MODULE 2: INFRASTRUCTURE FAMILIARIZATION
“Go Slow and Give Way To Pedestrians”Slow down and give way to pedestrians.
Prohibitory Signs Warning Signs
“No Riding”Riding is not allowed in
this area. Areas where
riding is prohibited
include pedestrian
overhead bridges“Watch Out For Vehicles”Slow down and look out for approaching
vehicles.
“Slow”Slow down and ride cautiously beyond
the sign.
“Pedestrian or Cyclist Crossing Prohibition”Pedestrians and riders are
not allowed to cross at this
location. Use the crossing
ahead instead.“Caution – Low Headroom”Be cautious of the low headroom ahead.
Prohibitory Signs show actions that are disallowed. Disobeying
these signs is punishable by law.
Warning Signs are used to warn riders of possible dangers ahead.
Riders should follow these signs for their own safety.
TYPES OF OFF-ROAD SIGNSMODULE 2
“Slope Ahead – Slow Down”Slow down and take caution on the
slope ahead.
Advisory Signs educate path users on proper shared path
etiquette. Riders should follow these signs for a safer ride.
“Stay on Track”Segregated pedestrian and
cycling paths are provided.
Stay on your respective
paths.
“Shared Track”The path is to be shared by both riders
and pedestrians. Riders are to keep left
and give way to pedestrians when
riding.
Information Signs/Markings/Signals
“Cyclist Crossing”
“Bicycle Crossing with ‘Stop’or ‘Look’ box”Riders should use the bicycle
crossing provided. Riders are
to wait behind the solid yellow
line when waiting for the lights
to turn green.
“Bicycle Crossing Signal Lights”Proceed when the Green Bicycle
lights up.
Do NOT attempt to cross when the
Red Bicycle lights up or when the
Green Bicycle light is flashing.
Advisory SignsInformation Signs help to inform you and direct you along the
cycling path to points of interest.
MODULE 2 TYPES OF OFF-ROAD SIGNS
Types of Paths
TYPES OF PATHSMODULE 2
Footpath
Shared path
Footpaths do not have any markings or treatments and are generally grey in colour.
They are commonly found all around Singapore connecting pedestrians from one
location to another.
Footpath
Cycling path
Shared path
Cycling paths are identified by a bicycle logo and are dedicated paths segregating
riders from pedestrians. Riders should stay on the cycling path and avoid riding on
the pedestrian path.
Shared paths allow for pedestrians and riders to travel on the same path. Riders are
to keep left when riding on these paths and give way to pedestrians at all times.
Cycling Path
OFF-ROAD GROUND MARKINGSMODULE 2
Shared path
Cycling path
Path Identifiers such as the path’s name or colour help to inform
riders that they are on a shared/cycling path. Park Connector
Networks, which are shared paths, are typically identified with
the PCN logo imprinted onto the path while riding paths are
coloured in red.
Ground markings provide riders with information on the type of
path they are on.
Path Identifiers
Mileage Marking
Speed Regulating Strips
Shared/Cycling Path Ground Markings
Mileage Markings inform path users on the distance to the
destination as indicated on the marking.
Speed Regulating Strips help to reduce the rider’s speed such as
on downhill sections of a path, before approaching a junction or
potential areas of conflict with pedestrians or motorists.
Map Boards are commonly found along Park Connector
Networks or cycling paths. They provide information on your
current position, the surrounding area and show you different
routes that are available in the vicinity.
Map Boards also provide information on the nearby amenities,
rest areas, emergency services, etc.
Map Boards
OFF-ROAD INFRASTRUCTUREMODULE 2
High Pedestrian Traffic Areas
High pedestrian traffic areas are locations where there is high
number of pedestrians and increased pedestrian-rider interaction,
such as bus stops.
Speed regulating strips and ‘LOOK’ ground markings help inform both riders and
pedestrians that they are entering into a high pedestrian traffic area and to keep
alert when crossing.
Bicycle Parking Map provides cyclists an overview of the bicycle
parking lots found at the MRT station and informs cyclists of
alternative bicycle parking bays.
