Empowerment• How: Enabling User-Driven Semantics
– Mobile Ontology and Knowledge Layer in Service Platforms
– User-Generated Policies– User-Generated Mobile Microservices
• What: Motivating Scenarios• Conclusions
222/04/23
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Mobile Service - Definition• “A radiocommunication service between mobile and land
stations, or between mobile stations.” – traditional, short
• “Radiocommunications services between ships, aircraft, road vehicles, or hand-held terminal stations for use while in motion or between such stations and fixed points on land.” – official, by WTO
• “Any service that can be operated on a mobile device, such as both voice and data services, for example, roaming, SMS and MMS, video streaming, location-based services, etc.” – technically oriented
3
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Mobile Services vs. Web Services• Many Web Services and APIs were originally developed
with server to server or server to browser in mind, not mobile applications
• Mobile platforms have their own set of challenges given:– Bandwidth– Memory and CPU Availability– Storage Capacity– Connectivity Options and Issues– Security– User Interaction and Display
Web Service
www.sti-innsbruck.at22/04/23 NGMAST 2008 Page 5
Making Mobile Services Widespread
• If mobile services are to repeat the success of the Web they have to be:
• simple to use,• simple to find,• simple to trust,• simple to create/set up.
• These are the design goals of numerous projects, such as “SMS: Simple Mobile Services”, OPUCE, m:Ciudad.
Mobile services have not (yet) reached the success of Web
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Outline
• Introduction• Enabling Mobile Technologies: Network layer, IMS, RFID,
Service Platforms• Why: Support of Convergent Heterogeneous
Environments and End-User Empowerment• How: Enabling User-Driven Semantics
– Mobile Ontology and Knowledge Layer in Service Platforms
– User-Generated Policies– User-Generated Mobile Microservices
• What: Motivating Scenarios• Conclusions
622/04/23
www.sti-innsbruck.at
Outline
• Introduction• Enabling Mobile Technologies: Network layer, IMS, RFID,
Service Platforms• Why: Support of Convergent Heterogeneous
Environments and End-User Empowerment• How: Enabling User-Driven Semantics
– Mobile Ontology and Knowledge Layer in Service Platforms
– User-Generated Policies– User-Generated Mobile Microservices
• What: Motivating Scenarios• Conclusions
722/04/23
www.sti-innsbruck.at
Challenge: Addressing ubiquity and capacity bottlenecks through co-operative networks
10001 10 1000,1
Out
door
Stationary
Walk
Vehicle
Indo
or
Stationary/Desktop
Walk
Mobility
WLAN(HiperLAN/2)
LAN
3Gcellular
Bluetooth
2G cellular
Wide Area Network (WAN)- Large coverage- High cost Personal Area Network (PAN)
- Cable replacement- Ad-hoc connectivity- Low cost
Local Area Network (LAN)- Hot Spots/SOHO - High speed- Moderate cost
Broadband Fixed Wireless Access
User Bitrates (Mbps) Source: EC
Networks - Overview
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IP based core network
IMT-2000UMTS
WLANcellular
GSM
short rangeconnectivity
WirelinexDSL
otherentities
DABDVB
Return channel:
Download channel
Services and Applications
New air interface
Bluetooth, IR, UWB
Eg Hyperlan
Source: EC
There is a need for interoperation and convergence.
Heterogeneity in Networks
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WPAN radio
Today’s Wireless Systems The Future
Low-tier services
IP
802.11 Radio
Ethernet
Mobile ServiceMiddleware
IP
WLAN Services
3G/4GRadio
WLANradio
WPAN/low-tier radio
2.5G/3G Radio
GSM/GPRS
2.5G/3G Services
3G AccessNetwork
PSTN IP
WPAN networklayer (e.g. Bluetooth)
Generic Radio Access Network
Radio-specific vertically integrated systems withcomplex intetworking gateways
Security QoS VPN ContentDelivery
B3G Services
Radio Independent modular system architecturefor heterogeneous networks
uniformradio API’s
genericnetwork API
uniform serviceAPI (Internet+)
Unified IP-based mobile network
incl supportfor multihop,mcast, etc,
servicefeaturemodules
Source: EC
Challenge: Convergence of multitude of protocols
Protocol Issues
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PSTN
Circuit switched Analog Digital SS7 ISDN
Circuit switched
Analog
Digital
2G (GSM & CDMAANSI-41)
3G WirelessWireless
3G wireless + IP ++– Standard Services
Platform
– Converged Applications & Content
– Access Independence
IPIMS
Internet– VoIP
– Instant Messaging
– Web Applications
W-CDMA
GPRS/UMTS
Source: Telcordia Technologies
Evolution to IMS – How did we get there? IMS is a state of the art industrial solution for supporting modern mobile services.
