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1
1 Diagram 1 shows the symbol for a chlorine atom.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan simbol atom klorin.
Diagram 1
Rajah 1
Which of the following is true based on the symbol in Diagram 1?
Antara berikut yang manakah benar berdasarkan simbol dalam Rajah 1?
Proton number Nucleon number Number of electrons
Nombor proton Nombor nukleon Bilangan elektron
A 17 37 17
B 17 ! 17
" ! 37 !
D 37 17 37
………………………………
……..………………………………
………
No of #roton $ no of electron
Bil proton = bil elektron
No of #roton% bil #roton $ &&&&..
No of electron/bil elektron = &&&..
Proton number nucleon number
Nombor proton nombor nukleon
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2
Diagram shows the set'u# of the a##aratus to determine the em#irical formula of
a metal o(ide.
Rajah menunjukkan susunan radas untuk menentukan formula empirik suatu
oksida logam.
Diagram
)a*ah
Which of the followingmetal o(ides is suitable to be used in Diagram ?
Antara oksida logam berikut! yang manakah sesuai digunakan dalam
Rajah ?
A +inc o(ide
"ink oksida
B ,agnesium o(ide
#agnesium oksida
" Aluminium o(ide
Aluminium oksida
- D "o##er//0 o(ide
$uprum%&&' oksida
Defination of em#irical formula (efinasi formula empirik)
*****************
*****************
*****************
****************..
2he reactiity series
+iri $ereaktifan
*****.
*****.
*****.
*****.
*****.
*****.
%,ydrogen'
*****.
*****.
*****.
*****.*****.
*****.
*****.
,etal o(ide
-ksida logam
4eat
anas
Dry
4ydrogen gas
as
,ydrogen
kering
Note:
4ydrogen does not react with more reactie
metal than it is.
,idrogen tidak dapat bertindak balas dengan
logam yang lebih reaktif daripadanya
Defination of molecular formula
(efinasi formula molekul)
***************************************
****************************......................................
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3
3 Butane in coo5ing gas burns to release carbon dio(ide. Both butane and carbon
dio(ide are
Butana yang terdapat dalam gas untuk memasak terbakar membebaskan gas karbon
dioksida. $edua0dua gas butana dan karbon dioksida adalah
A ionic com#ounds
sebatian ion
B organic com#ounds
sebatian organik
" coalent com#ounds
sebatian koalen
D hydrocarbon com#ounds
sebatian hidrokarbon
6ormula of% 2ormula bagi)
i0 Butane% Butana) &&&&&&&.
ii0 "arbon dio(ide% karbon dio5sida
&&&&&&&&&.
Defination of% (efinasi bagi)
i0 /onic com#ound%+ebatian ion
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&.
ii0 organic com#ounds% sebatian organik
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&.
iii0 coalent com#ound% sebatian koalen
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&.
i0 hydrocarbon com#ound / sebatian hidrokarbon
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&.
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4
Which of the following substances is an electrolyte?
Antara bahan berikut yang manakah elektrolit?
A Pure ethanol 3tanol tulen
B ,olten na#hthalene
Naftalena lebur
" 2etrachloromethane
4etraklorometana
D Dilute ethanoic acid
Asid etanoik cair
Defination for% definasi bagi)
8lectrolyte% 3lektrolit
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&...........................................................
8(am#les of electrolyte % contoh'contoh electrolit
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&....................................................................................................................................
8(am#les of non'electrolyte % contoh'contoh bu5a ele5trolit
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&....................................................................................................................................
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5
9 Which of the following is true of a wea5 acid?
Antara berikut yang manakah benar mengenai asid lemah?
A :nable to neutralise al5ali.4idak boleh meneutralkan alkali.
B 2he #4 alue is more than 7.
Nilai p, lebih besar daripada 5.
" Able to change red litmus #a#er to blue.
Boleh menukarkan 6arna kertas litmus merah kepada biru.
D /oni;es #artially in water to #roduce hydrogen ions.
#engion separa dalam air untuk menghasilkan ion hidrogen.
Defination for% definasi bagi)
Wea5 acid%asid lemah
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
Pro#erties of acid%+ifat0sifat asid)
1. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&.. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&.
3. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&.
. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&.
9. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&.
8(am#le of wea5 acid%
contoh0contoh asid lemah)
1. &&&&&&&&&&&&&
. &&&&&&&&&&&&&
Defination for% definasi bagi)
strong acid%asid kuat
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
#47 #4< #49 #4 #43 #4 #41 #413 #41 #411 #41! #4= #4>
concentration of 4 ions increases
$epekatan ion , 7 bertambah
concentration of @4 ions increases
kepekatan ion -, 0 bertambah
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6
< Which of the following #ro#erties does not show that an alloy is better than its #ure
metal form?
Antara sifat berikut yang manakah tida5 menun*u55an bahawa aloi adalah lebih bai5 daripada logam tulennya?
A 4arder
8ebih keras
B tronger
8ebih kuat
" ,ore ductile
8ebih mulur
D ,ore corrosion resistant
8ebih tahan kakisan
Defination for% definasi bagi)
alloy%aloi
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
Alloy/Aloi 9omposition/$omposisi :ses/$egunaan
1.teel%keluli &&&&&&&&&&. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
.tainless steel% keluli nirkarat &&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&.
3.Brass% 8oyang &&&&&&&&&&. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&.
.Bron;e% angsa &&&&&&&&&&. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&.
9.Duralumin &&&&&&&&&&. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&.
<.Pewter &&&&&&&&&&.. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&.
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7
7 2he eCuation below re#resents the reaction in the industrial #re#aration of ethanol.
ersamaan berikut me6akili tindak balas penyediaan etanol secara industri.
What is catalyst ?
Apakah mangkin ;?
A Platinum
latinum
B Phos#horic acid
Asid fosforik
" Aluminium o(ide
Aluminium oksida
D "oncentrated hydrochloric acid
Asid hidroklorik pekat
"atalyst #angkin ;
8tena
3tana
tim
<ap
8tanol
3tanol
"43"4@4
8thanol% 3tanol
"4 $ "4
8tena% 3tana
2he industrial #re#aration
4indak balas penyediaan etanol
Process% roses)
&&&&&&&&&.
"atalyst% #angkin)
&&&&&&&&&.
Process% roses)
&&&&&&&&&.
"atalyst% #angkin)
&&&&&&&&&.
2em#.% suhu
3!!!
"Pressure%4ekanan)
3!! atm
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8
> Which statement is true of both methanol and ethanol?
ernyataan yang manakah benar bagi kedua0dua metanol dan etanol?
A 2hey hae different functional grou#s.
$edua0duanya mempunyai kumpulan berfungsi yang berlainan
B All their #hysical #ro#erties are similar.
+emua sifat fiiknya sama.
" All their chemical #ro#erties are different.
+emua sifat kimianya berbea.
D 2hey can be re#resented by the same general formula.
$edua0duanya boleh di6akili oleh satu formula am yang sama.
4omologue series
Nama siri homolog
"hemical
#ro#erties%
+ifat kimia
6unctional
grou#s
$umpulan
berfungsi
Eeneral formula
2ormula am
Al5ene
alkena
Al5ane
alkana
Alcohol
alkohol
"arbo(ylic acid
asid karboksilik
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9
= Which of the following #airs of general formulae and homologue series is correct?
Antara formula am dan siri homolog berikut yang manakah dipadankan dengan
betul?
Eeneral formula 4omologue series
2ormula am Nama siri homolog
A " n4n al5ane%alkana
B " n4n al5ene%alkena
" "n4 n 1 @4 alcohol%alkohol
D " n4n1 "@@4 ester%ester
4omologue series
Nama siri homolog
Eeneral formula
2ormula am
Al5ene%alkena
Al5ane%alkana
Alcohol%alkohol
"arbo(ylic acid%
asid karboksilik 8ster%ester
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10
1! A hydrocarbon is a chemical com#ound consisting of ,idrokarbon adalah sebatian kimia yang terdiri daripada
A carbon and o(ygen only.
unsur karbon dan oksigen sahaja
B carbon and hydrogen only.
unsur karbon dan hidrogen sahaja.
" carbonF hydrogen and o(ygen only.
unsur karbon! hidrogen dan oksigen sahaja.
D carbonF hydrogenF o(ygen and nitrogen only
unsur karbon! hidrogen! oksigen dan nitrogen sahaja.
Defination for% definasi bagi)
hydrocarbon%hidrokarbon
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
8(am#les%"ontoh ...................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
..............................
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11
11 Below is the half eCuation of a reaction.
(i ba6ah adalah setengah persamaan bagi satu tindak balas.
2Br - Br2 + 2e
What is meant by o(idation reaction based on the eCuation?
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan tindak balas pengoksidaan berdasarkan
persamaan itu?
A 8lectrons are receied by bromine.
3lektron diterima oleh bromin.B 8lectrons are donated by bromine.
3lektron diderma oleh bromin.
" 8lectrons are receied by bromide ions.
3lektron diterima oleh ion bromida.
D 8lectrons are donated by bromide ions.
3lektron diderma oleh ion bromida.
Defination for% definasi bagi)
1. @(idation% engoksidaan
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
. )eduction% enurunan
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
3. Decribe half eCuation% erihalkan setengah persamaan
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&.
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12
1 Which of the following absorbs heat from the surroundings?
Antara berikut yang manakah menyerap haba dari persekitaran?
A Adding acid to al5ali.
#encampurkan asid kepada alkali.
B Adding concentrated acid to water.
#encampurkan asid pekat kepada air.
