Molecular Models Lab

# of bonds Shape Resonance?

• O2 2 (1,1) linear No

• H2O 2 (2) bent No

• NH3 3 (3) trigonal pyramid No

• CH4 4 (4) tetrahedral No

• N2 3 (1,2) bent No

• HCN4 (2,2) linear No

• CO2 4 (2,2) linear Yes

• N2O 4 (2,2) linear Yes

# of bonds Shape Resonance?

• SO4-2 4 (4) tetrahedral No

• NO2-1 3 (2,1) bent Yes

• NO3-1 4 (3,1) trigonal planar Yes

• H2CO 4 (3,1) trigonal planar No

# of bonds Shape Resonance?

• HCO2-1 4 (3,1) trigonal planar Yes

C2H6 7 (7) No

C2H4 6 (5,1) (planar!) No

C2H6O 8 (8) No

# of bonds Shape Resonance?

N2H4 5 (5) No

CH4O 5 (5) No

• SO3 4 (3,1) trigonal planar Yes

• SO2 3 (2,1) bent Yes

# of bonds Shape Resonance?

• SO3-2 3 (3) trigonal pyramid No

• SCN-1 4 (2,2) linear Yes

• Br2 1 (1) linear No

• O3 3 (2,1) bent Yes

# of bonds Shape Resonance?

N2O4 7 (5,2) Yes

C2O4-27 (5,2) Yes

• HF 1 (1) linear No

• ICl 1 (1) linear No

# of bonds Shape Resonance?

• NH4+ 4 (4) tetrahedral No

• H3O+3 (3) trigonal pyramid No

• BCl3 3 (3) trigonal planar! No

• PCl5 5 (5) trigonal bipyramid No

# of bonds Shape Resonance?

# of bonds Shape Lone Pairs

• O2 2 linear 2

• H2O 2 bent 2

• NH3 3 trigonal pyramid 1

• CH4 4 tetrahedral 0

(On central atom)

• N2 3 bent 1

• HCN 4 linear 0

• CO2 4 linear 0

• N2O 4 linear 0

# of bonds Shape Lone Pairs(On central atom)

• SO4-2 4 tetrahedral 0

• NO2-1 3 bent 1

• NO3-1 4 trigonal planar 0

• H2CO 4 trigonal planar 0

# of bonds Shape Lone Pairs(On central atom)

• HCO2-1 4 trigonal planar 0

C2H6 7

C2H4 6 (planar!)

C2H6O 8

# of bonds Shape Lone Pairs(On central atom)

N2H4 5

CH4O 5

• SO3 4 trigonal planar 0

• SO2 3 bent 1

# of bonds Shape Lone Pairs(On central atom)

• SO3-2 3 trigonal pyramid 1

• SCN-1 4 linear 0

• Br2 1 linear 3

• O3 3 bent 1

# of bonds Shape Lone Pairs(On central atom)

N2O4 7

C2O4-2 7

• HF 1 linear 3

• ICl 1 linear 3

# of bonds Shape Lone Pairs(On central atom)

• NH4+ 4 tetrahedral 0

• H3O+ 3 trigonal pyramid 1

• BCl3 3 trigonal planar! 0!

• PCl5 5 trigonal bipyramid 0

# of bonds Shape Lone Pairs(On central atom)

Symmetry? Polar bonds? Polar?

• O2 Yes No No

• H2O No Yes Yes

• NH3 No Yes Yes

• CH4 Yes No No

• N2 Yes No No

• HCN No Yes Yes

• CO2 Yes Yes No

• N2O No Yes Yes

Symmetry? Polar bonds? Polar?

• SO4-2 Yes Yes *

• NO2-1 No Yes *

• NO3-1 Yes Yes *

• H2CO No Yes Yes

Symmetry? Polar bonds? Polar?

• HCO2-1 No Yes *

C2H6 Yes No No

C2H4 Yes No No

C2H6O No Yes Yes

Symmetry? Polar bonds? Polar?

N2H4 No? Yes Yes

CH4O No Yes Yes

• SO3 Yes Yes No

• SO2 No Yes Yes

Symmetry? Polar bonds? Polar?

• SO3-2 No Yes *

• SCN-1 No Yes *

• Br2 Yes No No

• O3 No No No

Symmetry? Polar bonds? Polar?

N2O4 Yes Yes No

C2O4-2 Yes Yes *

• HF No Yes Yes

• ICl No Yes Yes

Symmetry? Polar bonds? Polar?

• NH4+ Yes Yes *

• H3O+ No Yes *

• BCl3 Yes Yes No

• PCl5 Yes? Yes No

Symmetry? Polar bonds? Polar?

Hybridization Multiples? Angle

• O2 sp2 1 double

• H2O sp3 No

• NH3 sp3 No

• CH4 sp3 No

• N2 sp 1 triple --

• HCN sp 1 triple 180

• CO2 sp 2 doubles 180

• N2O sp 2 doubles 180

Hybridization Multiples? Angle

• SO4-2 sp3 No 109.5

• NO2-1 sp2 1 double <120

• NO3-1 sp2 1 double 120

• H2CO sp2 1 double 120

Hybridization Multiples? Angle

• HCO2-1 sp2 1 double 120

C2H6 sp3 No 109.5

C2H4 sp2 1 double 120

C2H6O sp3 No 109.5&<109.5

Hybridization Multiples? Angle

N2H4 sp3 No <109.5

CH4O sp3 No109.5&<109.5

• SO3 sp2 1 double 120

• SO2 sp2 1 double <120

Hybridization Multiples? Angle

• SO3-2 sp3 No <109.5

• SCN-1 sp 2 doubles 180

• Br2 sp3 No --

• O3 sp2 1 double <120

Hybridization Multiples? Angle

N2O4 sp2 2 doubles 120

C2O4-2 sp2 2 doubles 120

• HF sp3 No --

• ICl sp3 No --

Hybridization Multiples? Angle

• NH4+ sp3 No 109.5

• H3O+ sp3 No <109.5

• BCl3 sp2 ! No! 120

• PCl5 dsp3 ! No! 90 & 120

Hybridization Multiples? Angle

• O2

• H2O

• NH3

• CH4

• N2

• HCN

• CO2

• N2O (N is in the center!)

• SO4-2 (Notice the charge?)

• NO2-1

• NO3-1

• H2CO

• HCO2-1

C2H6

C2H4

C2H6O

N2H4

CH4O

• SO3

• SO2

• SO3-2

• SCN-1

• Br2

• O3

N2O4

C2O4-2( C-C in the center!)

• HF

• ICl (that’s iodine monochloride)

• NH4+

• H3O+

• BCl3

• PCl5

• O2

• H2O

• NH3

• CH4

• N2

• HCN

• CO2

• N2O (N is in the center!)

• SO4-2 (Notice the charge?)

• NO2-1

• NO3-1

• H2CO

• HCO2-1

C2H6

C2H4

C2H6O

N2H4

CH4O

• SO3

• SO2

• SO3-2

• SCN-1

• Br2

• O3

N2O4

C2O4-2( C-C in the center!)

• HF

• ICl (that’s iodine monochloride)

• NH4+

• H3O+

• BCl3

• PCl5