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IMS Concept What is IMS?
• IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is a Service Delivery Architecture
• Standardized architecture to provide Internet Protocol (IP)-based mobile and fixed multimedia services
• IMS architecture has evolved over the past few years• Today, IMS could allow operators who own different
types of networks with varying architectures to offer the same services to all of their customers
Source: Telcordia Technologies
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Control
Bearer
Called PartyVisited Network
Calling PartyHome Network
Calling Party Visited Network
UE1
P-CSCF
HSS
S-CSCFSIP
SIP
Diameter
UE2
P-CSCF
AS
HSS
S-CSCF SIP IM-SSF
SIP
I-CSCF
Diameter
ENUM
BackbonePacket
NetworkRANBackbone
PacketNetwork RAN
Initiate SIP Invite1
1
Retrieve Subscriber Profile (if needed) 2
2
3
3 Apply Service Logic
Retrieve Address of CLD Party Home Network4
4
Identify Registrar of CLD Party and Forward INVITE5
6
Retrieve Subscriber Profile6
7 Apply Service Logic to access IM-SSF AS
Forward INVITE to CLD Party9
9
SDP Negotiation / Resource Reservation Control10
12
RTP Stream
Ringing / Alerting11
10
Answer / Connect12
11
RTP Stream
13
13 Session Active
7
8 IM-SSF queries a GSM-SCF if inter-working with PLMN needed
Called PartyHome Network
8SCF
5
LIDB/CNAM
Source: Telcordia TechnologiesIMS is protocol oriented and focused mainly on voice services.
IMS Example: CNAM Call Flow
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Enabling Infrastructures - Industry OverviewTrends
App D
evA
pp Dev
Industry is converging in parallel with technologyIndustry is converging in parallel with technology
Business Process Consulting Business Process Consulting and Application Developmentand Application DevelopmentIT Services and ApplicationsIT Services and Applications
IT InfrastructureIT Infrastructure
Communications ApplicationsCommunications ApplicationsCommunication Services Integration Communication Services Integration
and Managementand ManagementSecure Application OptimizationSecure Application Optimization
NetworkingNetworkingLegacy Core ServicesLegacy Core Services
SI’sSI’s
CLEC
sC
LECs
Carriers
Carriers
OEM
sO
EMs
Source: Verizon, 2007
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Telecommunications Landscape Industry Evolution
LD V
oice
LD V
oice
Cen
trex
Cen
trex
Loca
l Voi
ceLo
cal V
oice
800
800
CDMACDMA
WiFiWiFi
IPIP TDTDMM
MPLSMPLSIMSIMS
SecuritySecurity
VoicemailVoicemail
StorageStorage
PresencePresence
MessagingMessaging
VoIPVoIPHostingHosting Call CenterCall Center
NetworkNetwork
ServicesServices
Fram
eFr
ame
ATMATM
TDM
TDM
DeviceDeviceDesk phone/Desk phone/
TerminalTerminal
LimitedLimitedRegulatedRegulatedDisparateDisparate
NumerousNumerousNon-regulatedNon-regulatedConvergedConverged
MobileMobileSIP PhoneSIP Phone
PDAPDAPCPC Limited Limited
Single functionSingle functionNumerous Numerous Multi-functionMulti-function
WirelessWireless WiredWired
StovepipedStovepipedVerticalVertical
Low ValueLow Value
ModularModularHorizontalHorizontalHigh-valueHigh-value
Source: Verizon, 2007„Layering“ in telecommunications industries
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RFID Technology – Introduction• Radio Frequency Identification - means to
efficiently and quickly auto-identify objects, people, etc.
