Module 14 Infection Control and Related Health and Safety in the Dental Office Part 2 Infection...

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Infection Control and Related Health Infection Control and Related Health and Safety in the Dental Officeand Safety in the Dental Office

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Infection Control and Related Health Infection Control and Related Health and Safety in the Dental Officeand Safety in the Dental Office

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Infection Control and Related Health and Safety (Eklund)Infection Control and Related Health and Safety (Eklund)

Infection Control and Infection Control and Related Health and SafetyRelated Health and Safety

Kathy Eklund, RDH, MHPKathy Eklund, RDH, MHP

The Forsyth InstituteThe Forsyth Institute


Disease Disease TransmissionTransmission


Host FactorsHost Factors General healthGeneral health Portal of entryPortal of entry Host immune system/immune Host immune system/immune

statusstatus

General healthGeneral health Portal of entryPortal of entry Host immune system/immune Host immune system/immune

statusstatus


Mechanisms of Mechanisms of TransmissionTransmission

Mechanisms of escapeMechanisms of escape Natural – Natural –

– Oral activities such as sneezing, coughing, etc..Oral activities such as sneezing, coughing, etc.. ArtificialArtificial

– Hands, instruments, etc.Hands, instruments, etc.

Methods of entryMethods of entry Inhalation, ingestionInhalation, ingestion Contact with mucous membranesContact with mucous membranes Penetration of intact skinPenetration of intact skin


Routes of TransmissionRoutes of Transmission

DirectDirect Patient - ClinicanPatient - Clinican Clincian - Patient Clincian - Patient Patient - PatientPatient - Patient AutogenousAutogenous

IndirectIndirect Fomite Fomite

Aerosol or droplet (spatter)Aerosol or droplet (spatter)


The Transmission EquationThe Transmission Equation

Disease Disease Virulence of the microorganismVirulence of the microorganismDose of the microorganismDose of the microorganismHost resistanceHost resistance

Disease Disease Virulence of the microorganismVirulence of the microorganismDose of the microorganismDose of the microorganismHost resistanceHost resistance


Contamination, Infection, Contamination, Infection, DiseaseDisease

RisksRisks PreventionPrevention ManagementManagement

RisksRisks PreventionPrevention ManagementManagement


Objectives of an Infection Objectives of an Infection Control ProgramControl Program

Reduce the available number of Reduce the available number of microorganisms microorganisms

Interrupt the spread, break the cycle Interrupt the spread, break the cycle of cross-contaminationof cross-contamination

Treat all clients and clinicians as if Treat all clients and clinicians as if infectedinfected

Protect from exposure, infection and Protect from exposure, infection and diseasedisease


Elements of an Effective Elements of an Effective Infection Control ProgramInfection Control Program

Client assessmentClient assessment ImmunizationsImmunizations Exposure incident Exposure incident

prevention and prevention and managementmanagement

Universal Universal Precautions/ Precautions/ Standard Standard PrecautionsPrecautions

Personal Protective Personal Protective EquipmentEquipment

Client assessmentClient assessment ImmunizationsImmunizations Exposure incident Exposure incident

prevention and prevention and managementmanagement

Universal Universal Precautions/ Precautions/ Standard Standard PrecautionsPrecautions

Personal Protective Personal Protective EquipmentEquipment

Environmental AsespsisEnvironmental Asespsis Aseptic techniquesAseptic techniques Sterilization and Sterilization and

Management of Patient Management of Patient Care ItemsCare Items

Housekeeping practicesHousekeeping practices Environmental asepsisEnvironmental asepsis Waste Waste

Hazard communicationHazard communication

Environmental AsespsisEnvironmental Asespsis Aseptic techniquesAseptic techniques Sterilization and Sterilization and

Management of Patient Management of Patient Care ItemsCare Items

Housekeeping practicesHousekeeping practices Environmental asepsisEnvironmental asepsis Waste Waste

Hazard communicationHazard communication


Client AssessmentClient Assessment


Universal Precautions/ Universal Precautions/ Standard Precautions Standard Precautions

Procedure-specific, Procedure-specific, NOT patient people specific.NOT patient people specific.

