Montana Officials Association - ArbiterSports

Montana Officials Association MHSA 1 South Dakota Avenue Helena, MT 59601 406-442-6010 Fax 406-442-8250

July 2014

TO: MOA VOLLEYBALL OFFICIALS

FROM: SCOTT MCDONALD, ASSISTANT DIRECTOR

RE: VOLLEYBALL STUDY CLUBS

This packet contains the six study clubs that will help you prepare for the 2014-2015 season. Below is the study club regulation as it appears in the MOA Handbook: “If an MOA member’s employment prevents him/her from attending study clubs, the official may receive credit for attendance if he/she complies as follows:

1. Makes prior arrangements with the Regional Director or head of the pool. 2. Completes the study club outlines and presents them to the Regional Director or head of the

pool in advance of the meeting he/she will miss.

3. Exceptions will be made for certain military actions or other extenuating circumstances.

4. An official whose employment requires him/her to be away from home during the week may

attend study clubs at an alternate pool location if he/she receives permission from the regional

director(s) and the MOA Commissioner.

Part of study club #4, is the NFHS 2014-15 Volleyball Exam, Part I, which will help as a more thorough review of the rules. Those unable to attend this study club are asked to complete the exam and send it to their pool coordinator who will score it and return it. We sincerely hope that these study clubs are a challenging tool that you will use in your best interest and the best interest of the coaches and players. Remember to give the finished study clubs to your Regional

Director before December 1, 2014, so he/she can complete your evaluation. Do not send your study

clubs to the MHSA office. If they are not evaluated and approved by your regional director on time, you could lose your rating. Please contact us if you have any ideas to improve the format or content of these study clubs. As another year is set to begin we wish you the best in your officiating endeavors, and we appreciate the work that you do for Montana’s youth activities. SM/tls Enclosures

MONTANA OFFICIALS ASSOCIATION

VOLLEYBALL STUDY CLUB OUTLINES

2014-2015

LESSON #1 NAME_______________________________________________________________________________ CLUB__________________________________________ DATE________________________________

Preferably use before the season’s first match.

I. Review the August’s Official Word and the MOA Handbook. II. Discuss any issues/concerns/ideas prompted by August’s MOA/MHSA Rules’ Clinic.

III. Review the new (italicized) areas of the MOA Handbook. Be aware of major revisions in your sport(s) that affect you.

IV. MOA Handbook Changes and reminders for 2014-15 are as follows:

1. Mileage has decreased from 56.5 cents per mile last year to 56 cents per mile this year.

Per diem for each official, including the driver, has increased to 12 cents per mile. So, the driver, for a regular season match, would receive 68 cents per mile while the rider official would receive 12 cents per mile.

2. The per diem allowance for invitational/regular season tournaments is $.08 $0.12 per mile or $15 $20 per day, whichever is greater, if the official does not stay overnight, and $25 $30 per day if the official does stay overnight.

4. No warm up activities will be allowed in the vicinity of the main playing floor at any time while any volleyball match is in progress. Invitational and dual tournaments would be excluded from this rule. Clarification: If there are two volleyball matches being played in the same gym on two separate floors at the same time, followed by two more matches played in that gym on two separate floors at the same time, the above MHSA volleyball rule would not apply in this situation. The matches would be treated like invitational and dual tournaments and excluded from this MHSA volleyball warm-up rule. This will facilitate matches staying on the time schedule. Violations of this MHSA rule should be reported to the MHSA office.

5. Solid white volleyball to be used for the 2014 Volleyball Season As approved by the MHSA Executive Board, for 2014 MHSA Volleyball regular and post season play, a solid white volleyball shall be used for all levels of play which shall include

the NFHS authenticating mark. During MHSA post season play, the Baden Lexum

Comp VX450 solid white volleyball shall be used.

6. The MOA Regional Directors have reaffirmed that the home management must supply a stopwatch for the timer to use to time warm-ups, time-outs and intermissions if the timing

mechanism on the scoreboard malfunctions, or one is not available. Also, in

coordination with the second referee, the timer will now time the 30-second injury

time-out without the use of the visible scoreboard or an audio signal device and at

the end of 30 seconds, notify the second referee.

7. Also, if the R2 wants to time an injury time-out, they must now wear a watch to be able to time the 30-second injury time-out.

V. The MHSA Executive Board and/or the MOA Regional Directors have approved the following amendments, replacements and additions for the 2014-15 volleyball season:

Approved that all MOA volleyball officials are required to have both a short

sleeved and a long sleeved white polo shirt for the 2014 MHSA

Volleyball Season. The R1 and the R2 will be allowed the option of wearing an all

white long sleeved collared polo shirt or an all white short sleeved collared polo shirt

but the R1 and the R2 must wear the same sleeved shirt for the match. All MOA volleyball officials shall wear solid black pants, predominately black colored athletic shoes, but the shoes may have some clear or grey trim or deviate slightly from solid all black and whenever possible, any different color must be dyed or colored over with black, and black socks. All officials must wear an MOA patch or they may have an embroidered patch as long as the embroidered patch is the same style font and size as the MOA patch and has black lettering with a white background on the left breast of the officials’ uniform. a) An American flag, if worn, will be on the left shoulder. b) Jewelry, except a wedding band/ring, a watch if necessary or a medical alert bracelet,

shall not be worn while officials are working.

MOA Volleyball Officials who are acting as line judges will be allowed the option of

wearing a black coat and/or an all white long sleeved collared polo shirt or an all white

short sleeved collared polo shirt and both officials must wear the same item while

acting as line judges. If MOA Volleyball Officials who are acting as line judges want to

wear an all white long sleeved collared polo shirt or an all white short sleeved collared

polo shirt, that shirt must be the same sleeved length shirt as worn by the R1 and R2

for that match. Approved an addition to the standard jacket for volleyball to read: A standard jacket,

solid black with rib knit cuffs and collar, full zip or button up, unadorned (except for

MOA service pins), is allowed.

Approved additional language to the general assignment policy as follows: XXVI. Assignment, A. General Policy, #5: Officials are prohibited from working a varsity contest or tournament where they cohabitate with or have an immediate relative who is participating as an athlete or head coach. Officials are also prohibited from working post season contests in the classification where they have an immediate relative who is participating as an athlete or head coach. An immediate relative is defined as…

Game cancellations – (XXVII. Regular Season Fee/Expenses) During last year’s winter season, there were multiple contests postponed/cancelled because of bad weather including high winds and poor road conditions. The MOA Regional Directors clarified the policy regarding these cancellations pertaining to officials pay:

E. If an official was not notified but was present to work a contest that was cancelled or

postponed for reasons related to an act of God including, but not limited to, power failure, adverse weather, or hazardous road conditions, the officials must be paid at least half of the game fee plus all travel and per diem allowances. Note: Softball Contest(s) cancelled due to weather or act of God will be rescheduled using the same officials (if possible) and those officials will receive only travel and per diem allowances for the cancelled contest(s). If different officials are used, officials will be paid the travel/per diem allowance and game fee. In regard to cancellations/postponements after the contest begins, officials that work one quarter (or its equivalent) or more will receive a full game fee and if the officials work less than one quarter, they will receive half of a game fee (lightning cancellations, power outages, etc).

Protocol for R2 In Deciding Set, End Of Match –Montana Exception to rule change:

To help avoid confrontations with coaches/players/fans after a match, the following procedure will be used by the referees leaving the court: after the last point of the deciding set, the R2 will visually confirm the final score (shown on the scoresheet/scoreboard) with a nod to the scorer, then the R2 walks to the R1, and the referees (and line judges) will leave the floor together. The jurisdiction of the referees is terminated and the final match score has been approved when the R1 and R2 leave the visual confines of the playing area and no change of the score shall be allowed thereafter. This procedural change will no longer require the R1 and R2 to verify the deciding match score by initialing the scoresheet. It is recommended that the R1 and R2 sign the scoresheet before the start of the match.

Approved that state tournament officials may request extra passes for children or significant others, not to exceed four extra passes

Reminders:

The volleyball prematch conference (with the head coaches and captains) and coin toss will occur when the twenty (20) minute warm-up countdown reaches minute sixteen (16).

For post season volleyball play, volleyball teams will not be allowed on the playing floor, with volleyballs, until 30 minutes before the start time of the match.

Pink whistles may be used by officials at contests designated as breast cancer awareness events. Any other uniform modifications for the purpose of supporting a charitable fundraising event must be approved in advance by the MOA Commissioner.

Reminder--Under XVII, MOA Code of Ethics — letter L — I will not approach coaches

or athletic directors, personally or by mail, relative to assignments or ratings or in

regard to game calls, mechanics or procedural duties. Those questions should be

initially addressed through the pool leader, MOA Regional Director or the MOA

office. The R1 and the R2 should use all the tools at their disposal. The R1 should not make a

call before they look at the R2 or the line judges. Referees just need to slow down and not be in a hurry to make the call and use all the other officials working with them.

Officials utilizing lodging accommodations provided by the tournament manager may be provided a single room when feasible and at the discretion of the tournament manager.

Officials – The MHSA/MOA will require each official to take the “NFHS Concussion

in Sports – What You Need to Know” course each year. That course must be taken

after June 1st

for the subsequent school year and must be completed before

officiating scrimmages or contests. If schools use non-MOA officials for sub

varsity games and/or elementary/junior high contests the school district must

verify those officials have completed training.