• Real-time tracking of inventory in the supply chain
• RFID tag – tiny computer chip with very small antenna – passive/active
• The chip contain Electronic product code (EPC) – uniquely identify the object
• The antenna transmits EPC to RFID reader – within a certain RF range, without requiring line-of-site
16
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RFID Technology - Properties• Advantages:
– rough conditions,– long read ranges,– portable databases,– multiple tag read/write,– tracking items in real-time
• Results:– quick scanning of products in large bulks,– automated supply chain management– significant savings– accuracy of shipment sent and received,– check on product theft, counterfeiting, product recall, ...
17
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Mobile RFID technology• Vision of automatic identification and ubiquitous
computing – „Internet of things“– highly connected network– dispersed devices, objects, items can communicate
each other– real-time information about objects, location,
contents, destination, ambient conditions– efficient and easy M2M identification, communication
and decision-making• Handheld portable devices – mobile phones, PDAs –
behaves as RFID readers and tags– conventional RFID closer to common user
18
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Smartphone Operating Systems Landscape
iPhone OS (Apple) BlackBerry OS (RIM)Window Mobile
(Microsoft) Android (Google) Symbian (Nokia)
Platform • Closed • Closed • Open • Open • Open
Source Code • Closed • Closed • Closed • Open • Open (in future)
Q2 WW Market Share (Gartner)
• 2.8% (1) • 17.4% • 12.0% • n/a • 57.1%
Smartphone traffic share (AdMob)
• WW: 4%• US: 16%
• WW: 11%• US: 31%
• WW: 13%• US: 29%
• n/a • WW: 64%• US: 2%
Pros • Early momentum• Data hungry early
adopters• Powerful
distribution channel
• Strong reach (particularly in US)
• Manufacturer / carrier agnostic
• Manufacturer / carrier agnostic
• Open source innovation
• Massive global reach
• Open source innovation
Issues • Apple dependant • BB dependent • Distribution
• Distribution • Late to market• Uncertain
consumer demand
• Limited reach in US• Distribution
Application ecosystem
• >3K apps (~20% free)
• More than 1M installs in only a few months
• Fewer free apps• BB Application
Center being developed for Storm
• >18K apps• Skymarket to
launch in 2009
• Android Market announced
• $3.8MM awarded in Developer Challenge
• >10K apps• Claims >90MM
installs over last 2 years
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Notes: 1. Artificially low given the wait for the 3G iPhone (5.3% market share in Q1)Source: Shasta Ventures, 2008
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Types of Mobile Services (Software)
Telstra in confidence20
•Voice or facsimile calls to the 190x number rangeRegulated by: TISSC Self Regulatory Scheme
•SMS and MMS calls to the 19x number range (e.g. competition entries and voting for interactive TV) - Regulated by: Mobile Premium Services Determination (ACMA)
• Telephone sex services – Regulated by: Part 9A of TCPSSA 1999
Premium Rate Services
•Information and entertainment services & applications
•Example: ringtones, pictures, wallpapers, logos, news, weather, sport, games, finance, directory, horoscopes
•Not regulated
Traditional WAP/SMS/MMS Services•Peer to peer communications
•Not regulated
P2P SMS/MMS
•Chat services (e.g. Fast Flirting, Power Chat), Instant messaging (e.g. MSN, Yahoo!)Regulated by: Mobile Premium Services Determination (ACMA)
•Location Based Services (Sensis mobile); Push to talkFlagged for regulation in convergent devices review.
Interactive Communications Services
•Music, video, TV services, games, lifestyle, sport, news and info, guide and directories, user generated
•Age restricted services e.g. Planet 3’s “Premier”
•Example: mobisodes, video clips, BigBrother live footage, music videos
•Regulated by:Mobile Premium Services Determination (ACMA)
Portal/Walled Garden and 3G
•Stored contentSchedule 5 BSA and IIA Code. Flagged in convergent devices review
•Ephemeral/live content – e.g. streaming videoNot Regulated (BigBrother)
Mobile Internet
•Regulated by: Mobile Premium Services Determination (ACMA) and BSAMobile TV
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Mob
ile D
ata
Serv
ice
Mat
urit
yIn
frastr
uctu
re F
ocus
A
pplic
ation
s Foc
us
GPRS
Waves of Applications
GSM
Enhanced Mobile Browsing:•Internet •Intranet/Extranet
Personalized Services:• Instant Messaging/MMS• Infotainment• Location Based Services• m Commerce
SimpleText Messaging (SMS)Internet Browsing (WAP)
UMTS
Mobile Multimedia:• Instant Interactive multimedia• Video Messaging / Streaming• Enriched Personalized Services
UMTS is Perceivedas a continuum from
2.5G -Richer Content
-Better User Experience
Multimedia
UMTS is Perceivedas a continuum from
2.5G -Richer Content
-Better User Experience
Source: Nortel networks
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Terminals Diversity
• Open apps to terminals model• Diversity to suit all market segments• New Capabilities• Learn from WAP and GPRS Errors!
