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Front Matter Source: Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences, Vol. 333, No. 1268, Molecules Through Time: Fossil Molecules and Biochemical Systematics (Sep. 30, 1991), pp. 307-313 Published by: The Royal Society Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/55417 . Accessed: 07/05/2014 20:13 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. . The Royal Society is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 169.229.32.136 on Wed, 7 May 2014 20:13:32 PM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
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Page 1: Molecules Through Time: Fossil Molecules and Biochemical Systematics || Front Matter

Front MatterSource: Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences, Vol. 333, No. 1268, Molecules ThroughTime: Fossil Molecules and Biochemical Systematics (Sep. 30, 1991), pp. 307-313Published by: The Royal SocietyStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/55417 .

Accessed: 07/05/2014 20:13

Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at .http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

.JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range ofcontent in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new formsof scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected].

.

The Royal Society is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to PhilosophicalTransactions: Biological Sciences.

http://www.jstor.org

This content downloaded from 169.229.32.136 on Wed, 7 May 2014 20:13:32 PMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

Page 2: Molecules Through Time: Fossil Molecules and Biochemical Systematics || Front Matter

ISSN 0080-4622

THE ROYAL SOCIETY

Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences

Molecules through time:

fossil molecules and biochemical systematics

A Discussion organized and edited by G. Eglinton and G. B. Curry

Volume 333 Pages 307-438 Number 1268 30 September 1991

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London SERIES B

---

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Page 3: Molecules Through Time: Fossil Molecules and Biochemical Systematics || Front Matter

PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS: BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

Editor: Dr Q. Bone Editorial Board

Professor R. M. Alexander, Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Leeds University, Leeds LS2 9JT Professor W. G. Chaloner, Department of Biology, Royal Holloway and Bedford New College, Surrey GU25 4LN Professor G. Fryer, Elleray Cottage, Windermere, Cumbria LA23 lAW Professor W. D. Hamilton, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS Professor J. L. Harper, Unit of Plant Population Biology, School of Plant Biology, University College of North Wales,

Deiniol Road, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW Dr S. Moncada, Wellcome Research Laboratories, Langley Court, Beckenham, Kent BR3 3BS Professor K. Vickerman, Department of Zoology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ Professor P. D. Wall, Department of Anatomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT Professor L. Weiskrantz, Department of Experimental Psychology, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3UD Professor H. B. Whittington, Department of Earth Sciences, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EQ

Corresponding Editors Professor D. T. Anderson, School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia Professor E. Florey, Universitat Konstanz, Fachbereit Biologie, Postfach 733, D-775 Konstanz, F.R.G. Professor P. R. Grant, Department of Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, U.S.A. Professor B. E. S. Gunning, Research School of Advanced Studies, Australian National University, G.P.O. Box 475, Canberra,

ACT 2601, Australia Professor G. 0. Mackie, Department of Biology, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada Professor G. B. Petersen, Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand Professor J. M. Ritchie, Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, Sterling Hall of Medicine,

333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510-8066, U.S.A. Professor E. M. Shooter, Department of Neurobiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305-5401, U.S.A. Professor K. Takahashi, Zoological -n tiute, University of Tokyo, Japan Professor J.-P. Thiery, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Ecole Normale Superieure, Laboratoire de

Physiopathologie du Developpement 46. Rue d'Ulm, 75230 Paris Cedex 05, France

NOTICE TO AUTHORS

Scope. Philosophical Transactions series B welcomes papers on any aspect of biological science. Authors may send their papers direct to the Society's Editorial Office, whose address is given below; it is no longer a requirement that papers be submitted through a Fellow or Foreign Member of the Society, although authors may do so if they wish. In general, papers for Philosophical Transactions B should normally be no longer than 25000 words (including allowances for references and figures). Longer papers will be considered exceptionally, and authors of such papers should consult the Editor before submission, preferably at an early stage in preparation. Submission. Three copies of the typescript and figures are required, and originals of any figures should also be submitted.

Papers should be prepared in accordance with the 'Instructions to authors' printed at the end of every volume of Philosophical Transactions B after volume 324 and available from the Editorial Office. Although editorial processing of papers on disc is

available, in the first instance typescripts should be provided for the use of referees; discs should be made available only after

acceptance and after consultation with the Editorial Office to ensure compatibility of format.

Publication. We aim to publish papers within five to seven months of receipt; to this end the cooperation of authors is requested in (i) informing the Editorial Office of change of address, (ii) responding promptly to referees' comments, and (iii) returning proofs as quickly as possible. The journal is published monthly in a two-column format allowing flexibility of

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Editorial address: Editorial Office, Philosophical Transactions B, The Royal Society, 6 Carlton House Terrace, London SWIY 5AG.

COPYRIGHT ? 1991 The Royal Society and the authors of individual papers.

Except as otherwise permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publisher, or, in the case of reprographic reproduction, in accordance with the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. In particular, the Society permits the making of a single photocopy of an article from this issue (under Sections 29 and 38 of the Act) for an individual for the purposes of research or private study.

SUBSCRIPTIONS

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society series B (ISSN 0080-4622) is published monthly in four volumes each year. The

subscription price for 1992, including postage, is C500 in the U.K. and ?533 (U.S.$ 1013) overseas. Air-speeded post is available for overseas subscribers at a small extra charge. Full details of subscription rates may be obtained on request from the Publications Sales and Marketing Manager, The Royal Society, 6 Carlton House Terrace, London SWIY 5AG.