Bicycle Parking Wayfinding Signage
OFF-ROAD INFRASTRUCTUREMODULE 2
Bicycle Parking Directional Signage aims to direct cyclists to the
bicycle lots further or hidden from the MRT entrance.
They can be found at 5 MRT stations: Admiralty, Bishan, Kallang,
Lorong Chuan and MacPherson.
These signs aim to address the problem of indiscriminate bicycle parking by creating awareness of bicycle parking locations.
Signalised Crossings
Bicycle Traffic Light Crossings have bicycle
crossings for riders who should keep left and
stay within the bicycle crossing when crossing
the road. Riders must stop and look out for
approaching vehicles before crossing the road
at walking speed.
Signalised Pedestrian Crossings do NOT have
dedicated cycling lanes, thus riders should keep
to the left, and ride in an orderly manner when
crossing the road. Riders must stop and look
out for approaching vehicles before crossing
the road at walking speed. Always look out and
give way to pedestrians who are crossing with
you.
Riders are to obey the traffic light signals,
denoted by ‘green’ and ‘red’ signal lights.
Bicycle Crossing
Instruction Sign
Bicycle Crossing
button
Pedestrian
Crossing button
Pedestrian Crossing
Instruction Sign
MODULE 2
Bicycle Traffic Light
Crossings
Pedestrian Traffic
Light Crossings
TYPES OF OFF-ROAD CROSSINGS
Marked Non-Signalised Crossings,
such as zebra crossings, are
indicated by thick solid white lines
on the road and, flashing yellow
beacons with a blue pedestrian
crossing.
Riders must stop and look out for
approaching traffic before crossing
the road at walking speed.
Non-Signalised Crossings
Informal Crossings can be found at
junctions where a footpath or cycling
path intersects with a road. Common
types of informal crossings include
carpark accesses, indicated by a green
carpark sign as shown on the right, and
minor road junctions within
neighbourhoods which do NOT have
any indication or marking.
Riders must stop and look out for
approaching vehicles before riding
across the crossing.
Pedestrian
Crossing Sign
HDB carpark
access sign
MODULE 2 TYPES OF OFF-ROAD CROSSINGS
Riding is allowed through underpasses unless there is a ‘No Riding’ sign. Please exercise caution around underpasses and take note of low
headroom, blind spots and steep ramps.
For underpasses with cycling lanes, riders should stay within the provided cycling lanes. For underpasses without cycling lanes, riders should
keep left and ride in an orderly manner.
Riders should slow down and ride at a walking speed when entering into underpasses and keep a look out for pedestrians and other path
users.
Underpasses
MODULE 2 TYPES OF OFF-ROAD CROSSINGS
Pedestrian Overhead Bridges
For Pedestrian Overhead Bridges with wheeling ramps, riders
should use the wheeling ramps to push their device up the bridge.
Do NOT ride across the overhead bridge but push it across.
Tilt the device slightly towards you and
keep the pedals away from the railings
How to use the Wheeling Ramp:
Push the device up while holding
on to the handlebar and seat.
When going down, hold the handlebar
with both hands and be prepared to
apply brakes if necessary.
For Pedestrian Overhead Bridges without wheeling ramps, riders
should carry their bicycles up the bridge. Push your device across
the overhead bridge. Do NOT ride across the overhead bridge.
MODULE 2 TYPES OF OFF-ROAD CROSSINGS
Riding is not allowed on all pedestrian overhead bridges and their connecting ramps. Riding is also not allowed on bridges where there is a ‘No Riding’ sign.
On bridges where riding is not allowed, you should dismount and push your device. Offenders are liable to pay a fine.
Ramps leading to Pedestrian Overhead Bridges Bicycle Bridges
Pedestrian Overhead Bridge with ramps leading up to the top of
the bridge are constructed for the mobility-challenged and are not
meant for riding. Do NOT ride across these bridges.
Riders should dismount and push their devices when crossing these
bridges.
Bicycle bridges have dedicated pedestrian and bicycle lanes,
demarcated by ground markings. Ride within the demarcated
bicycle path in an orderly manner for your own safety.
Riders should dismount and push their devices if they find that the
slope of the incline for any part of the bicycle bridge is too steep.