" Dissoling solid ammonium chloride in water.
#elarutkan pepejal ammonium klorida dalam air.
D Dissoling anhydrous co##er//0 sul#hate in water.
#elarutkan kuprum%&&' sulfat kontang dalam air.
)eaction % tindak balas
8nergy change% erubahan tenaga
Absorbs heat%
#enyerap haba
)elease heat%
bebaskan haba
Adding acid to al5ali.
#encampurkan asid kepada alkali.
Adding concentrated acid to water.
#encampurkan asid pekat kepada air.Dissoling solid ammonium chloride in water.
#elarutkan pepejal ammonium klorida dalam air.
Dissoling anhydrous co##er//0 sul#hate in water.
#elarutkan kuprum%&&' sulfat kontang dalam air.
Note% Nota 2he reaction that absorb heat will increase the tem#erature
4indak balas yang menyerap haba akan meningkatkan suhu
Defination for% definasi bagi)
8(othermic reaction% tindak balas eksotermik
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
8(am#les of e(othermic reaction%contoh tindak balas eksotermik)
1. **************.
. **************.
>. **************. **************
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13
13. Psychiatric #atients are always restless and normally e(#erience difficulties in
slee#ing. Which medicine is suitable to treat these #atients? esakit psikiatrik sentiasa resah dan biasanya mengalami masalah sukar untuk tidur.
:bat yang manakah sesuai digunakan untuk mera6at pesakit tersebut?
A As#irin
Aspirin
B "odeine
$odeina
" Barbiturate
Barbiturat
D tre#tomycin
+treptomisin
2y#e of modern medicine%
@enis ubat moden
8(am#les%
9ontoh0contoh
6unction%
2ungsi
Analgesics
Analgesik
Antibioticantibiotik
Psychothera#eutic psikoteraputi
k
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14
6igure 3 shows a model of an atom Rajah > menunjukkan model satu atom .
14. Which of the following is true of the atomic model?
Antara berikut yang manakah benar mengenai model atom ini?
/ Pro#osed by Neils Bohr
(ikemukakan oleh Neils Bohr.
// Was built based on the e(istence of the neutron
(ibina berasaskan ke6ujudan neutron.
/// hows that electrons moe in shells around the nucleus
#enunjukkan elektron bergerak dalam orbit mengelilingi nucleus
. /G Discoered through the bombardment e(#eriment of al#ha #articles
on gold foil.
(itemui melalui eksperimen bedilan arah alfa ke atas kerajang emas.
A / and /// only / & dan &&& sahaja
B // and // only% && dan & sahaja
C /F// and /// only / &! && dan &&& sahaja
D /F//F/// and /G % &! &&! &&& dan &
Characteristic/ Ciri-Ciri ,odel
Bohr
,odel
"hadwic5
,odel
)utherford
8lectron moe around nucleus in
fi(ed shells% 3lektron beredarmengelilingi nukleus padaorbit/petala yang tetap.
Neutrons is found / Neutron ditemui.
Protons found during gold foile(#eriment by bombardments al#ha
#article % proton pada nukleus dikesanmelalui eksperimen keranjang emas
dengan membedil arah alpha
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15
15 6igure shows the set'u# of a##aratus in an e(#eriment to determine the
em#irical formula of an o(ide of lead
. Rajah menunjukkan susunan radas satu eksperimen untuk menentukan
formula empiric oksida plumbum. Antara berikut yang manakah merupakan
kesilapan pemasangan radas bagi eksperimen ini?
"orong tisel
D/AE)A, % RA@A,
/ No Bunsen burner 4iada penunu Bunsen
// 6i(ing of the cor5 emasangan gabus
/// Position of the thistle funnel $edudukan corong tisel
/G Position of the deliery tube $edudukan salur penghantar
A / and /// only % & dan &&& sahajaB // and /G only % && dan & sahaja" /F// and /// only % &! && dan &&& sahajaD /F/// and /G only / &! &&& dan & sahaja
A##aratus%
Radas
6unctions% Berfungsi
Hes% Ada No% 4idak
Bunsen burner%
Penunu Bunsen
to# car5% Eabus
2hisel funnel%
"orong 2isel
Deliering tube%
alur Penghantar
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16
1<. 2hat are the #roducts of the reaction between ethanoic acid and sodium
carbonate?
Apakah hasil tindak balas antara asid etanoik dengan natrium karbonat?
/ Water Air
// 8thyl ethanoate 3til etanoat
/// "arbon dio(ide $arbon dioksida
/G odium ethanoate Natrium etanoat
A / and /// only % & dan &&& sahaja
B // and /G only % && dan & sahaja" /F// and /// only % &! && dan &&& sahaja
D /F/// and /G only % &! &&& dan & sahaja
"43"@@4 Na "@3 IIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIII
Asid etanoik 7 natrium karbonat IIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIII
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17
16 Antara #asangan bahan yang diwa5ili oleh formula beri5utF yang mana5ah boleh bertinda5 balas?
<hich pair of substances represented by the follo6ing formulae
6ould result a reaction?
/ 4"1 aC0 J@4. aC0
// 4N@3 . aC0 [email protected]
/// 4@. aC0. "u@ aC0
/G "4F3"@@4aC0 . Na@4 . aC0
A / and /G only % & dan & sahajaB // and /// only % && dan &&& sahaja
" /F // and /G only % &!&& dan & sahaja
D /F //F / // and /G% &!&&!&&& dan &
Neutrali;ation reaction inole reaction between acid and base to #roduce salt and water.
4indak balas penutralan melibat tindakbalas asid bes untuk menghasilkan garam dan air.
18
<hich of the follo6ing can be used to determine the rate of a reaction?
Antara beri5ut yang mana5ah da#at menentu5an 5adar tinda5 balas?
/ )elease of gas #er unit time
embebasan gas per unit masa
// "hange of colour intensity #er unit time erubahan keamatan 6arna per unit masa
Reactants/ Bahan Tindak balas Products/ Hasil Tindak balas
4"l aC0 J@4aC0
4N@3 aC0 NaN@3 aC0
4@ aC0. "u@ aC0
"4F3"@@4 aC0 . Na@4 aC0
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18
/// 6ormation of #reci#itate #er unit time
embentukan mendakan per unit masa
/G /ncrease in the mass of reactant #er unit time
enambahan jisim bahan tindak balas per
unit masa
A / and // only / & dan && sahaja
B /// and /G only % &&& and & only
C /F// and /// only % &! && dan &&& sahaja
D //F/// and /G only % && ! &&& dan & sahaja
19 Which of the following are o(idi;ing agents?
Definition rate of reaction % (efinisi kadar tindak).
……………………………………………………………….……………………….............................................
................................................................................................................
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19
Antara berikut yang manakah agen pengoksidaan? Agen pengoksidaan ialah bahan bertambah nombor pengoksidaannya.
Note% Nota Agen #enurunan adalah bahan yang ber5urang nombor #engo5sidaannya
Reactant/ Bahan Tindak balasOxidation reAent /
Agen Pengoksidaan
Red!sin aent/
Aen "en!r!nan
+in5 ,etal% 8ogam "ink
+in5 +n e
Bromine ,etal% Air Bromin!
Br e Br '
Jalium iodide% $alium iodida
/ ' /
Acidified Jalium ,anganateG//0
% $alium #anganat%&&' berasid!
,n@' > 4 9e ,n 4@
2#. 6igure 9 shows test tubes and HF used in an e(#eriment to inestigate
the effects of magnesium and co##er on the rusting of iron
Rajah menunjukkan tabung uji ; dan C yang digunakan dalam eksperimen
untuk mengkaji kesan magnesium dan kuprum ke atas pengaratan besi.
/ +inc
"ink
// Bromine water Air bromine
/// Potassium iodide solution
8arutan kalium iodide
/G Acidified #otassium manganateG//0
solution A
8arutan kalium manganat%&&'
berasid
A / and /// only / & dan &&& sahaja
B // and /G only % && dan & sahaja
C /F// and /// saha*a % &! && dan &&& sahaja
D /F// and /G only % &! && dan & sahaja
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20
2est tube % 2abung u*i 2est tube H %2abung u*i H
D/AE)A, 9 % RA@A,
Which of the following are true of the e(#eriment?
Antara berikut yang manakah benar mengenai eksperimen itu?
/ Phenol#hthalein solution in both test'tubes is to detect the #resence
of hydro(ide ions.
8arutan fenolftalein di dalam kedua0dua tabung uji berfungsi untukmengesan kehadiran ion hidroksida .
// 2he hot agar solution in both test'tubes is to ensure the #resence ofo(ygen in the mi(ture.
8arutan agar0agar panas di dalam kedua0dua tabung uji berfungsiuntuk memastikan kehadiran oksigen dalam campuran.
/// Potassium he(acyanoferrate///0 solution in test tube is to detect thecorrosion of magnesium.
8arutan kalium heksasianoferat%&&&' di dalam tabung uji ; berfungsiuntuk mengesan kakisan magnesium.
/G Potassium he(acyanoferrate///0 solution in test tube H is to detect the #resence of ferrum//0 ions. 8arutan kalium heksasianoferat%&&&' di dalam tabung uji C berfungsi
untuk mengesan kehadiran ion ferum%&&'.
A / and /G only % & dan & sahaja
B // and /// only % && dan &&& sahaja
" /F///F/G only / &! &&& dan & sahaja
D /F//F /// and /G only % &! &&! &&& dan &
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21
Which of the following statements is true? Antara pernyataan berikut yang manakah benar?