Motorola T720Email, EMSWAP, Colour Screen
Panasonic-SGH T100 WAP, Colour Screen, 87 gram
Mitsbishi –MondoMobile phone & PDA, Windows CE applicationsSize 130 x 90 x 23mm Weight 200g
Palm- Treo $ 29916Mb memoryEmail, calendar…
Hiptop16Mb memoryEmail, calendar, camera optional
Value Add comes from Content and ApplicationsTerminals are just the mediatorSource: Nortel networks
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Trend: Data Applications Market
• Key to successful data offering:– Appropriate Applications to Terminals Pairing– Culture, evolution of past user experiences– Business Model : Content players need to be motivated to
join the value chain (Open APIs, revenue sharing, etc.)– Applications diversity - New service capabilities in order to
enrich the offer: MMS & Location based Services– Aggressive offering critical to take off
Need : Open Systems (e.g. J2ME), Attractive Pricing, Customised & Terminal Variety
Source: Nortel networks
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Outline
• Introduction• Enabling Mobile Technologies: Network layer, IMS, RFID,
Service Platforms• Why: Support of Convergent Heterogeneous
Environments and End-User Empowerment• How: Enabling User-Driven Semantics
– Mobile Ontology and Knowledge Layer in Service Platforms
– User-Generated Policies– User-Generated Mobile Microservices
• What: Motivating Scenarios• Conclusions
2422/04/23
www.sti-innsbruck.at
End-User Empowerment in Converging Service Platforms (1)• Redefining the role of Telco: from access to service provider
– Enabling new business models (e.g. «prosumers» vs. consumers)
• Inter-domain aspects: service provisioning, inter-working
• Make services intelligent and easier to use (assist users)
2522/04/23
Integration with the (Semantic) Web is inevitable for having a
common large information pool
Semantically enabled smart user interfaces
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End-User Empowerment in Converging Service Platforms (2)• Hiding complexity and heterogeneity
– Taking benefit of existing variety of services, networks and devices
• Opening platform capabilities to 3rd parties• Support multi-vendor, multi-technology middleware platforms
• Provide services timely: accelerate creation & delivery of services– Fast service creation– Reduce time-to-market for new services
2622/04/23
Ontology technology is built to handle heterogeneity and variety
Creation, discovery, composition of enablers and
services is accelerated on the basis of shared ontologies &
semantic techniques
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Outline
• Introduction• Enabling Mobile Technologies: Network layer, IMS, RFID,
Service Platforms• Why: Support of Convergent Heterogeneous
Environments and End-User Empowerment• How: Enabling User-Driven Semantics
– Mobile Ontology and Knowledge Layer in Service Platforms
– User-Generated Policies– User-Generated Mobile Microservices
• What: Motivating Scenarios• Conclusions
2722/04/23
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Mobile Ontology Vocabulary
2822/04/23
project
22 organisa-tions
ca. 12M Euro budget
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Mobile Ontology Initiative
• The initiative: http://ontology.ist-spice.org – for the whole SPICE project and beyond, partially standardised
by Open Mobile Alliance (OMA)• Used ontology languages: RDF/S, OWL
2922/04/23
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Service Platform ArchitectureSPICE
Exposure LayerExposure Layer
Exposure Layer
3rd Party Service Execution EnvironmentTerminal Platform
Capabilities & Enablers
IMS clientBrowser
Basic OS support
Value added services layerComposite components and orchestration
Knowledge layerBrokers, Mediators, Reasoners
Component service layerSPICE components and component support
Third partycomponents
Various repositories, including profiles, credentials, ACLs,
SLAs
Capabilities & Enablers
IMS System
Legacy systems
Component service layerSPICE components
Knowledge layerKnowledge sources
Value added services layer
SPICE Service Execution Environment
Exposure LayerExposure Layer
Exposure Layer
3rd Party Service Execution EnvironmentTerminal Platform
Capabilities & Enablers
IMS clientBrowser
Basic OS support
Value added services layerComposite components and orchestration
Knowledge layerBrokers, Mediators, Reasoners
Component service layerSPICE components and component support
Third partycomponents
Various repositories, including profiles, credentials, ACLs,
SLAs
Capabilities & Enablers
IMS System
Legacy systems
Component service layerSPICE components
Knowledge layerKnowledge sources
Value added services layer
SPICE Service Execution Environment
3022/04/23
Layering on the service platform layer, includes IMS.