Based-upon the exposure risks Based-upon the exposure risks associated with the procedure, associated with the procedure, always assuming the patient and always assuming the patient and the clinician are infected with a the clinician are infected with a bloodborne pathogenbloodborne pathogen

Procedure-specific, Procedure-specific, NOT patient people specific.NOT patient people specific.

Based-upon the exposure risks Based-upon the exposure risks associated with the procedure, associated with the procedure, always assuming the patient and always assuming the patient and the clinician are infected with a the clinician are infected with a bloodborne pathogenbloodborne pathogen


Emerging and Reemerging Emerging and Reemerging DiseasesDiseases


Old Diseases Reemerging Old Diseases Reemerging Old Diseases Reemerging Old Diseases Reemerging

New Diseases EmergingNew Diseases EmergingNew Diseases EmergingNew Diseases Emerging


Emerging Infectious DiseasesEmerging Infectious DiseasesEmerging Infectious DiseasesEmerging Infectious Diseases

Conditions that Contribute to Conditions that Contribute to Disease EmergenceDisease Emergence

Infection Control for Health Care Infection Control for Health Care PersonnelPersonnel

Immunizations and ImmunityImmunizations and Immunity Antibiotics in DentistryAntibiotics in Dentistry

Conditions that Contribute to Conditions that Contribute to Disease EmergenceDisease Emergence

Infection Control for Health Care Infection Control for Health Care PersonnelPersonnel

Immunizations and ImmunityImmunizations and Immunity Antibiotics in DentistryAntibiotics in Dentistry


ExamplesExamples

AirborneAirborne WaterborneWaterborne BloodborneBloodborne

AirborneAirborne WaterborneWaterborne BloodborneBloodborne


The PlayersThe PlayersThe PlayersThe Players Common ColdCommon Cold InfluenzaInfluenza Bloodborne PathogensBloodborne Pathogens

Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, HIV ,Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, HIV , Others???Others???

AirborneAirborne Tuberculosis Tuberculosis

Waterborne MicroorganismsWaterborne Microorganisms LegionellosisLegionellosis CryptosporidiumCryptosporidium

Common ColdCommon Cold InfluenzaInfluenza Bloodborne PathogensBloodborne Pathogens

Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, HIV ,Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, HIV , Others???Others???

AirborneAirborne Tuberculosis Tuberculosis

Waterborne MicroorganismsWaterborne Microorganisms LegionellosisLegionellosis CryptosporidiumCryptosporidium


Conditions That May Contribute Conditions That May Contribute to Disease Emergenceto Disease Emergence

Ecological Ecological changeschanges

Changes in Changes in human human demographics demographics or behaviorsor behaviors

International International travel and travel and commercecommerce

Ecological Ecological changeschanges

Changes in Changes in human human demographics demographics or behaviorsor behaviors

International International travel and travel and commercecommerce

TechnologyTechnology Microbial Microbial

changeschanges Breakdown of Breakdown of

public health public health measuresmeasures

TechnologyTechnology Microbial Microbial

changeschanges Breakdown of Breakdown of

public health public health measuresmeasures


Occupational Risks to Occupational Risks to Healthcare WorkersHealthcare Workers

Occupational Risks to Occupational Risks to Healthcare WorkersHealthcare Workers

CDC Estimated Risks following CDC Estimated Risks following exposure to infected source patientsexposure to infected source patients HBV – 6-35%HBV – 6-35% HCV – 3-10%HCV – 3-10% HIV - .3 % HIV - .3 %

–99.7% exposures do not lead to infection 99.7% exposures do not lead to infection

CDC Estimated Risks following CDC Estimated Risks following exposure to infected source patientsexposure to infected source patients HBV – 6-35%HBV – 6-35% HCV – 3-10%HCV – 3-10% HIV - .3 % HIV - .3 %

–99.7% exposures do not lead to infection 99.7% exposures do not lead to infection


