monorail project for colombo

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Unit : Integrated Civil Engineering Design Project

Task : 01

Student ID : 0000504585 ENR No. :

Candidate Name : K.K Channa PriyadevaDate of Submission : 21.02.2016



CITY AND GUILD LEVEL 5 DIPLOMA IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

DESIGN OF STURUCTURAL ELEMENTS

(9209-522)

TASK ASSIGNMENT 01

DRAFT PROJECT PROPOSAL

BASED ON

TRAFFIC FREE COLOMBO CITY WITH PUBLIC MONORAIL NETWORK

LECTURED BY : ENG S.A.Y.B JAYASINGHE

NAME : K.K CHANNA PRIYADEVA

STUDENT ID : 504585

DATE OF PERFORMANCE: 07/02/2016

DATE OF SUBMISSION : 21/02/2016



TABLE OF CONTENT

TABLE OF CONTENT 3 - 4

LIST OF FIGURES 5

LIST OF TABLES 6

CHAPTER 01 – IDENTIFICATION OF PROBLEMS

1.1 Project Study Areas 7

1.2 Problems And Needs 7

1.3 Problem Statements 7 - 8

CHAPTER 02 – LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Previous Project Descriptions 9 - 16

2.2 Supportive Information 17

CHAPTER 03 - PROJECT IDEAS

3.1 Alternative Design Ideas 18 – 19

3.1.1 Viability of design ideas 20 - 24

3.2 Project Ideas 25 – 27

3.2 Case Studies 28 - 35

CHAPTER 04- OUTLINE DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT

4.1 Project Statements 36

4.2 Project Title 36

4.3 Aims 36

4.4 Objectives 37

4.5 Project Scope 37

4.6 Methodology 37

4.7 Outcomes 38

4.8 Validation 38



CHAPTER 05 – PLANNING THE PROJECT

5.1 Activities in Project 38 - 40

5.2 Gantt Chart 41- 48

5.3 Roles in the Project 49 – 50

5.3.1 Important roles in the Project 50 - 52

CHAPTER 06 - PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS

6.1 Constraints in Project 53

6.2 Specifications 54

6.3 Related principle to project specifications 55

6.4 Examples of project constraints 56- 58

REFERENCES 60- 62



LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1 Mumbai monorail network Page 09

Figure 1.2 New Jersey ferry service Page 10

Figure 1.3 Auckland highway Page 11

Figure 1.4 Delhi forestation programme Page 12Figure 1.5 Rooftop herbal garden in Tokyo Page 13

Figure 1.6 pneumatic waste collection system Page 14

Figure 3.1 Average travel time In Colombo Page 28

Figure 3.2 Annual average of PM 10 at

Colombo fort ambient air qualitymonitoring station

Page 29

Figure 3.3 Monthly mean sulfur dioxideconcentration at Colombo fort- Dec

2003- 2007

Page 29

Figure 3.4 Survey results of purity andcleanliness in Colombo

Page 30

Figure 3.5 Survey data of pollution ofColombo city

Page 31

Figure 3.6 Monthly mean of one hour average

of nitrogen dioxide concentrationsat Colombo fort

Page 31

Figure 3.7 Garbage recycling efficiency inSweden

Page 33

Figure 3.8 Survey results of purity and

cleanliness of Colombo

Page 34

Figure 6.1 Applying latex coating in metal Page 54

Figure 6.2 Monorail car construction Page 55

Figure 6.3 Rotary piling rig Page 56



LIST OF TABLES

Table 3.1 - Traffic index in Colombo city - Page 27



TASK SUBMISSION 01 IDENTIFICATION OF PROBLEMS

CHAPTER 01 – IDENTIFICATION OF PROBLEMS

1.1 PROJECT STUDY AREA

Study area

Option 01

Monorail networking, highway and transportation, Hydrology, water transportation

Option 02

Town and country planning, landscaping engineering, agriculture, biology

Option 03

Irrigation engineering, hydrology, geo technological engineering, town and country planning

1.2 PROBLEMS AND NEEDS

1. Colombo district have huge amount of traffic during the starting of office works, school conclusion and

end of office work which have direct impact on the environment and productivity in the city. People who

travel in and out from Colombo on those hours need faster efficient and smooth way to travel to their

destinations

2. Colombo city is one of the major air and water polluted city in Asia causing threat to public health, presence of harming substance is the main reason to the issue. To mitigate air and water pollution level cit

needs a more tree plantations and efficient waste disposal system.