1. 6igure < shows the cooling cure for gas x 2em#erature /$c
Rajah D menunjukkan lengkung penyejukan bagi gas ;. +uhu /E9
olution% 8arutan 6unctions% 2ungsi
Phenoltalein% 2enolftalein
4ot *elly% Agar0agar panas
Jalium he(cyanoferratelll0%
$alium heksasianoferat%&&&'
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22
A 6rom ! to tF heat energy is absorbed
(ari F hingga t! tenaga haba diserap.
B. 6rom t to t forces between #articles are oercome
(ari t t hingga t daya tarikan antara arah diatasi.
". 6rom t to tF the 5inetic energy of #articles increased. (ari t. ! hingga t > tenaga kinetik arah bertambah.
D. 6rom t3 to t the heat energy released is eCual to the heat energy
lost to the surroundings.
(ari t > hingga t tenaga haba yang dibebaskan sama dengan
tenaga haba yang hilang ke persekitaran .
22. ul#hide and chloride ions hae the same number ofKProton Number F 1<L "/F 17M
&on sulfida dan ion klorida mempunyai sama bilanganGNombor proton) +. 1DH 9& F 17M
A charge
cas
B electrons
elektron" neutrons
neutron
D #rotons
proton
"ooling 2imes% #asa enyejukan
4eat 8nergy %4enaga ,aba
6orceses of attraction %
(aya 4arikan
Jinetic8nergy %4enaga
$inetik
Dari ! hingga t1
Dari t1 hingga t
Dari t.F hingga t3
Dari t3 hingga t
/on details%
#aklumat &on
ul#hide
ions% &on
+ulfida
"hloride /ons% &on
klorida
"harge% 9as
8lectrons% 3lektron
Protons % roton
Neutrons% Neutron
Nucleons No.%
No. Nukleon 3 39.9
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23
2%. 8lement H is below #otassium in the same grou# in the Periodic 2able.
Determine the formula of the #roduct and the reactiity of H with
chlorine com#ared to the reaction of #otassium with chlorine
:nsur C berada di ba6ah kalium dalam kumpulan yang sama pada
@adual Berkala.
4entukan formula hasil dan kereaktifan tindak balas C dengan klorin
berbanding tindak balas antara kalium dengan klorin.
6ormula of the #roduct
2ormula bagi hasil tindak
balas
)eactiity
Jerea5tifan
A H"l ess reactie
B H"l ,ore reactie
9 H"l ess reactie
( H"l ,ore reactie
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24
2able 1 shows the melting #oints and ty#es of #article of four substances
@adual 1 menunjukkan takat lebur dan jenis arah empat bahan
olid substances
Bahan pepejal
,elting #oint
4akat lebur F9
2y#es of #article
@enis arah
E
O
,
>!
3!
7>!
3!!!
,ole5ul
/on
/on
Atom
,elting #oint is
4akat lebur adalah)
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
Jalium metal is in grou# &&. al5aline metal. /t charge is &&.
"hlorine is in grou# &&.. /t "harge is &&..
2he ame member of the grou# can result same number of charge.
$alium adalah kumpulan **... cas ionnya **..
$lorin adalah kumpulan **... cas ionnya **..
$umpulan +ama mempunyai ion cas yang sama.
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25
Based on 2able 1F which solid substance becomes an electrolyte when it is heated to
a tem#erature of 39!"?
Berdasarkan @adual 1 bahan pepejal manakah menjadi elektrolit apabila dipanaskan
sehingga suhu 39!o
" ?A. E
B. O
".
D. ,
9. 6igure 7 shows the set u# of a##aratus for the for the electrolysis of ferrum //0
sul#hate solution
Rajah 5 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi elektrolisis larutan ferum%&&' sulfat
Definitions of electrolysis
(efinisi elektrolisis
******************************
******************************
******************************
Definition of electrolyte
(efinisi elektrolit
0000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000
ble 1
dual 1
ubstances Bahan
Physical state at
39!!
" $eadaan fiik
ada >FF 9
8lectrolyte
3lektrolit
Ha 2ida5
E
O
,
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26
What is formed at carbon electrode ?
Apakah yang terbentuk di elektrod karbon ;?
A. 6errum
2erum
B. @(ygen
-ksigen
C. ul#hur dio(ide
+ulfur dioksida
D. 4ydrogen gas
as hidrogen
Arrangment of atoms
+usunan atom )
Atoms in alloy are arranged in IIIIIIIIIIIIIclose and orderlymanner%close and not in orderly manner0
atom dalam aloi adalah tersusun secara IIIIIIIIIIII%rapat dan teratur
/ rapat dan tidak teratur'.
/ons #resent
$ehadiran ion
"ations
kation ) IIIIIIIII
Anions
anion IIIIIIIIII
&C' /'&(
Cation/ Anion/
Kation Anion
'''''' ''''''''
'''''' '''''''
'''''' '''''''
'''''' '''''''
'''''' ''''''
'''''' '''''''
'''''' &&
'''''' &&..
''''''
''''''
''''''
''''''
&&.
&&.
/ons discharged &on dinyahcas
IIIIIIIIIII
4 alf eCuation+etengah persamaan
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
/ons discharged
&on dinyahcas
IIIIIIIIIIIIII
4 alf eCuation+etengah persamaan
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
8lectrode 3lektrod ;)
''''''''''5atodFanod0
8lectrode H 3lektrod C)
IIIIIII%katod!anod''
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27
<. Which of the following shows the arrangement of atoms in an alloy?
Antara berikut yang manakah menunjukkan susunan atom dalam suatu aloi?
6actors affecting rate of reaction 2aktor mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas 8(#lanation ,uraian
Defnition o alloy (efinisi aloi
------------------------------
-
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28
7. 2he eCuation below shows a reaction to #roduce hydrogen gas
ersamaan di ba6ah menunjukkan tindak balas untuk menghasilkan gas hidrogen
Which of the following would increase the rate of #roduction of hydrogen gas?
Antara berikut yang manakah akan meningkatkan penghasilan kadar tindak balas gas hydrogen?
A. /ncrease the time of reactant
#enambah masa tindak balas
B. /ncrease the olume of acid
#enambah isipadu asid
9. &ncrease the sie of granulated inc
#enambah sai ketulan ink
D. /ncrease the tem#erature of the mi(ture
#eningkatkan suhu campuran
>. Below is an ionic eCuation
(iba6ah ialah suatu persamaan ion
#0 Ha50
a50 H#0
2)C* + n nC*2 + )2
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29
Which of the following is true of the eCuation?
Antara berikut yang manakah benar mengenai persamaan
itu?
A. H is o(idi;ed
C dioksidakanB. is an o(idi;ing agent
; adalah agen pengoksidaan". is a reducing agent
; adalah agen penurunanD. donates electrons to H
; menderma elektron
H H
@(idation number
Nombor pengoksidaan
Process
roses
Agent
Agen
4alf eCuation
+etengah persamaan ''''' H '''''' H
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30
'97 5O mol '1
4@ l0
6igure >
Rajah J
Based on 6igure >F it can be concluded that
Berdasarkan Rajah J! boleh disimpulkan baha6a
=. ,e%+ ions in so*!tion can e conerted to ,e 2+ ions by
adding in0 oder.Which of the following can
re#lace ;in5 #owder in this reaction?
8arutan ion 2e >7 boleh ditukarkan kepada ion 2e7
dengan mencampurkan serbuk ink.Antara berikut
yang manakah dapat menggantikan serbuk ink dalam
tindak balas ini?
A. Bromine water
Air bromin
B. Potaassium iodide solution
8arutan kalium iodida
". Potassium he(acyanoferrate//0 solution
8arutan kalium heksasianoferat%&&'
D. Acidified #otassium manganateG//0 solution
8arutan kalium manganat%&&' berasid
6unction of ;in5 #owder%
fungsi serbu5 ;in5?
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
IIIIIIIIIIII
&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&
6e 3 to 6e % 6e 3
5e#ada 6e
4alf eCuation%
#ersamaan setengah
''''''''''''''''''''''''''
Process%#roses''''''''''''''''''''''''''
30. 6igure > shows an energy leel diagram.
Rajah J menunjukkan satu gambar rajah aras tenaga
8nergy @4' aC0 4 aC0
'97 5O mol '1
4@ l0
6igure >
Rajah J
Based on 6igure >F it can be concluded that
Berdasarkan Rajah J! boleh disimpulkan baha6a
A. the heat of neutrali;ation is '97 5O mol '1.
,aba peneutralan ialah 05 k@ mol 01.
B. 97 5O of energy is needed for the reaction
5 k@ tenaga diperlukan untuk tindak balas ini.
". the #roduct of reaction contain more energy than the
reactants
,asil tindak balas mengandungi lebih banyak tenagadaripada bahan tindak balas
D the tem#erature at the end of the reaction is lower than
that at the beginning of the reaction.
+uhu pada akhir tindak balas lebih rendah daripada
suhu a6al tindak balas.
/nformation from
energy leel
diagram with e
sign alue%
maklumat
daripada gambarrajah aras tenaga
dengan nilai 0e)
&&&&&&&
&&....................
&&&&&&&
/nformations from diagram
#aklumat daripada rajah
Answer
@a6apan
2y#e of reaction
Oenis tinda5 balas
Nilai tenaga
8nergy alue
Perubahan haba
4eat change
Perubahan suhu
2em#erature change
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31
31. 6igure = shows the structure of a soa ion.
Rajah K menunjukkan struktur ion sabun.
"@@ '
Part Part H
Bahagian ; Bahagian C
6/E:)8 =
RA@A, K
Based on 6igure =F which of the following statement is true?
Berdasarkan Rajah K! pernyataan manakah betul?A. Part and H are soluble in water.
Bahagian ; dan C terlarutkan dalam air
B. Part and H are soluble in grease.
Bahagian ; dan C terlarutkan dalam gris.
". Part soluble is in grease and #art H is soluble in
water.
Bahagian ; terlarutkan dalam gris dan bahagian C
terlarutkan dalam air.
D. Part soluble is in water and #art H is soluble in
grease.
Bahagian ; terlarutkan dalam air dan bahagian C
Part tail0 is called%
bahagian ;
dipanggil .........................and
dissole in% dan larut dalam
...........................................
Part H head0 is called%
bahagian ; dipanggil
...........................................
and dissole in% dan larut
dalam ..........................
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32
32. 2able shows the #roton number of elements P and Q.
Oadual menun*u55an nombor #roton bagi unsur P dan Q
8lement
unsur
Proton Number
Nombor #roton
P
Q
%
11
2AB8
@A(:A8
Which of the following statements are true of the elements in
2able ? #anakah antara pernyataan berikut adalah benar mengenai
unsur dalam @adual ?
/ Q is more reactie than P.
L lebih reaktif daripada .
// 2he atomic si;e of Q is bigger than P.
+ai atom L lebih besar daripada .
/// Both element P and Q can conduct electricity.
$edua0dua unsur dan L boleh mengkonduksikan elektrik
/G P and Q are in the same grou# in the Periodic 2able
dan L berada dalam kumpulan yang sama dalam @adual
Berkala.
A / and // only
& dan && sahaja
B / and /G only
& dan &sahaja
" //F /// and /G only
&&!&&& dan & sahaja
D /F//F /// and /G
&!&&!&&& dan &
8lectron arrangement
of % susunan electron bagi
P'''''''''''''
Q'''''''''''
Number of alens
electron%bilangan electron
alens)
P'''''''''''''''Q'''''''''''''
Erou#% kumpulan
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
Name of grou#%nama
kumpulan
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
8lectrical
conductiity%kekonduksian
elektrik '''''''''''''yes%no0
Number of shells occu#ied
with
electron%bilanganpetala
berisi elektron
P'''''''''''''''
Q'''''''''''''
* when the number of shell
increases the reactiity of
element increases% jika
bilangan petala bertambah
maka kereaktifan unsur
bertambah.
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33
suss
33. 2able 3 shows the results of an e(#eriment for three chemical cells.
@adual > menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen bagi tiga sel kimia.
"hemical
"ell
+el kimia
,etal #airs
asangan
logam
Negatie
terminal
4erminal
negatif
Ce** o*tae%G
oltan sel /
P and )
dan R
) 1.=
H ) and
R dan +
!.>
+ Q and )
L dan R
) !.3
2AB8 3
@A(:A8 >
Which of the following can be deducted from 2able 3?
Antara berikut yang manakah boleh disimpulkan dari @adual >?
/ 2he cell oltage is 1.< G when P and Q are used as electrodes.
oltan sel adalah 1.D apabila dan L digunakan sebagai
elektrod.
// 2he cell oltage is 1.1 G when P and are used as electrode.
oltan sel adalah 1.1 apabila dan + digunakan sebagai
elektrod./// 8lectrons flow from terminal Q to terminal in the metal #air Q and
3lektron mengalir dari terminal L ke terminal + dalam pasangan
logam L dan +.
/G P functions as a #ositie terminal when it is #airs with QF ) or in a
cell.
berfungsi sebagai terminal positif apabila ia dipasangkan dengan
L! R atau + .
A / and /G only
& dan & sahaja
B // and /// only
&& dan &&& sahaja
" /F // and /// only
&!&& dan &&& sahaja
D /F//F /// and /G
&!&&!&&& dan &
Arrange PQ) metals in
8"% +usun logam
LR+ dalam 39+
0.8V
1.6V
1.9V
0.3V
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34
3. 2he information about two solutions is as follows
#aklumat mengenai dua larutan adalah seperti berikut)
Which of the following statements are true based on the information?
Antara pernyataan berikut yang manakah benar berdasarkan maklumat di
atas?
/ ACueous ammonia is a wea5er al5ali than barium hydro(ide solution. Ammonia akueus adalah alkali yang lebih lemah daripada larutan
barium hidroksida
// 2he ) a*!e o3 ari! hdroxide solution is higher than aCueous
aonia.
Nilai p, bagi larutan barium hidroksida lebih tinggi daripada
ammonia akueus.
/// 2he degree of dissociation of barium hydro(ide in water is higher
than in ammonia.
(arjah penceraian barium hidroksida dalam air lebih tinggidaripada ammonia.
/G the concentration of @4' ions in barium hydro(ide solution is higher
than in aCueous ammonia.
$epekatan ion -, 0 dalam larutan barium hidroksidalebih tinggi
daripada ammonia akueus
A / and /// only
& dan &&& sahaja
B /// and /G only
&&& dan & sahaja
" /F // and /// only
&!&& dan &&& sahaja
D /F//F /// and /G
&!&&!&&& dan &
"oncentration of ari! hdroxide solution $ !.9 mol dm '3
"oncentration of a6!eo!s aonia $ !.9 mol dm '3
$epekatan larutan barium hidroksida = F. mol dm 0>
$epekatan ammonia akueus = F. mol dm 0>
Eie a definition
of strong andwea5 al5ali.
/dentify the
strong and wea5
al5ali
---------------------
---------------------
---------------------
---------------------
---------------------
)elate the
concentration of
@4'and #4
alue of al5ali
solution.
---------------------
---------------------
---------------------
---------------------
------------
! acid 7 al5ali 1
"oncentration of 4 ion increase "oncentration of @4' ion increase
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35
39. An eCuation of a reaction is as follows
Berikut adalah satu persamaan bagi tindak balas)
/n the reaction re#resented by the eCuation aboeF it was found
that the changeof colour from green to brown was 3aster hen the
reactant ixt!re as heated.
2his was due to the
(alam tindak balas yang di6akili oleh persamaan di atas didapati
perubahan 6arna hijau kepada perang adalah lebih cepat apabilacampuran bahan tindak balas dipanaskan. &ni disebabkan
/ decrease in the actiation energy
4enaga pengaktian direndahkan
// increase in the freCuency of effectie collision
2rekuensi perlanggaran berkesan bertambah
/// increase in the 5inetic energy of ferrum//0 ion and chlorine
molecules.
4enaga kinetik bagi ion ferum%&&' dan molekul klorin
bertambah.
/G increase in the freCuency of collision between ferrum//0
ions and chlorine molecules.
2rekuensi perlanggaran antara ion ferum%&&' dengan
molekul klorin bertambah.
A / and // only
& dan && sahaja
B // and /// only
&& dan &&& sahaja
" /F /// and /G only
&!&&& dan & sahaja
D //F /// and /G only
&&!&&& dan & sahaja
6e "l 6e 3 "l'
Ereen Brown
factor that affect the
rate of reaction% factor yang mempengaaruhi
kadar tindak balas
--------------------------
--------------------------
--------------------------
------------
8(#lain using collisiontheory % 4erangkan
menggunakan teori
perlanggaran)
---------------------------
---------------------------
---------------------------
---------------
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36
,eaning of isomer%maksud isomer)
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
3<. Which of the following are isoers of !tene?
Antara berikut! yang manakah isomer bagi butena?
A. / and /// only
& dan &&& sahaja
B. // and /G only
&& dan & sahaja
". /F //F and /// only
&! &&! dan &&& sahaja
D. /F //F /// and /G
&! &&! &&& dan &
6unctionalgrou#%kumpulan
berfungsi
,olecularformula%
formula
molekul
Number of carbon%bilangan
karbon
Number of hydrogen%bilangan
hidrogen
6unctional
grou#%kumpulan
berfungsi
,olecular
formula% formula
molekul
Number
ofcarbonatom%bilangan
atom
karbon
Number
ofhydrogenatom%bilangan
atom
hidrogen
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37
37. 2he eCuation below re#resents the reaction to e(tract
aluminium from aluminium o(ide
ersamaan di ba6ah me6akili tindak balas untuk
mengekstrak aluminium daripada aluminium oMide.
What is the mass of aluminium that can be e(tracted from
1#2 o3 a*!ini! oxide?
Berapakah jisim aluminium yang boleh diekstrakkan
daripada 102g aluminium oksida?
K)elatie atomic mass % @isim atom relatif @F1<L AlF7M
A. 13.9 g
B. 7.! g
". 9.! g
D. 1!>.! g
'7&" 1:
Describe the chemical eCuation / huraikan persamaan kimia
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
'7&" 2:
"alculate the relatie
molecular mass of
aluminium o(ide / kira
jisim molecular relatf bagi
aluminium oksida
'7&" %:
"alculate the number of
mole of aluminium o(ide%
kira bilangan mol
aluminium oksida
'7&" 4:
)atio of mole between aluminium o(ide with
aluminium %nisbah mol antara aluminium oksida dengan
aluminium.
Al@3 Al
6rom 8Cuation% daripada
persamaan mol mol
6rom calculation % daripada
pengiraan &&&.. &&&
'7&" 5:
"alculate the mass of aluminium
/$ira jisim aluminium
Al@3 Al 3@
'7&" 1:
Describe the chemical eCuation / huraikan persamaan kimia
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
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38
3>.
