Modern Railways

7/31/2019 Modern Railways

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PREPARED BY:SIDDHARTH VORA (09BCL031)

FACULTY GUIDE: PROF. A M POPAT


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INTRODUCTION

Rail transport is the means of conveyance of passengers and goods by way

of wheeled vehicles running on rail tracks.

Railways have had a crucial impact on the economic development inmost countries.


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HISTORY The history of rail transport dates back nearly 500 years

and include systems with man or horse power and rails of

wood or stone.

Modern rail transport systems first appeared in England in

the 1820s.

During the 1940s and 1950s, the non-electrified railways

in most countries had their steam locomotives replaced by

diesel-electric locomotives.


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COMPARISON WITH ROAD TRANSPORT

RAILWAY TRANSPORT ROAD TRANSPORT

Requires less land.

More energy efficient. More safe.

Less emission of c02 and

pollutants.

Capital intensive.

Requires more land.

Less energy efficient. Less safe.

More emission of co2 and

pollutants.

Requires less capital.


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RAILWAY TRACK

The history of rail transport dates back nearly 500 yearsand include systems with man or horse power and rails of

wood or stone.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Zeleznicni_prazce_a_koleje.jpg


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Fishplate between two sections

A major problem of jointed track is cracking around the boltholes, which can lead to the rail head (the running surface)breaking.

Most modern railways use continuous welded rail (CWR). Indian railways uses four gauges, the 1,676mm broad gauge

which is wider than the 1,435mm standard gauge; the 1,000mmmetre gauge; and two narrow gauges, 762 mm (2 ft 6 in) and610 mm (2 ft) .
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Fishplate_on_Bluebell_Railway.jpg


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MAGLEV TRAIN

The highest recorded speed of a Maglev train is

581 kilometres per hour (361 mph), achieved in Japan

in 2003.


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Compared to conventional trains

Backwards Compatibility

Efficiency

Weight Noise

Design Comparisons


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Advantages of Maglev Trains

Speed: These trains can attain speeds of 250 mph easily (thespeed of a jet aircraft).

The Japanese Maglev's last record was of 581km/h.

The Shanghai MagLev Train can speed up to 431 km/h

No friction

Ecology


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maglev train of japan
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Transrapid-emsland.jpg


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DISADVANTAGES Development Price:

The Shanghai maglev cost 9.93 billion yuan to

build

Control Systems


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MAGLEV TRACK

The magnetized coil running along the track, called a guideway, repels the

large magnets on the train's undercarriage, allowing the train to levitate

between 0.39 and 3.93 inches (1 to 10 cm) above the guideway.

The electric current supplied to the coils . This change in polarity causes the

magnetic field in front of the train to pull the vehicle forward, while the

magnetic field behind the train adds more forward thrust.


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BULLET TRAIN

Japan was the first country to build dedicated railway lines for high

speed travel. Because of the mountainous terrain, the existing network

consisted of 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) narrow gauge lines, which generally

took indirect routes and could not be adapted to higher speeds.


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SHINKANSEN BULLET TRAIN OF

JAPAN ELECTRICITY

Shinkansen uses a 25,000 V AC overhead power supply

ECONOMYThe time savings alone from switching from a conventional to a

high-speed network have been estimated at 400 million hours, an economic

impact of 500 billion per year.

ENVIROMENTAL IMPACT

Travelling Tokyo-Osaka by Shinkansen produces only around 16%

of the carbon dioxide of the equivalent journey by car, a savings of 15,000

tons of CO2 per year.


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SHINKANSEN BULLET TRAIN OF

JAPAN ELECTRICITY

Because of the risk of earthquakes, earthquake warning system was

introduced in 1992. It enables automatic braking of bullet trains in the case

of large earthquakes. The Bullet train could be thought of as the worlds first high speed train.

Services started in 1964 with speeds at 210km/h or 131mph, the fastest

trains went at the time, and many countries still have no trains running at

this speed.