VI. Reminder of General MOA Information and NFHS Rules for discussion by your pool:

1. In the MOA Handbook, Section XIV, L it states: Official Pools may provide information

regarding availability of eligible officials for post season assignment to a district or division representative for distribution to schools in those districts or divisions, when requested in writing. Individual officials shall not provide such information.

2. Because Districts/Divisions are now scheduling play-in matches on Monday or Tuesday to pare the tournament down to an eight team bracket, if one of the tournament officials has a work related conflict and is unable to officiate the play-in match, the MOA office or tournament manager can assign one of the other tournament officials to work this match(es).

3. Rule 7-1-4 requires that no later than two minutes following each set, a coach from each team shall submit a written, accurate numeric lineup in proper serving order to the scorer.

4. The MHSA considers sports bras foundation garments. As such, they are not subject to the undergarment rule of being a single color similar to the predominant color of the uniform top.

5. Rule 4-2-1c requires all players on a team to wear the uniform as intended by the manufacturer (i.e., no rolling short waist bands down with tags exposed, tucking in sleeves, etc). This rule doesn’t allow players to fold over waistbands of the uniform shorts. One exception is that Velcro straps may be used to shorten the sleeve length.

6. Uniform tops must hang below or be tucked into the waist band of the short when the player is standing upright (i.e., no rolling short waist bands down)

7. Rule 4-2-7 states that removal of any part of the uniform (shirt, shorts) in the playing area is unsporting conduct. This includes, after warm-ups, players going to their bench and removing their warm-up shirts to change into their uniform tops. Preventive officiating, with a warning to the coach, should be used to help stop this kind of behavior. (acceptable areas to change uniforms are--locker rooms & restrooms)

8. The libero uniform top must be in clear contrast from teammates. Attention must be given to avoid having the Libero player and teammates wearing uniforms with similar dark colors (i.e., saturation/intensity of a color).

9. The use of flags by the line judges during regular season or post season play is prohibited by MHSA guidelines.

10. The lineups shall not be made available to anyone except the official scorer and official libero tracker until they have been recorded on the scoresheet, the deadline has passed and the lineups cannot be changed. At this time, the visiting team may record this same information at the officials’ table. See page 60 of the 2014-15 Volleyball Case Book and Officials Manual for this information.

11. Starting the Match: The second referee moves to the sideline beside the court and uses their lineup card or the coach’s lineup sheet, not the score sheet, to verify that the players are in their proper positions on the court. The second referee checks the receiving team’s lineup first, signals the libero (if used) to enter the court and indicates the floor captain to the first referee by using an open hand to designate that player. The captain shall respond by raising his/her arm toward the first referee. The second referee then follows the same procedure for the serving team.

12. After a bang‐bang play at the antenna, the second referee is encouraged to indicate who

is at fault by using an open hand gesturing to the offending team or player. To clarify this fault, one arm is extended, open hand, toward the team at fault. The first referee need not mirror this signal.

13. The mechanics and protocol for end of the set before a deciding set are more fully described. The first referee shall: a. Whistle, signal a point to the appropriate team and signal the fault. b. Whistle, signal the end of the set (signal #23) and using open hands facing the

court, direct the teams to their respective benches. c. Remain on the referee’s stand while the second referee calls the captains to the

officials table for the coin toss. d. Following the coin toss, receive signals from the second referee as to which team

will serve and whether the teams will remain at their bench or will switch courts, whistle and signal for the teams to change courts or remain at their bench.

The second referee shall: i. Double whistle and signal holding a coin above head to call the captains to the

officials table to conduct the coin toss, home team captain calling the toss. ii. Indicate to the first referee with an open hand and arm extended which team has

the serve. iii. Signal to the first referee that the teams shall change courts or remain at their

current benches. iv. Upon the first referee’s signal for teams to go to their benches, instruct the timer

to start three minutes on the clock. v. Give the results of the coin toss to the scorer. vi. Collect the lineup sheets from the coaches no later than two minutes following the

set.

14. Concussion: Officials’ Responsibilities:

THE MHSA/MOA WILL REQUIRE EACH OFFICIAL TO TAKE THE “NFHS

CONCUSSION IN SPORTS – WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW” COURSE EACH YEAR.

THAT COURSE MUST BE TAKEN AFTER JUNE 1ST

FOR THE SUBSEQUENT

SCHOOL YEAR AND MUST BE COMPLETED BEFORE OFFICIATING SCRIMMAGES

OR CONTESTS. ALSO, Officials are asked to use their best judgment in observing the signs, symptoms and behaviors of a concussion and other possible serious injuries. If there is a player that exhibits signs and symptoms of an injury, officials will make coaches aware of the injured player and call an injury time out. The official should notify the coach by making the following statement:

“Coach, you need to take a look at this player; he/she is exhibiting signs and symptoms of an injury.”

Once the official notifies the coach, it is now the coach’s responsibility. The official does

not need written permission for an athlete to return to play nor does the official need to

verify the credentials of the appropriate health-care professional. THE YOUTH CANNOT

RETURN TO PLAY UNTIL THEY ARE EVALUATED BY A LICENSED HEALTH CARE

PROFESSIONAL AND RECEIVES WRITTEN CLEARANCE TO RETURN TO PLAY

FROM THE LICENSED HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONAL.

VII. Review the following information related to the new rule changes listed in the 2014 NFHS Volleyball Preseason Guide which was included in your volleyball packet: (Please review the plays and rulings for each rule change area if they are provided)

NFHS Volleyball Rule Change for 2014-15: Montana Exception to rule change.

Below is a NFHS Volleyball Rule change for 2014. For consistency purposes, as a

State, we will continue to have the line judge move back and in line with the left

sideline just like we have been doing for years. The only time the first referee may

direct the line judge to move to be in line with the endline is if the serving coach

complains that the line judge is interfering with the server.

NFHS Volleyball Rule 5-9-2a NOTE: The first referee may direct the line judge on the serving team’s side to move in line with the extension of the end line until the ball is contacted to gain a better view when a server serves from the left third of the service area. Moving back and in line with the left sideline does not always give the line judge a clear view of the end line, especially during jump serves or when players move back a considerable distance from the end line. This positioning allows the line judge a clear view of any line violations for which he/she is responsible and he/she can efficiently move back into position following the contact of the ball for serve.

Added Duties for R2, LJ – page 1

Shortened Time-outs – page 2

School, Mascot Reference OK on Uniform Top – page 4 Further information about rule changes can be found on pages 49-50 of the 2014 NFHS Volleyball Rules Book. 2014 Officials’ Points of Emphasis

Hand Signals for Player Numbers It is important for the referees to discuss the ways in which they will communicate with each other through informal, non-verbal signals. One very important area to discuss is the signaling of players’ numbers. There is a suggested standard for signaling players’ numbers as provided in

detail in the NFHS Case Book and Officials Manual. When a player is in the net, the referees will communicate the number of the player in violation. This signaling also provides assistance in communicating to the coaches, players and fans as to the offender. Many times in high school volleyball the officials may have never or infrequently worked with one another, so consistency in the use of the hand signals for communication is very important. Thus, the standard signals and procedure should be reviewed each year and followed by referees.

Informal Signals from Second Referee to First Referee for Situations Out of View of First Referee – There may be occasions when, due to the location of the play and angle of the players, there is play that is under the responsibility of the first referee but is clearly out of the view of the first referee. In such a situation, the second referee shall assist the first referee by ruling upon such a situation and this is done through a visual, informal signal. During the referees’ prematch conference with each other, how such signals will be conveyed should be discussed. It is important that the first referee make good eye contact with the second referee and know how they will communicate in advance. It is also important for the first referee to anticipate when he/she may have been blocked out of properly observing a play. The second referee should hold the informal signal long enough for the first referee to observe. Should the first referee not accept that call, he/she was not blocked from viewing and disagrees with the second referee's call, the first referee’s call will stand. Both referees must be alert and pay attention to one another when these unusual situations may arise where the assistance of the second referee is important to get the call right.

End of Set

On page 75 of the Officials Manual language was added to specifically address the second

referee’s responsibilities at the scorer’s table following the end of set to state: the second

referee confirms the timer has started the three-minute clock with the first referee’s

second whistle, initials the scoresheet and collects the new lineups for the next set.

VIII. Match Format – please review the following match formats adopted for the 2014-15 volleyball season:

Varsity (regular season) Best 3 out of 5 sets to 25 points with no cap (you must win by two points) 5

th and deciding set to 15 points with no cap (you must win by two points)

Two time-outs per set Let serve will be utilized Libero player can be utilized and may serve in one position in the serving order

Sub-varsity (regular season) Best 3 out of 5 sets – sets 1 and 2 to 25 points cap at 30 points – sets 3, 4 and 5 to 15 points

cap at 20 points Two time-outs for sets 1 and 2 – One time-out for sets 3, 4 and 5. Let serve will be utilized Libero player can be utilized and may serve in one position in the serving order

OUTLINE MUST BE SIGNED BY ALL PRESENT AND SENT TO YOUR REGIONAL

DIRECTOR BY DECEMBER 1, 2014.



