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ISLAM, A LEGACY OF ROME, REALLY?
Conquests of Mediterranean Architectural style Administrative apparatus Translation and assimilation of ancient
Greek philosophy, science, medicine…
ARABIA, THE PERIPHERY
Persia Rome Natural resources
? Barley habitable Few harbors No lakes No trees Only Arabia Felix!
7TH C ARABIA Outside Yemen, primarily nomadic
Bedouin Basis of tribal structure Extensive kinship groups, importance of 2nd
cousin once removed Poor opinion of authority, government. Leaders
with little power. Sheik is more of a judge. Tribal feuds – water Razzia – raids on other tribes
Importance of Mecca and Medina Opinion of Persians and Romans?
MOHAMMED
Merchant from Mecca? Khadija. Religious leader at 40.
622, Hijara. Flight to Medina. Meccans try to assassinate Mohammed?
Sources Sira – formal biographies, written in 700s Koran
REVELATION OF MOHAMMED
615 Biblical Monotheism in the periphery
Progression of prophets First converts: Ali and Fatima, Abu Bakr,
Othman the Umayyad, Omar al Khatab Quaraish family from Mecca opposes
nascent Islam Appeal to lower classes Threat to trade, way of life, social order
MEDINA Invites Mohammed as an arbiter Islamic identity emerges
Expulsion of Jews Religious loyalty more important than tribal Mecca replaces Jerusalem Stops celebrating Yom Kippur, institutes
Ramadan Friday becomes Sabbath Disputes to be heard by religious leaders People of the Book No depiction of the human figure 'Seal of the Prophets'
Abraham, Moses, Elijah, Jesus, Mohammed