2he eCuation aboe show the action of heat on the carbonate salt of
metal . 4ow an o*es o3 CO%are needed to #roduce 4.# o3
oxide ?
ersamaan di atas menunjukkan tindakan haba ke atas garam
karbonat logam ;. Berapakah bilangan mol XC! yang diperlukan
untuk menghasilkan "#0 g oksida X ?
K)elatie atomic mass % Oisim atom relatif "F 1L @F 1<L F <M
A. !.!3B. !.!9
". !.!>
D. !.!=
%9. /n the Periodic 2ableF H is below + in the sae ro!. /f the roton
n!er o3 ato is 12F what is the e*ectron con3i!ration for atom
H?
(alam @adual Berkala! C berada di ba6ah " dalam kum$ulan %ang
sama. @ikanombor $roton atom & ialah 12 ! apakah susunan electron
bagi atom C?
A. .>.
B. .>.<
". .>.>.
D. .>.>.<
"@3 @ "@
'7&" 2:
"alculate the relatie
molecular mass of o(ide %
kira jisim molecular relatf
bagi oksida ;
'7&" %:
"alculate the number of
mole of o(ide % kira
bilangan mol oksida ; ?
8lement in the sama grou# hae &&&& alence electron %
:nsur dalam 5um#ulan yang sama mem#unyai bilangan electron alans yang &&&
'7&" 4:
)atio of mole between aluminium o(ide with
aluminium %nisbah mol antara aluminium oksida dengan
aluminium.
@ "@3
6rom 8Cuation% daripada
persamaan 1 mol 1 mol
6rom calculation % daripada
pengiraan &&&.. &&&
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39
4#. 2he e*ectron con3i!ration o3 ato & is 2.8. and atom
E has 3o!r a*ence e*ectrons. What is the 3or!*a o3
the coo!nd formed between 8 and E?
'usunan electron bagi atom ( ialah .J.5 dan atom
mempunyai em$at elektron )alens# Apakah *ormula
sebatian yang terbentuk Antara 3 dengan ?
A. E8
B. E8
". E8D. E8
2he electron configuration for atom + +usunan electron bagi atom ")
Number of #roton $number of
electron % bilangan proton =
bilangan elektron
Number of #roton / Bilangan proton
$ &&&&
Number of electron / bilangan
electron $ &&&&
Ato &
Atom 8 is &&&&. metal %non metal0
Atom 3 adalah ***.. %logam / bukan
logam'
Galence electron $ &&&&..
3lektron alens = ****.
Number of electron to archie octet
arrangement &&&..
Bilangan elektron untuk mencapai
susunan oktet) **
Ato
Atom E is &&&&. metal %non metal0
Atom adalah ***.. %logam / bukan
logam'
Galence electron $ &&&&..
3lektron alens = ****.
Number of electron to archie octet
arrangement &&&..
Bilangan elektron untuk mencapai
susunan oktet) **
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40
41. ul#huric acid used as an electrolyte in a car battery has a concentrationof
!.9 mol dm'3.
4ow many o*esof sul#huric acid is there in 1!!cm3?
Asid sulfurik yang di gunakan sebagai elektrolit di dalam sebuah bateri
kereta mempunyai kepekatan F. mol dm0>.
Berapakah bilangan mol bagi 1FF cm> asid sulfurik itu?
A. !.!9
B. !.!9
". !.1
D. !.9
&& number of atom 0 atom 8 &&.. share %receie % donate0 && number of electron0
electron with && number of atom 0 atom E.
** %bilangan atom ' atom 3 **.. %kongsi/ terima/derma' *** %bilangan elektron'
elektron dengan *..* %bilangan atom ' atom .
Dra/ lukiskan.
"alculation base on the formula gien % pengiraan berdasarkan formula yang
diberi
n$ ,G
1!!!
n$ number of mole %bilangan mol $ &&&&.
, $ molarity%molarity $ &&& mol dm3
G $ olume % isipadu $ &&& cm3
Ca*c!*ation/ $engiraan
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41
42. 6igure 1! show the set'u# of a##aratus for the titration o3
otassi! hdroxide so*!tion ith s!*h!ric acid.
Rajah 1F menunjukkan susunan radas bagi $roses $entitratan
larutan kalium hidroksida dengan asid sul*urik.
What is the total olume of the mi(ture in the conical flas5 at the
end oint of the titration in figure 1!?
Berapakah jumlah isi padu campuran di dalam kelalang kon pada
takat akhir pentitratan dalam Rajah 1F?
A. 1! cm3
B. ! cm3
". 3! cm3
D. ! cm3
Asid sulfurik
F.1 mol dm0>
F cm>larutan kalium
hidroksida F.1 mol dm0>
dan penunjuk fenolftalein
% Rajah 1F
'7&" 1:Write the balance eCuation% tulis persamaan seimbang
'7&" 2:Describe the chemical eCuation% huraikan persamaan kimia
'7&" % :
"alculate the number
mole of #otassium
hydro(ide% kira
bilangan mol kalium
hidroksida
'7&" 5: "alculate the
olume % kira isipadu
'7&" ;: total olume %
jumlah isipadu
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42
4%. tainless steel used to ma5e surgical scal#els contains 71.9R ferrumF
1>.!R chromiumF >.!R nic5elF and .9R other elements.
/f the mass of a surgical scal#el is <!.! gF what is the mass of ferrum in
it?
$eluli nirkarat yang digunakan untuk membuat pisau pembedahan
mengandungi 51. ferum! 1J.F kromium! J.F nikel! dan
.unsur0unsur lain. @ika jisim suatu pisau pembedahan ialah DF.F g! berapakah jisim ferum
di dalamnya?
A. .> g
B. 1!.> g
". .= g
D. 71.9 g
'7&" 4:
)atio of mole #otassium hydro(ide with sul#huric acid %nisbah mol
antara kalium hidroksida dengan asid sulfurik..
J@4 4@
6rom 8Cuation% daripada
persamaan mol mol
6rom calculation % daripada
pengiraan &&&.. &&&
Percentage of ferrum % peratus ferum &&&.
total mass of surgical scal#el / jumlah jisim pisau pembedahan.) &&&&
mass of ferrum / jisim ferum ) &&&..
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43
44. 2able show the total olume of gas collected at regular interals in a
reaction. @adual menunjukkan jumlah isi padu gas yang terkumpul pada sela masa
tertentu dalam suatu tindak balas.
,asa%s
2ime%s
! 3! <! =! 1! 19! 1>! 1!
Golume of gas %cm3
/si #adu gas %cm3
! .! 3.7 9. <. 7.3 >.< >.<
What is the aerae rate o3 reaction in the second in!te?
Berapakah kadar tindak balas $uratadalam minit kedua?
A. !.!! cm3s '1
B. !.!9 cm3s '1
". !.!93 cm3s '1
D. !.!< cm3s '1
,eaning of aerage rate of reaction% maksud kadar tindak balas purata
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
Golume at second minute% isipadu pada minit ke
dua &&&
Golume at first minute% isipadu pada minit
pertama &.&&
Differences of olume % perbeaan isipadu
&&&
time at second minute% masa pada minit ke dua
&&&
time at first minute% masa pada minit pertama
&.&&
Differences of time % perbeaan masa &&..&
Aerage rate of reaction in the second minute
/kadar tindakbalas purata dalam minit kedua)
$ Differences of olume % perbeaan isipadu
Differences of time % perbeaan masa
=
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44
45. Which of the followinghdrocarons is most suitable to be used as coo0in
as?
Antara hidrokarbon berikut! yang manakah paling sesuai digunakan sebagai
gas memasak ?
K)elatie atomic mass % @isim atom relatif 4F 1L "F 1M
A. "34<
B. "4>
". "41!
D. "<4<
,eaning of hydrocarbon % ma5sud hidro5arbon
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
Physical state%keadaan fiik
Percentage of carbonatom% peratus atom
karbon
"34<
"4>
"41!
"<4<
"alculate #ercentage of carbon /kira peratus karbon )
Note/Nota)
4ydrocarbon that hae the lowest #ercentages of carbon atomsoot0 wasmost suitable to be used as coo5ing gas /
,idrokarbon yang mempunyai peratus atom carbon %jelaga'
yang rendah paling sesuai digunakan sebagai gas memasak.
/nformation from diagram%maklumat daripada gambarajah
1. 2y#e of reaction% jenis tindak balas ) &&&&&&&&&&&. 2otal energy contain % jumlah tenaga haba )&&&&&&&&&&&
3. 2em#erature % suhu ) &&&&&&&&&&&
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45
4;. 6igure 11 shows an ener *ee* diara.
Rajah 11 menunjukkan gambar ra+ah aras tenaga
Based on figure 11F what is the increase in tem#erature of the solution if e(cess O
#owder is added to 9!cm3 of 2 salt solution !. mol dm'3?
Berdasarkan rajah 11! berapakah kenaikan suhu larutan jika serbuk @ berlebihan
ditambah kepada Fcm> larutan garam 4 F. mol dm0>?
K#ecific heat ca#acity of solution % muatan haba tentu larutan .!O g '1o"'1M
A. .o"
B. 9.9o"
". >.>o"
D. 11.!o"4. Which of the following Cuantities of substances contain ; x 1#22 o*ec!*es?
Antara 5uantiti bahan beri5utF yang mana5ah mengandungi ; x 1#22 o*e0!*?
