Growing more fish and plants for human consumption and enjoyment
Module 3
Review: Module 2 - Beds, FiltersWhat are the filter types?
•Ebb and Flow •Flow through
•River bed•Deep gravel•Strawberry tower
•NFT Nutrient Film Technique•DWC Deep water culture
•Raft methodWhat does the bell siphon do?
•Aerate water in gravel beds•Aid biofiltration
What else do Grow beds do?•Grow plants•Collect solids •Host earthworms•Convert Ammonia
Cost?
Develop safe reliable system using one pumpUtilize gravityUnderstand head, hp to watts to kwh to costGFIC required
Understanding dissolved oxygenVenturi Sheeting Use Flow form aeration where ever possible
Understanding filtrationGravel beds for trapping solids and also for additional biofiltration Ebb and flow – Build simple bell siphon prototype Flow through bedsNFT- Nutrient film techniqueLow cost main biofilter
Plants are for Nitrate removal Ammonia removal CO2 / carbonic acid production
Meet plant fertilizer needsGrow plants in soil if not aquaticSoil based plants - vermicast, cocopeatDependant on capillary action of potting soil – we have ideal materials
First Prototype
Denitrification
Nitrification
Ion Balance
Gas Stripping
Alkalinity Addition
BOD Reduction
Dissolved RefractoryManagement
Aeration
Solids Removal
Mineralization
InertSolids
O2
CO2
NO2NO3
N2
TANBODSolids
NH3
NH4+
Bacteria
H+
Modified version from Ronald F. Malone, Dept of Civil Engineering, Louisiana State University
Full time security
Bed types for plant typesSoil based Plants get soilWater based plants get gravelFloating Plants get to Float
TankCulture
SolidsRemoval Biofilter Sump
HydroponicSubsystem
Conventional Aquaponics
Plants Grown in soil less medium
Raft method--DWCNFT
Grow Medium: Perlite, rock wool, coir, peat, synthetic
Settled solidsSuspended solids
$.09 (4 peso) start plugsCompressed Bark
Bacci tower installed
Biofiltration
Vortex Filter
Settled Solids Catchment
Gravity Settled solids
Only necessary if gravel beds are limited
TankCulture
SolidsRemoval Biofilter Sump
HydroponicSubsystem
Plants Grown in soil less medium
Raft method--DWCNFT
Combined Aquaponics
Grow Medium: Perlite, rock wool, coir, peat, synthetic.Supplemental Aeration
Settled solidsSuspended solids
NFT(Nutrient Film Technique)
Second bed prototype
Plants Starts Grown in soil, compost etc.
TankCulture
SolidsRemoval Biofilter Sump
HydroponicSubsystem
Plants Starts Grown in soil, compost etc.
Flood and Drain--Ebb and FlowFlow Through
Advanced Aquaponics
Grow Medium: Gravel for Flood and Drain Potting soil (Wick) for Raft and NFT
Ebb and Flow
Strawberry tower
Flow Through Tower
Flow Through River
FishCulture
in Sump
SolidsRemoval Biofilter
HydroponicSubsystem
Plants Grown in soil, compost etc.
Flood and Drain
Convenient Aquaponics
Grow Medium: Gravel for Flood and Drain Potting soil or blocks (Wick) for NFT
Conversion BedsRaised Soil Beds to
Cement Ebb and Flow
FishCulture
in Sump
Ebb and Flow
Convenient Aquaponics
Grow Medium: Gravel for Flood and Drain Potting soil or blocks (Wick) for NFT
3/4” Gravel for Flood and Drain
NFT
RecycleRe-useReduce
NFT
Ebb and Flow
Bacci tower prototype
Test prototypebefore you install
Supply distribution manifold loop
Bacci tower installed
4 produce crates
Bacci tower installed
Supply distributionmanifold loop
fecal matter
waste produced by fish
Ammonia (50% + secreted through gills and urine)
Mineralization Heterotrophic bacteria consumes fish waste, decaying plant matterand uneaten food, converting all
three to ammonia and other compounds.