Immunity and Immunity and ImmunizationsImmunizationsImmunity and Immunity and ImmunizationsImmunizations

Childhood immunizationsChildhood immunizations Hepatitis B immunizationHepatitis B immunization Others to considerOthers to consider

Hepatitis A vaccineHepatitis A vaccine Varicella Zoster / Chickenpox vaccineVaricella Zoster / Chickenpox vaccine Tetanus BoostersTetanus Boosters

Childhood immunizationsChildhood immunizations Hepatitis B immunizationHepatitis B immunization Others to considerOthers to consider

Hepatitis A vaccineHepatitis A vaccine Varicella Zoster / Chickenpox vaccineVaricella Zoster / Chickenpox vaccine Tetanus BoostersTetanus Boosters


Guideline for Infection Control Guideline for Infection Control in Health Care Personnel, 1998in Health Care Personnel, 1998Guideline for Infection Control Guideline for Infection Control in Health Care Personnel, 1998in Health Care Personnel, 1998

Bolyard, et.al. AJIC (1998;26:289-354)Bolyard, et.al. AJIC (1998;26:289-354)Bolyard, et.al. AJIC (1998;26:289-354)Bolyard, et.al. AJIC (1998;26:289-354)


Immunization of Healthcare Immunization of Healthcare Workers- Recommendations of the Workers- Recommendations of the

Advisory Committee on Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) Immunization Practices (ACIP)

and the Hospital Infection Control and the Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory CommitteePractices Advisory Committee

MMWR 1997; 46(No. RR-18) 21-2MMWR 1997; 46(No. RR-18) 21-2

Immunization of Healthcare Immunization of Healthcare Workers- Recommendations of the Workers- Recommendations of the

Advisory Committee on Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) Immunization Practices (ACIP)

and the Hospital Infection Control and the Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory CommitteePractices Advisory Committee

MMWR 1997; 46(No. RR-18) 21-2MMWR 1997; 46(No. RR-18) 21-2


Infection Control and SafetyInfection Control and SafetyInfection Control and SafetyInfection Control and Safety

Developing Policies, Selecting Developing Policies, Selecting Products and Implementing Products and Implementing

ProceduresProcedures

Developing Policies, Selecting Developing Policies, Selecting Products and Implementing Products and Implementing

ProceduresProcedures


Aseptic TechniqueAseptic TechniqueAseptic TechniqueAseptic Technique ConceptsConcepts

AsepsisAsepsis AntisepsisAntisepsis DisinfectionDisinfection SterilizationSterilization

Prevent exposure incidentsPrevent exposure incidents Contain and manage exposure Contain and manage exposure

incidentsincidents

ConceptsConcepts AsepsisAsepsis AntisepsisAntisepsis DisinfectionDisinfection SterilizationSterilization

Prevent exposure incidentsPrevent exposure incidents Contain and manage exposure Contain and manage exposure

incidentsincidents


Universal Precautions/ Universal Precautions/ Standard PrecautionsStandard PrecautionsUniversal Precautions/ Universal Precautions/ Standard PrecautionsStandard Precautions

Treat every one as if infected Treat every one as if infected with a pathogenic with a pathogenic microorganismmicroorganism

Handle every contaminated item Handle every contaminated item as if carrying a bloodborne as if carrying a bloodborne infectious agentinfectious agent

Treat every one as if infected Treat every one as if infected with a pathogenic with a pathogenic microorganismmicroorganism

Handle every contaminated item Handle every contaminated item as if carrying a bloodborne as if carrying a bloodborne infectious agentinfectious agent


System of infection control and System of infection control and related health and safety that is related health and safety that is procedure specific, not based procedure specific, not based upon the known or unknown upon the known or unknown

sero-status of clientsero-status of client

System of infection control and System of infection control and related health and safety that is related health and safety that is procedure specific, not based procedure specific, not based upon the known or unknown upon the known or unknown

sero-status of clientsero-status of client


Standard PrecautionsStandard PrecautionsStandard PrecautionsStandard Precautions Standard Precautions synthesize the major features of Universal (Blood and Standard Precautions synthesize the major features of Universal (Blood and