Do NOT continue riding on an incline if your steering starts to
wobble before you reach the top.
Maintain control of your device and your speed when going
downslope.
MODULE 2 TYPES OF OFF-ROAD CROSSINGS
Mandatory signs are meant for all on-road users, including road cyclists, to follow. Disobeying these signs is a prosecutable offence.
“STOP”Stop before the WHITE line. Give way to
traffic from the right and the left.
“STOP-CHILDREN”Stop and look out for pedestrians
crossing the road.
“GIVE WAY”Slow down and stop if necessary. Give
way to traffic on major road.
“LEFT TURN ON RED”• Indicate your intention to turn
• Stop at the Red Light and give way to
pedestrians crossing
• Give way to traffic approaching from
the right
• Look out for left-turning vehicles
behind you
• Proceed only when it is safe to do so.
Mandatory Signs
AHEAD
ONLYTURN
RIGHT
TURN
LEFT
TURN
RIGHT
AHEAD
KEEP
LEFT
PASS EITHER SIDE
You may pass on either
side of the road. Use
the appropriate hand
signals to indicate to
other road users on
your intent to keep left
or right.TURN
LEFT
AHEAD
MODULE 2 ON-ROAD SIGNAGE
Prohibitory Signs are used to prohibit specific kinds of actions.
Disobeying these signs is a prosecutable offence.
NO ENTRY
NO RIGHT TURN
NO LEFT TURN
NO OVERTAKING
Prohibitory Signs
NO ENTRY TO MOTORCYCLES AND PEDAL CYCLES
(including bicycle and electric bicycles)
BEND TO THE LEFT AHEAD
Slow down and keep left.
Do NOT overtake, U-turn or park/stop
your bicycle.
BEND TO THE RIGHT AHEAD
Slow down and keep left.
Do NOT overtake, U-turn or park/stop
your bicycle.
DOUBLE BEND AHEAD
Slow down and keep left.
Do NOT overtake, U-turn
or park/stop your bicycle.
CROSS ROADS AHEAD
Slow down. Beware of traffic when
approaching the junction.
Warning Signs are used to warn on-road users of the possible
dangers ahead. Cyclists should slow down and proceed cautiously
after seeing these signs.
Warning Signs
MODULE 2 ON-ROAD SIGNAGE
T-JUNCTION AHEAD
Slow down. Give way to traffic from the right
and the left.
SIDE ROAD TO THE LEFT AHEAD
Slow down. Beware of vehicles joining from
the left. Be extra cautious when your vision
is being obstructed by trees or signs.
SIDE ROAD TO THE RIGHT AHEAD
Slow down. Beware of vehicles joining from
the right. Be extra cautious when your vision
is being obstructed by trees or signs.
Y-JUNCTION
Slow down. Use the
appropriate hand signals to
indicate to other road users
on your intent to keep left
or right.
TRAFFIC MERGES FROM THE LEFT AHEAD
Slow down. Beware of traffic joining from
the left.
STAGGERED JUNCTION, LEFT TURN FIRST
AHEAD
Slow down. Beware of vehicles joining from
the right and the left.
TWO WAY TRAFFIC AHEAD
Slow down and keep left. Beware of
oncoming traffic.
TWO WAY TRAFFIC ON A ONE WAY
CARRAIGEWAY AHEAD
Slow down. Beware of traffic joining from
the right and the left.
MERGE AHEAD
Slow down. Beware of traffic merging from
the right or the left.
ROUNDABOUT AHEAD
Give way to traffic on the right. Keep a look
out for vehicles that are changing lanes to
exit, are too large or are travelling too fast.
MODULE 2 ON-ROAD SIGNAGE
ROAD NARROWS ON RIGHT AHEAD
Slow down. Do NOT overtake, U-turn or park
your bicycle.
ROAD NARROWS ON LEFT AHEAD
Slow down. Do NOT overtake, U-turn or park
your bicycle.
ROAD NARROWS ON BOTH SIDES AHEAD
Slow down. Do NOT overtake, U-turn or park
your bicycle.
DUAL CARRAIGEWAY ENDS AHEAD
Slow down and keep left. Beware of merging
traffic.