Nitrifying bacteria
(Nitrosomonas bacteria)
O2
CO2
CO2
O2
Some Nutrient Exchanges in Nature
Biofilters perform optimallyat a temperature range of 77 to86 °F, a pH range of 7.0 to 9.0, Saturated DO, low BOD (
Bacci tower
Low blockage high surface area
Block and tackle lift
Block and tackle lift
Solids filter cartridge
Bacci tower
Ebb and Flow
Herb Production
Ebb and Flow
Nutrient Film Bed
FNSFishwater Nutrient Solution
FNSFishwater Nutrient Solution
FNSFishwater
Nutrient Solution
FNSFishwater Nutrient Solution
Aloha Gourmet Salad
Arugula Gotocola Dandelion WatercressRed lettuce
Anjin flowersCosmos leaves Yellow amaranthGreen leaf lettuce
Aeration Flow Forms
Grow your own feedString Algae
Grow your own feedString Algae
Grow your own feedString Algae
Grow your own feedBlanket Algae
Aeration Flow Forms
Aeration Flow Forms
Aeration Flow Forms
Aeration Flow Forms
Aeration Flow Forms
Aeration Flow Forms
Aeration Flow Form Production
Aeration Flow Forms
Air in Air stone
Water in
Water/Air
Water/Airout
Directional Vortex
Air in
Water in
Pond bottom Aeration vortex
Venturi
Single Motor Aeration
Eductor type air jet - Venturi
Higher pressure
Lower pressure
Commercial Venturi Eductor type air jet
Sheeting
Red Tilapia
Fish require aerated water rich in oxygen and free of poisons
Lettuce
Grow Your Own Feed
Culture TypesTankPond Cage
Cage Culture in a recirculating pond system
Grow Your Own Feed
Culture TypesTankPond Cage in cement pond
Culture TypesTankPond Cage in lake
Culture TypesTankPond Cage
Culture TypesTankPond Cage in lake
Culture TypesTankPond Cage
Culture TypesTankPond Cage
Fry Nursery Fingerling Nursery
Culture TypesTankPond Cage
Constant HeightOne Pump System
pump
Water level
Sump
Low OxygenWater
High OxygenWater
Settled Solidsand
Detritus
Settled Solidsand
Detritus
Culture TypesTankPond Cage
Constant HeightOne Pump System
pump
Water level
Sump
Low OxygenWater
High OxygenWater
Settled Solidsand
Detritus
Settled Solidsand
Detritus
Observation Filter withBell Siphon
200 L grow out tankRef liner
Culture TypesTankPond Cage
300 L grow out tank
CHOPS w/ venturi
Culture TypesTankPond Cage
Culture TypesTankPond Cage
Culture TypesTankPond Cage
Culture TypesTankPond Cage
Culture TypesTankPond Cage
High protein vegetative feed--Azzolla--
Grow Your Own Feed
Stomach and intestine of tilapia.White arrows show path of feed when fish are fed before the stomach empties. Tan arrows show path of feed when fish are fed at proper intervals.
Stomach
Intestine
Timed Feeding
HumicSubstances
Water AdditiveFish appetite stimulantAnti viral propertiesIncreases microbial activityStabilizes soil nutrients
Terminology of Humus-related MaterialsHumus--product resulting from decay of organic matter. Contains both humic and non-humic material.Humin--the alkali-insoluble fraction of leonardite. (The usage of this term does not correspond exactly with the usage by other workers.) .Humic substances--(plural) the collective name for the acid radicals found in humic matter. Typically separated from humic matter by alkaline extraction.Humic acid--(singular) the acid radical found in humic matter which is soluble in alkali but insoluble in acid, methyl ethyl ketone, and methyl alcohol.Humate--the salts of humic acids, collectively, or the salts of humic acid specifically. (The usage must be determined from the context.)Fulvic acid--the acid radical found in humic matter which is soluble in alkali, acid, methyl ethyl ketone, and methyl alcohol.Fulvates--the salts of fulvic acid.Leonardite--a soft brown coal-like deposit usually found in conjunction with deposits of lignite.Lignite--a type of soft coal.
Humic Substances
Water AdditiveFish appetite stimulantAnti viral propertiesIncreases microbial activityStabilizes soil nutrients
P.G.R.Plant Growth Regulator
A composition comprising plant growth regulating substances which composition is a sterilized culture filtrate recovered from a culture of the spawn of a Basidiomycete fungus incubated in a medium containing at least 10% available carbohydrate in the presence of long wavelength light, and in the substantial absence of agitation, wherein said medium has a BRIX value of 12-15 and further contains potassiumion and carotene, and wherein said filtrate is the liquid portion of said culture from which proteins have been denatured and removed, wherein said medium comprises molasses and/or pineapple or papaya syrup or juice.