K)elatie atomic mass % Oisim atom relatif 4F 1L "F 1L @F1<
AogadroSs"onstant% Pemalar Aogadro < ( 1!3 mol'1M
/. 1.> g water
1.J g air
//. 1.! g hydrogen gas
1.F g gas hidrogen
///. 3. g o(ygen gas
>. g gas oksigen
/G. . g carbon dio(ide
. g karbon dioksida
A. / and // only
& dan && sahaja
B. /// and /G only
&&& dan & sahaja
". /F ///F and /G only &! &&&! dan & sahaja
D. /F //F /// and /G
&! &&! &&& dan &
'7&" 2:)atio %nisbah
mole of 2 salt%mol
garam 4
heat of dis#lacement%haba penyesaran
6rom diagram% dari
gambarajah) 1 ! 5O mol'1
6rom calculation %dari
pengiraan &&&. &&&
'7&" %: "alculate tem#erature%kira suhu) 4$ ,"Ɵ
4 $ 4eat change %#erubahan haba $ &&&&
, $ ,ass% @isim $ &&&.
" $ #ecific heat ca#acity of solution $ &&&&&.
% muatan haba tentu larutan
$ change of tem#erature %Ɵ perubahan suhu = ***..
'7&" 1:
"alculate the mole of #article / $ira mol bagi arah
'7&" 1: "alculate the mole of 2 salt
solution%kira mole bagi larutan garam 4
n$ ,G
1!!!
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46
%
48. 2he eCuation below re#resents the decom#osition of hydrogen #ero(ide
solution.
ersamaan di ba6ah me6akili tindak balas penguraian larutan hydrogen
peroksida.
4!aC0 4 !10 !g0
Which of the following are #roduced when 1 o*e o3 hdroen eroxide is
decom#osed com#letely?
Antara berikut! yang manakah terhasil apabila 1 mol larutan hidrogen
$eroksida terurai dengan lengkap?
K1 mole of gas occu#ies dm3 at room conditionL
1 mol gas menepati dm> pada keadaan bilikHAogadroSs"onstant / emalar Aogadro < ( 1!3 mol'1M
/. moles of water
mol air
//. 1 dm3 of o(ygen gas
1 dm> gas oksigen
///. 3( 1!3 of o(ygen molecules
>M 1F> molekul oksigen
/G. 1. (1! of water molecules
1. M1F molekul air
A. / and /// only
& dan &&& sahaja
B. / and /G only
& dan & sahaja
". //F and /// only//F dan /// saha*a
D. // and /Gonly
&& dan &only
'7&" 2: "alculation % pengiraan
),,% @#R ,ole %mol
Water% air
4ydrogengas % gas hidrogen
@(ygen gas % gasoksida
"arbon dio(ide %karbon dioksida
'7&" 1:Describe the chemical eCuation% huraikan persamaan kimia
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
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47
49. 6igure 1 shows a set'u# a##aratus to determine the heat of reaction
Rajah 1 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk menentukan haba tindak balas.
Base on 6igure 1which of the following statements are true?
Berdasarkan Rajah 1 pernyataan berikut yang manakah benar?
/. 2he Process of bonding occurs
roses pembentukan ikatan berlaku
//. 2em#erature increases during the reaction
+uhu meningkat semasa tindak balas berlaku
///. 2he T4 alue in the reaction is #ositie
Nilai O, dalam tindak balas ini adalah positif
/G. 2he energy content of the #roducts of reaction is higher than that of
the reactants
$andungan tenaga hasil tindak balas lebih tinggi daripada
kandungan tenaga bahan tindak balas.
A. / and // only
& dan && sahaja
B. /// and /G only
&&& dan & sahaja
". /F //F and /G only &! &&! dan & sahaja
D. /F //F /// and /G
&! &&! &&& dan &
'7&" %: "alculate the mole% $ira mol
,ole%mol
@(ygen gas% gas oksigen
@(ygen molecules% molekul
oksigen
Water molecules %molecule air
'7&" 2:)atio of 1 mole of hydrogen #ero(ide%nisbah 1 mol
hydrogen peroksida.
4@ 4@ @
6rom 8Cuation%daripada persamaan mol mol 1 mol
6rom Cuestion %
daripada soalan 1 mol &&& &&&..
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48
5#. 2he eCuation below shows a dis#lacement reaction and its heat o3
reaction.
ersamaan di ba6ah menunjukkan tindak balas penyesaran dan haba
tindak balas.
,g 6e U ► ,gV 6e A4 $ '1>= 5O mol'1
Which of the following statements are true about the reaction
re#resented by the aboe eCuation?
Antara pernyataan berikut! yang manakah benar tentang tindak balas
yang di6akili oleh persamaan di atas?
/. ,agnesium is o(idi;ed.
#agnesium dioksidakan
// 2he reaction is e(othermic
4indak balas adalah eksotermik
/// 2he tem#erature decreases during th reaction
+uhu menurun semasa tindak balas
/G 2he heat released by reacting !. mole
of ferrum //0 ions is 37.> 5O.
,aba yang dibebaskan oleh F. mol
ion ferum %&&' ialah >5.J k@.
A. / and // only
& dan && sahaja
B. // and /G only
&& dan & sahaja
". ///F and /G only
&&&! dan & sahaja
D. /F // and /G only &! && dan &sahaja
Describe the characteristic of e(othermic and
endothermic % ,uraikan ciri0ciri eksotermik dan endotermik)
8(othermic%eksotermik
8ndothermic /endotermik
2em#erature % suhu
2he T4 alue% Nilai O,
8nergy content %kandungan
tenaga
,eaning of heat of dis#lacement%maksud bagi haba tindak balas penyesaran
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
Describe the characteristic of e(othermic andendothermic % ,uraikan ciri0ciri eksotermik dan
endotermik)
"haracteristic%9iri0ciri
8(othermic%eksotermik
8ndothermic /endotermik
2em#erature % suhu
2he T4 alue% Nilai O,
8nergy
content %kandungantenaga
"alculate heat release / kira haba yang dibebaskan
,g ,g
@(idationnumber %number
pengoksidaan
&& &&
Process % proses &&&&&.. @(idation%)eduction0%
engoksidaan /penurunan0
6e 6e@(idation
number %number
pengoksidaan
&& &&
Process % proses &&&&&.. @(idation%)eduction0% engoksidaan /penurunan0
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49
91 2he diagram shows the change of state of matter.
ambar rajah berikut menunjukkan perubahan keadaan jirim.
Which of the following is #rocess ?
Antara berikut yang manakah proses ;?
A ,elting
eleburan
B Boiling
endidihan
" 6ree;ing
embekuan
D "ondensation
$ondensasi
Name of #rocess% name of process
water0 ? steam0
olid liCuid gas
Bika
ai
!o"e"
#
$ti%
Bika
ai
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E1 and E o(ide react with acid %1 dan oksida bertindak balas dengan asid '''''''''''''''''''''''''''
E1 to E17 o(ide react with al5ali% 1 hingga 15 oksidabertindak balas dengan alkali '''''''''''''
E13 o(ide react with both acid and al5ali% 1> oksida bertindak balas dengan kedua0dua asid dan
alkal i '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
50
G1 G2 G13 G14 G15 G16 G17 G18
9. Aluminium o(ide has both acidic and basic #ro#ertiesF therefore
it
Aluminium oksida mempunyai kedua0dua sifat asid dan bes!oleh itu aluminium oksida ialah
A a base o(ide
oksida bes
B an acid o(ide
oksida asid
" a metalloid o(ide
oksida metaloid
D an am#hoteric o(ide
oksida amfoterik
Period 3
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51
93 2he diagram shows the set'u# of the a##aratus for
electrolysis.
ambar rajah menunjukkan susunan radas yang digunakan
dalam proses elektrolisis.
Which of the following com#ounds could be used as an
e*ectro*te<
Antara sebatian berikut yang manakah boleh digunakan
sebagai elektrolit?
A 8thanol
3tanol B Jerosene
$erosin
" 8thyl ethanoate
3til etanoat
D 8thanoic acid
Asid etanoik
Definition of
electrolyte%
definisi
elektrolit
''''''''''''''''''
''''''''''''''''''
''''''''''''''''''
''''''''''''''''''
Physical
state%keadaan fiikal
2y#e of #articles / jenis
arah
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52
9 Which of the following is true about acids?
Antara berikut yang manakah benar tentang asid?
A Acids react with metal to #roduce salt and
water
Asid bertindak balas dengan logam
menghasilkan garam dan air
B Acids react with al5ali to #roduce salt and
hydrogen gas
Asid bertindak balas dengan alkali
menghasilkan garam dan gas hidrogen
" Acids react with metal o(ide to #roduce
saltF water and hydrogen gas
Asid bertindak balas dengan oksida logam
menghasilkan garam! air dangas hidrogen
D Acids react with carbonate of metal to #roduce saltF water and carbondio(ide gas
Asid bertindak balas dengan karbonat
logam menghasilkan garam! air dan
gaskarbon dioksida
99 2he diagram shows the crystalline structure of saltF
Na"l.ambar rajah menunjukkan bentuk satu hablur garam!
Na9l.
Which of the following is not a characteristic o3 the
crsta* o3 NaC*<
Antara berikut yang manakah bukan ciri hablur Na9l?
