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Module 2Toward
Professional Status
Chapter 2
11
ED 310-P60 Professional Foundations of Education
Lewis Clark State CollegeMelinda Tompkins, PhD
This PowerPoint
Highlights your reading The majority of the content here is
based on your reading and author’s outline.
It becomes the “lecture” for your online course
Teaching as a Profession
Is teaching a profession?
What is the professional model?
33
Requirements of a Profession
According to the National Relations Act Requires advanced knowledge and a
prolonged period of specialized study. Be an intellectual endeavor that
involves discretion and judgment. Has an output that cannot be
standardized.
American Association of Colleges of Teacher Education says a profession:
Has agreed-upon performance standards.
Provides services essential to society that requires decision making
Autonomy in day to day work ad relative freedom from direct supervision
Professional Societies that function for promotion of the profession
Specialized Knowledge and Preparation
a broad grounding in liberal arts and sciences
a knowledge of subjects to be taught, skills to be developed, and about curriculum and materials
a knowledge of general and subject-specific methods
a knowledge of students and human development
66L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations ofAmerican Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education,
Inc.
Specialized Knowledge and Preparation (continued)
skills in teaching students from a variety of racial, ethnic, and socio-economic backgrounds
the skills, capacity, and disposition to use knowledge wisely in the interest of students
77L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations ofAmerican Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education,
Inc.
Provision of Essential Services to Society
“If a nation expects to be ignorant and free in a state of civilization, it expects what never was and never will be.”
Thomas Jefferson, 1816 to Charles Yancey, as cited in Lipscomb, A. A., & Bergh, A. E. (1903-1904). The writings
of Thomas Jefferson. Memorial edition, Vol. 14, p. 384. Washington, D.C.: The Thomas Jefferson Memorial Association.
88
The Exercise of Discretion
Teachers routinely exercise discretion and judgment in providing services to students in the classroom.
Teachers follow school policies and regulations, district curriculum guides, and state requirements.
99
Autonomy and Freedom From Direct Supervision
Teachers have a high degree of autonomy in day-to-day work.
Teachers function in the social setting of the school.
Parents and taxpayers have an interest in ensuring that teachers are responsible professionals.
Some degree of supervision of teachers is necessary.
1010
Code of Professional Standards
Teachers are policed by public agencies.
Professional practice boards or commissions may:– take disciplinary action, following a
review of any questionable professional conduct
1111
Professional Code of Ethics
A Code of Ethics is a collection of moral standards that guide a professional.
The Federal Government, States, and Professional Organizations have developed a Code of Ethics for teachers. Although they each have their own, with a few differences they are very much in alignment with each other.
1212
Idaho Code of Ethics
Download the Idaho Code of Ethics summary found on the course home page.
Look it over You will be asked to go over the
Code of Ethics when entering your student teaching internship
Increased Professionalization of Teaching
standards for teacher education preparation
state licensing requirements entry-level examinations professional certification programs performance-based pay programs career with opportunities for
advancement
1414L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations ofAmerican Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education,
Inc.
Professional StandardsINTASC
INTASC Principles = Interstate New Teachers Assessment and Support Consortium
These standards reflect the professional consensus of what beginning teachers should know and be able to do.
INSTAC Principals
Content Pedagogy Student
Development Diverse Learners Multiple
Instructional Strategies
Motivation and Management
Communication and Technology
Planning Assessment Reflective Practice:
Professional Growth
School and Community Involvement
National Board Certification
National Board of Professional Teaching Standards (NBPTS)– Individualized portfolio
assesses knowledgedemonstrates skillsshows professional judgment
– Professional and financial incentives
1717L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations ofAmerican Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education,
Inc.
Professional Development
state professional development activities
professional organizations conferences focused workshops action research projects staff development
1818L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations ofAmerican Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education,
Inc.
Professional Development (continued)
mentoring programs self-renewal
– sabbaticals for advanced study– periodic change of school or teaching
assignment– attendance at workshops or
conferences– visitation programs
1919L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations ofAmerican Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education,
Inc.
Career Advancement
Career ladders– performance-based ladders– job-enlargement ladders– professional development ladders
probationary or apprentice teacherprofessional teachersenior teachermaster teacher
Teacher-leaders
2020L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations ofAmerican Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education,
Inc.
Evaluating Teacher Performance
Types of teacher evaluation– Summative
designed to assess end-of-activity behaviors and overall performance
– Formativeongoing; intended to provide
continuing feedback
2121L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations ofAmerican Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education,
Inc.
Teachers’ Organizations
national teachers’ organizations state organizations for teachers local organizations for teachers subject-matter organizations for
teachers teachers’ organizations and public
policy issues
2222L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations ofAmerican Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education,
Inc.