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Contents

IntroductionKitchen gardenTerrace gardenNet houseHydroponicsModern agricultural tools

Modern Agriculture

Modern agriculture techniques and tools rely on the most innovative science to maintain a careful balance of farm inputs that optimize crop production while lessening potential impacts on the environment. Techniques such as conservation tillage, integrated pest management and crop rotation focus on precision and sustainability without sacrificing crop yields. More than 90 percent of farmers today regularly use these practices to protect human, animal and environmental health. The term “modern agriculture” depicts their commitment to innovation, stewardship and meeting the global food challenge all at once – there is nothing conventional about that.

Kitchen garden

The traditional kitchen garden, also known as a potager (in French, jardin potager) or in Scotland a kailyaird,[1] is a space separate from the rest of the residential garden – the ornamental plants and lawn areas. Most vegetable gardens are still miniature versions of old family farm plots, but the kitchen garden is different not only in its history, but also its design.

The kitchen garden may serve as the central feature of an ornamental, all-season landscape, or it may be little more than a humble vegetable plot. It is a source of herbs, vegetables and fruits, but it is often also a structured garden space with a design based on repetitive geometric patterns.

The kitchen garden has year-round visual appeal and can incorporate permanent perennials or woody shrub plantings around (or among) the annuals.

Forms of Kitchen Garden

Potager garden

A potager is a French term for an ornamental vegetable or kitchen garden. The historical design precedent is from the Gardens of the French Renaissance and Baroque Garden à la française eras. Often flowers (edible and non-edible) and herbs are planted with the vegetables to enhance the garden's beauty. The goal is to make the function of providing food aesthetically pleasing.

Vegetable garden

A vegetable garden (also known as a vegetable patch or vegetable plot) is a garden that exists to grow vegetables and other plants useful for human consumption, in contrast to a flower garden that exists for aesthetic purposes. It is a small-scale form of vegetable growing. A vegetable garden typically includes a compost heap, and several plots or divided areas of land, intended to grow one or two types of plant in each plot. Plots may also be divided into rows with an assortment of vegetables grown in the different rows.

Herb garden

The herb garden is often a separate space in the garden, devoted to growing a specific group of plants known as herbs. These gardens may be informal patches of plants, or they may be carefully designed, even to the point of arranging and clipping the plants to form specific patterns, as in a knot garden.

Herb gardens may be purely functional or they may include a blend of functional and ornamental plants. The herbs are usually used to flavour food in cooking, though they may also be used in other ways, such as discouraging pests, providing pleasant scents, or serving medicinal purposes (such as a physic garden), among others.

Terrace garden

In gardening, a terrace is an element where a raised flat paved or graveled section overlooks a prospect. A raised terrace keeps a house dry and provides a transition between the hard materials of the architecture and softer ones of the garden.

Contemporary

Contemporary terrace gardens, in addition to being in the garden and landscape, often occur in urban areas and are terrace architecture elements that extend out from an apartment or residence at any floor level other than ground level. They are often discussed in conjunction with roof gardens, although they are not always true roof gardens, instead being balconies and decks. These outdoor spaces can become lush gardens through the use of container gardening, automated drip irrigation and low-flow irrigation systems, and outdoor furnishings.

Net House

Net houses are basically naturally ventilated climate controlled. Jain Net houses have a variety of applications, the majority being, growing of vegetables, floriculture, fruit crop growing for export market.

Jain Net houses are built of a Pre-galvanized channel cum tubular structure/ Tubular Structure wherein crops are grown under a favourable controlled environment and other conditions viz. temperature, humidity, light intensity, soil media, disease control, irrigation, Fertigation and other agronomical practices throughout the season irrespective of the natural conditions outside.

How a Net house works

The explanation given in most sources for the warmer temperature in a greenhouse is that incident solar radiation in the visible, long-wavelength ultraviolet, and short-wavelength infrared range of the spectrum passes through the glass roof and walls and is absorbed by the floor, earth, and contents, which become warmer and re-emit the energy as longer-wavelength infrared radiation. Glass and other materials used for greenhouse walls do not transmit infrared radiation, so the infrared cannot escape via radiative transfer. As the structure is not open to the atmosphere, heat also cannot escape via convection, so the temperature inside the greenhouse rises. This is known as the "greenhouse effect".[4][5] The greenhouse effect, due to infrared-opaque "greenhouse gases" including carbon dioxide and methane instead of glass, also affects the earth as a whole; there is no convective cooling as air does not escape from the earth.