A /t has shar# corners
#empunyai bucu yang tajam
B /t has flat surfaces
#empunyai permukaan yang rata
" /t has an acute angle between the two ad*acent
surfaces
#empunyai sudut tirus antara dua permukaanbersebelahan
D /t has straight edges between two ad*acent
surfaces
#empunyai sisi0sisi yang lurus antara dua
permukaan bersebelahan
"hemical #ro#erties of acid%
sifat 5imia bagi asid
1. acid metal %asid logam
'''''''''''''''''''''
. acid al5ali% asid al5ali
'''''''''''''''''''''
3. acid metal o(ide% asid
o5sida logam
''''''''''''''''''''. acid metal carbonate%
asid logam 5arbonat
'''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''
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53
9<. 2he following chemical eCuation shows the reaction of the 4aber
#rocess.
ersamaan kimia berikut menunjukkan tindak balas bagi proses
,aber.
"atalyst
#angkin ;
Ng0 34g0 N43 g0
2em#erature HF Pressure +
+uhu C! 4ekanan "
Which of the following re#resent catalyst F tem#erature H and
#ressure +?
Antara berikut yang manakah me6akili mangkin ;! suhu C dan
tekanan "?
"atalyst 2em#erature H % !" Pressure + %atm
#angkin ; +uhu C/E9 4ekanan " /atm
A Platinum =!! 9
B Platinum 9! 1
" /ron =!! 9!
D /ron 9! 3!!
Physical characteristic
of crystal%ciri fiikal
hablur)
1. fi( '''''''''''''''''
. 6lat ''''''''''''''''
3. straight ''''''''''''
. shar#'''''''''''''''
9. same''''''''''''''''
4aber Process% roses
,aber
"ondition%keadaan
diperlukan)
2em#erature% suhu)
''''''''''''''''''''''''Pressure%tekanan)
'''''''''''''''''''''''''
"atalyst%mangkin)
''''''''''''''''''''''''
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54
97 2he body of the aero#lane shown in the figure below is
made of alloy F
Badan kapal terbang yang ditunjukkan dalam rajah di
ba6ah dibina daripada aloi ;.
What is alloy ?
Apakah aloi ;?
A Pewter
iuter
B Brass 8oyang
" Bron;e
angsa
D Duralumin
(uralumin
Pro#erties of
aero#lanebody% sifat
badan kapal terbang :
----------------------------
--
----------------------------
--
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55
Pro#erties%ciri0ciri :ses%kegunaan
9> 2he diagram shows #orcelain #ots.ambar rajah menunjukkan pasu porselin.
What is the substance and the ma*or com#onent used in the
ma5ing of#orcelain #ots? Apakah bahan dan komponen utama untuk membuat pasu
porselin?
ubstance ,a*or com#onent
Bahan $omponen utama
A Elass "u#ronic5el
$aca $upronikel
B "eramic Aluminium silicate
erami5 Aluminium sili5at
" Polymer ilicon dio(idePolimer ili5on dio5sida
D Alloy /ron///0 o(ide
Aloi 6erum///0 o5sida
Porcelain #ot is an
e(am#le of% pasu
porselin adalah contoh)
''''''''''''''''''''''''''
ceramic%glass0
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9= Jaolin is used to ma5e orce*ain. A substance is added to
5aolin to harden it.What is the substance?Jaolin diguna5an untu5 membuat #orselin.atu bahan
ditambah 5e#ada 5aolinuntu5 menambah5an
5e5erasannya.A#a5ah bahan itu?
A ilicone
+ilikon
B 6elds#ar
2eldspar
" odium o(ide
Natrium oksida
D "alcium carbonate $alsium karbonat
Porcelain is e(am#le of ceramic.
"eramic are made from% orselin
merupakan contoh bagi seramik .
erami5 di#erbuat dari#ada
'''''''''''''.@ne im#ortant added
element in 5aolin is% satu unsur
tambahan penting dalamkaolin ialah
'''''''''''''''''''''''
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58
<! Which of the following substances can be used to
differentiate ethane from ethene?
Antara bahan berikut yang manakah boleh digunakanuntuk membeakan antara etana dengan etena?
A ime water
Air kapur
B Bromine water
Air bromin
" Dilute sul#huric acid
Asid sulfurik cair
D odium hydro(ide solution
8arutan natrium hidroksida
8thane is a '''''''''''''''hydrocarbon and ethene is
an '''''''''''''''''''' hydrocarbon%etana adalah
hidrokarbon 000000000000000000000dan etena adalah
hidrokarbon 000000000000000000000.
ubstance%bahan )eation with ethane%tindak
balas dengan ethana
Hes%no%obseration
)eaction with ethene%
tindak balas dengan ethena
Hes%no%obseration
&i%e 'ate( airkapur Bo%ine 'ate(air bromin
Dil)te ")l+)i,a,i(asid sulfurikcair $oi)% +yoie"ol)tion( larutannatriumhidroksida
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59
<1 What are the #roducts formed when ethano* !rns
co*ete* in excess air?
Apakah hasil0hasil yang terbentuk apabila etanol
terbakar dengan lengkap dalam udara berlebihan?
A Water and carbon dio(ide gas
Air dan gas karbon dioksida
B WaterF carbon and carbon dio(ide gas
Air! karbon dan gas karbon dioksida
" WaterF carbon mono(ide gas and carbon dio(ide
gas
Air! gas karbon monoksida dan gas karbon
dioksida
D WaterF carbonF carbon mono(ide gas and carbon
dio(ide gas
Air! karbon! gas karbon monoksida dan gas
karbon dioksida
Al,o+ol / 2
e,e""(alcohol + O2
(berlebihan)
------------- / ----------------
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60
< 2he following chemical eCuation shows the conersion of ethanol to
ethene.
ersamaan kimia berikut menunjukkan penukaran etanol kepada
etena.
Piece of #orcelain
+erpihan porselin
"49@4 "4 4@
4eat
Panas
What is the name of the #rocess shown by the aboeeCuation?
Apakah nama proses yang ditunjukkan oleh persamaan di atas?
A Dehydration
endehidratan
B @(idation
engoksidaan
" )eduction
enurunan
D 6ermentation
enapaian
2y#e of reaction% @enis
tindak balas
)eactants or catalyst0 with
alcohols% bahan tindak balas
%atau mangkin' dengan
alkohol
Products%hasil0hasil
Dehydration
@(idation
)eduction
6ermentation
8ster molecule consists of ''''''F'''''''F''''''' atoms. /t is
coalent%ionic0''''''''''''''''''com#ound. Pro#erties of the
com#ound includes% molekul ester terdiri daripada
atom000000!0000000!0000000 . &a sejenis sebatian 00000000000000
%koalen/ion'. 9iri0ciri sebatian ini
000000!0000000!0000000termasuk )
1.'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
.'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
3.'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
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<3 Perfume contains esters.
Which of the following is a roert o3 an ester?
#inyak 6angi mengandungi ester.
Antara berikut! yang manakah sifat ester?
A Dissoles in water
8arut dalam air
B ow boiling #oint
4akat didih rendah
" ,ore dense than water
8ebih tumpat daripada air
D "an conduct electricity
Boleh mengkonduksikan arus elektrik
6actors that affect the decrease in rate of reaction% faktor
yang mempengaruhi pengurangan kadar tindak balas
1.'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
.'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
3.'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''.
.'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
9.'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''.
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<. 2he rate o3 reaction for the decom#osition of hydrogen
#ero(ide decreases withtime because
$adar tindak balas bagi penguraian hidrogen peroksida
berkurang dengan masa kerana
A #roduct of reaction decreases
hasil tindak balas berkurang
B tem#erature of hydrogen #ero(ide decreases suhu hidrogen peroksida berkurang
" olume of hydrogen #ero(ide decreases
isipadu hidrogen peroksida berkurang
D concentration of hydrogen #ero(ide decreases
kepekatan hidrogen peroksida berkurang
<9 Which of the following is a redox reaction?
Antara tindak balas berikut yang manakah tindak balas
redoks?
A Dis#lacement
enyesaran
B 8sterification engesteran
" Neutrali;ation
eneutralan
D Double decom#osition
enguraian dubel
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)eaction%tindak
balas8(am#le%contoh
@(idation%reduction%
engoksidaan/penuruna
n
@ccurs or not%berlaku
atau tidak?
)edo( reaction?
%tindak balas redoks?
Dis#lacement
8sterification
Neutrali;ation
Double
decom#osition
<< Which of the following neutrali;ation reactions
releases the least heat?
Antara tindak balas peneutralan berikut yang
manakah membebaskan haba yang paling kurang?
A Nitric acid and sodi! hdroxide
Asid nitrik dan natrium hidroksida
B '!*h!ric acid and otassi! hdroxide Asid sulfurik dan kalium hidroksida
" &thanoic acid and sodi! hdroxide
Asid etanoik dan natrium hidroksida
D )droch*oric acid and otassi! hdroxide
Asid hidroklorik dan kalium hidroksida
/dentify ty#e of acid and al5ali
strong%wea50 $enalpasti jenis
asid dan alkali %kuat/lemah'
Nitric acid and sodium hydro(ide
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
ul#huric acid and #otassium
hydro(ide
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
8thanoic acid and sodium
hydro(ide
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
4ydrochloric acid and #otassium
hydro(ide
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
neutrali;ation inoling wea5
acid or wea5 al5ali will release
less heat than strong acid and
strong al5ali.
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Definition of analgesic%definasi bagi analgesik
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
---------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
---------
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<7 Which of the following is the function of an ana*esic<
Antara berikut yang manakah fungsi ubat jenis
analgesik?
A 2o calm down the emotion of the #atient
#enenangkan emosi pesakit
B 2o treat asthma
#era6at penyakit asma
" 2o reliee #ain
#elegakan rasa sakit
D 2o destroy bacteria
#embunuh bakteria
@il of fatty acid 3Na@4 glicerol
soa# sodium
salt of fatty acid0
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<> 2he information shows a #art of the structural formula of a
soa o*ec!*e.