Body Fluid) Precautions (designed to reduce the risk of transmission of blood-Body Fluid) Precautions (designed to reduce the risk of transmission of blood-borne pathogens) and Body Substance Isolation (designed to reduce the risk borne pathogens) and Body Substance Isolation (designed to reduce the risk of transmission of pathogens from moist body substances) and applies them of transmission of pathogens from moist body substances) and applies them to all patients receiving care regardless of their diagnosis or presumed to all patients receiving care regardless of their diagnosis or presumed infection status. infection status.

Standard Precautions apply to (1) blood, (2) all body fluids, secretions, and Standard Precautions apply to (1) blood, (2) all body fluids, secretions, and excretions except sweat, regardless of whether they contain visible blood, (3) excretions except sweat, regardless of whether they contain visible blood, (3) non-intact skin, and (4) mucous membranes. non-intact skin, and (4) mucous membranes.

Standard Precautions are designed to reduce the risk of transmission of Standard Precautions are designed to reduce the risk of transmission of microorganisms from both recognized and unrecognized sources of infection microorganisms from both recognized and unrecognized sources of infection in hospitals [ Guideline for isolation precautions in hospitals Part II, in hospitals [ Guideline for isolation precautions in hospitals Part II, Recommendations for isolation precautions in hospitals]Recommendations for isolation precautions in hospitals]

Standard Precautions synthesize the major features of Universal (Blood and Standard Precautions synthesize the major features of Universal (Blood and Body Fluid) Precautions (designed to reduce the risk of transmission of blood-Body Fluid) Precautions (designed to reduce the risk of transmission of blood-borne pathogens) and Body Substance Isolation (designed to reduce the risk borne pathogens) and Body Substance Isolation (designed to reduce the risk of transmission of pathogens from moist body substances) and applies them of transmission of pathogens from moist body substances) and applies them to all patients receiving care regardless of their diagnosis or presumed to all patients receiving care regardless of their diagnosis or presumed infection status. infection status.

Standard Precautions apply to (1) blood, (2) all body fluids, secretions, and Standard Precautions apply to (1) blood, (2) all body fluids, secretions, and excretions except sweat, regardless of whether they contain visible blood, (3) excretions except sweat, regardless of whether they contain visible blood, (3) non-intact skin, and (4) mucous membranes. non-intact skin, and (4) mucous membranes.

Standard Precautions are designed to reduce the risk of transmission of Standard Precautions are designed to reduce the risk of transmission of microorganisms from both recognized and unrecognized sources of infection microorganisms from both recognized and unrecognized sources of infection in hospitals [ Guideline for isolation precautions in hospitals Part II, in hospitals [ Guideline for isolation precautions in hospitals Part II, Recommendations for isolation precautions in hospitals]Recommendations for isolation precautions in hospitals]


Exposure Incident Prevention Exposure Incident Prevention and Managementand Management

Exposure Incident Prevention Exposure Incident Prevention and Managementand Management

Preventive Preventive strategiesstrategies Exposure Exposure

preventionprevention ManagementManagement

Basic first aidBasic first aid ReportingReporting DocumentationDocumentation

Preventive Preventive strategiesstrategies Exposure Exposure

preventionprevention ManagementManagement

Basic first aidBasic first aid ReportingReporting DocumentationDocumentation

Medical follow-Medical follow-upup Designated HCPDesignated HCP Baseline testingBaseline testing ProphylaxisProphylaxis TherapyTherapy Monitoring Monitoring ManagementManagement

Medical follow-Medical follow-upup Designated HCPDesignated HCP Baseline testingBaseline testing ProphylaxisProphylaxis TherapyTherapy Monitoring Monitoring ManagementManagement


Prevention: Engineering Prevention: Engineering Controls and Work PracticesControls and Work Practices