2014-15

LESSON #2

NAME_______________________________________________________________________________ CLUB________________________________________ DATE__________________________________

I. Eight Ways to Ruin Your Reputation by Tom Schreck, from the New York State Athletic

Commission. As an official all you have is your reputation. Screw it up and say goodbye to assignments and your career. Here are eight sure-fire ways to ruin what you worked so hard for.

1. Be high maintenance. The men and women who assign you to games and evaluate your performance have jobs to do, deadlines to meet and their own series of constituents to answer to. Do you realize that every time you make their lives harder and their days more frustrating, they're remembering the source of their anguish? Supervisors and assigners are looking for people who are low maintenance. Everyone wants someone they can trust, someone who will be on time and someone who will get the job done. Making your supervisors' lives easier fortifies your reputation while doing things that they find annoying works against it. Get your reports in on time, be punctual, return phone calls and do what needs to be done even when you find it a pain in the neck.

2. Talk too much. Do your best to keep your opinions to yourself, especially when you're out in public. Criticizing someone else's work is tacky and it reveals more about you than it does the subject of your conversation. Officials, athletic directors and coaches all travel in the same tight circles so when you let a "Between me and you ... "go, know that it is the furthest thing from being just among friends. If you can't say something nice, don't say anything - especially about another official.

3. Create problems off-the-court. Remember you've chosen to be an official, so don't pretend you're not in a visible profession. Yes, your free time is your own but don't be so naive as to believe that what you do away from your assignments won't impact your reputation. Like it or not officials have great visibility. People know who you are and when you're out and about how you act will get back to the coaches, ADs and supervisors. Those photos on Facebook and the tweets you make will affect how people see you.

4. Fraternize. Officials are human and like interaction. It is natural to want to talk with folks that you see on a semi-regular basis but remember your responsibility is to oversee a contest in an unbiased fashion. When officials enter a gym, they should survey the area, note where the coaches are sitting and find another spot. Be careful not to give the appearance of fraternizing. High fives and fist bumps with coaches and ADs get noticed and as innocent as they can be, they get interpreted.

5. Look terrible. Certainly by now officials know to keep your uniform in such a way as to communicate your professionalism. It extends off the court too. Showing up to your assignment with your ripped concert T shirt and flip flops may make you feel hip, but don't expect folks not to gossip about your sartorial statement. When officials walk into a venue, the must look professional and once you put on the uniform you are in charge so it is important to send the right message. Everything an official does communicates something. Make sure it's communicating professionalism.

6. Don't treat people right. Whether it's a team manager showing you to the broom closet that will double as your dressing room, the waitress at the restaurant where you're getting your pregame meal or the new official working his or her first assignment, no one appreciates mistreatment. Using "Please," "Thank you" and "Excuse me" goes a long way and their absence goes even further in people's memories. If you're a jerk to people onsite, that'll get back to people. Changing in a bathroom is not the ideal environment, but that doesn't mean it's OK to be rude to people. Being rude will get you remembered for all the wrong reasons.

7. Be all about the money. All officials have to write checks for clinics and associations dues every year and they all know the realities of today's economy. Officials are all in the same boat and very few are getting rich officiating. Cherry picking assignments or complaining about paying dues is classless and it will cost you more than the amount you write on your check.

8. Be arrogant and unapproachable. The matches aren't about officials; they're about the players, coaches and institutions involved. Emotions run hot and high and sometimes people need to vent about what's going on. Let them, to a point. Coaches want officials who are approachable and coach friendly. More and more communication has become crucial and being standoffish is unacceptable.

II. Seeing Double: Judgment, Consistency Key Components of Challenging Call (By Suzanne Dodd)

The double-hit fault is probably the most difficult call to make in any level of volleyball officiating. Sometimes a double-hit contact is so slight, so minute and so quick that only the players on the court may see the fault. Sometimes everybody in the gym sees a double contact, but the rules allow the referee to consciously decide not to make the call. So the question arises: What makes the double contact so difficult to call? First, let's be clear about when a referee should never make a double hit call. The NFHS Volleyball Rules state that during a team's first hit, successive contacts are permitted as long as there is only one attempt to play the ball. A ball rolling up a player's arms- as long as the ball does not come to rest- is considered multiple contacts in one act of playing the ball. In that case, referees should allow play to continue as long as it occurs on the team's first contact. Referees should also allow multiple contacts of the ball during the blocking action, as long as there is only one attempt to play the ball. For example, if players involved in a collective block cause the ball to rebound off one player's hand then to the other hand and then off the other blocker's head, that is considered to be a block and any team member may make the next (first) team contact. Finally, if two or more teammates simultaneously contact the ball, that is considered to be one contact. Either player may make the next team contact, provided it is not the third contact. That's the easy part. Double hits are allowed on a team's first contact, during the blocking action and after simultaneous contact by teammates. How and when should a referee make the double-hit call? The rules state that a fault should be called on the first ball over the net only if one player makes two successive attempts to play the ball. The referee should whistle a double hit on the second contact because the first contact was legal. The second act of playing the ball results in an illegal double hit. Judging a double hit. One difficulty in identifying and calling double-hit faults comes in judging the overhead set. At that point, a referee's judgment enters the picture. An official's ability to make good judgment calls impacts the quality of play, the enjoyment of the match and the match's outcome. Therefore, referees must develop a critical eye in judging the legality of the contact and call that fault absent of any outside influences. Referees can often be tricked into calling a double-hit fault based on the sound of the contact, player position, poor technique or ball spin before or after the set. Even worse, sometimes a referee may be influenced by the reactions of the players, coaches or crowd when judging a double hit. Those factors should not be considered when determining the legality of the contact. Instead, judgment of the hit should be based strictly upon the part(s) of the body that touches the ball. Double-hit faults should be called if the referee actually observes the ball successively contact multiple body parts in a single act of playing the ball. To most effectively judge the legality of an overhead set, referees should anticipate the direction of the ball and look ahead to the player attempting the set. As the ball drops from its peak, focus attention on the hands of the player attempting the set. Look for obvious multiple contacts of the ball- first by one hand then by the other hand. Or, in some cases, the ball may contact a player's fingertips and then contact the player's wrists. In both cases, a double hit should be called. See it, call it. Keep in mind that obvious double hits should always be called. If a player makes illegal contact with the ball due to a lack of skill, poor setting technique or clumsiness, the fault should be called and consistency in that call should be maintained throughout the match. While no referee wants a match or a good play to end on his or her judgment call, the referee must maintain the same standard of consistency from the first play of the game to the last.

Furthermore, if a double hit is made on the second team contact, regardless of whether or not the double hit was an attack, the fault should be called. Double hits that stay on the same side of the net are still double hits. A referee may allow slight double contacts of the ball in the interest of continuing play for two reasons. First, because of the difficulty of the overhead set, if players are of a novice skill level, allowing double contacts may be necessary for player development. Second, if a player makes an exceptionally athletic move and only slightly double hits the ball, the referee may allow play to continue. In that case, the player's exceptional effort to keep the ball alive is rewarded. The challenge to the referee in making that type of judgment decision is in maintaining consistency. Consistency in applying the double-hit fault throughout the match, from match-to-match, between officials, across different levels of play and within geographic regions may be the most difficult aspect of officiating. Good judgment is a murky notion, but necessary to be a top official. One thing is clear: Judgment of the legality of the double hit is both an art and a science.

III. Player Equipment – many questions were asked last year on what constitutes legal and illegal player equipment – the following situations deal with the questions that were most frequently asked – Make the Call!

A. A substitute from Team S attempts to enter wearing: a) a cast on her hand that is padded;

b) a flexible plastic support on the forearm; c) a thick layer of sweatbands on the forearm.

Ruling:

B. A substitute attempts to enter the set wearing: a) a knee brace that has partially exposed

plastic supports; b) a knee brace that has been altered from the manufacturer’s original construction and design by removing some padding; c) a padded mask covering a broken

nose. Ruling:

C. Team A lines up for the match wearing large uniform tops with knots tied in the back to

make the uniform more fitted. The R2 requests the team remove the knots for safety

reasons. Ruling:

D. During warm-ups, the R1 notices a player wearing a) a reflective, sparkling headband 1 ½

inches wide; b) metal charms on her shoelaces; c) tape around one wrist or at the top of

one ear. Ruling:

E. At the pre-match conference, the coach for Team A verifies legality of his/her players.

During warm-up, however, it is discovered that a) No. 12 is wearing a necklace; b) No. 5 is wearing a sweatband on her wrist; c) No. 8 is wearing a tongue piercing. The officials

warn the coach that the jewelry must be removed. Ruling: F. A player a) attends the pre-match conference wearing glitter; b) is discovered during the

warm-up wearing face paint; c) during the set is sitting on the bench wearing jewelry.

Ruling:

G. During the prematch conference, the R1 notices that one of the captains of Team A has a

ring in her eyebrow. The referee notifies the coach and instructs the removal of the jewelry before the player will be permitted to enter the contest

Ruling:

Legal Uniform – the following situations deal with the questions most frequently asked about uniforms in Montana high school volleyball last season.

