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Module 4 : SELF-CARE
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Module 4:
SELF-CARE
Module 4:
SELF-CARE
Leprosy puts the patient’s eyes, hands and feet at risk of developing impairments and disabilities.
Leprosy puts the patient’s eyes, hands and feet at risk of developing impairments and disabilities.
These may lead to serious repercussions not just on the physical but also the psychological and socio-economic aspects of a patient’s life.
These may lead to serious repercussions not just on the physical but also the psychological and socio-economic aspects of a patient’s life.
Prevention of impairments and disabilities (POID) is a shared responsibility that requires active participation and collaboration of the patient, his family, and community along with the health care worker.
Prevention of impairments and disabilities (POID) is a shared responsibility that requires active participation and collaboration of the patient, his family, and community along with the health care worker.
The patient must be able to continue performing his activities of daily living (ADL) and participate in family and community activities.
The patient must be able to continue performing his activities of daily living (ADL) and participate in family and community activities.
Why is Self-Care Important?Why is Self-Care Important?
Impairments and disabilities in leprosy are caused by damage to the peripheral nerves of the eyes, hands and feet.
Impairments and disabilities in leprosy are caused by damage to the peripheral nerves of the eyes, hands and feet.
Loss of these nerves’ functions places the patient at a lifelong risk of developing secondary impairments such as skin cracks, injuries and joint stiffness.
Loss of these nerves’ functions places the patient at a lifelong risk of developing secondary impairments such as skin cracks, injuries and joint stiffness.
Why is Self-Care Important?Why is Self-Care Important?
Involvement of the eye may even lead to blindness.
Involvement of the eye may even lead to blindness.
These impairments can limit activities of daily living (ADL) and restrict social participation.
These impairments can limit activities of daily living (ADL) and restrict social participation.
Teaching self-care means empowering the patients to enable them to take care of themselves through effective transfer of technology and provision of opportunities to practice what they learn in preventing disabilities.
Teaching self-care means empowering the patients to enable them to take care of themselves through effective transfer of technology and provision of opportunities to practice what they learn in preventing disabilities.
Why is Self-Care Important?Why is Self-Care Important?
Neglect of insensitive hands and feet, may be due to:
Neglect of insensitive hands and feet, may be due to:
What are the Reasons for the Occurrence of Ulcers and Injuries?What are the Reasons for the Occurrence of Ulcers and Injuries?
• limited knowledge;• limited knowledge;• poor attitude; and/or• poor attitude; and/or• inadequate performance of self-care• inadequate performance of self-care
by the patient and his family.by the patient and his family.
This neglect can result in complications such as ulcers and injuries that may become infected, furthering the patient’s impairments and deformities and limiting his activities and social participation.
This neglect can result in complications such as ulcers and injuries that may become infected, furthering the patient’s impairments and deformities and limiting his activities and social participation.
What are the Reasons for the Occurrence of Ulcers and Injuries?What are the Reasons for the Occurrence of Ulcers and Injuries?
• Not resting the injured part;• Not resting the injured part;
Why Don’t Wounds Heal:Why Don’t Wounds Heal:
• Not using proper footwear;• Not using adaptation devices;• Using inappropriate ointments; and• Low self-esteem – poor social support
leading to self-neglect.
• Not using proper footwear;• Not using adaptation devices;• Using inappropriate ointments; and• Low self-esteem – poor social support
leading to self-neglect.
How to Care for Wounds,Ulcers and Skin Cracks:How to Care for Wounds,Ulcers and Skin Cracks:
The most important task is to prevent infection from occurring.
The most important task is to prevent infection from occurring.
How to Care for Wounds,Ulcers and Skin Cracks:How to Care for Wounds,Ulcers and Skin Cracks:
If there are no signs of infection, the area should be:
If there are no signs of infection, the area should be:
• cleaned;• cleaned;• dressed;• dressed;• rested.• rested.
If there are signs of infection, treat with systemic antibiotics.
If there are signs of infection, treat with systemic antibiotics.
Wound Types:
• Clean
• Clear serous discharge
• Superficial
• Deep
• Exudes pus
• Foul smelling
• Area around wound is hot, red & swollen
• Lymph nodes are tender and swollen
• Give assurance.
• Rest.
• Elevate.
• Cover wound with clean cloth.
• Clean daily with clean water and cover again with clean cloth.
Wound Types:
• Clean
• Clear serous discharge
• Superficial
12 Days Later:
• Wound surface area is smaller.
• Less discharge.
• New skin is growing around the edges.
Congratulate patient and encourage him to continue
until wound heals completely.
12 Days Later:
• Wound has not improved or has deteriorated.
• Discuss problem with patient.
If patient has not been able to follow instructions:
• Investigate reasons, try & solve problems with the patient
• If wound is not infected, encourage home care again.
• If infected, treat with systemic antibiotics.
However, ifHowever, if
• Surgical debridement
• Antibiotics
• Casting (PoP)
If patient has followed
instructions faithfully
12 Days Later:
• Wound has not improved or has deteriorated.
• Discuss problem with patient.
• Unna Boot
If patient has followed
instructions faithfully
12 Days Later:
• Wound has not improved or has deteriorated.
• Discuss problem with patient.
• Surgical debridement
• Amputation
If patient has followed
instructions faithfully
12 Days Later:
• Wound has not improved or has deteriorated.
• Discuss problem with patient.
• Deep
• Exudes pus
• Foul smelling
• Area around wound is hot, red & swollen
• Lymph nodes are tender and swollen
• Surgical debridement
• Antibiotics
• Casting (PoP)
Wound Types:
• Deep
• Exudes pus
• Foul smelling
• Area around wound is hot, red & swollen
• Lymph nodes are tender and swollen
• Unna Boot
Wound Types:
• Deep
• Exudes pus
• Foul smelling
• Area around wound is hot, red & swollen
• Lymph nodes are tender and swollen
• Surgical debridement
• Amputation
Wound Types:
