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Verónica Sarassa GonzálezSchool of Health
SciencesSemester III
February 12 / 2011
INTRODUCTION
Elusive Z-DNA Found On Nucleosomes. (ScienceDaily Jan. 20, 2012). A team of researchers led by Dr Keji Zhao discovered that they could convert B-DNA to Z-DNA on nucleosomes.
Human Immune Cells React Sensitively to 'Stress‘. (ScienceDaily (Feb. 2, 2012). Scientists working with Professor Bernd Kaina of the Institute of Toxicology at the Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz demonstrated that monocytes are extremely sensitive to reactive oxygen species (ROS).
ELUSIVE Z-DNA FOUND ON NUCLEOSOMES.
(Science Daily Jan. 20, 2012).
• The DNA is the nucleic acid that carries the genetic information.
• The B-DNA is the most known form of DNA.
• The Z-DNA forms in a process of negative
supercoiling, and it is a left-handed variety of
the DNA .
www.sciencedaily.com
Cromosome
Cromatin
Nucleosome
Protein
DNA
ELUSIVE Z-DNA FOUND ON NUCLEOSOMES.
(Science Daily Jan. 20, 2012).
What did scientists thought?
• Before: Z-DNA only forms in
presence of RNA polymerase.
• Now:The protein SWI/SNF can
convert B in Z-DNA
ELUSIVE Z-DNA FOUND ON NUCLEOSOMES.
(Science Daily Jan. 20, 2012).
www.sciencedaily.com
The Z-nucleosome is a new structure formed
by the convertion of B-DNA to Z-DNA in
nucleosomes, with the addition of SWI/SNF
and ATP.
ELUSIVE Z-DNA FOUND ON NUCLEOSOMES.
(Science Daily Jan. 20, 2012).
www.sciencedaily.com
Opinion: With the new forms of
DNA, like Z-DNA in the near future scientists will be able to manipulate the genetic information.
ELUSIVE Z-DNA FOUND ON NUCLEOSOMES.
(Science Daily Jan. 20, 2012).
Monocyte
• Monocytes are white blood cells important in the inmune system.
• These cells are made in the bone marrow, and they spread through the body in one to three days. They can develop into either dendritic cells or macrophages.
Macrophage
• A type of white blood that ingests foreign material. Macrophages are key players in the immune response to foreign invaders such as infectious microorganisms.
ROS
• Aggressive forms of oxygen that are generated during states of "oxidative stress" and play a significant role in various diseases.
ELUSIVE Z-DNA FOUND ON NUCLEOSOMES.
(Science Daily Jan. 20, 2012).
HUMAN IMMUNE CELLS REACT SENSITIVELY TO 'STRESS‘ (Sciencedaily (Feb.
2, 2012)
Monocytes
Macrophages :
ROS
BloodstreamTissue
Production
www.sciencedaily.com
Sensibility to ROS
MONOCYTES MACROPHAGES
www.sciencedaily.com
HUMAN IMMUNE CELLS REACT SENSITIVELY TO 'STRESS‘ (Sciencedaily (Feb.
2, 2012)
ROS Are the reason for
this study, scientists wanted to show the relationship between
monocytes and them. They cause
damages in the DNA and lead to cell
death or malignant transformation.
HUMAN IMMUNE CELLS REACT SENSITIVELY TO 'STRESS‘ (Sciencedaily (Feb.
2, 2012)
www.sciencedaily.com
Opinion:
Due to how dangerous ROS are, it is important to know the mechanisms that
lead to the production of them, because in this way scientists can find a way to
protect cells and the organism from them.
HUMAN IMMUNE CELLS REACT SENSITIVELY TO 'STRESS‘ (Sciencedaily (Feb.
2, 2012)
MEDICAL UTILITY: Elusive Z-DNA Found On Nucleosomes. (ScienceDaily
Jan. 20, 2012)
Regulation of the genetic expression. For example, in a family that the gen of albinism has been
present throughout generations, the posssibility for it to stop expressing.www.sciencedaily.com
Block the genetic expression. For example, blocking the gene of
cancer, that could appear in any time of a person’s life
MEDICAL UTILITY: Elusive Z-DNA Found On Nucleosomes. (ScienceDaily
Jan. 20, 2012)
MEDICAL UTILITY: Human Immune Cells React Sensitively to 'Stress‘. (ScienceDaily
(Feb. 2, 2012)
ROS will cellular oxidation, which will lead to the control of cell
aging. With the pass of time, there will be
more treatments that help people to
avoid situations related with aging.
www.sciencedaily.com
Apoptosis will low it’s levels because of the reduction of the oxidant
effect.
MONOCYTEMONOCYT
E
MEDICAL UTILITY: Human Immune Cells React Sensitively to 'Stress‘. (ScienceDaily
(Feb. 2, 2012)
BIBLIOGRAPHY
• ScienceDaily. Retrieved February 12, 2012, from http://www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2012/01/120120183042.htm
• ScienceDaily. Retrieved February 12, 2012, from http://www.sciencedaily.com- /releases/2012/02/120202093834.htm
• MARTINEZ SÁNCHEZ, Lina María. Biología molecular. 2. ed. Medellín: UPB. Fac. de Medicina, 2006. 208
THANKS