A. A teammate, other than the libero, is wearing a uniform of a different color from her

teammates: a) goes onto the court to start set one; b) later attempts to enter as a single

substitute; c) even later, attempts to enter set two in the same uniform. Ruling:

B. The players on Team A are wearing shirts under their sleeveless red uniform tops. Three players shirts: a) have red, long sleeves and the other three have red short sleeves; b)

are red and three are white. Ruling:

C. Extending below a player’s uniform shorts are: a) compression shorts the same color as

the uniform bottom; b) compression shorts of a different color than the uniform bottom (has written medical authorization); c) tights extending down to the ankle which are the same color as the uniform shorts (with written permission from the state association).

Ruling:

D. The visiting team’s new uniforms have button-collared shirts. Ruling: E. During the lineup check, the R2 determines that when the players are standing upright,

Team A’s uniforms have a player No. 1’s uniform top (a) exposing the midriff, and cannot be tucked in or (b) does not hang below the waistband. The R1 (a) awards a loss of rally/point to the opponent; (b) unnecessary delay is assessed to the team and the player must be removed from competition if the uniform cannot be made legal.

Ruling:

Spectator Conduct—You Make The Call:

A. A spectator becomes unruly to a point of disrupting the set. The R1: (a) gives a yellow

card to the team for whom the fan is yelling; (b) approaches the spectator and tells him to leave the facility.

Ruling:

B. During the course of the set, (a) a loud horn is blown every time Team B is preparing to

serve; (b) a fan is yelling “miss it, miss it” as the player serves, (c) the crowd is nosily cheering for its team.

Ruling:

IV. Please review and discuss the below information found in the 2014 NFHS Volleyball Preseason

Guide and the Rule Interpretations:

Review of 2013’s Rules Changes – page 3

2014-15 Major Editorial Changes – page 5





2014-15

LESSON #3

NAME_______________________________________________________________________________ CLUB__________________________________________ DATE________________________________

I. PREVENTATIVE OFFICIATING—REMINDERS: NOTE: Remember at all times that fouls must be penalized when they occur, officials frequently can eliminate certain violations by their actions and words. Such preventive officiating is encouraged. 1. Pre-match

a. Verify with each coach the legality of players’ uniforms and equipment. b. Check the legality of all protective devices when requested by a coach. c. Remind coaches of their responsibility to turn in accurate rosters and lineups before the deadlines. d. Count the number of players on the court and compare that with the number of players on the team roster submitted by the coach. e. If the numbers are visible, verify the players’ uniform numbers with those on the team rosters. f. Make sure each coach has designated floor captain, and that it is listed on the lineup sheet and score sheet. g. Prior to each game, the lineup for each team is checked by the 2

nd Referee.

Corrections should be made so the players and the serving order on the court correspond with the written lineup when the set begins.

2. During the set a. Ask the coach who the captain is when a substitution removes the current floor captain. b. Warn the serving team of a possible screening situation.

3. The philosophy of preventive officiating is reflected in the rules which allow officials to: a. Inform the coach when a player makes a 15, 16, 17 or 18 substitution. b. Ignore a substitution or time-out request after the referee has signaled for the serve. c. Deny a request for a second substitution during the same time-out or dead ball. d. Correct without penalty an improper substitutions procedure when it is not excessive.

4. Miscellaneous a. Good officiating mechanics also prevent violations. b. An official can minimize bench and player fouls by: (1) Using the whistle correctly.

(2) Using precise official volleyball signals. (3) Making eye contact with all other officials to verify readiness to resume play.

II. Conduct in Shades of Red, Yellow and Gray By Brian Hemelgarn, REFEREE Magazine December 2013

Controlling a match encompasses many things, including administering pre-match warm ups, handling substitutions and timeouts, ensuring a safe playing environment, establishing match flow and tempo, and addressing behavioral issues. Controlling conduct is probably one of the most uncomfortable situations officials encounter during a match. Many factors weigh in when you're trying to determine when enough is enough. What kind of day are you having? What kind of day are the players or coaches having? The crew missed a call, so should you take a little more grief? Does the coach have a reputation for being a little hard on referees? Maybe you figure "that's

actually good behavior for him." Our rules are gray when it comes to unsporting conduct. What exactly is "disrespectfully addressing a referee" in NFHS rules. Fear factor. When you're on the court processing all of those things, sometimes the end result is that you don't pull the trigger when you should. The fear factor may influence your decision- will the coach submit a bad report to your assigner or request that you aren't assigned to any more of his or her matches? And then there is your personal fear, that feeling in your gut, the rush of adrenaline that you experience as you reach in your pocket for the card. Does it make you feel awkward or nervous to reach for a card? Most of us would say, "Yes," and that escalates with the severity of the sanction. Referees need to overcome those fears and do what's right for the game, the participants and even the spectators. Keep the focus on the competition, not on the referees and coaches. The spectators came to see exciting rallies, cheer for their son or daughter, sibling or friend, and to support their team. You can encourage that by insisting on proper conduct by the participants. It's just a warning. Probably the most underutilized tool in your officiating toolbox is the yellow card. It's a warning, nothing more. It notifies players or coaches that their conduct is approaching the penalty level. There's no other immediate consequence (except in NFHS rules where a yellow card assessed to a coach or anyone on the bench rescinds the privilege of the head coach to stand). The yellow card is not only a notification to the individual being "carded," but it also sends a message to the rest of the participants that unsporting conduct isn't tolerated. Likewise, it clarifies to spectators that a particular behavior isn't acceptable in our sport. When a coach rants or raves from the sideline and the behavior goes unaddressed, other participants may feel free to act in a similar manner, and spectators tend to get a little more rowdy as well. All of that results in distractions that detract from what should be the main focus of the match - the players. When is enough, enough? A coach or captain who asks reasonable questions deserves reasonable answers. But when those questions turn into challenges to your decision-making ability, or take a personal slant, the line is being crossed. When a coach continually tries to "help" you make ball handling calls, it becomes a distraction. When you're more concerned with how a coach is going to react to your judgment calls than you are with focusing on the next ball contact, it's probably time to use the yellow card warning or even a red card penalty if the situation warrants. Taunting through the net is also a prime time for you to exhibit control with the players. If you don't nip that type of behavior in the bud, it's likely to escalate quickly and things can become ugly. Understand emotions. Athletic competitions, by nature, involve a lot of emotion and intensity. It's important that you understand the stakes of the competition. An emotional outburst, within reason, in the heat of the moment should be viewed as just that: the emotion of the moment. However, those emotions can turn into conscious acts of unsporting behavior if left unchecked. A player exhibiting frustration about a ball handling call against her is showing emotion - maybe she is frustrated with herself, or maybe she is frustrated with her teammates. But when she takes that frustration and yells at an official, the nature of her actions has changed and you need to address it. Yellow or red? Among referees there's always a debate about what constitutes a yellow card warning or what constitutes a red card penalty. The bottom line: It's situational. Sometimes your level of experience or other situational factors will determine whether you use a yellow or a red card. One thing is certain- repeating similar actions after being assessed a yellow card warning should result in a red card penalty. A single flagrant act of unsporting conduct should be penalized with a red card. Remember, there is no requirement that a yellow card has to be assessed before the red can be used. The same is true with expulsions/disqualifications- it's not required that a previous yellow or red card be assessed. Crime and punishment. Think of sanctions in terms of crime and punishment. When a participant acts out, do you need to warn the perpetrator to not do it again (yellow card), or is it severe enough that you need to give the opponent a point (red card), or go even further? If a player yells "No, no, no!" when you make a ball handling call against her, is that worthy of expulsion? Probably not, but it

should surely be warned. But if a player shoves an opponent as they change courts between sets, a yellow card doesn't send a strong enough message. For the participants and spectators to enjoy a match, the referees need to keep conduct under control. Yellow card warnings can go a long way in keeping the focus on exciting rallies and the players' athletic abilities. Referees can't be so sensitive that they don't allow emotions to be a part of the contest, but they also can't hide and hope that poor conduct will just go away on its own. Overcoming the uncomfortable feeling of assessing a conduct sanction is something that we all have to work through. In the end, the match is better for it when we minimize the bad behavior.

III. CASE PLAYS:

Players Huddle Between Rallies: After each rally, team A players huddle on the court prior to returning to their positions for the next rally. The first referee verbally warns team A's captain that excessive huddling delays the resumption of play, and further huddling may be sanctioned. At the end of the next rally, team A huddles again and the first referee must wait for the huddle to break before authorizing the next serve. How should the referees handle the actions by team A? Ruling: After being warned, if team A continues to huddle after a rally, which delays the next service authorization, it should be sanctioned for unnecessary delay. NFHS rules require that team A be assessed an unnecessary delay (9-9-1-a), which results in the team being charged a timeout (9·9-1 Pen). If the team has no timeouts remaining, a loss of rally/point is awarded to the opponent.

Attacking Served Ball Play: Team A serves the ball, which crosses the net. B1, near the net, jumps to attack the ball while it is completely above the top of the net. The attacked ball is hit into the middle of the net and B2 recovers the ball. B3 sends the ball across the net. Ruling: legal play. Attacking a served ball is not a fault until the attack hit is complete (NFHS ·9·5-1-b, 9-6-6;). Note: An attack is not considered complete until the ball completely passes beyond the vertical plane of the net, or it’s legally touched by the opponent.

