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Impressionistic and Post-Impressionistic Visual Art
Monet, Cassatt, Rodin, and Van Gogh
Impressionism Light and atmosphere spontaneous/capture a single
moment Outdoors Name from insult of
Journalists/Impression – Sunrise (Monet)
French movement
Monet Credited w/ creation
of Impressionism Did several series at
various times of day Liked controled
nature (his garden – lillies, pond, bridge)
Also liked the Seine River
Later paintings have red hue/cataracts
Cassatt Only American/ woman
in movement Degas introduced her to
Impressionism/ and invited her to join
Also influenced by Japanese prints
Nearly 1/3 of works have mother and child in a comfortable domestic atmosphere
Stopped in 1914/blindness
Rodin Often show negative
side to humanity Never accepted to
Ecole des Beaux-Arts Free schooling and self
taught Very realistic forms He considered his
fragmentary sculptures the essence of his artistic vision
Post-Impressionism Less interested in light and
atmosphere Still interested in color – use it
differently though Also not as interested in nature Bridge between Impressionism and
Modern art
Van Gogh Most of work in France Art shows objects,
people, and places done in bold and distorted colors
Used rough or broken brushwork
“Tortured artist” Over 900 paintings and
1000 drawings in 10 yrs. – 90 paintings in the 2 months before death
Debussy and RavelImpressionist Music
General Information In music, Impressionism as a title means little
(time period only) Reaction to emotion of Romantic music (kept
using it/not against) Use of symbolism Musicians were basically Romantic composers
who stretched and expanded harmony Also explored ways to evoke emotion about
ideas and give meaning to objects or imagery
New techniques Multi-modality – using multiple keys Planing – use of voices moving in
parallel motions Tonality – key center Whole tone scales – no half steps -
used to make music dreamy and hazy
Overall, harmony and musical forms were intentionally vague
Debussy French Studied 11 years at Paris
Conservatory Developed a new fluidity of
form and explored unusual harmonic relationships and dissonance
Used whole-tone scale to give a new mood to his music
Embraced the symbolism of Poe and other period poets to inspire his music
Ravel
French Born in the Pyrenees Also attended the Paris
Conservatory Similar style to Debussy Helped lead music away
from Wagner’s Romantic style
Used outlines of classic form in his compositions
Excelled at piano pieces and orchestration