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1 A student carried out an experiment to investigate the combustion of candlein containers of different sizesasshown in Figure 3.1.

(a) State the variables involved in this experiment.

Manipulated variable:

esponding variable:

!ontrolled variable:

!ontainer "

#eginning $nd

!ontainer %

#eginning $nd

!ontainer &

#eginning $nd

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(b) #ased on Figure 3.1' record the time takenor the candle to burn in dierent containers.

Container Time taken for candle to burn (s)

"%

&

(c) #ased on the table in (b)' draw a bar chartto show the time taen or the candle to burn in dierentcontainers.

(d) #ased on the bar chart in (c)'what can be saidabout the time taen or the candles to burn*

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

(e) State one inferencerom the experiment.

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

() State the relationshipbetween the si,e o the container and the time taen orthe candle to burn.

10

20

30

2

40

Timetakenforc

andletoburn

(s)

Container

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FIGURE 8.1

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

(g) A student drilled some holes on a container as shown in Figure 3.-. Inwhich container will the candleburn the longest* Circlethe correct answer.

P Q R

3 A student carried out an experiment to stud the relationship between resistanceand current. /he below

igure shows the arrangement o apparatus or the experiment.

/he procedure o the experiment are as ollows:

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1 2

5 10

FIGURE 8.2

0tep 1: /he circuit is set up using a 1 resistor.

0tep -: /he switch is closed and the brightness o the bulb is observed. /he ammeter reading is recorded.

0tep 3: 0tep - is repeated with a - ' 2 and 1 resistor respectivel.(a) State the variablesin the experiment.

Manipulated variable: .

esponding variable: .

Fixed variable: .

(b) Figure 4.- shows the reading o the ammeter when dierent resistors are connected to the circuit.

CompleteTable !"b recording the readings o the ammeter as shown in Figure 4.-.

esistor () 1 - 2 1

eading o ammeter (A)

(c) State the relationshipbetween resistance and the current lowing through the circuit.

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Resistance

()

0

C

urrent(A)

0.

3

0.2

0.1

0.

4

0.

7

0.6

0.5

0.

8

1.0

0.9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++(d) 5sing /able 4.3' draw a line #rapho current against resistance.

(e) $hat can be saidabout current and resistance*

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++() #ased on the graph in (e)' predict the ammeter readin#when the resistance is 4 .

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

(g) State the relationshipbetween resistance and the brightness o the bulb.

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

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6. A student carried out an experiment to stud the eect o surface areaon the evaporation of water. /hree

e7uall damp ilter paper' 8' 9 and are let to dr under the same condition as shown in Figure 6.1. 8 is let unolded' 9 is olded into halves and is olded into 7uarters. /he time taen or the ilter paper to dr is

shown in the table below

%ilter Paper Time taken for filter paper to dr& (s)

8 -9 3-

62

a! State the variablesin this experiment.

Manipulated variable:..

esponding variable:..

!ontrolled variable:..

b! State the h&pothesisor the experiment.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

P Q R

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c. 5sing the table draw a bar chartto show the time taen or ilter paper 8' 9 and to dr.

(d) #ased on the bar chart in (c)'what can be saidabout the time taen or the ilter papers to dr*

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

(e) State one inferencerom the experiment.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

(f) State the relationshipbetween the surace area o the ilter paper and the time taen or the ilter paper to dr.

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

40

0

10

0

20

0

30

02

Timetakenforfilterpa

perto

dry(s)

50

0

Filter paper

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X !

(g) 2 m o water is poured into each o the three dierent containers' " % and & as shown in Figure 6.3. /he threecontainers are let under the sun.

(h) (i) In which containerwill the water evaporate the astest*

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

(ii) 'plainour answer in (g)(i).

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2. A student carried out an experiment to stud the eect o volume o li7uid on the amount o heat as shown in the

igure

F ; 4 44 ?4

; >4 4- 2?

< >4 @4 ? 6

(d) #ased on the /able 4.- plot a temperature versus time graph to show the eect o volume o li7uid on theamount o heat o the li7uid. or conical las F and ;.

(e) #ased on the line graph chart in (c) ' what can be said about the eect o volume o li7uid on the amount o

heat o the li7uid.

"e$%erat&re

'oC(

"i$e '$in(

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

100

01 2 3 4

Corni)a* +*a,-

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() #ased on the graph predict the temperature o li7uid in conical ; on the -2thminutes.

!onical las ; : ......................

(g) 0tate the relationship between the o volume o li7uid on the amount o heat o the li7uid.

..

.'.(h) #ased on /able 4.- and the graph in (c)' what is considered as the operational deinition or the amount o

heat B*

..

?. /he diagram below shows two cars with dierent colour are driven on hot da.

i) #ased on our observation in the diagram' state the dierence o hotness in car A and #.

.

ii) Chat inerence can be made based on !ar A and !ar #

.

...

iii) 0tate one hpothesis based on our observations in Diagram 4.1.

.'.'.'.

.

b) A student carried out an experiment to investigate the situation in Diagram 4.1.Diagram 4.- shows an

experiment to determine the colour o surace which aect the absorption o heat. Ater 12 minutes'the reading o

thermometers are observed and recorded.

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suhu

#lac Aluminium !olour o surace

d) 0tate the variable involved in this experiment.

Manipulated variable

esponding variable

!onstant variable

e) Ch is it advisable to wear a white colour clothes on a hot da*

) #ased on Diagram 4.-' state the operational deinition o absorption o heat.

..

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