Cancellation of Points With Wrong Server: A3 serves and scores three points, and then team B wins the next rally. Team B serves and wins a point. The scorer then notifies the second referee that A3 was the wrong server. Ruling: NFHS rules state that the points scored by A3 are retained by team A since team B has served subsequent to the wrong server by team A. Team A is placed in the correct service order with no further penalty, and team B will continue to serve

Center Line Penetration: A8 plays the ball and her entire foot crosses the center line and touches the floor on team B's court. A8's action does not interfere with play or present a safety hazard to team B. Ruling: It is a fault as the rules do not permit a player's hand(s), foot/feet or any other body part to contact the floor beyond the center line. When a hand(s) or foot/feet cross the center line, some part of the foot/ feet or hand(s) must remain on or above the center line.

Uniform Numbers: The numbers on a team's jersey are placed on the upper right shoulder on the front of the jersey and centered on the back of the jersey. Ruling: Legal if the numbers on the front of the jersey are no lower than 5 inches from the shoulder seam and at least 4 inches tall or 6 inches tall on the back of the top. Under NFHS rules, the numbers must be clearly visible.

IV. Please review and discuss the below information found in the 2014 NFHS Volleyball Preseason Guide:

Hand Signals for Player Numbers – page 1

Marking of Court Boundary Lines – page 7 Second Referee to First Referee Informal Signals – page 7

OUTLINE MUST BE SIGNED BY ALL PRESENT AND SENT TO YOUR REGIONAL DIRECTOR BY

DECEMBER 1, 2014.



2014-2015

LESSON #4

NAME_______________________________________________________________________________ CLUB________________________________________ DATE__________________________________

I. Screenshots Officials Gotta Know:

One of the toughest calls for a first referee is screening. Why? The referee's angle from the stand at the net doesn't usually afford a good view. As a result, referees often fail to look for screening during the serve, or until the receiving team complains. A screening call requires a number of conditions to be met. For NFHS, one or both of the following conditions need to be met: preventing the receiving team from seeing the contact of the serve, and preventing the receiving team from seeing the flight path of the served ball (NFHS 6-5-1). Observe player positions. It is important to scan the entire serving team, not just the server, to note player positions. When the two or three front-row players are grouped closely together, that should alert you to watch for a potential screen, especially if those players also have their hands/arms extended in the air. As you scan the receiving team before each serve, note whether any players appear to be adjusting their positions to gain a better view of the serving action. While receiving team players aren't entitled to a specific position on the floor, if they need to make significant adjustments, or if they move and a serving team player moves with them to block the receiver's view, there is a greater likelihood for a screen. Also, back-row players can be guilty of screening, depending on how they position themselves in front of the server or behind the grouped front row players. Flight path and trajectory of the ball. A high "lob" serve that crosses well above the top of the net will most often not result in a screen by the serving team. However, a ball that is served at a low, flat trajectory across the net should be a red flag. If such a serve also passes directly over the serving team players grouped near one another, there is a greater risk that a screen can occur. Warnings. Although a warning is not necessary prior to calling a screening fault, it is common for referees to offer a verbal warning to front-row (or back-row) players whose positioning may result in a screen. That verbal warning is given while showing the signal for screening. Allow the captain to inform those teammates and resolve the concern while the second referee communicates the warning with the coach. A blatant screen, whether intentional or not, should be called immediately, but use preventive officiating to address the issue before whistling a fault.

II. Double Team Net Play (REFEREE Magazine February 2014) Net play requires referees to "divide and conquer" when it comes to ensuring playing actions are thoroughly covered. The first referee concentrates on the offensive side of the net to observe ball handling, backrow player faults and plays involving the libero. The second referee focuses on the net and centerline, and assists with back-row player faults and libero plays, among other things. While each has his or her own areas of primary responsibility, they must work together to get the calls right. As play moves toward the net, the first referee must be focused on ball handling and the back-row players' actions. The second referee must be positioned on the blockers' side of the net but must also be aware of the ensuing play on the opposite side of the net in order to help identify back-row player faults or plays that might be out of the first referee's view. The second referee should have a broader focus, enabling him or her to view the attack line in case the attack is by a back-row player. A good philosophy that helps referees cover back-row plays is, "You (first referee) take the hands, I (second referee) will take the feet." That means the first referee is watching the ball contact, and the second referee is making sure the back-row player or libero is behind the attack line. It's nearly impossible to watch the contact of the ball while seeing the player's feet at the same time, and referees must work together to ensure that play is

covered. Once the ball is near the net, the second referee must be positioned to clearly see the attack-hit through the net while maintaining focus on the blockers' actions. As the blockers move toward the net to begin the blocking action, the second referee needs to quickly focus on the centerline to ensure neither team commits a fault. As the blockers jump to block the ball, the second referee must change his or her focus from the centerline to the net, keeping in mind that the blocker might touch the bottom or middle of the net on the way up, or the top of the net during the blocking action, or is at risk of contacting any portion of the net as he or she returns to the floor. (In NFHS Volleyball Rules, it is a fault to touch any part of the net while in the action of playing the ball.) While focused near the top of the net at the height of the blocking action, the second referee must also be aware of blockers touching the ball, especially if the ball lands out of bounds after being touched by the blocker. Continue to focus on the net and centerline.

III. Take orally as a group the NFHS 2014-15 Volleyball Rules Examination – Part I. Discuss and clarify uncertainties with any questions on the exam by referring to the relevant rule(s) reference(s):

2014-15 Volleyball Examination Part I

NOTE: Team S = serving team; Team R = receiving team.

1. The scorer must receive each team's roster no later than:

A. Two minutes before the match.

B. Five minutes before the match.

C. Ten minutes prior to the end of the timed prematch warmup.

D. At the official's request.

2. The scorer shall record in the Comments section of the scoresheet when a player is removed from the set under concussion management.

A. True

B. False

3. Play continues when:

A. Players on opposite teams touch the net at the same time.

B. A player hits the bottom of the net.

C. A player’s foot is on the center line.

D. All allow play to continue.

4. Unnecessary delay occurs when:

A. The head coach is standing during a dead ball.

B. A captain approaches the first referee with a question.

C. An illegal substitute attempts to enter the set.

D. All are correct.

5. When timing the time-out interval for injury, the timer shall not use an audio device for the end of the time-out, but shall notify the second referee.

A. True

B. False

6. It is legal for the following individuals to request a time-out:

A. Only the playing captain.

B. Only the head coach.

C. Assistant coach.

D. Playing captain or head coach only.

7. When the second referee provides assistance to the first referee on plays that may be out of the view of the first referee, such assistance is provided with a visual, informal signal and not a whistle.

A. True

B. False

8. A visible undergarment worn underneath the uniform top:

A. Shall have no visible manufacturer's logo placed on the garment.

B. May have the school name no more than 2¼ inches placed on the garment.

C. Shall be only solid black.

D. Is not allowed.

9. The uniform number shall be:

A. Located on the front or the back of the top.

B. At least 4 inches tall on the front of the top and at least 6 inches tall on the back.

C. Shall only be black or white.

D. Optional.

10. Second referee's equipment shall include:

A. Whistle, lineup card and floor tape.

B. Whistle, game ball and ball gauge.

C. Whistle, lineup card, pen/pencil, coin, watch, yellow and red cards.

D. Whistle, line judges flags, ball gauge and scoresheets.

11. The libero:

A. Will be allowed to serve in one position in the serving order.

B. May serve anytime he/she is in right back position.

C. Will be allowed to serve for both middle blockers.

D. Will not be allowed to serve.

12. Prior to the deciding set, the first referee shall call the captains:

A. To the center of the court and conduct the coin toss.

B. To the referee stand and conduct the coin toss.

C. To the official’s table, and the second referee will conduct the coin toss.

D. None are correct.

13. At the end of the final set of the match, the second referee shall:

A. Verify the score of the set.

B. Verify the result of the match and initial the scoresheet.

C. Exit the playing area with the first referee.

D. All of the above.

14. Illegal alignment and a loss of rally/point is awarded:

A. When a player has jewelry on at the start of the match.

B. When an illegal substitute is identified in the set.

C. When a team spills water during its first time-out.

D. When there is a team delay in substitution.

15. When measured from the top of the top tape to the bottom of the net, the net shall be:

A. 4 feet wide.

B. 36-39 inches wide.

C. 42-44 inches wide.

D. 1.5 meters wide.

16. When flags are used in a match by the line judges:

A. The flags should be solid red in color.

B. The flags should be the predominant school color.

C. Each line judge must have two flags.

D. The flags will only be used to call touches on the ball.

17. Play continues when a player blocks a ball entirely on the opponent's side of the net:

A. When it is a served ball.

B. When the opposing team has completed its first allowed hit.

C. When the opposing team has had opportunity to complete its attack.

D. When the opposing setter is jumping to set the ball to a teammate.

18. The first referee considers which of the following to be legal contact of the ball and allows play to continue:

A. A ball is contacted at the same instant by CB and RB on the receiving team's first hit.

B. A ball is contacted by CB on his/her forearm and then shoulder on the team's second hit.

C. A ball is contacted by CB on the first hit resulting in prolonged contact.

D. None apply.

19. A net fault is called when:

A. A player's hair touches the net.

B. A ball, hit by an opponent, pushes the net into an opponent.

C. A player brushes the official's stand.

D. A player touches the net antenna.

20. Unnecessary delay is called when:

A. A team spills water on the court during a time-out that cannot be cleaned up before the team takes the court at the end of the 60-second time-out.