3. Colombo city is prone to flooding even in an average rainfall resulting the day to day life of the public

and creates huge economic loss to the country. It affects the daily routine of residents, motorists and publi

alike. City needs an efficient drainage system.

1.3 PROBLEM STATEMENTS

1. Traffic concentration during peak hours causing impact on the air quality where 55% of hazardous air

emission in Colombo emits by automotive and huge traffic concentration is causing law productivity

and resulting huge economic lost to the country. Residents, occupancies and motorists need traffic fre

Colombo city with efficient, comfortable, ecofriendly public transportation system which leads to

reduce to waste of time, energy, reduce vehicular emissions, prevent accidents and gain high

productivity from the Colombo city.

2. Air pollution both indoor and outdoor and water pollution in Colombo city is increased into a vital

level which may cause variety of health effects. Many of the toxic substances of the atmosphere in



TASK SUBMISSION 01 IDENTIFICATION OF PROBLEMS

3. Colombo reaches beyond the world health organization recommended levels and they warned about th

severe health outcomes to the population. To avoid those health outcomes to residents and occupants

city needs more plantation cover, indoor gardening system and efficient waste disposal system.



TASK SUBMISSION 01 LITERATURE REVIEW

CHAPTER 02 – LITRETURE REVIEW

2.1 PREVIOUS PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS

OPTION NO 01

REFERENCE PREVIOUS PROJECT NO 1

PROJECT NAME: -

Mumbai monorail project

COUNTRY: - India

Figure 1.1- Mumbai monorail

Source: - (google images)

PROJECT DESCRIPTION:-

Mumbai, commercial capital of India made a 20km long monorail network with 18 stations which provide

services for average of 125000 passengers per day to counter the traffic in the city.

REFERENCE: - http://www.monorails.org/tMspages/Mumbai1.html





PROJECT NAME: -

Ferry service in New Jersey

COUNTRY: - United States of America

Figure 1.2- New Jersey ferry service



In 1986 ferry service is started in Hudson River to reduce travel time of the people and mitigate traffic in

New Jersey and able to perform 65000 passenger trips per year


PROJECT NAME: -

Construction of high occupancy vehicle lanes in Auckland highway

COUNTRY: - New Zealand




Figure 1.3: Auckland highway



Separate high speed vehicle lanes were built in Auckland highway for motorists which carry two or more

passengers which leads to encourage carpooling and travel with less amount of vehicles hence mitigate th

traffic in Auckland highway

REFERENCE: - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-occupancy_vehicle_lane

OPTION 02


PROJECT NAME: -

Plantation in non – forest area in New Delhi

COUNTRY:-

India




Figure 1.4 – Delhi forestation programme

Source: - Google images


Indian government decide to improve air quality of the Delhi city by plantation on non – forest area

growing plantation cover form 6.6% to 20.6%

REFERENCE:-

http://www.ndtv.com/delhi-news/20-8-per-cent-green-cover-in-delhi-due-to-plantation-high-court-

1209889


PROJECT NAME: -

Herbal garden project in Tokyo national nature and science museum

COUNTRY : -

Japan





As a symbol of encouraging people to rooftop gardening in Tokyo, national museum of nature and science

complete a project of herbal garden in its roof top

Figure 1.5- rooftop herbal garden

Source: -

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Herb_garden_of_National_Museum_of_Nature_and_Science_Tokyo_01.

pg

REFERENCE:-

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Herb_garden_of_National_Museum_of_Nature_and_Science_Tokyo_0

.jpg


PROJECT NAME: -

Automated vacuum waste collection system

COUNTRY : -

South Korea




Figure 1.6 – pneumatic waste collection system

Source: - google images


City of songdo has automated vacuum waste collection system which runs by 7 personal and it

automatically sorted recycled, buried or burn to use as a fuel.