Prevent Sharps Prevent Sharps Injuries Injuries (Percutaneous)(Percutaneous) NeedlesNeedles Bladed Bladed

InstrumentsInstruments Scalpel BladesScalpel Blades Wires in surgery Wires in surgery

and orthodonicsand orthodonics

Prevent Sharps Prevent Sharps Injuries Injuries (Percutaneous)(Percutaneous) NeedlesNeedles Bladed Bladed

InstrumentsInstruments Scalpel BladesScalpel Blades Wires in surgery Wires in surgery

and orthodonicsand orthodonics

Prevent Mucous Prevent Mucous Membrane Membrane ExposuresExposures Protective Protective

BarriersBarriers– Eyewear, Eyewear,

MaskMask


Your Hands: Occupational Your Hands: Occupational Health and Infection ControlHealth and Infection ControlYour Hands: Occupational Your Hands: Occupational

Health and Infection ControlHealth and Infection Control

Handcare and occupational risksHandcare and occupational risks HandwashingHandwashing Gloves and glovingGloves and gloving

Handcare and occupational risksHandcare and occupational risks HandwashingHandwashing Gloves and glovingGloves and gloving


Preventing and Managing Preventing and Managing Preventing and Managing Preventing and Managing

Irritant Irritant DermatitisDermatitis

Irritant Irritant DermatitisDermatitis

Contact Contact DermatitisDermatitis

Latex AllergyLatex Allergy

Contact Contact DermatitisDermatitis

Latex AllergyLatex Allergy


Handwashing/ AntisepsisHandwashing/ AntisepsisHandwashing/ AntisepsisHandwashing/ Antisepsis

PolicyPolicy ProcedureProcedure ProductsProducts

PolicyPolicy ProcedureProcedure ProductsProducts


Handwashing/AntisepsisHandwashing/AntisepsisHandwashing/AntisepsisHandwashing/Antisepsis

Wash and dry hands before Wash and dry hands before donnning and upon removal of donnning and upon removal of glovesgloves

Do not use hand creams/lotions that Do not use hand creams/lotions that contain petroleum products when contain petroleum products when wearing latex gloveswearing latex gloves

Remove all hand jewelry before Remove all hand jewelry before washing hands and donning gloveswashing hands and donning gloves

Wash and dry hands before Wash and dry hands before donnning and upon removal of donnning and upon removal of glovesgloves

Do not use hand creams/lotions that Do not use hand creams/lotions that contain petroleum products when contain petroleum products when wearing latex gloveswearing latex gloves

Remove all hand jewelry before Remove all hand jewelry before washing hands and donning gloveswashing hands and donning gloves


Gloves and GlovingGloves and Gloving Choose the correct glove for Choose the correct glove for

the task to be performed the task to be performed Sterile vs nonsterile glovesSterile vs nonsterile gloves Examination glovesExamination gloves Latex, synthetic, nitrileLatex, synthetic, nitrile

Use non-powdered glovesUse non-powdered gloves

Choose the correct glove for Choose the correct glove for the task to be performed the task to be performed Sterile vs nonsterile glovesSterile vs nonsterile gloves Examination glovesExamination gloves Latex, synthetic, nitrileLatex, synthetic, nitrile

Use non-powdered glovesUse non-powdered gloves


Gloves con’tGloves con’tGloves con’tGloves con’t Overgloves Overgloves

To prevent contamination of clean areas To prevent contamination of clean areas Overgloves are single patient/client itemsOvergloves are single patient/client items

Puncture resistant gloves for handling Puncture resistant gloves for handling contaminated sharps and household taskscontaminated sharps and household tasks NitrileNitrile Always considered contaminated, because Always considered contaminated, because

they are used for “dirty” contaminated tasksthey are used for “dirty” contaminated tasks

Overgloves Overgloves To prevent contamination of clean areas To prevent contamination of clean areas Overgloves are single patient/client itemsOvergloves are single patient/client items

