Date post: | 06-Apr-2018 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | sunita-rath |
View: | 225 times |
Download: | 0 times |
of 19
8/3/2019 module 1 Counseling Processes
1/19
Amity Business School
1
Module -1 Counseling Process
Counseling is a process by which the structure of the self isrelaxed in the safety of the clients relationship with the
therapist, and previously denied experiences are perceived
and then integrated into an altered Self.Carl Rogers - 1952
The counseling process provides opportunities-
To ventilate emotionsTo examine the factors of unwanted emotions and unsatisfyingbehaviour
To explore alternative plans of actions
To implement and test selected plans
8/3/2019 module 1 Counseling Processes
2/19
Amity Business School
2
When we seek, or accept, help with an issue wehave been unable to resolve on our own, there
is often an emotional component in the
situation.
Example I like my boss but he/she drives me
mad doing X,dare I level with him/her/.
Feelings of liking, irritation and anxiety are
present together.
8/3/2019 module 1 Counseling Processes
3/19
Amity Business School
3
Some important counseling skillsCounselor must so that the client can
Listen develop his thinking
Not judge feel safe and respectedPay attention know you care
Accept the clients know she is not being
feelings judgedEmpathy know you are with him
Think about the client get the best help possible
8/3/2019 module 1 Counseling Processes
4/19
Amity Business School
4
The counselor may So that the client can
Ask questions Develop his own thinking
Summarise Hear his thoughts andknows he is understood
Ask the client to Release blocking emotion
try new behaviour such as unexpressedanger
8/3/2019 module 1 Counseling Processes
5/19
Amity Business School
5
Counselors should This will make thenot client
Argue
Dwell on their ownW
ithdrawdifficulties
Solve the problem for Dependent
the clientGive advice Dependent/hostile
Belittle the clients concern Withdraw or attack
Avoid painful areas Be frustrated
8/3/2019 module 1 Counseling Processes
6/19
Amity Business School
6
Effective counselingKnowledge about self appreciation of ones
own capacities, knowledge, emotions, values,
needs, interests and ways of constructing self
and others.
Knowledge about conditions of environment
interpersonal contacts with families, friends,
work and school associates, social andeconomic factors
Improved insight about above empowers to live
more effectively.
8/3/2019 module 1 Counseling Processes
7/19
Amity Business School
7
Multitheoretical integrative model of counseling
Cognitive
Affective Behavioural
Improvement in cognitive and affective domain
enhances behaviour capacity
8/3/2019 module 1 Counseling Processes
8/19
Amity Business School
8
Counseling as a three stage process
Stage I counselor client relationship
open, trusting and empathic
Stage II- helping client gain deeper
understanding of self
Id, ego, superego and defense mechanisms
Trusting therapeutic relationship leads to clients
painful aspect of self
Stage III goal setting, action planning,
implementation of planned interventions
8/3/2019 module 1 Counseling Processes
9/19
Amity Business School
9
Counseling Interventions inOrganizations
E.g.. Loosing ones job will trigger a crisis depends
upon a number of factors. These may be Individuals skills for seeking a new job
Employability
Financial reserves
Reactions of significants to job loss
Other stressors at the time
Persons perception about each of these conditions
(which may differ from reality)
8/3/2019 module 1 Counseling Processes
10/19
Amity Business School
10
Areas of focus in organizational counseling
Personality dysfunction (substance abuse, psychiatric
symptoms,etc.)Stress/change management
Grief reaction to loss or death
Critical incident stress management
Employee/patient safety issues
Communication breakdown within teams
Entrenched interpersonal conflicts
Promoting organizational wellness
8/3/2019 module 1 Counseling Processes
11/19
Amity Business School
11
Crisis ManagementThe state of crisis is when people perceive an event or
situation as an intolerable difficulty that exceeds their
resources and coping mechanisms' (James andGilliland, 2001).As a result-
Tension and anxiety over inability to resolve the
problem increases
Less able to find a solution
Feels helpless,upset shamed, guilty
Unable to act on his own to reach a solution
8/3/2019 module 1 Counseling Processes
12/19
Amity Business School
12
Purpose of crisis interventionsThe psychological resolution of the individuals
immediate crisis and restoration to at least the
level offunctioning that existed before thecrisis period.
The focus of the crisis intervention work is the
immediate problem not the totality of theclients personality or life issues.
8/3/2019 module 1 Counseling Processes
13/19
Amity Business School
13
Steps in crisis interventions1. Establish a helping relationship basic listening
and responding skills
2. Assure safety ask direct and specific questions,involve family and other sources of support ifsituation is dangerous
3. conduct an assessment -
understanding of the clients functioning prior to thecrisis.The list of skills that the client may possess
Cognitive change skills
Support networking skills
Perceptual skills
8/3/2019 module 1 Counseling Processes
14/19
Amity Business School
14
Stress management and wellness skillsProblem solving skills
Description and expression of feelings
4. Give support assessing the clients supportsystem
5. . Assist with action plan clients own copingmechanism has failed, therefore, the
counselor must be willing to take an activerole.
6. Arrange for follow-ups a follow-up meetingor telephone call should be arranged.
8/3/2019 module 1 Counseling Processes
15/19
Amity Business School
15
EmpathyIt is defined as the counselors ability to enter
the clients phenomenal world to
experience the clients world as if it were hisown.
Three categories of empathy:
Empathic rapport- kindness,global understanding
and tolerant acceptance of clients feelings andframe of reference.
Experience near understanding of the clients
world what it is like to be him
8/3/2019 module 1 Counseling Processes
16/19
Amity Business School
16
Communicative attunement The therapist triesto put himself in the client's shoe at the
moment, to grasp what they are trying to
consciously communicate at the moment, and
what they are experiencing at the moment.
Empathy might serve as any one or all three of
these purposes at a given point in the
counseling process.
8/3/2019 module 1 Counseling Processes
17/19
Amity Business School
17
Primary empathy responses that indicate thatcounselor has understood those themes that areapparent from the clients statement throughnonverbal communication and interchangeableresponses (facial expressions and other nonverbal
responses)
Advanced empathy it includes what the client hasimplied but not directly stated in his disclosure. itshould not be confused with interpretation, it is
always based on clients frame of reference. Evocative empathy counselor should give voice to
the clients intended message and later on can go alot further
8/3/2019 module 1 Counseling Processes
18/19
Amity Business School
18
Major skills in Empathy Perceiving intense process of actively
listening for themes, issues ,personal
constructs and emotions Communicating counselors communication
conveys that clients meanings and feelings
have been understood.
8/3/2019 module 1 Counseling Processes
19/19
Amity Business School
19
Bohart and Geenberg(1977
) and Bachelor andHorvath(1999)report that research has
consistently shown the correlations between
therapist empathy and counseling outcomes.
Evidence support that it is the most important of
the positive counselor qualities for client
success in counseling.