B. A player is injured on the court and can't be removed immediately.

C. Multiple legal substitutions are made.

D. The scorer continues to delay play to get substitutions recorded.

21. The libero may:

A. Set the ball using overhand finger action when positioned behind the attack line.

B. Set the ball using overhand finger action in front of the attack line, resulting in completed attack.

C. Block or attempt to block.

D. Not set the ball from any position on the court.

22. It is legal for a setter:

A. To step completely over the center line.

B. To step on the center line with one or both feet.

C. To touch the net with any body part while setting a ball.

D. To touch the floor completely across the center line with his/her hand.

23. It is legal for the coach to call a time-out:

A. Prior to the start of the set.

B. After the signal to serve, as long as the server has not contacted the ball.

C. When the score is 24-24 and two time-outs have been used by the coach's team.

D. During play, as long as the opponent doesn't have the ball.

24. It is legal for the libero replacement to take place:

A. In front of the attack line extended.

B. After the whistle/signal to serve, but before the ball is contacted.

C. During a dead ball prior to the whistle/signal to serve.

D. All apply.

25. It is legal for teammates and bench personnel to stand:

A. During play the entire match.

B. To react to an outstanding play by a teammate.

C. Behind the bench.

D. At the end of the bench.

26. During the coin toss of the deciding set, as directed by the first referee, the players shall:

A. Immediately switch sides.

B. Remain on the end line.

C. Go to the team benches.

D. Remain in floor position on the court.

27. The scorer shall:

A. Interrupt play to notify the second referee of a discrepancy in the score.

B. Be seated on the home team bench.

C. Determine the alignment of the receiving players at moment of the serve.

D. Verify the serving order to the first or second referee.

28. After receiving a yellow card, the head coach:

A. Shall remain seated during play for the rest of the match.

B. May continue to stand when receiving only a warning.

C. Must sit at the end of the bench.

D. May direct an assistant coach to stand and assume that privilege.

29. When a team submits an inaccurate lineup, the correct officials signal shall be:

A. Circular motion with arm and hand outstretched on side of offending team.

B. Both hands on hips.

C. Both thumbs up.

D. None are the correct signal.

30. When a player receives a yellow card, the head coach must remain seated for the rest of the match.

A. True

B. False

31. The referee's signal for team time-out is:

A. Both hands on referee's shoulders.

B. Both hands on referee's hips.

C. Horizontal palm over a vertical hand on the side requesting the time-out, forming a T.

D. None apply.

32. When the first referee stops play for a violation, he/she will:

A. Whistle, extend arm with open palm to the side of the team that won the rally and will receive a point, then signal nature of the fault.

B. Whistle, signal the violation, then signal result of play (point or replay).

C. Signal only the violation.

D. Signal only the result of play (point or replay).

33. All panels of the volleyball shall be solid white or a maximum combination of three colors with one-third being solid white and all other panels solid in color.

A. True

B. False

34. Team benches shall be:

A. No closer to the out-of-bounds extension of the center line than 10 feet.

B. No closer to the sideline than 6 feet.

C. On the same side of the court as the officials' table.

D. All apply.

35. During any dead ball, the playing captain may request the following for his/her team:

A. Time-outs used.

B. Verification of the serving order.

C. A time-out.

D. All are correct.

36. At the moment of serve, the right front on the receiving team is standing on her right sideline. The ruling would be that the player is out-of-bounds. Point to serving team.

A. True

B. False

37. The coach of Team A receives a yellow card in the first set, and then a red card in the second set:

A. The head coach must sit for the remainder of the entire match after receiving the red card.

B. The coach receiving the cards must leave the playing area after receiving the red card.

C. The team must forfeit the match.

D. None are correct.

38. Two substitutes approach the substitution zone:

A. With one substitute entering the substitution zone at a time.

B. Together in the substitution zone at the same time.

C. Behind the attack line.

D. With one replacing the middle front and the other replacing the libero.

39. Unadorned bobby pins no longer than 2 inches are no longer allowed to be worn by players.

A. True

B. False

40. When a player's number changes because the player must change uniforms due to blood on the top, the roster is corrected and no penalty is assessed.

A. True

B. False

41. The first server of the receiving team is the right front position when the set begins.

A. True

B. False

42. Prematch actions:

A. The home team selects its team bench.

B. There is a coin toss to select the team bench.

C. The home team always calls the coin toss.

D. None apply.

43. The state association may determine that all electronic media time-outs are 75 seconds in length.

A. True

B. False

44. During a time-out, substitutes shall enter the set:

A. At the beginning of the time-out following normal exchange procedures.

B. At the end of the time-out without following normal exchange procedures.

C. At the choice of the coach once the substitution is recorded by the scorer.

D. None are correct procedure.

45. An illegal libero replacement for the serving team is discovered in the set. Any points known to have been scored during the term of service in which the illegal replacement is discovered in the set are cancelled.

A. True

B. False

46. A teammate on the bench receives a yellow card.

A. The head coach must be seated for the remainder of the match, except as provided in 12-2-5.

B. The head coach must be seated for the remainder of the set, except as provided in 12-2-5.

C. The player committing the infraction shall not enter or re-enter the set.

D. The player committing the infraction must be seated for the remainder of the set, except as provided in 12-2-5.

47. Unsporting conduct by a player includes, but is not limited to:

A. Disrespectfully addressing a referee and/or other match officials.

B. Use of disconcerting acts or words when an opponent is about to play the ball.

C. Questioning or trying to influence the referees' decisions. D. All of the above.

48. A team may use electronic devices during the match, provided that:

A. The location and use of the device(s) are not in a restricted area, as determined by host management.

B. The first referee does not determine that the device interferes with the contest.

C. The state association does not prohibit the use of electronic devices.


49. The responsibility of securing and training both line judges for a volleyball match lies with the:

A. Host school, unless determined otherwise by state association policy.

B. Visiting school.

C. Host and visiting schools sharing the responsibilities.

D. None of the above.

50. At the end of a set, the first referee shall:

A. Whistle and signal end of set.

B. Confirm the set score by checking the scoresheet.

C. Motion each team to its respective end line.


51. Which of the following responsibilities is NOT required of the second referee?

A. Conducting the pre-match coin toss.

B. Checking the lineup card prior to each set.

C. Determining hand/foot faults at the center line.

D. Conducting the coin toss for the deciding set.

52. When signaling the fault of a fourth contact, the first referee shall:

A. Whistle, signal result of play (point or replay), signal four hits on side of offending team.

B. Whistle, signal four hits on side of offending team, signal result of play (point or replay).

C. Signal four hits on side of offending team, whistle, signal result of play (point or replay).


53. When signaling a net violation, the second referee shall:

A. Whistle, signal violation, and then mimic the first referee's signal for result of play.

B. Whistle, signal violation, player number, and then mimic the first referee's signal for result of play.

C. Whistle, signal player number, violation, and then mimic the first referee's signal for result of play.

D. Whistle, signal violation.

54. During the match, the libero tracker will:

A. Notify the referees if the libero is replaced by an incorrect player.

B. Record all substitutions and libero replacements.

C. Notify the second referee of the status of each team's libero at the beginning of each time-out.


55. In the case of a team having a player who is unable to play at the end of an official's time-out for injury and no legal or exceptional substitute is available, the first referee:

A. Will declare that the offending team forfeits the match.

B. May call a special time-out of up to three minutes for the injured/ill player to return.

C. Will declare that the offending team forfeits the set.


56. A match shall be declared a forfeit when:

A. There is an unruly spectator and play is stopped.

B. The facility experiences a power failure and play is halted.

C. No authorized school personnel is present to assume responsibility for the team if the head coach is removed from the premises/disqualified.


57. Contact with the net during play is legal, provided that the player:

A. Is not in the act of playing the ball.

B. Does not interfere with the opponent.

C. Is not faking a play on the ball.


58. A high school volleyball team wears royal blue shorts as part of its uniform. Legal attire for team members would include:

A. Royal blue skirts.

B. Royal blue spandex shorts.

C. Royal blue pants.


59. An unnecessary delay is charged to the offending team when:

A. A substitution is delayed.

B. A substitution is denied by the second referee after the request has been recognized because the substitution is illegal; or a substitute is wearing illegal equipment or an illegal uniform.

C. A team repeatedly uses an improper substitution.


60. Which one of these substitutions would be considered illegal?

A. An athlete who exhibited concussion symptoms and was cleared by an appropriate health-care

professional re-enters the set.

B. A player who was legally replaced earlier in the set re-enters the set in the same position.

C. A substitution is made, and the coach tries to substitute the same player during the same dead ball in which the player was replaced.

D. A legal player enters as the 18th substitute.

61. A substitute attempts to enter the set with a small towel securely tucked into the uniform bottom waistband.

A. The second referee denies entry and unnecessary delay shall be assessed to the team.

B. The substitute may enter wearing the towel. Unnecessary delay will only be assessed if the towel becomes a problem (i.e., repeatedly falling out).

C. The second referee denies entry, has the substitute remove the towel and assesses unnecessary delay.

D. The second referee has the substitute remove the towel before entering the set.

62. The jurisdiction of the referees:

A. Begins upon their arrival on the floor and extends through the second referee's verification of the final score of the match.