REFERENCE: - http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2014/09/songdo-south-korea-the-city-

of-the-future/380849/

OPTION 03

Reference previous projects 01

Project name: -

Flood prevention Program city of Edmonton




Country: -

Canada

Project description:-

Severe rainstorms in 2004 cause flooding caused more than 4000 homes, streets and roads in Edmonton

city and extensively damaged private and public property. Therefore local drainage companies develop

flood prevention strategies and took initiative strategies by finding causes for floods, identify and reduce

the flood risks and work with public to find viable solutions. They educate the public in the city to how to

reduce flood risk and help homeowners identify the deficit in their home drainage system and improve

them also they improve the neighborhood sewers and storm water system to support flood prevention.

Reference: - http://www.edmonton.ca/city_government/utilities/flood-prevention-program.aspx


Project name: -

North Main Street Flood Control Project

Country : -

United States

Project Description:-

North Main Street of the Wheaton city in USA is prone to floods during heavy rainfall. The city of

Wheaton and Wheaton park district have work together to find solutions for this. City plans alternative

route to North Main Street with a bridge over Winfield creek and widen and gain more depth the creek

channel near the main street to allow more storm water to flow.

And they broaden the capacity of the lagoon by lowering the height of the barrier that maintain the waterlevel in the lagoon. And they make sure ongoing developments in the city will not result a flood in private

properties or the city

Reference: - https://www.wheaton.il.us/northmain/





Project name: -

Markham’s Flood Control Program

Country : -

Canada

Project Description:-

Town has identified capacity limitation of their drainage system excel the risk of their risk of flooding an

they identif ied it’s would require significant upgrade. It is long term broad initiative to improve storm

water drainage capacity and reduce flooding of streets and private properties. Main objective is to upgrade

the city in to non-flooding threat city under extreme climate and weather changes to help the daily routineof the public and save private properties.

Reference: -

https://www.markham.ca/wps/portal/Markham/MunicipalGovernment/AboutMunicipalGovernment/Majo

CityProjects/StormwaterMgmt




2.2 SUPPORTIVE INFORMATION

OPTION 01 –

Previous project no 01 -

Traffic survey information, monorail networking feasibility studies, road construction materials,


Traffic survey data in New Jersey, town and country planning, irrigation in New Jersey

Previous projects no 03 -

Traffic survey data in Auckland, Highway transportation

OPTION 02 –


Surveys on atmosphere in Mumbai, plants suitable to lower temperature, weather data in Mumba


Appropriate heat and light for plantations, weather patterns in Tokyo, Roof top plantation


Plumbing engineering, waste surveys in songdo city, pneumatic technology

OPTION 03 –


Edmonton city infrastructure, steps to take mitigate flood risk, cost estimation and funding for city

drainage system, ongoing and future project in the city

Previous project no 02 -importance of wet lands to mitigate flood risk, advantage of wide and depth drainage system, cit

infrastructure , ongoing and future project in the city


Importance of high capacity drainage system, city infrastructure



TASK SUBMISSION 01 PLANNING OF PROJECT

CHAPTER 03 – PROJECT IDEAS

3.1 ALTERNATIVE DESIGN IDEAS

OPTION 01

ALTERNATIVE DESIGN IDEA NO 1:-

Colombo city possess a canal drainage system which gone through all over Colombo city and some are

expanding beyond Colombo districts. Monorail network which connecting main cities in Colombo along

the canal is suitable because it doesn’t need any optional land acquisition. It is ecofriendly, efficient and

can carry high capacity of people


Colombo is a coastal city and possess many lakes canal throughout the city. Indian Ocean and certain

canals can be used as a means of transportation of people during traffic peak hours through ferry or boat

service.


Upgrade the road system by providing separate lanes for different category of vehicles and separate high

speed lanes alongside the main road and improve alternative roads alongside main roads. Allow vehicles

with more passengers in high-speed lanes.




OPTION NO 2


Implant trees along the banks of canals, lakes and other water ways in the city is an effective way to

increase the plantation in the city. Watering of plants can be done by the water in canals through plumbin

system after undergoing a purification.