Puncture resistant gloves for handling Puncture resistant gloves for handling contaminated sharps and household taskscontaminated sharps and household tasks NitrileNitrile Always considered contaminated, because Always considered contaminated, because

they are used for “dirty” contaminated tasksthey are used for “dirty” contaminated tasks


Personal Barrier Personal Barrier Protection/PPEProtection/PPE

EyewearEyewear MasksMasks Face ShieldFace Shield GlovesGloves AttireAttire Resuscitation DevicesResuscitation Devices

EyewearEyewear MasksMasks Face ShieldFace Shield GlovesGloves AttireAttire Resuscitation DevicesResuscitation Devices


Face MasksFace Masks Mucous Membrane Barrier for Mucous Membrane Barrier for

the nose and mouththe nose and mouth Types of masksTypes of masks Filtration qualityFiltration quality When to change the maskWhen to change the mask

Mucous Membrane Barrier for Mucous Membrane Barrier for the nose and mouththe nose and mouth

Types of masksTypes of masks Filtration qualityFiltration quality When to change the maskWhen to change the mask


Protective EyewearProtective EyewearProtective EyewearProtective Eyewear

Mucous membrane barrier for Mucous membrane barrier for the eyesthe eyes Protect from spatter and splash Protect from spatter and splash

exposures exposures Protect from projectiles/impact Protect from projectiles/impact

protectionprotection

Mucous membrane barrier for Mucous membrane barrier for the eyesthe eyes Protect from spatter and splash Protect from spatter and splash

exposures exposures Protect from projectiles/impact Protect from projectiles/impact

protectionprotection


Protective EyewearProtective EyewearProtective EyewearProtective Eyewear Standards Standards

American National Standards American National Standards Institute (ANSI)Institute (ANSI)– High impact plasticHigh impact plastic– Peripheral barrier protection Peripheral barrier protection

with solid side shieldswith solid side shields Aseptic ManagementAseptic Management

Standards Standards American National Standards American National Standards

Institute (ANSI)Institute (ANSI)– High impact plasticHigh impact plastic– Peripheral barrier protection Peripheral barrier protection

with solid side shieldswith solid side shields Aseptic ManagementAseptic Management


Face ShieldsFace ShieldsFace ShieldsFace Shields

Task SpecificTask Specific If they do not meet ANSI If they do not meet ANSI

standards for impact protection, standards for impact protection, protective eyewear should be protective eyewear should be worn under the face shieldworn under the face shield

Task SpecificTask Specific If they do not meet ANSI If they do not meet ANSI

standards for impact protection, standards for impact protection, protective eyewear should be protective eyewear should be worn under the face shieldworn under the face shield


Protective AttireProtective AttireProtective AttireProtective Attire TypesTypes

ReusableReusable DisposableDisposable

Designed to be a barrier for clothing Designed to be a barrier for clothing and non-intact skin and non-intact skin Design/style should be based upon Design/style should be based upon

anticipated exposure to body fluids of anticipated exposure to body fluids of patientspatients

Laundering resuable attireLaundering resuable attire

TypesTypes ReusableReusable DisposableDisposable

Designed to be a barrier for clothing Designed to be a barrier for clothing and non-intact skin and non-intact skin Design/style should be based upon Design/style should be based upon

anticipated exposure to body fluids of anticipated exposure to body fluids of patientspatients

Laundering resuable attireLaundering resuable attire


ResourcesResourcesResourcesResources RecommendationsRecommendations

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) www.cdc.govwww.cdc.gov

National Institutes of Occupational Safety and Health National Institutes of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) www.cdc.niosh.gov(NIOSH) www.cdc.niosh.gov

Professional Recommendations Professional Recommendations – OSAP OSAP www.osap.org

– ADA ADA www.ada.org

– ADHA ADHA www.adha.org

– ADAA www.adaaADAA www.adaa.org.org


ResourcesResourcesResourcesResources

Regulations/statutesRegulations/statutes Food and Drug Administration Food and Drug Administration

www.fda.govwww.fda.gov Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

– www.epa.govwww.epa.gov

Occupational Safety and Health Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)Administration (OSHA)– www.osha.govwww.osha.gov

