7/23/2019 Model 525 Relentless Advanced Fly-By-Wire – The Pilot’s Safety Advantage

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Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. i" ! #holly o#ned "ub"idi!ry of Textron Inc. Bell Helicopter Textron C!n!d! $i%ited i" ! #holly o#ned "ub"idi!ry of Textron Intern!tion!l Holding &.$'! #holly o#ned "ub"idi!ry of Textron Inc. (!ch co%p!ny i" ! "ep!r!te leg!l entity !nd ! %e%ber of the Textron f!%ily of co%p!nie".) 2014 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. All regi"tered tr!de%!r*" !re the property of their re"pective o#ner".

Model 525 Relentless AdvancedFly-By-Wire – The Pilot’s Safety

Advantage

Mie Both!ell " A!ais Ra#a – Bell $elico%ter

+th (A&A otorcr!ft &y%po"iu%

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$elico%ter Safety Revie!

, &iffer fro' fi(ed-!ing

 –  )%erate lo! s%eed* lo! altit+de* &,* .M/

, /ontrolled Flight into Terrain 0/F.T1

 –  34 of /F.T accidents res+lt in fatalities 0TSB1

 –  )cc+r .M/* ,M/* 'o+ntaino+s* flat terrain

 –  Flight %hases for /F.T accidents 0FAA A/ 6-6781

o Taeoff and cli'9: 254

o A%%roach and landing: 864

o /r+ise: 8;54

, /a+ses

 –  <oss of sit+ational a!areness 0in 9oth vertical andhori#ontal a(es1

 –  S%atial disorientation affected 9y vis+al c+es andaircraft handling =+alities

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Selected $elico%ter /ase St+dies

, ight flight in the >+lf of Me(ico –  ?the flight cre!’s fail+re to identify and arrest the helico%ter’s

descent for +ndeter'ined reason* !hich res+lted in controlledflight into terrain@

, A%%roach in the Shetland .slands –  ?the co'9ination of the nose-high attit+de* lo! airs%eed* high rate

of descent* and high %o!er %laced the helico%ter in a vorte(-ringstate@

, $MS helico%ter crash into terrain in &, conditions –  ?contin+ed flight into +nno!n !eather conditions* !hich res+lted

in his fail+re to 'aintain clearance !ith the gro+nd@ –  ?%ress+re to co'%lete the 'ission ind+ced 9y the %ilot-in-co''and

as a res+lt of the e'ergency 'edical services o%eration@

, &ivided %ilot attention

 –  ?The %ilot stated that d+ring lift-off he !as distracted 9y %ersonson the gro+nd !aving ar's; The aircraft drifted to the left andcontacted a tree after !hich the %ilot landed the aircraft and itrolled over@

/o''on the'es – lo! sit+ational a!areness* high %ilot !orload* ands%atial disorientation

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Fi(ed-Wing FBW

, Fi(ed-!ing ind+stry ahead of co''ercial rotorcraft inado%tion of FBW

, ot all fi(ed-!ing iss+es translate to helico%ters

, FBW Side-stic controller iss+es –  An accident ca+sed 9y s%atial disorientation !as co'%o+nded 9y

conflicting control in%+ts fro' the %ilot and co-%ilot side sticcontrollers;

 –  An incident !here the co-%ilot +nintentionally activated the stic

?taeover@ 9+tton !hile the %ilot !as co''anding a flare forlanding; –  Several incidents !here 9oth %ilot and co%ilot are 'aing control

in%+ts and the FBW syste' s+''ed the in%+ts ca+sing ?a9r+%t'ane+vers@;

, e!'an and <a'9regt closing co''ent –  ?overall FBW and envelo%e %rotection have %revented accidents

and saved lives; .n the %ast 65 years* there have 9een 2 stallaccidents in co''ercial trans%ort o%erations !ith 8 fatalities –not one !as a FBW air%lane@

FBW Technology has 'ade /o''ercial Fi(ed-Wing Aviation Safer

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Pro%osed Sol+tions

, Fro' FAA* /AA –  .ncreased +se of Terrain A!areness and Warning Syste'

0TAWS1 –  &efine 'ore consistent %roced+res for dis%atch into .M/ –  .ncreased %ilot training – es%ecially in the +se of a+to%ilots

or related syste's as !ell as 9etter 'onitoring of aircraftstate 9y the flight cre!

, Fro' Roger $oh* C; W; $arding st+dies

 –  Dse of sta9ility and control a+g'entation to decrease %ilot!orload

 –  <ined %ilot !orload* s%atial a!areness to helico%terhandling =+alities

 –  Dse of Translational Rate /o''and 0TR/1 and Position$old 0P$1 to significantly lo!er %ilot attention de'and andred+ce s%atial disorientation in lo! s%eedElo! altit+de

 –  Si'+lation st+dies sho!ed TR/ " P$ red+ced %ilot!orload and i'%roved handling =+alities

/o''on the'es – Address Pilot !orload* a!areness* training*%roced+res

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Bell’s Sol+tion for Safety - FBW

, Bell 525 Relentless

, M+lti-role Part 2 /ivil Trans%ort

, World’s first commercial Fly-by-Wire helicopter 

7/23/2019 Model 525 Relentless Advanced Fly-By-Wire – The Pilot’s Safety Advantage

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,oice of the /+sto'er – .'%roved $elico%ter Safety

, Cu"to%er Advi"ory P!nel

 –  Corpor!te !nd -IP

 –  irefighting

 –  /il !" Producer" /P3

 –  &e!rch !nd e"cue &A3P!r!public

 –  Helicopter (%ergency 5edic!l &ervice H(5&3

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525 FBW &esign for Safety Philoso%hy

, Provide defa+lt feat+res !hich a+to'atically red+ce%ilot !orload* increase %ilot sit+ational a!areness*and i'%rove aircraft handling =+alities

, Pilot is al!ays in co''and directing the co'%+ter!hile the control la!s achieve the %ilot’s desire !ithacc+racy* s'oothness* and grace

, .f red+ced a+g'entation is necessary 0%erha%s d+eto a syste' fail+re1* the %ilot al!ays has the o%tionof reverting to a 9aseline ?al!ays availa9le@ direct

control strategy

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Pilot /ontrols

, Side-Stic /yclic " /ollective –  &etent detection

o .n-detent – /<AW defa+lto )+t-of-detent – Pilot co''and

 –  Bee%s sle! reference s%eed*altit+de G

 –  Force Tri' Release resetsdetent* reference* and releasesforces

, Traditional Pedals –  &etent detection

o .n-detent – /<AW defa+lto )+t-of detent – Pilot co''and

, Mechanically interconnected%ilot and co%ilot controls –  <essons learned fro' fi(ed-!ing

FBW iss+es

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525 FBW– Pilot Worload Red+ction

, /ontin+o+s f+ll ti'e sta9ili#ation in res%onse to !ind* g+sts and otherdist+r9ances

, F+ll ti'e defa+lt attit+de* s%eed* vertical s%eed* and altit+de holds

de%ending +%on the control a(is and airs%eed –  S%eed hold frees the %ilot fro' having to 'ae %itch attit+de

corrections via longit+dinal cyclic to reg+late air s%eed

, &eco+%ling the control a(es

 –  Actively co''and the longit+dinal a(is for e(a'%le* 9+t !ill still holdthe altit+de 0vertical1* 9an angle 0lateral1* and heading 0directional1

 –  Provide the a%%ro%riate tail rotor thr+st co''and to co+nteract the'ain rotor tor=+e

 –  <i'iting the reference vertical descent rate as a f+nction of airs%eed –

,RS %rotection

, TR/EP$ at $over and <o! S%eed

 –  /ritical in lo! altit+de and &, !here helico%ter 'issions co''onlyocc+r – $MS* SAR* Firefighting* )il " >as

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525 FBW – .ncreased Sit+ational A!areness

, &is%lace'ent tri' for cyclic and collective

 –  Main rotor s!ash%late 'argin a!areness

, /ollective Tactile /+eing

 –  A): M/P* T)P li'its

 –  ).: /ontin+o+s* 2 'in* 73 sec li'its

 –  Pilot ?%+ll-thro+gh@ of tactile c+e

, AR/ $ori#on Flight &ec

 –  .ntegrated >lass Flight &ec

 –  .ncreased over-the-nose visi9ility

 –  T/AS-..* $TAWS* Synthetic ,ision

 –  &e-cl+ttered coc%it layo+t

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525 FBW– Standardi#ed Behavior

, A+to'atic s!itching9et!een flight regi'es –  $),RETR/

 –  <o! S%eed

 –  $igh S%eed

, /onsistent /AT-APerfor'ance

 –  Tae advantage ofTR/EP$

 –  Standardi#ed training

 –  o e(%os+re d+ring ).

, A+torotation Assist –  Mini'i#e rotor droo%

 –  Standardi#ed a+torotationentry for training

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$overETR/ Perfor'ance - Si'+lation

Translational Rate Command

Position Hold

Rate Command

Speed Hold

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/oncl+sion

, /ontri9+ting factors to $elico%ter /F.T and related accidents

 –  $igh %ilot !orload

 –  <oss of sit+ational a!areness

 –  <o! altit+de* lo! s%eed* .M/ and &,

, Dse of FBW i'%roves helico%ter handling =+alities and thereforesafety

 –  Red+ced %ilot !orload

 –  .ncreased s%atial a!areness

, S%ecific 525 design-for-safety FBW strategies incl+de

 –  TR/EP$ at lo! s%eed* lo! altit+de

 –  defa+lt s%eed* attit+de* and vertical s%eed hold f+nctionality

 – 'echanically interconnected side-stic controllers

 –  collective tactile c+eing

 –  dis%lace'ent tri' !ith 'argin a!areness

 –  control a(is deco+%ling

 –  /AT-A %erfor'ance

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Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. i" ! #holly o#ned "ub"idi!ry of Textron Inc. Bell Helicopter Textron C!n!d! $i%ited i" ! #holly o#ned "ub"idi!ry of Textron Intern!tion!l Holding &.$'! #holly o#ned "ub"idi!ry of Textron Inc. (!ch co%p!ny i" ! "ep!r!te leg!l entity !nd ! %e%ber of the Textron f!%ily of co%p!nie".) 2014 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. All regi"tered tr!de%!r*" !re the property of their re"pective o#ner".

H+estions