Improve indoor air quality with green building concepts including indoor gardening, courtyards and roof

top plantation. Gardening methods can be followed to achieve maximum plantation in small space and

enhance interior beauty


Provide better waste disposal system and maintain water and air quality. Pneumatic automated waste

collection system is a better solution to the waste disposal because it runs underground, maintaining

aesthetic and space restriction in the city. It is also better solution for segregating the waste

OPTION NO 3


Increasing the capacity of drain system by increasing depth and width of the drain lines is a faster way todrain the flood waters. Also installment of high capacity culvert is a essential


When developing wet and marshy lands it is suitable to use pile foundation in construction and wetland

shouldn’t be landfill.



TASK SUBMISSION 01 PROJECT IDEAS

ADVANCE TECHNICIAN DIPLOMA IN CIVIL ENGINEERING 20 | P a g e

3.1.1 VIABILITY OF DESING IDEAS

Viability of the design idea no 01

Design Idea: -

Construct monorail railway network to mitigate traffic in Colombo city

Brief Explanation: -

The existing transportation system is not efficient enough to fulfill the public transportation needs

of the public in peak hours of office times. Therefore monorail system is an essential project to

mitigate traffic in the Colombo city. Idea to build monorail system along canal system in

Colombo city is can be a realistic aim considering projects feasibility to land acquisition,

construction feasibility, site feasibility, cost and proposed network routes.

Results: - Accepted

Reason to Reject: - N/A


Design Idea: -

Provide ferry and boat service (water taxi) to travel through Colombo district in peak hours


Provide water taxi service with boats and ferries through canal, waterways and Indian Ocean to

counter the traffic in Colombo city in peak hours

Results: - Rejected

Reason to Reject: -

Considering the environmental impacts (water pollution, Air pollution and noise pollution) ,

lesser average speed in travelling, not practical to extend routes, risk in travelling water lead to

nonrealistic project objectives and goals






Design Idea: -

Upgrade the roads system by Provide separate lanes for different category of vehicles and

separate high speed lane alongside the main road and improve alternative roads alongside main

roads


The existing Main roads in Colombo is with two lanes throughout, it is compulsory to provide 4

lanes to different categories of vehicles. But land acquisition is difficult because existingconstruction is too close to the ground. Therefore it is sensible to provide separate lanes in certain

high traffic area where there is high traffic density and suitable land, And also inclusion of high

speed alternative lanes alongside the main roads and facilitate alternative roads is realistic to

achieve

Results: -

Rejected

Reason to reject:-

Considering population density and building developments in Colombo city it is hard to acquire

land to construct new roads and upgrade the roads


Design Idea: -

Implant trees along the banks of canals, lakes and other water ways in the

city

Brief Explanation:

Plantation of trees along the banks of the canal with plumbing system and water purification

plant is difficult considering seasonal floods which leads to overflowing the





Drainages, cost and maintenance difficulty water purification and plumbing system is beyond

the reach of realistic objectives.

Results: -

Accepted

Reason to Reject: -

N/A


Design Idea: -

Improve indoor air quality with green building concepts including indoor gardening, courtyards

and roof top plantation

Brief Explanation: Existing housing system is not encouraged to indoor plantation. It can be

modified to proceed indoor plantation and receive good indoor air quality with few other good

outcomes

Results: -

Accepted

Reason to reject:-

N/A


Design Idea: -

Provide better waste disposal system and maintain water and air quality to maintain comfort andwellbeing of the citizen and prevent bio diversity in the city





Brief Explanation:

Automated vacuum waste collection system is a possibility considering its underground

plumbing, efficiency, aesthetic aspects, cost and improvement in hygiene standards.

Results: -

Accepted

Reason to reject:-

N/A


Design Idea: -

Upgrade the drainage system in Colombo

Brief Explanation:

Replacing current drain tunnels with more broad and wide tunnels is efficient way to improvedrainage

Results: -

Rejected

Reasons for reject:-

Existing drain system possess a considerable capacity. And main reasons for the flooding in the

city are illegal disposal of waste is blocking the drainage system and illegal development in wet

and marshy lands. Therefore drainage should be achieve through better waste disposal system and

keeping wet and marshy land unpolluted.






Design Idea: -

When developing wet marshy lands foundations of the constructions should be on piles and earth

filling should be avoided

Brief Explanation:

For some developments wet lands soil condition is not suitable therefore in highly important

projects soil condition some areas in wet land should be improved by earth filling with minimal

impact to the nature and drainage

Results: -

Rejected

Reason to Reject: -

10% of wet and marshy lands which originally in Colombo is already earth filled and government

is about to bring an amendment to prohibiting development of wet and marshy lands.





3.2 PROJECT IDEAS

Project Idea No 01

Design Idea: -

Alternative design idea no 01

Project idea :-

introducing monorail railway network for the city covering all the major towns in Colombo

district and provide easy access to the all the Long distance major roads (Galle Road, Southern

expressway, Colombo – Katunayaka Highway, Colombo- Kandy road ) starting from Colombo

district.

Condition of problem statement: -

Not revised

Problem statement:-

Residents, occupancies and motorists in Colombo city needs minimum traffic concentration to

reduce time and energy waste, reduce emission of hydro carbon gases, reduce accidents and

increase productivity





Project Idea No 02

Combined Design Idea: -

Alternative design idea no 04 &

no 05

Project idea : -

Improve the quality of indoor outdoor air by indoor plantation and forestation in banks of lakes


Not revised

Problem statement:-

Residents, occupancies and animals in Colombo need quality air to breathe because it is the one

of the vital part for the wellbeing and comfort of living things

Project Idea No 03

Design Idea: -

Alternative design idea no 06

Project idea : -

Provide efficient and hygienic waste disposal system through automated underground pneumatic

waste collection system






Not revised

Problem statement: -

Illegal disposal of waste is resulting adverse effect to the livelihood of the people. Creating

adverse health effects, effect harmfully to the quality of air ground water, blocking drainage

system and effect badly to the aesthetic appearance of the city




ADVANCE TECHNICIAN DIPLOMA IN CIVIL ENGINEERING 28 |

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3.3 CASE STUDIES

Case Study 01 (For Project Idea 01)

Colombo city is a city with high concentration of buildings and residences. Almost all themajor government offices, privet sector head offices, commercial buildings, grounds,

recreational areas are located in Colombo which separate in to 13 administrative divisions for

administrative purposes.

Huge traffic concentration in Colombo city results vital consequences to human lives and

economy of the country. For Traffic free Colombo city with productive economy and healthy

comfortable life style it is essential to eradicate huge traffic from the roads of the Colombo.

Colombo – Katunayaka expressway, southern highway, Galle road and Railways are great

asset to reduce the traffic in the city because they are facilitate to provide quality, capacitive

and speedy transportation. Develop these existing main roads, develop and link other roadsto these main roads and provide link to these main roads through alternative transportation

method is the way to mitigate the traffic density in the Colombo district.

Table 3.1 – traffic index in Colombo

Traffic index 234.79

Time index ( in minutes ) 52.88

Time Exp. index 8534.93

Inefficiency index 250.86

CO2 Emission Index 5430.25

Source :- (www.numbeo.com)

http://www.numbeo.com/








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Figure 3.1 – Average travel time In Colombo

Source :- (www.numbeo.com)

Especially in office and school starting times and concluding times there are huge trafficconcentration in the city.













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Figure 3.3

Monthly mean sulfur dioxide concentration at Colombo fort- Dec 2003- 2007

Source: - (central environment authority)

Figure 3.4 - Survey results of purity and cleanliness in ColomboSource :- (www.Numbeo.com)





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Figure 3.5

Survey data of pollution of Colombo city

Source: - (www. Numbeo.com)





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Figure 3.6

Monthly mean of one hour average of nitrogen dioxide concentrations at Colombo fort (June

2003)

Source: (central environment authority)





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CASE STUDY 03

Colombo city suffers a garbage disposal problem raising concerns over health and wellbeing

of the citizens and animals, resulting land, water and air pollution. Main reason to these

adverse effects are not majorly the volume of garbage but the inefficient collection, disposaland recycling methods. Some countries have high efficient garbage recycle methodology.

Figure 3.7

Garbage recycling efficiency in Sweden


According to the statics provided by Colombo municipal council more than 80 cases have

filed in courts and more than 2000 warnings are issued for residents by government

institutions. These illegal disposal and government garbage dumping grounds creates fear that

they creates mosquito breeding grounds and increase the risk of dengue and other diseases.

Also some authorities received multiple complains from people that some garbage collections

in some areas are not attended by municipal council and some people passing by cannot

simply bear the smell.