Liquid Compost
Factor
P.G.R.Plant Growth Regulator
Seaweed ExtractsSeaweed extracts contain natural plant growth regulators (PGR) which control the growth and structural development of plants. The major plant growth regulator are auxins, cytokinins, indoles and hormones. These PGRs seaweed are in very small quantities generally measured in parts per million. It only takes a very small amount of these to do the job.Indole compounds help the development of plant roots and buds.Cytokinins are hormones that promote growth via rapidly speeding up the process of cell division making seaweed extract of value in treating tissue cultures. When they are applied to foliage the leaves rejuvenate stimulating photosynthesis. Thus they stay green longer. The cytokinins in seaweed extract are a major factor when applied to apple and peach trees in promoting the growth of fruiting spurs and reduce premature dropping of fruit. Auxins, also hormones, occur in the roots and stems during cell division. They move to areas of cell elongation where they allow the walls of cells to stretch. Auxins actually give fruits and vegetables a naturally longer shelf life. This is known as delaying senescense: the deterioration of cells and tissues that results in rotting.
Neem Detritus
Water AdditiveAnti viral propertiesAzadiractin
tetranortriterpenoid
EM F.R.W.Fermented Rice Wash
Hugas bigas
1/2 K Nile Tilapia
Culture tanks--Unicellular Algae--
Fry stage
Blanket Algae
Fry stage
Grow your own feed:Duckweed
Fingerling stage
Grow your own feed:Duckweed
Fingerling stage
Grow your own feed:Duckweed
Fingerling stage
Grow your own feedDuckweed
Fingerling stage
Azolla caroliniana
Grow your own feedString Algae
Fingerling stageGrower stage
Grow your own feedAzolla
Grower stage
Grow your own feedFloating feed
Finishing stage
Fertilize water, algae
Feeding Strategies
StockingDensities
Natural Food/Pond Food Organisms
ArtificialFeeding
Extensive
Semi Intensive
Intensive
Azolla, Duck Weed, Bulati, Some Feed
Concentrate orCommercial Feed
Azolla is feed for tilapia and hogs
Grow Your Own Feed
Cosmos
Grow Your Own Feed
Manure collection weekly
Grow Your Own Feed
Grow Your Own Feed
Grow Your Own Feed
Potting Mix for capillary action1 part Soil1 part Sand1 part Cocopeat1 part Vermicast1 part CRH - Uling na ipa
Grow Your Own Feed
Potting Mix for capillary action1 part Soil1 part Sand1 part Cocopeat1 part Vermicast1 part Uling na ipa
Peat ProductionBack to anaerobic processPeat Production
Back to anaerobic process
Grade 2
Grade 3
Grade 1
Grow Your Own Feed
Grow Your Own Feed
Grow Your Own Feed
Grow Your Own Feed
Algae tank life•zooplankton, insect eggs, larva•large bodied animals mosquito larvae and bloodworms which come from midges, nymphs and larvae from damsel and dragon fly, springtail and mayfly
Grow Your Own Feed
Eggspresent in clumps of up to 300laying to hatching takes 1 day
Larva - 1st instarInitially feeds on fluid exuded from the mattermigrates into bodyhatching to first moult takes 1 day
Larva - 2nd instarmoves around in maggot massfirst moult to second moult takes 1 day
Larva - 3rd instarstill moves in massgreatly increases in sizesecond molt to pre-pupa takes 2 days
Pre-pupamigrates away from the corpse seeking a suitable pupation site,(usually in soil)does not feedtransforms into pupapre-pupa to pupa takes 4 days
Puparesides within pupariumundergoes transformation from larval body form adult flydoes not feedpupa to emergence takes 10 days
Adult flymates on emergence from pupafeeds on protein from body fluidslays eggs on corpseemergence to egg laying takes 2 days
These development times are generalized. They vary depending on the species and the temperature.