#aklumat menunjukkan sebahagian daripada formula
struktur bagi satu molekul sabun.
C)%=C)2>14COO -
Which of the following is the name of that #art?
Antara berikut yang manakah nama bagi bahagian itu?
A aurie
8aurik
B Elycerol
liserol
" Palmitate almitat
D Al5ylben;ene
Al5ilben;ena
<= 2he following eCuation re#resents a neutrali;ation reaction.
ersamaan berikut me6akili suatu tindak balas peneutralan.
Acid Basealt Water
Which #airs are reactants in neutrali;ation reactions?
asangan manakah adalah bahan tindak balas dalam tindak
balas peneutralan?
/ ul#huric acid odium hydro(ide
Asid sulfurik 7 Natrium hidroksida
// 4ydrochloric acid olid co##er//0 o(ide
Asid hidroklorik 7 epejal kuprum%&&' oksida
/// ul#huric acid olid calcium carbonate Asid sulfurik 7 epejal kalsium karbonat
/G 4ydrochloric acid Potassium carbonate solution
Asid hidroklorik 7 8arutan kalium karbonat
A / and // only
Definition of base%definisi bagi bes
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
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2est for cation using Na@4 state the obseration0:jian
untuk kation menggunakan Na-, %nyatakan pemerhatian'
Al3'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
,g''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
Pb'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
+n''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
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68
7! Which of the following ions form a hite reciitate
that disso*es in excesssodium hydro(ide solution?
Antara ion0ion berikut yang manakah membentukmendakan putih yang larut dalam larutan natrium
hidroksida berlebihan?
/ Al3
// ,g
/// Pb
/G +n
A / and // only
& dan && sahaja
B // and /G only && dan & sahaja
" /F // and /// only
&! && dan &&& sahaja
D /F /// and /G only
&! &&& dan & sahaja
A in atomic symbol is for% A dalam simbol atom me6akili
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
+ in atomic symbol is for% " dalamsymbol atom
me6akili''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
Proton number $ number of electron% nombor
proton=bilangan proton '''''''''''''''''''''''''''
8lectron arrangement% susunan elektron''''''''''''''''''''''
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69
71 2he diagram shows the atoic so* o3 e*eent .
ambar rajah menunjukkan simbol atom bagi unsur ;.
Which of the following is true about the sub'atomic #articles of element ?
Antara berikut yang manakah benar tentang arah subatom bagi unsur ;?
Proton Number Nucleon Number 8lectron "onfiguration
Nombor roton Nombor Nukleon $onfigurasi 3lektron
A 11 3 .>.1
B 11 3 .>.>.9" 3 11 .>.1
D 3 11 .>.>.9
7. 2he table shows the number of #rotonsF electrons and neutrons of
atoms Q and )
@adual menunjukkan bilangan proton! elektron! dan neutron bagi atom
L dan atom R.
Atom Number% bilangan
Proton 8lectron%ele5tron Neutron
Q 11 11 1
) 1 1 1
Which of the following is true about atoms Q and )?
Antara pernyataan berikut! yang manakah benar tentang atom L dan
atom R?
A. ) can form a diatomic molecule R boleh membentuk molekul d6iatom
B. Q and ) hae the same chemical #ro#ertiesL dan R mempunyai sifat kimia yang sama
". ) reacts with Q to form an ionic com#ound R bertindak balas dengan L membentuk sebatian ion
D. Q reacts with water to release hydrogenL bertindak balas dengan air membebaskan gas hidrogen
electron configuration of
atom % konfigurasi
elektron bagi atom)
Q &&&&&&.
) &&&&&&.
Galence electron of
atom % electron alen
bagi atom
Q &&&&&&.
) &&&&&&.
Erou# of atom %
kumpulan bagi atom
Q &&&&&&.
) &&&&&&.
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70
73.2he table shows the re*atie atoic ass of elements H and +.
@adual menunjukkan +isim atom relati* bagi unsur C dan unsur ".
8lement%unsu
r
)elatie Atomic
,ass % @isim Atom
Relatif
H >!+ 1<
Which of the following is true about the atoms of elements H and +?
Antara berikut! yang manakah benar tentang atom bagi unsur C dan
unsur "?
A. 2he mass of one atom of + is 1< g
@isim satu atom " ialah 1D g
B. 2he number of #rotons in atom H is >!
Bilangan proton dalam atom C ialah JF". 9 moles of + hae the same mass as 1 mole of H
mol " mempunyai jisim yang sama dengan 1 mol C
D. 2he density of one atom of H is 9 times that of an atom of +
$etumpatan satu atom C adalah kali ganda ketumpatan satu atom
"
,eaning of relatie atomic mass%maksud jisim atom relatif
*******************..************************
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7. 2he information shows the sub'atomic #articles of atom W.
#aklumat berikut menunjukkan subatom bagi atom <.
X 8lectron configuration .1
$onfigurasi elektron .1
X Number of #rotons 3
Bilangan proton >
X Number of neutrons
Bilangan neutron
Which of the following diagrams shows an atom W?
Antara gambar rajah berikut yang manakah menunjukkan satu atom<?
"alculation % pengiraan
Number ofmole% bilangan
Number of #article
% bilangan ;arah,ass% Oisim
Number of / bilangan
Position inatom %kedudukan dalam
atom
Proton
8lectron%
elektron
Neutrom
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79. 2he diagram shows the electron arrangement of a com#ound formed
between atoms P and Q.
ambar rajah menunjukkan susunan elektron bagi sebatian yang
terbentuk antara atom dengan atom L.
Which of the following statements is true about the com#ound?
Antara pernyataan berikut yang manakah benar tentang sebatian itu?
A. /t is an ionic com#ound
+ebatian itu adalah sebatian ion
B. 2he com#ound is formed by coalent bonds
+ebatian itu terbentuk melalui ikatan koalen
". 2he com#ound has a high boiling #oint
+ebatian itu mempunyai takat didih yang tinggi
D. 2he com#ound is formed by electron transfer
+ebatian itu terbentuk melalui pernindahan elektron
electron configuration of
atom % konfigurasi
elektron bagi atom)
Q &&&&&&.
P &&&&&&.
Erou# of atom %
5um#ulan bagi atom
Q &&&&&&.
P &&&&&&.
Q &&&&.
metal % non metal0
P &&&&&&.
metal % non metal0
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7<. 2he diagram shows the set'u# of the a##aratus used to
electro#late an iron 5ey with co##er.
ambar rajah menunjukkan susunan radas yang digunakan
untuk menyadur kunci besi dengan kuprum.
What is obsered at the anode and cathode after 3! minutes?
Apakah yang diperhatikan di anod dan di katod selepas >Fminit?
Anode/ anod Cathode/ katod
ABrown de#osits formed%
3napan perang terbentuk
"o##er foil becomes thic5er%
$epingan $uprum menjadi
tebal
B
"o##er foil becomes
thinner % $epingan
$uprum menjadi nipis
Brown de#osits formed%
3napan perang terbentuk
CBrown de#osits formed %
3napan perang terbentuk Eas bubbles released %elembung gas terbebas
D
"o##er foil becomes
thinner % $epingan
$uprum menjadi nipis
Eas bubbles released %
elembung gas terbebas
Pro#erties of com#ound %ciri0ciri sebatian
/oniccom#ound % sebatian
ionik
"oalent com#ound % sebatian koalent
2y#e of elementreact / jenis unsur
yang bertindakbalas
Boiling #oint % takat
didih
6ormation of bonding %
pembentukan ikatan2y#e of bonding /jenis ikatan
Definitions of electrolysis% (efinisi elektrolisis
/ons #resent
$ehadiran ion
"ations
kation
) IIIIIIIII
Anions
anion
IIIIIIIIII
6actor that effect theelectrolysis% factor
yang mempengaruhi
eletrolisisi ) ****
4alf eCuation %
persamaan setengah
ion)
9ations
$ation )
********..
Anions
Anion )
*******.
@bseration%
pemerhatian)
9ations
$ation )
********..
Anions
Anion )
*******.
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74
77. 2he diagram shows the electron shells in the substance formed
between atoms of hydrogen and H.
ambar rajah menunjukkan petala electron dalam sebatian
yang terbentuk Antara atom hydrogen dengan atom C
What is the electron configuration of atom H?
Apakah konfigurasi electron bagi atom C?A. .
B. .>
". .>.
D. .>.>
Galence electron of
atom % electron alen
bagi atom
4 &&&&&&.
H &&&&&&.
electron configuration of
atom % konfigurasi
elektron bagi atom)
4 &&&&&&.
H &&&&&&.
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75
ANW8) % @A<AAN
1. A
. D
3. "
. D
9. D
<. "
7. B
>. D
=. "
1!. B
11. D
1. "
13. "
1. A
19. A
1<. D
17. A
1>. "1=. B
!. A
1. D
. B
3. D
. B
9. B
<. D
7. D
>. D
=. B
3!. A31. "
3. D
33. A
3. D
39. D
3<. "
37. "
3>. B
3=. "
!. B
1. B
. A
3. "
. B
9. "
<. D
7. "
>. "
=. A9!. D
91. B
9. D
93. D
9. D
99. "
9<. D
97. D
9>. B
9=. A
<!. B
<1. A<. A
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76
<3. B
<. D
<9. A
<<. "
<7. "
<>. "
<=. A
7!. D
71. A
7. D
73. "
7. A
79. B
7<. B
77. A
7>. "