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Page 4: Molecules Through Time: Fossil Molecules and Biochemical Systematics || Front Matter

MOLECULES THROUGH TIME: FOSSIL MOLECULES AND BIOCHEMICAL

SYSTEMATICS

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Page 5: Molecules Through Time: Fossil Molecules and Biochemical Systematics || Front Matter

MOLECULES THROUGH TIME:

FOSSIL MOLECULES AND BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMATICS

PROCEEDINGS OF A ROYAL SOCIETY DISCUSSION MEETING

ON BIOMOLECULAR PALAEONTOLOGY

HELD ON 20 AND 21 MARCH 1991

ORGANIZED AND EDITED BY

G. EGLINTON AND G. B. CURRY

LONDON

THE ROYAL SOCIETY

1991

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Page 6: Molecules Through Time: Fossil Molecules and Biochemical Systematics || Front Matter

Printed in Great Britain for the Royal Society by the

University Press, Cambridge

Book: ISBN 0 85403 445 5

Journal: ISSN 0080-4622

First published in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. series B, volume 333 (no. 1268), pages 307-433

The text paper used in this publication is alkaline sized with a coating which is predominantly calcium carbonate. The resultant surface pH is in excess of 7.5, which gives maximum practical permanence.

Copyright

( 1991 The Royal Society and the authors of individual papers.

Except as otherwise permitted under the Copyright Designs and Patents Act, 1988, this publication may only be

reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the

publisher, or, in the case of reprographic reproductions, in accordance with the terms of a licence issued by the

Copyright Licensing Agency. In particular, the Society permits the making of a single photocopy of an article from this issue (under Sections 29 and 38 of the Act) for an individual for the purposes of research or private study.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

ISBN 0 85403 445 5

Published by the Royal Society 6 Carlton House Terrace, London SW1Y 5AG

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Page 7: Molecules Through Time: Fossil Molecules and Biochemical Systematics || Front Matter

CONTENTS

PAGE

GEOFFREY EGLINTON AND GRAHAM A. LOGAN

Molecular preservation 315

Discussion: R. P. AMBLER, J. J. BOON, W. R. K. PERIZONIUS 327

JAN W. DE LEEUW, PIM F. VAN BERGEN, BEN G. K. VAN AARSSEN,

JEAN-PIERRE L. A. GATELLIER, JAAP S. SINNINGHE DAMSTE AND MARGARET E. COLLINSON

Resistant biomacromolecules as major contributors to kerogen 329

Discussion: R. P. AMBLER, S. MACKO, G. B. CURRY, G. EGLINTON, J. R. MAXWELL 336

C. B. ECKARDT, B. J. KEELY, J. R. WARING, M. I. CHICARELLI AND J. R. MAXWELL Preservation of chlorophyll-derived pigments in sedimentary organic matter 339

Discussion: J. W. DE LEEUW, J. J. BOON, B. RUNNEGAR, S. MACKO, J. D. HUDSON 347

JEFFREY L. BADA

Amino acid cosmogeochemistry 349

G. B. CURRY, M. CUSACK, D. WALTON, K. ENDO, H. CLEGG, G. ABBOTT AND H. ARMSTRONG

Biogeochemistry of brachiopod intracrystalline molecules 359

Discussion: J. L. BADA, M. H. ENGEL 365

STEPHEN A. MACKO AND MICHAEL H. ENGEL

Assessment of indigeneity in fossil organic matter: amino acids and stable isotopes 367

Discussion: J. L. BADA, B. HALSTEAD 374

JEROLD M. LOWENSTEIN AND GARY SCHEUENSTUHL

Immunological methods in molecular palaeontology 375

Discussion: G. EGLINTON, P. WESTBROEK, G. MUYZER 380

R. P. AMBLER AND M. DANIEL Proteins and molecular palaeontology 381

Discussion: G. A. DOVER, B. HALSTEAD, J. P. THORPE 389

BRUCE RUNNEGAR

Nucleic acid and protein clocks 391

Discussion: T. A. BROWN, G. A. DOVER 397

ERIKA HAGELBERG, LYNNE S. BELL, TIM ALLEN, ALAN BOYDE, SHEILA J. JONES AND J. B. CLEGG

Analysis of ancient bone DNA: techniques and applications 399

Discussion: S. HUMMEL, T. A. BROWN, R. P. AMBLER 407

SATOSHI HORAI, RUMI KONDO, KUMIKO MURAYAMA, SEIJI HAYASHI, HIROKO KOIKE

AND NOBUYUKI NAKAI

Phylogenetic affiliation of ancient and contemporary humans inferred from mitochondrial DNA 409

Discussion: K. A. JOYSEY, G. A. DOVER, S. PAABO 416

EDWARD M. GOLENBERG

Amplification and analysis of Miocene plant fossil DNA 419

Discussion: T. A. BROWN, J. L. BADA, P. WESTBROEK, M. J. BISHOP, G. A. DOVER 426

AREND SIDOW, ALLAN C. WILSON AND SVANTE PAABO

Bacterial DNA in Clarkia fossils 429

Discussion: S. HUMMEL, J. L. BADA, P. WESTBROEK, E. HAGELBERG, G. B. CURRY 433

313

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