Special Features of Net House

Galvanized Steel Construction. Special Aluminum locking profile to fix covering materials with structure. Designed to withstand wind speed of 140 Kmph Bears, hanging load 15- 25 Kg per Sq. Mt. Inside insect net house movable shade nets (Manual/ Motorized) UV stabilized covering materials like 40/50 mesh Insect Net or shade net

50%. Shading / Thermal Net Trellising system for vegetable. Prefabricated structure which makes easy to assemble & dissemble. Complete structure is assembled with Nut-bolts. No welding is required. Control System - Manual / Semi Automatic / Automatic. Fully

Computerized / Weather Station. Planting material- soil less media like coco peat.

Advantages of Net house

Yield increases by 5 - 7 times or even more.Uniform and better qualityReduction in labour costLess fertilizer requirement, thus reduction in fertilizer cost.Low water requirement thus saving in water.Less chances of disease attack, thus reduction in disease

control cost.Higher Efficiency of Water & Fertilizer Use.Cultivation in problematic topography.Cultivation in problematic soil conditions.Cultivation in problematic climate conditions.Requires less area to get maximum yield and benefits.Easy to operate, maintain & control.

Hydroponics

Hydroponics is a subset of hydroculture and is a method of growing plants using mineral nutrient solutions, in water, without soil. Terrestrial plants may be grown with their roots in the mineral nutrient solution only, or in an inert medium, such as perlite or gravel.

The Six Types of Hydroponic Systems

Drip System

Ebb- Flow (Flood & Drain)

N.F.T. (Nutrient Film Technique)

Water Culture

Aeroponics

Wick System

Drip Systems

Drip systems are one of the most widely used types of hydroponic systems around the world, both for home growers as well as commercial growers alike. That's mainly because it's an easy concept and needs few parts, but yet it's a very versatile and effective type of hydroponic system. Even though it's an easy concept, it won't limit your imagination when building your own systems. The way a drip system works is just like it sounds, you simply drip nutrient solution on the plants roots to keep them moist.

Ebb & Flow Flood and Drain (Ebb and Flow) systems are very popular with home

hydroponic growers for many reasons. Besides how easy they are for anyone to build, you can use almost any materials you have laying around to build them with, so you don't need to spend much money to grow plants  hydroponically. Also they can be built to fit in any available space you might have (both indoors or outdoors), and there is no limit to the different and imaginative ways to design them for that space. Along with being inexpensive and easy to build, plants grow very well in flood and drain systems. The flood and drain system works basically like it sounds, by simply flooding the plants root system with nutrient solution. Only periodically rather than continuously.  

N.F.T. (Nutrient Film Technique) System

The N.F.T. system  (Nutrient Film Technique) is quite popular with home hydroponic growers as well. Mainly because of it's fairly simple design. However N.F.T. systems are best suited for, and most commonly used for growing smaller quick growing plants like different types of lettuce. Along with growing lettuce, some commercial growers also grow different types of herbs and baby greens using N.F.T. systems.   

Water Culture System Water Culture systems are about the simplest of all six types of

hydroponic systems. While technically simple, they are still very effective for growing plants hydroponiclly. Not only do a lot of home hydroponic growers really like using water culture systems, but many commercial growers use this type of system on a large scale as well. Mainly because the water culture systems is a simple and easy concept. It's also a very inexpensive type of system to build, and another reason why it's popular with home growers as well. Even though the concept is simple, there are plenty of imaginative ways to use and build water culture systems out of different materials.

Aeroponic System

While the concept of the aeroponic system is quite simple, it's actually the most technical of all 6 types of hydroponic systems. However it's still fairly easy to build your own basic aeroponic system, and a lot of home growers like growing in them as well, and even get really good results using this type of hydroponic system. 

Like with any other type of hydroponic system, you can use many different kinds of materials to build it, as well as many different types of design setups to fit in your space. Your really only limited by the space you have, and your imagination. 

Wick System The wick system is the simplest of all six types of hydroponic systems.