SLIPPERY ROAD AHEAD
Slow down and cycle carefully.
TRAFFIC SIGNALS AHEAD
Slow down. Beware of traffic lights changing.
Obey the traffic light rules.
PEDESTRAIN CROSSING AHEAD
Slow down. Stop for pedestrians at
designated crossings.
EXPRESSWAY AHEAD
Do NOT enter. Cycling is prohibited on
expressways.
VEHICLE BREAKDOWN
Slow down and stop if necessary and prepare
to overtake stalled vehicle by using the
appropriate hand signals.
U-TURN AHEAD
Slow down and stop if necessary. Beware of
on-coming traffic.
MODULE 2 ON-ROAD SIGNAGE
ROAD HUMP AHEAD
Slow down and keep left. Do NOT overtake.
UNEVEN ROAD AHEAD
Slow down and keep left. Do NOT overtake.
STEEP HILL UPWARDS AHEAD
Keep left and change to a lower gear.
Dismount and push your bicycle by the left
side of the road if necessary.
STEEP HILL DOWNWARDS AHEAD
Keep left and change to a lower gear.
Maintain control of the speed of your bicycle
and do NOT free-wheel.
QUAYSIDE OR RIVER BANK AHEAD
Slow down. Beware of road ending ahead.
HORSES OR PONIES AHEAD
Slow down and stop if necessary.
Beware of animals.
LOW FLYING AIRCRAFT AHEAD
Beware of sudden noise from low
flying aircraft.
ELDERLY OR HANDICAPPED PEDESTRIANS
AHEAD
Slow down. Keep a look out for mobility-
impaired or elderly pedestrians crossing the
road.
RAISED ZEBRA CROSSING
Slow down. Stop for pedestrians
crossing at the raised zebra crossing.
MODULE 2 ON-ROAD SIGNAGE
Regulatory Signs are used to help regulate traffic movement on the
carriageway.
REDUCE SPEED NOW
KEEP LEFT UNLESS OVERTAKING
Keep and stay to the left side of the road and
leave the outermost right lane for overtaking
vehicles.
ROAD WORKS AHEAD
Slow down and beware of obstruction ahead
due to road works.
SINGLE LANE TRAFFIC
Slow down and give way as traffic converges
into a single lane.
DETOUR AHEAD 50M
Slow down and get ready to detour ahead.
DETOUR
Sharp Deviation
Slow down and cycle in the direction indicated.
ONE WAY TRAFFIC
One-directional movement along this road.
Beware of vehicles joining the traffic from
the left and the right.
ONE WAY STREET TO THE LEFT
One way street begins from this sign. Beware
of vehicles turning into the one way street.
CURVE ALIGNMENT MARKER
Slow down and cycle carefully at bends.
Regulatory Signs
MODULE 2 ON-ROAD SIGNAGE
Information Signs provide useful information to cyclists and other
motorists on the carriageway.
NO THROUGH ROAD ON SIDE ROAD TO RIGHT
Road on the right does not lead to another road.
NO THROUGH ROAD
Road ahead ends within a short distance.
U-TURN
U-turn is available ahead. Filter into the
appropriate lane in preparation of U-turning
movement.
START OF EXPRESSWAY
Look out for and avoid entering into the
expressway. Bicycles are NOT allowed on
expressways.
RAIN SHELTER
Rain shelter for motorcyclists and on-road
cyclists.
WHITE WALKING STICKS
Slow down and be prepared to stop. Give
way to visually-impaired pedestrians in the
area.
TRAFFIC SIGNAL OPERATING HOURS
Traffic Signals are operational only during the
stated hours.
SPEED REGULATING STRIPS AHEAD
Slow down.
PEDESTRIAN CROSSING
Keep a look out for pedestrians crossing.
Slow down to a stop if there are pedestrians
crossing or about to cross the road.
Information Signs
MODULE 2 ON-ROAD SIGNAGE
Directional arrows on the lanes of the carriageway indicate the direction where motorists or on-road cyclists can move to.
Merging arrows indicate that two traffic lanes are merging into one traffic lane.