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Mobile Ontology – How People Contributed
0102030405060708090
100
participants in specificroles, in %
ontology initiators
sub-ontologyinitiators
independentontologycontributors
ontologycontributorsrequiring assistance
ontology users andminor contributors
22/04/23 31
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Outline
• Introduction• Enabling Mobile Technologies: Network layer, IMS, RFID,
Service Platforms• Why: Support of Convergent Heterogeneous
Environments and End-User Empowerment• How: Enabling User-Driven Semantics
– Mobile Ontology and Knowledge Layer in Service Platforms
– User-Generated Policies– User-Generated Mobile Microservices
• What: Motivating Scenarios• Conclusions
3222/04/23
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Example for Policies
33
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Motivation: Why Edit Policies?End User Perspective • Personal data and identity managment
– „Who is watching me?“, e.g., choose to whom you want to reveal your location and presence and to whom not
• Policy awareness, acceptance/rejection– „What is going on?“, „Why?“, e.g., learn about government, finance,
legal, business procedures
Organizational Perspective• Policy management
– „Define, set, communicate, share policies“, e.g., conditions of selling a service at a WWW marketplace
B2B, B2C, C2B, C2C, P2P
34
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Policy Acquisition Tool: Architecture
35
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Eshop Policy Modelling Example
“We might receive information about you from other sources and add it to our account information.“
Maria a :Customer.Eshop a :Eshop.External_Information_about_Maria
a :External_Customer_Information.Marias_Account_at_Eshop a :Eshop_Customer_Account.
{Maria :has Marias_Account_at_Eshop.Eshop :receives External_Information_about_Maria
}=> {External_Information_about_Maria :is_added_to
Marias_Account_at_Eshop}
36
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Policy Acquisition Tool (PAT): Starting
37
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PAT: Condition Editing
38
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PAT: New Sentence Added
39
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PAT: Rule Construction is Completed
40
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Policy Creation - Evaluation
• 2 case studies• 10 test subjects• more than 200 rule modeling solutions produced and checked
for correctness• a human observer at the test-site • questionnaires after the tests
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Outline
• Introduction• Enabling Mobile Technologies: Network layer, IMS, RFID,
Service Platforms• Why: Support of Convergent Heterogeneous
Environments and End-User Empowerment• How: Enabling User-Driven Semantics
– Mobile Ontology and Knowledge Layer in Service Platforms
– User-Generated Policies– User-Generated Mobile Microservices
• What: Motivating Scenarios• Conclusions
4222/04/23
www.sti-innsbruck.at
m:Ciudad - Vision
• m:Ciudad, a step forward in Mobile User-generated Content and Services. A service infrastructure for the mobile platform for:
43
Instantaneous, on-the-go service creation and provision. The mobile user as a prosumer: producer, provider and consumer of services and their associated contents.
Fixed-mobile service convergence in a wide sense: one worldwide user-powered content network.
Efficient context utilization. Automatic / manual context-aware content generation and publication.
Discovery, access and mobile-to-mobile communication in a very distributed, volatile platform (such as the mobile one, with the service “not-always-on” paradigm).
m:Ciudad micro-services
Sensor-based(p.e.