I visited few places in Colombo to gather information about garbage collecting and disposal.

As I went to the Kalubowila hospital , Dehiwala one sanitary worker D.S Weerasingha

showed us the rotting garbage bin which uncollected for more than two weeks he says “

Garbage collecting crew doesn’t perform their duty properly , they just come and collect

nearby bins and go away , this is a severe hygiene problem to the patients and neighbors “





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Then I visited one of the garbage dumping ground neighborhood, kolonnawa. R. Sumana

who lived over 20 years here mother of two child says that children frequently ill due to

polluted environment and there are few animal carcasses frequently found in area where dogs,

cats fall ill after consuming garbage’s.

Figure 3.8- Survey results of purity and cleanliness of Colombo

Source: (www. Numbeo.com)

Existing Garbage collecting, dumping and recycling method is not giving even a mere solution for the

garbage problem of the city



TASK SUBMISSION 01 OUTLINE DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT


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CHAPTER 04 - OUTLINE DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJCET

4.1 FORMULATE A PROJECT IDEA

Accepted Project Ideas: -

Project Idea 01

Rejected Project Ideas: -

Project Idea 03 and Project Idea 02

Reasons To Reject: -

Lack of impact to the problem statement, Lack of attitude of People, Lack of

technology and skilled officers for handling automated waste collection unit, lack ofapplicability to domestic houses

Combination of Project Ideas: -

Not possible

Final Project Idea: -

Mitigate traffic and vehicular emissions in Colombo by upgrading the Public

transportation system with monorail public railway network

Project Title: -

Traffic free Colombo city with public monorail network

4.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT:-

Residents, occupancies and motorists in Colombo city needs minimum traffic

concentration to reduce time and energy waste, reduce emission of hydro carbon

gases, reduce accidents and increase productivity

4.3 PROJECT TITLE:-

Traffic free Colombo city with public monorail network





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4.4 AIMS

1.

To Provide comfortable public transportation service with reduced road

accidents, less noise pollution and travel any town/city in the district within

maximum time of one hour

2. To Provide efficient transport methods to reach highways, Long distance

roads (southern and Colombo – Katunayaka expressway, Galle road, Kandy

road, Negambo Road) from the core of the Colombo city.

3. To Brings PM10 and PM 2.5 levels and other air composition in atmosphere

in Colombo up to world health Organization standard levels

4.5 OBJECTIVES

1. Reduce vehicle waiting time therefore reduce usage of fuels

2. Introducing low Sulphur diesel fuel

3. Provide comfortable efficient high-speed public transportation system where

people no longer wants to use their own vehicle to reach work place

4. Reduce toxic industrial emissions

5. Encourage electric- fuel hybrid vehicles

6. Save sanctuaries forest cover in the city.

4.6 SCOPE

The main aim of this project is provide comfortable, high speed and

environment friendly transportation system to asset people who travel in, out

and within Colombo district limits and bring the air quality of Colombo up to

world health organizational standard level by reducing vehicular toxic

emission Less traffic will lead to less travel time, with low Sulphur emissionsfuels with hybrid motors it is less vehicular emission of toxic in the city.





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4.7 METHODOLOGY

Methodology to construct monorail system

• Feasibility study and environmental impact reports

• Develop stopping stations

• Link other travelling means to resume travelling

• Construct vehicle parking spaces

4.8 OUTCOME

City with less traffic density

Fast comfortable public transportation network City with less pollution

Increase of productivity and economy of the city

4.9 VALIDATION

Lack of efficient public transportation network is a prominent need in

Colombo city during office starts and conclusion times. Huge traffic jam

during these hours results lot of negative outcome. But monorail networkwhich connected to main roads from Colombo to outstations are providing

efficient solution to peoples need of public transport and it will definitely

help to mitigate the traffic in the city.