It was the success of bullet train which lead to WORLD taking interest inmaking trains go fast. Since then the trains have been going faster

andfaster.


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7.NEW CONCEPT DEVELOPED BY

CHINA

China non stop train


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CHINAS NON STOP TRAIN

This is a brilliant Chinese concept for non-stop train.

A mere 5 min stop per station will result in a total loss of 5 min x 30

stations or 2.5 hours.

So the basic idea revolves around how a fast moving train could be run

without stopping in any of the stations and yet commute passengers fromone station to the other.


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CHINAS NON STOP TRAIN While the train is still moving away from the station, those passengers will

board the train from the connector cabin mounted on the trains roof.

While the train is still moving away from the station, those passengers willboard the train from the connector cabin mounted on the trains roof.

So the train will always drop one connector cabin at the rear of its roof and

pick up a new connector cabin in the front part of the trains roof at each

station.


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WHERE INDIASTANDS?????


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INDIAN RAILWAY

Indian Railways has more than 64,015 kilometres (39,777 mi) of track and

6,909 stations.

It has the world's fourth largest railway network after that of the United

States, Russia and China.

The railways traverse the length and breadth of the country and carry over

20 million passengers and 2 million tons of freight daily.

It is one of the world's largest commercial or utility employers, with morethan 1.6 million employees.


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After years of being ridiculed because of its slow pace, and decades of

being compared to China, the Indian Railways has delivered a fat punch

to the critics.


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The fastest train in India is theBhopal Shatabdi, a Shatabdi

Express train, with a maximum speed of 160 km/h (100 mph)

and an average speed of 93 km/h (58 mph), excluding stops. TheDuronto Express trains introduced in 2009, runs without stop

between major cities, is projected the fastest train in India, when

new services are introduced with a higher speed limit of

130 km/h.

These trains are not comparable in speed to the Shinkansen of

Japan (and running in Taiwan), TGV of France, InterCityExpress

of Germany, the ETR 500 of Italy, the KTX of South Korea,

AVE of Spain, the Wuhan-Guangzhou_High-Speed_Railwaytrains in China, or the HS 1 of the UK


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Proposal to introduce 250-350 km/h

trains in India

The Indian ministry of Railways white-paper Vision 2020 submitted to

Indian parliament by Railway Minister Mamta Banerjee on December 18

2009 envisages the implementation of regional high-speed rail projects to

provide services at 250-350 km/h, and planning for corridors connecting

commercial, tourist and pilgrimage hubs.

Six corridors have already been identified for technical studies on setting

up of high-speed rail corridors: Delhi-Chandigarh-Amritsar, Pune-Mumbai-

Ahmedabad, Hyderabad-Dornakal-Vijayawada-Chennai, Howrah-Haldia,

Chennai-Bangalore-Coimbatore-Ernakulam, Delhi-Agra-Lucknow-

Varanasi-Patna.


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On the Indian front, the fastest train on the Mumbai Pune route

is the Deccan Queen that takes 3 hours 15 minutes.

The fastest train on the Mumbai Ahmedabad route, the

Shatabdi Expresss, takes 6 hours 45 minutes.

With the Indian bullet train operational, you could takeyour trip from Mumbai to Pune in just 20 mins and your

travel time from Ahmedabad to Mumbai would be just 120

mins.

NORMALLY IT TAKES 15 TO 25 HOURS FROM

MUMBAI TO DELHI, IF THE BULLET TRAINS ARE

BUILT, THAT DISTANCE CAN BE COVERED IN JUST

5 HOURS.


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CONCLUSION

This seminar carries detail about the latest technology inrailways.

This seminar also provide glimpse of how India will bebenefited if India modernize its railwayS.

Globalization has made world smaller and everythinghave become faster nowadays.

India is still lagging behind when it comes to modernrailway.

If India modernizes its railway lot of time can be savedand it will be very useful for the national development. Isincerely hope India does it quickly.


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THANK YOU

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Modern Railways

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