B. Includes the completion of any required reports or correspondence in response to any action occurring during the referees' jurisdiction.

C. Includes reports for imposing disqualifications that are a result of actions that occurred during the referees' jurisdiction.

D. All are correct.

63. Which of the following would be unsporting conduct for a coach?

A. Using a sounding device (i.e., megaphone, horn, etc.) at courtside for coaching purposes.

B. Questioning a referee's judgment.

C. Making any excessive requests designed to disrupt the set.

D. All are considered acts of unsporting conduct.

64. A ball in the plane of the net is contacted simultaneously by the serving team's LF and receiving team's RF. The ball then falls out of bounds on the serving team's side. The point goes to the:

A. Serving team.

B. Receiving team.

C. Neither, as a replay is called.


65. When one player contacts the ball with two or more parts of the body at the same instant, it is permitted and considered one hit.

A. True

B. False

66. The following equipment/accessories are permitted:

A. Knee braces, which are unaltered from the manufacturer's original design/production.

B. Unpadded hard and/or unyielding items on the elbow, upper arm or shoulder.

C. A cast on the hand.

D. A 2½-inch hair clip.

67. The penalty for discovery of a player wearing jewelry during warm-up is as follows:

A. A loss of rally/point shall be awarded to the opponent.

B. The referee shall direct the player, by way of the coach, to remove the jewelry. A player who does not comply shall be charged with unsporting conduct.

C. An unnecessary delay shall be assessed to the team.

D. The player shall be removed from the set.

68. When there is a double fault during live-ball play:

A. The penalty is assessed against the serving team, followed by the receiving team.

B. The penalty is assessed against the receiving team, followed by the serving team.

C. Play continues without interruption, as neither team gained an advantage.

D. Play is stopped and the point is replayed.

69. Uniform bottoms must be of like color, but may be of multiple styles, including shorts, spandex, pants or skirts, on the same team.

A. True

B. False

70. For compliance with a solid-colored uniform top, a single mascot reference and/or school reference may be placed on the sleeve(s), not to exceed either 4 by 4 or 3 by 5 inches.

A. True

B. False

71. The penalty for discovery of a player wearing an illegal uniform during the match is as follows:

A. Requires an unnecessary delay assessed the team. The team must call a time-out to make the uniform legal. If there are no time-outs remaining, a loss of rally/point shall be awarded to the opponent.

B. Subsequent violations by the same team necessitate loss of rally/point awarded to the opponent.

C. When a player wearing an illegal uniform attempts to enter the set, unnecessary delay shall be assessed the team. The player may not enter the set until the uniform is made legal.


72. The libero may be replaced by any player as long as he/she is listed on the roster.

A. True

B. False

73. A team is allowed a maximum of 18 substitutions per set, which also includes any libero replacements.

A. True

B. False

74. If the libero is injured and cannot continue play, he/she must be replaced by the player whom he/she replaced. A new libero may then be redesignated using which of the following criteria?

A. A redesignated libero must occur immediately.

B. The injured libero may return to play at the next dead ball.

C. The redesignated libero's uniform must have a unique number (not worn by any teammate).

D. None of the above criteria is correct.

75. Line judges' responsibilities include:

A. On a serve, moving to the side and in line with the extension of the endline until the ball is contacted for serve, if directed to do so by the first referee.

B. Indicating when a player touches a ball that is going out of bounds on the player's side of the net.

C. Indicating to the first referee, when asked, when the ball touches the ceiling or overhead obstruction, if out of the view of the referees.


76. Prematch responsibilities for line judges include:

A. Reporting to the first referee no less than 30 minutes prior to the start of the match.

B. Reviewing their specific responsibilities with the first referee.

C. Informing the first referee of their positions on the court.

D. Assisting teams with their warm-ups.

77. A back-row player may contact a ball that is completely above the height of the net and complete the attack as long as his/her foot is on the attack line.

A. True

B. False

78. While playing the ball, it is legal for a player's knee to touch the floor across the center line as long as part of his/her leg remains in contact with the center line.

A. True

B. False

79. Which of the following designates a net fault when the ball is in play?

A. A player gains an advantage by contacting the standards.

B. There is dangerous contact with the first referee's platform.

C. A player contacts the net cables.

D. All of the above are net faults.

80. A block may not involve wrist action, as this is considered prolonged contact.

A. True

B. False

81. Prior to the serve, all players, excluding the libero, shall be in correct serving order.

A. True

B. False

82. Which of the following may attend the captains' meeting before the deciding set?

A. Home team captain only.

B. Last server for each team.

C. Liberos only.

D. Multiple team captains from each team.

83. Improper substitution occurs and is corrected when a:

A. Substitute and the outgoing player do not take correct exchange positions.

B. Substitute enters or a player leaves the court before the second referee directs him/her to do so.

C. Substitute's number and the number of the outgoing player being replaced are not reported to the second referee when the substitution occurs during a time-out.

D. All are correct.

84. A replay is declared when play is interrupted because the ball contacted the pole used to retract a ceiling-suspended net system.

A. True

B. False

85. A replay may be declared when:

A. A timer's audio signal interrupts play.

B. There are conflicting calls that the referee cannot resolve.

C. There is a double fault during a live ball.

D. All are correct.

86. If the serving team wins the rally, it scores a point and continues to serve. If the receiving team wins the rally, it scores a point and gains the serve.

A. True

B. False

87. If a team has fewer than six eligible players to start the match:

A. The set must be forfeited, unless state association rules determine otherwise.

B. A loss of rally/point is awarded when the vacant position rotates to right back.

C. The captain must serve for the vacant position.

D. The opposing team must play with the same number of players.

88. Following the coin toss for a deciding set, the teams shall remain at their respective team benches or shall change courts immediately, as signaled by the first referee.

A. True

B. False

89. The first referee has the responsibility to:

A. Be in uniform onsite at least 30 minutes before the starting time.

B. Verify with each head coach that all teammates are wearing legal uniforms and equipment.

C. Conduct the prematch conference with captains and head coaches.

D. All are correct.

90. The second referee is responsible for:

A. Whistling to end a time-out only if the audio signal has not sounded and both teams are ready to play prior to 60 seconds expiring.

B. Assigning line judges to their positions.

C. Conducting the coin toss between the captains and the head coaches during the prematch conference.

D. Establishing nonplayable areas and defining any additional ground rules which might be necessary.

91. The second referee shall whistle and give the signal for calls initiated by the second referee, including time-outs, substitutions and ball out of bounds for an antenna fault on the second referee's side of the net.

A. True

B. False

92. The second referee shall be in a standing position on the floor opposite the first referee, outside the sideline boundary and back from the standard.

A. True

B. False

93. A serve contacting and crossing the net shall remain in play provided the ball is entirely within the net antennas.

A. True

B. False

94. A re-serve is considered to be a part of a single attempt to serve. Therefore, after the first referee's signal for service, no requests (e.g., time-out, service order, lineup, substitution, libero replacement, etc.) may be recognized until after the ball has been served.

A. True

B. False

95. The team not serving first in the previous set of a match shall serve first in the next set. However, for a deciding set, the first serve is determined by the coin toss.

A. True

B. False

96. The player and substitute shall remain in the substitution zone until the second referee releases them.

A. True

B. False

97. Delaying substitution is illegal and occurs when a:

A. Coach stands in the replacement zone, 6 feet back from the sideline after the substitution as the first referee whistles and signals for serve.

B. Coach pulls his/her player back prior to being recognized for a substitution.

C. Substitute fails to immediately report to the second referee after the substitution request is recognized.

D. None of these procedures are illegal.

98. An illegal substitute attempts to enter the set. The penalty is:

A. Unnecessary delay.

B. Unsporting conduct (yellow card).

C. Both unnecessary delay and unsporting conduct.

D. There is no penalty.

99. An unnecessary delay is NOT charged to the offending team when a:

A. Substitution is delayed.

B. Substitution is denied by the second referee after the request has been recognized because the substitution is illegal or a substitute is wearing illegal equipment/uniform.

C. Team repeatedly uses an improper substitution.


100. The libero is required to wear only a solid-colored uniform top.

A. True

B. False

OUTLINE MUST BE SIGNED BY ALL PRESENT AND SENT TO YOUR REGIONAL DIRECTOR BY

DECEMBER 1, 2014.