05-PLANNING OF PROJECT

5.1 – ACTIVITIES IN PROJECT





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# Activity Description Start Date End Date Duration (Day

1 Identification Of EngineeringProblems

01.09.2015 10.09.2015 8

2 Investigation Of related PreviousProjects

11.09.2015 15.10.2015 25

3

Formulating Alternative Design

Ideas 16.10.2015 15.11.2015 22

4 Development Of Project Ideas 16.11.2015 27.11.2015 10

5

Preparation of project idea 28.11.2015 01.12.2015 3

6 Preparation Of Case Studies 02.12.2015 10.12.2015 7

7 Writing Outline Description OfProject

11.12.2015 18.12.2015 6

8Identification Of Project Activities& roles

20.12.2015 24.12.2015 5

mobilization 26.02.2016 02.03.2016 4

Setting preliminaries 04.03.2016 16.03.2016 9

Site clearance 17.03.2016 09.06.2016 61

Fabrication of columns and beams 28.03.2016 03.06.2016 50

Setting out 04.06.2016 10.06.2016 6

excavation 11.06.2016 25.08.2016 55

Construction of stations,maintenance facilities and controlcenters

28.06.2016 09.01.2017 140

Construction of foundation 20.07.2017 11.10.2017 60

CONCEPT

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DEFINI

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LANNING

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IMPLEMENT

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CHAPTER 05- PLANNING OF PROJECT
































ADVANCE TECHNICIAN DIPLOMA IN CIVIL ENGINEERING 49 | P a g

5.3 ROLES IN PROJECT

Activity Description Responsible Role

Perform feasibility studies and siteinvestigation,

undertake complex calculations produce detailed designs and drawings

manage budget and resources schedule materials prepare bids for tendering

Civil Engineer

Analyze structural components

calculate forces, pressure, stress andstrains

suggest materials regarding strength anddurability

liaison with other professionals to

change the design complying the aesthetic advise on structural integrity, make

drawings, models using computer aidedsoftware,

serve expert knowledge on structures to

solve problems

Structural Engineer

Advise on blocking the drainage and flow

them through alternate drainage

Advise on soil erosion, embankment

Predict future behavior on drain waterafter the monorail system

Prevent future blocking in drainages

Irrigation Engineer

Design suitable pneumatic system forvarious commodity of garbage’s

develop , evaluate designs provide solutions for machinery

malfunction

liaison with other professionals to provideeffective service

Mechanical engineer





IMPORTANT ROLES TO THE PROJECT

ROLE- NO 1- CIVIL ENGINEER

Civil engineer involves in design, development and construction of the project mainly. He make sure the

maintaining the time, cost and quality of the project.

In the pre-construction stage

He performs the site feasibility study with site investigations with other professional

provide suitable electrical application formonorail project

study technical drawings Liaoning withother professionals

provide solution electrical malfunctions inthe projects

design and conduct tests

Electrical engineer

Perform feasibility studies

Prepare boq. contracts, budgets

provide advises forecast of cost

control cost writing reports prepare final accounts

Quantity surveyor

Liaising with construction professional before work starts

Develop schedule to progress of the project,

Storage and deliver machineries and

materials, Oversee the health and safety

implications in multiple projects

Plan smooth work flows aiding

construction management software’s andavoid future problems before they occur

Project manager





Prepare drawings and specification comply with the structural and aesthetic appearance of th

constructions

asses special risk and undertake them

supervise tendering process

During construction stage

Offer civil engineering solution at sites

Supervise work of junior staff

Communicating and Liasioning with other construction professionals

Review and approve project drawings

Schedule materials for buying

Correct project defiance’s

Make sure smooth run of project

ROLE- NO 2- Project Manager

Project manager is the professional who has the overall responsibility to planning, executing, monitoring and

controlling the project to successful completion

During pre-construction stage

Plan and define project scope

Develop working schedule

Allocate and manage resource

Time and cost estimation

Documentation






Monitoring progress

Risk analysis

Prepare reports

Quality assurance

Lead the team to a successful project completion

ROLE- NO 3- structural engineer

Structural engineer is the designer of the construction structure to withstand forces imposed by nature

and occupancies. They prevent structures to deflected, excessively vibrate or collapse make sure the

safety of the occupancies

During Pre-construction stage

Calculate forces, pressures and stress impose on the structure

Analyze strength of materials Work with geotechnical engineers to analyses the bearing capacity of the soil

Cooperate with designers to produce safe design


Examine construction erection and advise how to improve the integrity

Coordinate with contractors to make sure the sound erection of building

Offer knowledge of forces on the structure to other professional



TASK SUBMISSION 01 PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS


CHAPTER 06- PROJECT SPECIFICATION

6.1 PROJECT CONSTRAINTS

1. Environmental constraints - Site clearance, mobilization, dredging, piling , laying lines, canal blocking

Above activities are results air and noise pollution, demolition of trees, buildings, excavation of ground

which brings effects to the environments. Colombo is coastal area therefore steel parts in monorails are

prone to rust. Dredging and piling emit high frequency vibrations which affects neighborhood buildings

2.