Regulations/statutesRegulations/statutes Food and Drug Administration Food and Drug Administration

www.fda.govwww.fda.gov Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

– www.epa.govwww.epa.gov

Occupational Safety and Health Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)Administration (OSHA)– www.osha.govwww.osha.gov


Resources (continued)Resources (continued)Resources (continued)Resources (continued)

Regulations/statutesRegulations/statutes State Boards of RegistrationState Boards of Registration State Departments of Public HealthState Departments of Public Health State /local agencies who regulate wasteState /local agencies who regulate waste

Biohazard, chemical, generalBiohazard, chemical, general

Regulations/statutesRegulations/statutes State Boards of RegistrationState Boards of Registration State Departments of Public HealthState Departments of Public Health State /local agencies who regulate wasteState /local agencies who regulate waste

Biohazard, chemical, generalBiohazard, chemical, general


From Policy to PracticeFrom Policy to PracticeFrom Policy to PracticeFrom Policy to Practice

Site-specific application of Site-specific application of policiespolicies

Standard operating proceduresStandard operating procedures Day -to- Day management of Day -to- Day management of

policies and procedures policies and procedures

Site-specific application of Site-specific application of policiespolicies

Standard operating proceduresStandard operating procedures Day -to- Day management of Day -to- Day management of

policies and procedures policies and procedures


Education and TrainingEducation and TrainingEducation and TrainingEducation and Training

TechniquesTechniques ToolsTools

Organization for Safety and Asepsis Organization for Safety and Asepsis Procedures (OSAP)Procedures (OSAP)

SOP for each practice settingSOP for each practice setting Resources (related guidelines, standards, Resources (related guidelines, standards,

regulations and statutes)regulations and statutes) Approaches ( talking vs teaching vs Approaches ( talking vs teaching vs

training)training)

TechniquesTechniques ToolsTools

Organization for Safety and Asepsis Organization for Safety and Asepsis Procedures (OSAP)Procedures (OSAP)

SOP for each practice settingSOP for each practice setting Resources (related guidelines, standards, Resources (related guidelines, standards,

regulations and statutes)regulations and statutes) Approaches ( talking vs teaching vs Approaches ( talking vs teaching vs

training)training)


ComplianceComplianceComplianceCompliance Assessment / EvaluationAssessment / Evaluation

Feedback and ReflectionFeedback and Reflection Assuming Responsibility for Health and Assuming Responsibility for Health and

Safety of Patients/clients, Yourself and Safety of Patients/clients, Yourself and Other StaffOther Staff Ethical Ethical LegalLegal

EnforcementEnforcement Positive ReinforcementPositive Reinforcement Negative ReinforcementNegative Reinforcement

Assessment / EvaluationAssessment / Evaluation Feedback and ReflectionFeedback and Reflection

Assuming Responsibility for Health and Assuming Responsibility for Health and Safety of Patients/clients, Yourself and Safety of Patients/clients, Yourself and Other StaffOther Staff Ethical Ethical LegalLegal

EnforcementEnforcement Positive ReinforcementPositive Reinforcement Negative ReinforcementNegative Reinforcement


Kathy Eklund Motto for Infection Kathy Eklund Motto for Infection Control and Health and SafetyControl and Health and Safety

Kathy Eklund Motto for Infection Kathy Eklund Motto for Infection Control and Health and SafetyControl and Health and Safety

LearnLearn the concepts, keep current the concepts, keep current with the science and relevant with the science and relevant standards standards

BelieveBelieve that it is critical to that it is critical to healthcare deliveryhealthcare delivery

BehaveBehave in a manner consistent in a manner consistent with the abovewith the above

LearnLearn the concepts, keep current the concepts, keep current with the science and relevant with the science and relevant standards standards

BelieveBelieve that it is critical to that it is critical to healthcare deliveryhealthcare delivery

BehaveBehave in a manner consistent in a manner consistent with the abovewith the above

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