Alternate vehicles from the two lanes have the right-of-way into the single lane. On-road
cyclists are to keep a look out for in-coming vehicles from the rear and the side when
entering the merged lane.
Merging Arrows
Directional Arrow Markings
ON-ROAD GROUND MARKINGSMODULE 2
Zebra Crossings Markings
White Zig-Zag Lines by Side of the RoadWhite zig-zag lines by the side of the road indicate
that there is a pedestrian crossing ahead. On-road
cyclists must slow down and be prepared to stop to
allow for pedestrians and riders to cross the road.
Zebra Crossing LinesThick, solid white lines across the road indicate a
zebra crossing. On-road cyclists must slow down and
be prepared to stop to allow for pedestrians and
riders to cross the road.
White Zig-Zag Lines by Side of the Road
Zebra Crossing Lines
ON-ROAD GROUND MARKINGSMODULE 2
Raised Zebra Crossings Markings
Raised Zebra Crossing LinesThick, solid white lines with yellow and
black checkered boxes by the side indicate a
raised zebra crossing. On-road cyclists must
slow down and be prepared to stop to allow
for pedestrians and riders to cross the road.
Beware of the raised hump.
ON-ROAD GROUND MARKINGS AND INFRASTRUCTURE
Signalised Crossings Markings and Infrastructure
Parallel Dashed White Lines
Traffic Lights
Bus Signal PriorityA green “B” light
indicates a bus signal
priority. Only buses are
allowed to proceed
when the green “B”lights up.
Flashing Amber LightsFlashing amber lights
indicate that there are
traffic lights ahead. On-
road cyclists must slow
down and be prepared to
stop.
Red Light/Arrow
Stop and do not proceed
Amber Light/Arrow
Slow down and be
prepared to stop.
Green Light/Arrow
Look out for any in-coming
traffic. Only proceed when
it is safe to do so.
Traffic LightsTraffic Lights indicate whether you can proceed to move and make the
crossing or not.
Parallel Dashed White LinesParallel dashed white lines indicate a dedicated pedestrian crossing. On-road
cyclists should give way to pedestrians who are crossing the signalised
crossing when the “Green Man” lights up.
ON-ROAD GROUND MARKINGS AND INFRASTRUCTURE
Pedestrian Crossing Ahead Markings
Pedestrian Crossing Ahead Markings
Pedestrian Crossing Ahead MarkingsThe triangular shaped marking as shown in the
diagram above indicates that there is a zebra
crossing ahead. On-road cyclists must slow down
and be prepared to stop to allow for pedestrians to
cross the road.
ON-ROAD GROUND MARKINGS AND INFRASTRUCTURE
7:30am to 9:30am
5:00pm to 8:00pmNormal Bus Lane: Monday to Friday –
Full-Day Bus Lane: Monday to Saturday – 7:30am to 11:00pm
Bus Lane Markings
Full-Day Bus Lane Normal Bus Lane
A red and yellow line on a lane of the road indicates a full-day bus lane. On-road cyclists should cycle in a single file when cycling in the bus
lane during bus lane operating hours and be extra cautious when there is heavy bus traffic.
A yellow line on a lane of the road indicates a normal bus lane. On-road cyclists should cycle in a single file when cycling in the bus lane
during bus lane operating hours and be extra cautious when there is heavy bus traffic.
ON-ROAD GROUND MARKINGS AND INFRASTRUCTURE
Bus Priority Box, Give Way lines and Give Way Triangle markingGive way triangle markings, give way lines and a yellow box with an arrow placed at the exit of a bus bay indicates a mandatory give-way
to buses area.
On-road cyclists should slow down upon approaching the first give way triangle marking and look out for buses exiting the bus bay. On-road
cyclists shall come to a complete stop after the second give way triangle marking and before the give way lines to give way to buses exiting
the bus bay.
On-road cyclists may continue cycling onwards after all buses have fully exited the bus bay and when there are no more buses exiting the
bus bay.