That's because traditionally it doesn't have any moving parts, thus it doesn't use any pumps or electricity. However some people still like using an optional air pump in the reservoir. Because it doesn't need electricity to work, it's also quite useful in places where electricity cant be uses, or is unreliable.

Modern Agricultural Tools

cultivator The size and design of amplifiers , remove weeds without

damage to the plant and the plant to fit around all the various available . Loosening the top two inches of soil to grow plants , giving them room to strengthen the two can cause negative effects . First , loosened soil dormant weed seeds to germinate is to be encouraged . Another negative effect of the loosened soil particles, adding weight and pressing down on the ground , the compacting, can oxidize and hard . After cultivating Mulching is one way to counter the negative effects of both

Thresher The thrashing machine , or , in modern spelling , machine ( or

simply thresher ), threshing , the agricultural use of the machine was invented by Scottish mechanical engineer Andrew Meikle . Separate the grain from the stalks and husks (c.1784) was discovered . For thousands of years , grain from the 18th century to about one-quarter of agricultural labor , flails are separated by hand , and was very laborious and time consuming . [ 1 ] The process of mechanization, farm labor was a big fag . The grinding mill and threshing the grain to get the customer is just a process . The wheat , then cut stooked , ( I , shock ) , hauled , threshed , and grain binding bales hauled to an elevator and the chaff needs to be grown .

Rotavetor Rotavators often used in gardens and gardening

powerful pieces of machinery , is takingAnd broken fields, churn and aerate the soil . Use a set of blades or rotors RotavatorsDespite the spin and break ground . This improves drainage , level the area and makeLand for growing vegetables and crops in full

Rip Binder The Reaper - binder , or binder , The Reaper was on the

update of the farm equipment . The binder was invented in 1872 by Charles Withington . [ 1 ] In addition to crop small grain crops , it is also a small space , or to tie the stems into sheaves . The sheaves threshed the grain for several days before being allowed to dry , resembling small tipis , conical in stooks ' shock ' was .Withington original binder used wire to tie up the space . There are several problems with the wire , and William Deering twine and knotter ( invented in 1858 by John Appleby ), the binder used in the search for a long time it was not

Moldboard plough The plow (BrE) or plow ( we ; see spelling differences ; / plaʊ /)

sowing the seeds for the preparation of land for the cultivation of early farming or planting soil to loosen or use a tool ( or machine ) is . Ploughs bull or a horse or a camel or a tractor as such by the other animals are drawn . A plow can be made of wood or iron . The history is the most basic equipment , and agriculture as one of the major advances . Exploitation, the primary purpose of burying weeds , fresh nutrients to the surface , on the ground level is turned on , the previous crop remains , and crop and weed seeds , both of which allows them to break . It also aerates the soil hold moisture better and to allow alternative crop for planting the seed that provides free medium . In modern use ,

Disk plough A disc harrow the crop is planted where the land is used for farming

or farm equipment . It is also undesirable weeds or crops are used to chop up reminders . It has a lot of iron or slight concavity and are arranged as two of the four sections contains a steel disk . Viewed from above , the four sections has been flattened to be wider than it is tall , the "X" setting will display . But they are not parallel to the direction of the overall disk appliance that is offset . They cut up a little bit to optimize the outcome of this slice of land . Disk is being offset their concavity and loosen them and cause them to cut the soil .

Land leveller Weed Control : Improved water coverage on better land leveling

reduces weeds by 40 % . This results in less time for weeding crops and weeds .Farm operation : laser leveling of fields to use as possible . Increase the area of agricultural fields and increase operational efficiency . Farmers to increase cultivation area by 10 % to 15 % of the option to reduce operating time .SEEDING efforts : laser- leveled large areas transplanting, it takes less time for planting and for direct seeding .Efficient water management : an unleveled field and enter another body of water is stored in a part of the excess water . The laser precision land leveling allows use water efficiently .

Tractor A tractor is an engineering vehicle specifically designed to

deliver a high tractive effort (or torque) at slow speeds, for the purposes of hauling a trailer or machinery used in agriculture or construction. Most commonly, the term is used to describe a farm vehicle that provides the power and traction to mechanize agricultural tasks, especially (and originally) tillage, but nowadays a great variety of tasks. Agricultural implements may be towed behind or mounted on the tractor, and the tractor may also provide a source of power if the implement is mechanised.

Thank •YOU….