TrafficJam) My Likes
(p.e. CoolClub)
Authoring(p.e.
mBlog)
MyPersonal
Data (p.e. MyCollecti
ons)
MyAgents(p.e.
ShoppingAssistant)
MyServices,
MyGames,
etc.
MobileUser-
GeneratedServices
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m:Ciudad – Research Challenges
44
Ontology template-based service creation; (inter-user service composition from worldwide available services).
Service deployment; viral service advertising; service sharing; service taxonomy, service usage policies.
Event-based content capturing (context-aware); Local and remote content & context tools; automatic tagging; content taxonomies.
Semantic / fuzzy search; distributed recommendation; user-term driven service/content search. Translation from folksonomy to service ontology.
IMS role; SIM/USIM role; seamless roaming treatment; QoS; Security.
Service execution environments; service business models; service business protection, rich user interfacing.
Business models, privacy, identification, dynamic billing.
ServiceCreation
On-the-moveService
Publication
Filling Contents & Tagging
Access & Connect
User Experienc
e, incl. trust
Accounting & Billing
Search & DiscoverContents
ServiceDescriptionLanguage
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m:Ciudad – Underlying Magic
45
Operating
System
Execution
Environm
ent
Service
s
ServiceCapabilities
CapabilitiesManagement
N E TW O R K
T E RM I
N A L
Servicewarehouse
Knowledgewarehouse
Usermanagement
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„What is a microservice?“
• Logic• Metadata• „Meta-metadata“• Content
(Parameters, Instantiation)
• Presentation
„Exposable“ parts are modelled semantically
46
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Microservices: Architectural Building Blocks
47
mCiudad Framework / Platform
Notification Service
Capabilities
KnowWare
Media storage
Accounting
Service availability tracker
Search engine
Ontology parsing engine
persistantDB
Recommender / relevance ranking
Rule / Policy controller
Serv lifecycle / State Mgr
Messaging
Service publisher +Metadata creation ServWare
and components
Authentication, (policy-based) access control
Group mgmt
asynchronous push/pull P2P pipe/flow/syndication notification mgmt
access rights/certifcates pre-condition/policy enforcement SDL conformance user # limitation
service state (active/busy/comm) sleep/resume, TTL event log
Authoring/ composition toolkit
Service Search & discovery
Data Flow Mgr
Context & profile manager
GPS
Service Exec Env (Browser ?)
My Service Metropolis (registry ?)
sensors
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Outline
• Introduction• Enabling Mobile Technologies: Network layer, IMS, RFID,
Service Platforms• Why: Support of Convergent Heterogeneous
Environments and End-User Empowerment• How: Enabling User-Driven Semantics
– Mobile Ontology and Knowledge Layer in Service Platforms
– User-Generated Policies– User-Generated Mobile Microservices
• What: Motivating Scenarios• Conclusions
4822/04/23
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Policies: Dilbert Example
49
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Policies: Eshop Example
50
Marialikes to shop,likes special offers,does not like to disclose her personal data
Ehop managerworks for a Eshop,creates Eshop policies and communicates them to customers,applies Eshop policies for userprofile management
Policy Acquisitio
n Tool
www.sti-innsbruck.at51
Motivation: Share knowledge about the fluidity of the traffic and presence of mobile radars with friends.
Microservices Scenario: Traffic Jam Killer
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Motivation: Locate friends, position them and show on a map.
Microservices Scenario: Friends Locator
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Scenarios Combined with Current RFID Application Areas
• Transport and logistics– toll management, tracking of goods, …
• Security and access control– tracking people, controlling access to restricted areas
• Supply chain management– item tagging, theft-prevention, product life cycle, …
• Medical and pharmaceutical applications– identification and location of staff and patients, asset tracking,
counterfeit protection for drugs, …• Manufacturing and processing
– streamlining assembly line process, …• Agriculture
– tracking of animals, quality control, …• Public sector, government
– passports, driver’s licenses, library systems, …
53
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Outline
• Introduction• Enabling Mobile Technologies: Network layer, IMS, RFID,
Service Platforms• Why: Support of Convergent Heterogeneous
Environments and End-User Empowerment• How: Enabling User-Driven Semantics
– Mobile Ontology and Knowledge Layer in Service Platforms
– User-Generated Policies– User-Generated Mobile Microservices
• What: Motivating Scenarios• Conclusions
5422/04/23
www.sti-innsbruck.at
ConclusionsThank you for the attention.
