Date post: | 16-Jul-2015 |
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Basis of of dairy farming in Pakistan
• Ambition
• Landless
• Prestige
• Financial security
• Subsistence land holders
• Business
6
Current Status as Economic Survey of Pakistan 2006
Average milk yield/day • Cow 6.1 liters/day
• Buff 6.9 liters/day
Average yield/lactation • Cow 1800liters
• Buff 2000liters
7
6.1
33.1
7.3
29.6
0
10
20
30
40
Sahiwal
present
Potential
Sahiwal
Present
Buffalo
Potential
buffalo
Lit
ers
Genetic Improvement by Selection Productive Potential of Local Animals
Modern Trends in Dairy Production
5
10
15
20
25
40 50 60 70 80 90 00
Year
Co
ws
(m
illi
on
s)
1000
3000
5000
7000
9000
Milk
yie
ld (k
g/c
ow
)
MAJOR FODDER ISSUES
• Feed scarcity
• Feed quality
• Highly degraded grazing lands
• Erratic rainfall distribution
• Large number of livestock
• Limited understanding of farmers towards production and conservation of animal feed.
• Summer fodders give higher yield but low CP while winter fodders give lesser yield/acre but
High CP with low energy
Introduction of high yielding multi cut fodders
to cope with lean period
Introduction of new verities suitable for
grazing
Climatic change
IMPORTANCE OF FODDER
• Fodder for Animals:
• 1. The cheapest source of feed.
• 2. Fodder provides a variety of important nutrients.
• 3. Fodder provides animals their favourite feed, throughout the year.
• 4. Excessive fodder can be easily stored for seasons when there is a shortage of fodder.
TYPES OF FODDERS AVAILABLE
• God Almighty has blessed man with various kinds of fodders
according to the needs of the • animals in different seasons. For instance, wintertime fodders have
a higher protein content to help tolerate a cold climate; in the summertime fodders contain less protein to
• counter the ill effects of high temperatures. These fodders can be divided according to
• the productive age of the fodders and different seasons, as listed below:
• 1. Multicut / evergreen fodders • 2. Winter Fodders • 3. Summer Fodders
Options for Planting Fodder Crops to Reduce Feed Gap
1. Variety/hybrid
2. Dual purpose varieties
(fodder & seed)
4. Know-how of cereal-
legume mixtures.
Fodder Crops Yield at Farmer Field VS
Research Station
S.No Crop Farmer field
(t/ha)
Research
Station (t/ha)
Yield Gap
(t/ha)
1 Berseem 45 90 45
2 Lucerne 40 90 50
3 Oats 35 70 35
4 Maize 35 60 25
5 Jowar 40 60 20
6 Bajra 35 45 15
7 Sadabahar 45 65 20
8 Sudangrass 30 50 20
9 Guara 20 40 20
10 Cowpea 15 25 10
Average 34 60 26
MODERN APPROACH
• HAY PRODUCTION
• SILAGE PRODUCTION
• CE FODDER PRODUCTION
• FODDER TREES N FODDER BUSHES
36
Value Addition of Wheat Straw
• NARC Pakistan has suggested the following formula:
• Urea = 4kg
• Water = 50 liters
• Wheat straw = 100 kg
• Molasses = 15 %
• Mineral Mixture = 2 %