November 2010 Slide [1] Electrical and Computer Engineering

Electrical and Computer Engineering

Electrical and Computer Engineering

Electrical and Computer Engineering

Power system design and analysis for reactive power support using software simulation model

Nikhil V KulkarniECGR 5104 Computational Methods in Power System

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

University of North Carolina at Charlotte

November 2010 Slide [2] Electrical and Computer Engineering

Objective• Design of 31 bus power system using simulation

software ETAP.• Initial calculation/estimation of required parameters

from given data.• Implementation of system using simulation software.• Analysis of power flow. • Equipment optimization & Generator rescheduling

for minimum losses.• Analysis of reactive power compensation required for

the vulnerable area.

November 2010 Slide [3] Electrical and Computer Engineering

Power System Architecture

November 2010 Slide [4] Electrical and Computer Engineering

Improvement from Base CaseBus ID Nominal kV

Base Case %Voltage

Improvement Case I %Voltage

Improvement Case II %Voltage

Bus1 230 94.64 95.72 97.49Bus2 230 95.89 96.81 98.69Bus4 115 94.73 96.11 95.92Bus5 230 94.34 95.49 97.2Bus6 230 93.71 95.03 96.6Bus7 230 93.2 94.67 96.09Bus8 115 91.61 93.95 93.67Bus9 69 89.78 91.89 98.16Bus10 69 84.66 86.94 93.65Bus11 115 93.69 94.84 94.41Bus13 69 92.63 93.53 96.09Bus14 69 94.94 95.5 96.53Bus15 230 97.33 97.99 98.16Bus16 230 99.09 99.11 99.14Bus19 115 88.06 90.51 90.21Bus23 69 92.8 94.37 97.35Bus24 230 92.98 94.54 95.71Bus25 230 93.15 94.76 95.74Bus26 230 93.76 95.42 95.94Bus29 115 92.76 96.22 96.31Bus31 230 93.25 95.49 95.97

November 2010 Slide [5] Electrical and Computer Engineering

Generator ReschedulingGenerator Scheduling

Case Gen ID MW loading %MW generation Total Losses (MW)

Base Case

Gen 1 75 25

41.31Gen 2 62.5 25

Gen 3 87.5 25

Gen 4 (Slack Bus) 544.231 136.1

Improvement Case I

Gen 1 225 75

14.862Gen 2 75 30

Gen 3 175 50

Gen 4 (Slack Bus) 267.783 66.9

Improvement Case II

Gen 1 225 75

15.075Gen 2 82.5 33

Gen 3 280 80

Gen 4 (Slack Bus) 155.496 38.9

November 2010 Slide [6] Electrical and Computer Engineering

Equipment OptimizationTransformer

IDTap

adjustmentVoltage Side

(kV)T1 2.5% 230

T3 10% 69

T4 7.5% 69

T7 2.5% 69

Transformer ID

% Operating Changed to (MVA)

T2 22.8 15

T3 62 -

T4 44.4 25

T5 14 10

T6 21.4 15

T7 5.1 10

November 2010 Slide [7] Electrical and Computer Engineering

Improving Voltage Profile

• Connect parallel transformer or transmission line (Effect is reduced reactance)

• Add capacitor bank

• Changing Transformer taps

• Implementation of AVR

• Adding FACTS devices

• VAR compensators

November 2010 Slide [8] Electrical and Computer Engineering

Implementation Methodology & Simulation tools used.

• PSAT (Power system Analysis Toolbox)

• PSAT is interface to MATLAB SIMULINK

• ETAP simulation software

• Pros & Cons

November 2010 Slide [9] Electrical and Computer Engineering

Shortfalls in design

• Optimal power flow, Economic dispatch and Unit Commitment are not taken into consideration.

November 2010 Slide [10] Electrical and Computer Engineering

Implementation methodology for microgrid is connection to grid

• Description of Microgrid system• Generators – 2

• Transformers – 2

• Transmission lines – 2

• Load – 1

• Analysis– Power flows in interconnection between 2 systems

is observed.

November 2010 Slide [11] Electrical and Computer Engineering

Case Study

• 3 case studies are considered– When Micro source are generating power– When Micro source are not in system– When Load is varied from 1 MW - 2 MW – 4 MW

November 2010 Slide [12] Electrical and Computer Engineering

Conclusions & Recommendations

• Base case of 31 bus power system has been run and results observed from power flow are analyzed

• Micro grid system is interconnected with grid and results are analyzed for various test cases

November 2010 Slide [13] Electrical and Computer Engineering

References & Appendices

• References– Power System Analysis - Hadi Saadat– PSAT manual - Frederick Milano

• Appendices– Refer Report