1 1
1
2410
2
9 day cycle to Pupae
19 day cycle to adulthood
Juvenile fly
Eats with mouth and vomit
2 week lifespan
The Black Soldier Fly BSF
(Hermetia illucens)
Blow Fly
Size comparisonGrow Your Own Feed
The Black Soldier Fly Grub Culture(Hermetia illucens)
Does not EatDoes not have mouth
or vomit
Eats with mouth and vomit
Grow Your Own Feed
Grow your own Feed
The Black Soldier Fly Grub Culture(Hermetia illucens)
Grow your own Feed
The Black Soldier Fly Grub Culture(Hermetia illucens)
Grow your own Feed
The Black Soldier Fly Grub Culture(Hermetia illucens)
35º
35º
Grow your own Feed
The Black Soldier Fly Grub Culture(Hermetia illucens)
Actively feeding grubs will secrete a natural fly repellant called a synomone (an interspecies,
chemical communication) that alerts and warns other kinds of flies to stay away from the food, since BSF are already present
Uses for Liquid Tea1. Natural Filth Fly Repellent2. Female Attractant for Restarting Colony3. Liquid Plant Fertilizer (dilute 20:1)
35º
auto-collecting side bucket continually
harvests grubs
Grow your own Feed
The Black Soldier Fly Grub Culture(Hermetia illucens)
Pair of angled, 35˚ migration ramps allow for natural migration and auto-separation of grubs. Inner edge
of 1" ramps possess a raised lip to guide grubs and optimize crawl-off. Ramps
converge at top into a single vertical exit
port.
screw
body filler
wood spacerRamp detail
Grow your own Feed
The Black Soldier Fly Grub Culture(Hermetia illucens)
Pair of angled, 35˚ migration ramps allow for natural migration and auto-separation of grubs. Inner edge
of 1" ramps possess a raised lip to guide grubs and optimize crawl-off. Ramps
converge at top into a single vertical exit
port.
Grow your own Feed
The Black Soldier Fly Grub Culture(Hermetia illucens)
Leachate collection
Grow your own Feed
The Black Soldier Fly Grub Culture(Hermetia illucens)
Egg Depository
Grow your own Feed
The Black Soldier Fly Grub Culture(Hermetia illucens)
Female
Grow your own Feed
The Black Soldier Fly Grub Culture(Hermetia illucens)
Grubs“Phoenix worms”
Blow FlyControl
EggMaggotPupaeAdult
Juvenile fly
(Filth Fly)(House Fly)
(Bottle Fly)
Grow Your Own Feed
Blow FlyControl
Grow Your Own Feed
Does not EatDoes not have mouth
and vomit
Actively feeding grubs will secrete a natural fly repellant called a synomone (an interspecies, chemical communication) that alerts and warns other kinds of flies to stay away from the food, since BSF are already present
Uses for Liquid Tea1. Natural Filth Fly Repellent2. Female Attractant for Restarting Colony3. Liquid Plant Fertilizer (dilute 20:1)
The Black Soldier Fly Grub Culture(Hermetia illucens)
Grow Your Own Feed
EM Floating Feed Blocks
Bokashi Blocks (Fish Feed) Tilapia - w/ Fish Meal no GulayCrude Protein P/ 50K sack Cost
B Meg 32.00% 1,300.00 26.00 P/ KiloFermented EM Feed 33.34% 517.57 10.35 P/ Kilo
IngredientCrude Protein Weight (K) Cost P/Kilo CP Units COST Tiki Tiki 14% 1.00 6.00 0.14 6.00 P
Copra Meal 22% 1.00 6.00 0.22 6.00 PFish Meal 72% 1.00 20.00 0.72 20.00 P
Azolla- Gulay 44% 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 PLivestock Lime 0% 0.01 8.00 0.00 0.08 P
Rock Dust Minerals 0% 0.02 2.00 0.00 0.04 PCharcoal - fine 0% 0.01 1.00 0.00 0.01 P
Fish Sliage (FAA) 33% 0.10 6.00 0.03 0.60 PMolases 3% 0.10 8.00 -- 0.80 P
EM 1% 0.10 8.00 -- 0.80 P3.24 1.08 33.53 P
EM Floating Feed Blocks
Wet mix, tight compressionand complete drying
Grow Your Own Feed
EM Floating Feed Blocks
Grow Azolla to lower cost of feed
EM Floating Feed Pellets
Grow Your Own Feed
EM Floating Feed Pellets
Grow Your Own Feed
EM Floating Feed Pellets
Grow Your Own Feed
Grow Your Own Feed
Sun Dried Feed Made with pelletizer
Fixed feeder
Grow Your Own Feed
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