Economic constraints - installing advanced technology for monorail system, providing electrical powe

to monorails

Monorail network is yet to establish in Sri Lanka. Therefore all the technology and skillful officers shoul

be lend from foreign companies which led to greater cost. Also main energy source to monorail is

electricity

3. Technical constraints - installing technology

Sri Lankan officers and workers are not familiar with monorail technology and advanced technology whic

apply in control centers and station and trains are not available in Sri Lanka.

4.

Social constraints - dredging, installing tracks

When dredging for foundations will emit high noises which affect to neighborhood and installing the

tracks will sometimes interrupt with roads, bridges and traffic in the city.

5.

Legal constraints - building monorail tracks and installations

Land acquisition will be a problem and it will take some time to move the people who resides in these lan

legally or illegally and acquire the ownership for the land

6. Physical constraints - , building tracks for monorail,

Colombo is a city with high population density, so there are lot of legal/ illegal constructions, building

and infrastructure which built along the intended project areas.





6.2 PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS TO OVERCOME CONSTRAINTS

To avoid rusting of steel part of monorail network

For steel in monorail network: “The Home Depot, 6589 Alyssum color “Vinyl, acrylic or

styrene polymer combination latex paint coatings, apply 3 coating within gap of 20 hours

minimum for each coating

to avoid excessive weight of monorail and therefore need of electricity

Kevlar k119, High tensile strength at low weight. Material for construction of monorail car body. High tensile strength at low weight.

To avoid higher vibration when piling

Piling machinery: “Ep 160 kw rotary piling rig motor power, 1110 r/min vibration frequency

, maximum hole diameter 2000mm, piling speed 1.5km/h “Hydraulic or diesel drill with

built-in energy measurement efficiency 95%





6.3 RELATED PRINCIPLES TO PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS

Constraints in steel parts in monorail network

Monorail tracks is installed along the banks in canals in Colombo which also a coastal

city. High concentration of moisture, salt will result steel piles to corrode and generate

rust. Vinyl, acrylic or styrene polymer combination latex coatings will prevent the steel

from corroding and generating rust. Coating creates a rust proofing barrier between the

surface and the atmosphere.

Using Kevlar material to construction of monorail cars

Lightweight monorail car means power requirement is less and results smaller engines,

low power batteries, smaller fuel tanks are required

Environment constraint which occur when piling

Dredging for piling is emitting high vibration which effects to the environment and

stability of the neighborhood buildings. : Hydraulic or diesel drill with built-in energy

measurement efficiency of 95% is much more efficient, less noisy and emits less

vibrations therefore environment constraint is less with it.





6.4 EXAMPLES OF PROJECT CONSTRAINTS

1. Using Latex and Acrylic paints to cover steel parts in monorail tracks

Rust resistance

Water proof Good adhesion

Resistance to chemicals

Monorail network should be maintain to prevent from rusting and keep the aesthetic

aspects in the city. Latex and Acrylic paints are stain protected But this paint offers

good rust barrier, wash ability therefore it is easy to maintain, and it is resistance for

chemicals, water and better adhesion will maintain the aesthetic of the system.

Figure 6.1- applying latex coating in metal

Source: (google images)





2. Using Kevlar 119 material for monorail car construction

When construction of monorail car is undergoing it should be done with Kevlar 119material where it is a light weight material with higher tensile strength and many more

advantages. When lightweight monorail cars are used in the network energy requirement

is less, can get higher speed easily and put s less stress on the tracks

Figure 6.2 - monorail car construction

Sources: (google images)

3. Using Ep rotary piling rig as piling machinery

Ep 160Kw rotary piling rig is energy efficient piling machinery which emits less noise and

transmit less vibrations to the neighborhood. Also higher operating speed will finish the

piling works quickly






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