Starbucks comes from America (and there are several ones in Vienna!). Many would agree that coffee is better in Austria than in the US. Why wait till somebody else empowers end-users with semantic mobile services in the converging world?
Questions?
55
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References (URIs)• IETF: http://www.ietf.org • IETF RFC: http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfcsearch.html
– Link to IETF specifications relevant for IMS• 3GPP: http://www.3gpp.org/specs/specs.htm • 3GPP2: http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_ html/specs• m:Ciudad project: http:// www.mciudad-fp7.org • SPICE project: http://www.ist-spice.org • FTW: http://www.ftw.at
56
IETF = Internet Engineering Task ForceRFC = Request for Comments3GPP (and further abbreviations) – see Appendix of the slides
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References (Books and Papers)
• Camarillo, G., Garcia-Martin, M.A. “The 3G IP Multimedia Subsystem: Merging the Internet and the Cellular Worlds”, 381 p., John Wiley & Sons Ltd. (2004).
• Villalonga, C., Strohbach, M., Snoeck, N., Sutterer, M., Belaunde, M., Kovacs, E., Zhdanova, A.V., Goix, L.W., Droegehorn, O. "Mobile Ontology: Towards a Standardized Semantic Model for the Mobile Domain". In Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Telecom Service Oriented Architectures (TSOA 2007) at the 5th International Conference on Service-Oriented Computing, 17 September 2007, Vienna, Austria, Springer (2007).
• Davies, M., Gil, G., Maknavicius, L., Narganes, M., Urdiales, D., Zhdanova, A.V. "m:Ciudad: An Infrastructure for Creation and Sharing of End User Generated Microservices". In Proceedings of the Poster and Demonstration Track at the 1st Future Internet Symposium, 28-30 September 2008, Vienna, Austria (2008).
• Zhdanova, A.V., Zeiss, J., Dantcheva, A., Gabner, R., Bessler, S. “A Semantic Policy Management Environment for End-Users and its Empirical Study”. Networked Knowledge - Networked Media: Integrating Knowledge Management, New Media Technologies and Semantic Systems (Eds.: Schaffert, S., Tochtermann, K., Auer, S., Pellegrini, T.), Springer Verlag (2009).
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Appendix: IMS White Paper Acronyms
• 3G Third Generation• 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project• 3GPP2 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2• AAA Authentication, Authorization and Accounting• AMF Account Management Function• ANI Application-to-Network Interface• ANSI American National Standards Institute• API Application Programming Interface• AS Application Server• ASN Abstract Syntax Notation• ATIS Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions• ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode• ATP Acceptance Test Plan• AUC Authentication Center• BGCF Breakout Gateway Control Function• BT British Telecom• CAMEL Customized Applications for Mobile Network Enhanced Logic• CAP CAMEL Application Part• CBF Charging and Billing Function• CCF Charging Collection Function• CDF Charging Data Function• CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
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Appendix: IMS White Paper Acronyms
• CDR Charging Data Records• CGF Charging Gateway Function• CLEC Competitive LEC• CN Core Network• COPS Common Open Policy Service• CPE Customer Premises Equipment• CS Circuit-switched• CSCF Call Session Control Function• CTIA Cellular Telecommunications and Internet Association• DB Database• DHLR Distributed Home Location Register• DIAMETERAAA or HSS protocol; successor/upgrade of RADIUS• DMS Dual Mode Services• DNS Domain Name System• DSL Digital Subscriber Line• E9-1-1 Emergency Services• ECF Event Charging Function• EDGE Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution• EIA Electronics Industry Association• ENUM Telephone Number Mapping• GGSN Gateway GPRS Support Node• GPRS General Packet Radio Service• GSA Global Mobile Suppliers Association• GSM Global System for Mobile Communication• HLR Home Location Register• HSS Home Subscriber Server
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Appendix: IMS White Paper Acronyms
• HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol• I-CSCF Interrogating Call Session Control Function• IETF Internet Engineering Task Force• IM Instant Messaging• IM-SSF IP Multimedia Services Switching Function• IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem• IMS-MGW IMS Media Gateway Function• IMT-2000 International Mobile Telecommunications 2000• IN Intelligent Networks• IP Internet Protocol• IP-CAN IP Connectivity Access Network• IPDR Internet Protocol Detail Record• IPsec IP Security• IPv4 IP Version 4• IPv6 IP Version 6• ISC IMS Service Control• ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network• ISG Intelligent Services Gateway• ISO International Organization for Standards• ISUP ISDN User Part• IT Information Technology• LAN Local Area Network• LEC Local Exchange Carrier• LNP Local Number Portability• MAP Mobile Application Part• MCS Multimedia Communications Server
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• MEGACO Media Gateway Control (protocol)• MGCF Media Gateway Control Function• MGF Media Gateway Function• MGIF Mobile Gaming Interoperability Forum• MGW Media gateway• MPLS Multi-Protocol Label Switching• MRF Media Resource Function• MRFC Media Resource Function Controller• MRFP Media Resource Function Processor• MSF Multiservice Switching Forum• MSO Multi-Service Operator• MTP Message Transfer Part• NAI Network Access Identifier• NANP North American Numbering Plan• NE Network Element• NGN Next Generation Network• NNI Network Node Interface• OAM&P Operations, Administration, Maintenance and Provisioning• OCF Online Charging Function• OCS Online Charging System• OMA Open Mobile Alliance• OSA Open Service Access• OSI Open Systems Interconnection• OSS Operations Support System• PC Policy Controller• P-CSCF Proxy Call Session Control Function
Appendix: IMS White Paper Acronyms
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• PDA Personal Digital Assistant• PDF Policy Decision Function• PDS Packet Data Subsystem• PDSN Packet Data Service Node• POTS Plain Old Telephone Service• PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network• PLMN Public land Mobile Network• QoS Quality of Service• RAN Radio Access Network• RADIUS Remote Authentication Dial In User Service• RF Rating Function• RTP Real-Time Transport Protocol• RTCP RTP Control Protocol• SBC Session Border Controller• SCCP Signaling Connection Control Part• SCF Session Charging Function • SCIM Service Capability Interaction Manager• SCP Service Control Point• S-CSCF Serving Call Session Control Function• S-CSCF Serving CSCF• SCTP Stream Control Transmission Protocol• SCF Service Control Function• SCP Service Control Point• SCS Service Capability Server• SDO Standards Development Organization• SDP Session Description Protocol
Appendix: IMS White Paper Acronyms
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• SGF Signaling Gateway Function• SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node• SGW Signaling Gateway• SIGTRAN Signaling Transport• SIP Session Initiation Protocol• SLA Service Level Agreement• SLF Subscriber Locator Function• SMS Short Message Service• SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol• SOA Service Oriented Architecture• SS7 Signaling System 7• SSL Secure Sockets Layer• SSF Service Switching Function• SSP Service Switching Point• TAS Telephony Application Serer• TBCP Talk Burst Control Protocol • TCAP Transaction Capabilities Application Part• TCP Transmission Control Protocol• TDM Time Division Multiplexing• TIA Telecommunications Industry Association• TSG-CT TSG Core Network and Terminals (3GPP)• TSG-GERAN TSG GSM EDGE Radio Access Network (3GPP)• TSG-RAN TSG Radio Access Network (3GPP)• TSG-SA TSG Service and System Aspects (3GPP)• UDP User Datagram Protocol
Appendix: IMS White Paper Acronyms
www.sti-innsbruck.at
• UE User Equipment• UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System• UNI User-to-Network Interface• URI Universal Resource Identifier• URL Uniform Resource Locator• UTRA Universal Terrestrial Radio Access• UWB Ultra-Wideband• VCC Voice Call Continuity• VoIP Voice over IP• VPN Virtual Private Network• VSP Virtual Service Provider• WCIT World Conference on International Telecommunications• WIN Wireless Intelligent Network• WG Working Group• WiFi 802.11x wireless technology• WiMAX 802.16x wireless technology• WIN Wireless Intelligent Network• WLAN Wireless LAN• WTSC Wireless Technologies and Systems Committee (ATIS)• xDSL Variations of DSL
Appendix: IMS White Paper Acronyms