Road Markings found at Bus Stops under ‘Bus Priority Box’ Scheme
Give-Way LinesBus Priority Box
ON-ROAD GROUND MARKINGS AND INFRASTRUCTURE
Give-Way
Triangle
Road Markings found at Bus Stops
Enhanced Chevron Zone at Bus-Stop SeparatorRed and white Bus-stop separator areas indicate an enhanced chevron zone. The enhanced chevron zone alerts motorists and on-road
cyclists that buses may be exiting from the bus bay. On-road cyclists should not enter the enhanced chevron zone and look out for buses
exiting the bus bay.
ON-ROAD GROUND MARKINGS AND INFRASTRUCTURE
Road Markings on at Road Junctions
Parallel Broken White Lines2 rows of parallel broken white lines indicate the end of a minor
junction as it joins into the major road.
On-road cyclists should slow down and be prepared to stop when
approaching. On-road cyclists shall give way to traffic on the major
road.
Single Solid White LineA single solid white line indicates a stop line. On-road cyclists must
stop before the line and look out for traffic along the adjacent road.
Parallel Broken White Lines Single Solid White Line
ON-ROAD GROUND MARKINGS AND INFRASTRUCTURE
Right-Turn PocketBroken white lines that form a box extending from a right turning
lane as shown in the diagram above indicates a right-turn pocket.
On-road cyclists turning right at junctions with right-turn pockets
should stay within the pocket while waiting for on-coming traffic to
clear up before proceeding to turn right when it is safe to do so.
Road Markings on at Road Junctions (cont’d)
Yellow BoxA yellow box as shown in the diagram above indicates that
motorists are not allowed to stop or wait in this box. On-road
cyclists on the major road should not stop within the yellow box
when traffic comes to a standstill. Keep a look out for vehicles
turning out from the minor road when crossing the yellow box.
Right-Turn Pocket
ON-ROAD GROUND MARKINGS AND INFRASTRUCTURE
Yellow Box
School Zones indicate areas around schools where motorists and
cyclists have to be mindful of students. They are identified by the
“School Zone” signs at the start and end of the zone.
“SLOW” and “SCHOOL” road markings as well as red textured road
surfaces help to alert motorists that they are approaching a school
zone.
There will be various traffic signs to inform cyclists and motorists
that they are entering into a school zone, as shown below.
Start/End of School Zone
Slow down and stop if necessary. Keep a look out for children
walking or crossing the road.
When cycling through a school zone, keep a look out for vehicles
entering and exiting the school’s vehicle accesses. Be mindful of
passengers/drivers alighting from cars parked along the roadside.
“40 km/h When Lights Flash” Sign
This sign is placed at the start of a demarcated Enhanced School
Zone (with reduced speed limit).
It indicates that the section of road ahead fronts a primary/special
school and that vehicles shall not travel at more than 40 km per
hour in the school zone when the accompanying amber lights are
flashing alternately.
Red Textured Road Surface
ON-ROAD GROUND MARKINGS AND INFRASTRUCTURE – SCHOOL ZONE
Silver Zones indicate areas which have received road safety
improvements due to a larger population of seniors living in those
particular areas. Cyclists in these zones should be alert to senior
pedestrians and reduce speeds.
Silver Zone
Sign
End of Silver
Zone Sign
Senior
Pedestrians
40km/h Speed
Limit sign
Beyond this
sign, do not
exceed 40kmh.
Informal Crossings
are placed at
locations to
facilitate pedestrian
crossing activities
without impeding
traffic efficiency. At
these crossings,
vehicles have the
right-of-way.
Traffic signs located at the entrance into Silver Zones inform
cyclists that they entering a special zone.
Cyclists should observe the posted speed limit within Silver Zone
where sign and road markings will be implemented to indicate the
speed limit. Road markings, such as three yellow rumble strips,
help reduce the cyclists’ speed when entering Silver Zones.
Traffic calming road
improvements such as chicanes
and reduction of lane widths
can be found in Silver Zones.
Chicanes comprises of a series
of S-shaped curves, motorists
are encourage to drive slowly
and carefully. Cyclists should be
alert of such infrastructure and
position themselves in the
centre of the lane for their own
safety.
Chicanes
Yellow Rumble Strips
Chicanes
ON-ROAD GROUND MARKINGS AND INFRASTRUCTURE – SILVER ZONE
Informal
Crossings