2014-15

LESSON #5

NAME________________________________________________________________________________

CLUB_________________________________________ DATE_________________________________ I. Please review and discuss the below information found in the 2014 NFHS Volleyball Preseason

Guide:

Ball handling Judgment a Key Skill to Master – page 5

Key On One or Two Players When Following Setter – page 8

Netting the Action – page 10

Scan Court Before Authorizing Serve – page 12

Keep Your Antenna Up – page 16

II. Review and discuss the following article by Corny Galdones: Focus, Think Fast During Net Play:

Ball handling judgment is Officiating 101. A more demanding area of concentration concerns playing situations where a passed ball might or might not enter the vertical plane above the net. The ensuing "bang bang" action requires a snap decision in the blink of an eye after running through a quick series of crucial questions in our minds. Is the setter in the front row or back row? The player pursuing the pass probably will be the setter. Know where the setter is because a backrow setter can commit several faults in playing the ball. Before each serve, note the location of the setter on both teams. Faults can and will be missed by skipping that key step. Are we looking in the right direction? Don't track the flight of the ball. Try to beat the players to the play to identify and anticipate who might be playing the ball and how. Will it be athletic, i.e., extraordinary effort to somehow make something out of a stray pass? Will a blocker reach over for the ball? Will the setter dump the ball to catch the defense off guard? Will a blocker dunk, attack or chuck an overpass? Is a net fault likely? That list goes on and on. Expect the unexpected. Lock your eyes on the upcoming activity and be on your toes for myriad scenarios. Doing so slows the action down. Where is the ball going? A ball directed by intent or accident towards the other side is fair game to be blocked (not attacked) by the defensive team even before it gets to the net plane provided no one on the attacking team can play the ball. If the ball is blocked legally or goes on over, did it come from a back row player in front of the attack line who contacted the ball while all of it was higher than the net? If so, it's an illegal back-row attack. Has the ball entered the net plane? Be alert for an overeager blocker reaching across the net and interfering with a ball being played that is still in whole on the attacking team's side. Whistle the blocker for reaching over. Once even a tiny bit of the ball enters the plane, it's up for grabs. A team begging to differ is plain wrong. If both sides touch the ball at this point, only front-row players can be involved. A back-row setter caught in that mix is toast. Who made contact first? Was it the setter? Then it's an illegal back-row attack. Otherwise, it's an illegal back-row block with one exception. If all body parts of the setter were lower than the net's height at contact, play on. Was the ball handled properly? Bodies and arms will be flying around at the net. Sort them out, then zoom in on the players' hands contacting the ball. Often, a ball near the top of the net is being set at about the same time a blocker intercepts the ball. First off, did the setter botch the set? Was the setter in the back row? Where was the ball? Where did it go? Did the blocker trespass? If both players are at fault, who erred first? Be swift with the right call and sell it. Many factors have to be processed in a split second when an imprecise pass can be contested at the net. Think fast. There is no other option.

III. You Make the Call! A. During play, the ball hits the antenna in the body of the net, rebounds out and is played by

Team R. The line judge waves to get the official’s attention and then signals “out.”

Ruling:

B. A5 is in a wheelchair. The official will not allow A5 to play until notification from the state

association that this player is legal to participate.

Ruling:

C. Team A’s coach requests a 19th team substitution. The scorekeeper did not notify the R2

of Team A’s 15th, 16

th, 17

th or 18

th substitutions.

Ruling:

D. After a verbal warning to the captain, Team A continues to meet in a huddle between

every point, slowing the tempo of the set.

Ruling:

E. As Team A’s substitute enters the set, another substitute from Team A, who is still at the

end of the bench removing her warm ups, then reports to the substitution zone.

Ruling:

F. R4 approaches the substitution zone as a substitute. The R2 sees R4 approaching and (a) blows the whistle before R4 gets to the 10’ line extended; (b) refuses to blow the whistle until R4 enters the substitution zone..

Ruling:

G. Team S is granted a time out and returns to the court ready to play within 30 seconds.

The R2 sounds the whistle indicating the time out is over.

Ruling:

H. At the end of set 1, S12 directs an obscene gesture toward the stands (a) after a kill on set point; (b) while the teams are changing courts between sets.

Ruling:

I. A match is played in a facility with a large beam attached to the ceiling that runs the length

of the gymnasium. Half of the beam is above a playable area and half of it is above a non-playable area. Therefore, a ball contacting any part of the beam shall be ruled out of bounds.

Ruling:

J. Player #5 on the serving team has just saved a ball from crossing underneath the net.

She has stopped her momentum, but in the process, her hand has landed on the center line.

Ruling:





2014-2015

LESSON # 6 NAME_______________________________________________________________________________ CLUB_________________________________________ DATE_________________________________ I. HOW TO SIGNAL PLAYER NUMBERS FOR VOLLEYBALL MATCHES:

The most frequent use of player numbers is the R2 signaling player numbers when there is a net foul or a center line fault. These signals that the R2 uses to communicate to the head coach, shows the number of the player of the team on whom the net or centerline fault was called. “When the second referee initiates a call, he/she shall blow the whistle, move to the side of the net of the offending team and signal the violation. For the 2014 volleyball season in Montana, when the call involves a player in the net or across the line, the second referee indicates the number of the offending player to the head coach. The R1 will signal the result of the play and will not display the number of the offending player. On calls by the first referee, the second referee steps away from the standards and repeats the first referee’s signal. The second referee does not repeat the first referee’s whistle. The following guidance is offered on when/how to signal player numbers:

Communication of numbers to the head coach – When the second referee initiates an interruption of play for a center line or net violation, the number of the player is indicated to the head coach. Right hand is base hand for numbers 0-9, show appropriate fingers using right hand first (nine would be 5 fingers on right hand, 4 on left hand simultaneously); “ten” is closed fist with right hand, 11–19, combine above signals, giving right closed fist for ten first and then right/right-left combination for second digit; numbers 20 and above, show first digit with right hand and second digit with left or both hands successively. (23 would be two on right hand and 3 on left hand; 26 would be two on right hand, and then five on right hand and one on left hand at same time).” However, the above instructions are not as clear as they could be and do not offer guidance regarding how the numbers “0” and “00,” in particular, should be shown. By noting that the right hand is base for numbers 0 – 9 but also stating that ten is shown as closed fist on the right hand, it appears that the number 0 and the number 10 would be shown the same way. This makes it unclear when a team has a player wearing 0 and another player wearing 10. Numbers ending in zero should be shown by using the right hand for the 2 in 20, the 3 in 30, the 4 in 40 and the 5 in 50. For numbers higher than 50, referees use two hands to show the 6 in 60, the 7 in 70, etc., followed by the left fist closed to show the 0 in 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, etc. Showing “0” with closed fist on the left hand makes the most sense to distinguish “0” from “10 (closed fist on the right hand). To show “00,” the referees should use closed fists on both the left and right hands. A commonly understood signaling process and commonly used signals to indicate player numbers will help to promote effective communication.

• #0: use left hand closed (clenched into a fist) to distinguish from right hand closed (clenched right fist) which is the signal for #10;

• #00: use left hand closed (clenched)) and right hand closed (clenched) at the same time;

• #1: use index finger of right hand;

• #2: use index and middle fingers of right hand (consider holding hand off to the side to not confuse it with showing an illegal multiple contact/double hit);

• #3: use thumb, index and middle fingers of right hand; (Spock’s Vulcan greeting?)

• #4: use four fingers of right hand, no thumb (consider holding hand off to the side to not confuse it with showing 4 hits);

• #5: use thumb and all four fingers of right hand;

• #6: use all 5 digits of right hand and index finger of left hand;

• #7: use all 5 digits of right hand, index and middle finger of left hand;

• #8: use all 5 digits of right hand and thumb, index and middle fingers of left hand;

• #9: use all 5 digits of right hand and index, middle, ring and small fingers of left hand;

• #10: use right hand, closed fist;

• Libero: use player’s uniform number or use the thumb and index finger of the right hand to form an “L” to indicate the libero when an open hand gesture isn’t clear enough and no one is looking at the libero’s number! Of course, this may be construed as calling someone a “loser.”

• #11 – #15: Digits for 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 involve using the closed right fist to indicate 10 while at the same time showing the single digits in the left hand at the same level as the closed right fist. • #16 – #19: Digits for 16 – 19 involve using the closed right fist to indicate 10 followed by showing the 6 through 9 as noted above. [For #16, you show 10 (closed right fist) followed by 6 (thumb and all fingers of right hand and index finger of left hand shown together). The same sequence is used for 17, 18, 19 – show closed right fist followed by the digits shown with two hands.]

• #20, #30, #40, #50: Show the first digit (2, 3, 4, or 5) with the right hand with a closed fist on the left hand with both hands on the same level. It can be helpful to hesitate slightly before showing the closed fist left hand. [For #20, show index and middle fingers of right hand, followed by the raised closed left fist. Same approach for 30, 40 and 50.]

• #60, #70, #80, #90: Show the first digit (6, 7, 8 or 9) on two hands as shown for the numbers 6, 7, 8 and 9 above, then show a closed fist on the left hand after a slight pause.

• #21 - #25, #31 - #35, #41 - #45, #51 - #55: Show the first digit (2, 3, 4 or 5) on the right hand followed by the 1 through 5 on the left hand with both hands on the same level. A slight pause between showing right hand and then left hand can be useful!

• #61 - #65, #71 - #75, #81 - #85, #91 - #95: Show the first digit (6, 7, 8 or 9) on two hands as shown for the numbers 6, 7, 8 and 9 above, then show the remaining digits on the left hand after a slight pause.

• #26 - #29, #36 - #39, #46 - #49, #56 - #59: Show the first digit (2, 3, 4 or 5) on the right hand followed by the 6 through 9 on both hands after a slight pause.

• #66 - #69, #76 - #79, #86 - #89, #96 - #99: Show the first digit (6, 7, 8 or 9) on two hands as shown for the number 6, 7, 8 and 9 above, then show the remaining digits on both hands after a slight pause.

Other Concerns:

When showing player numbers, it is important to not create confusion with signaling illegal multiple contacts (showing “2”) or 4 hits (showing “4”). The first referee should hold the player number signal in an area not used to show a foul involving number of player contacts. This could be at shoulder height and slightly to the side of the offending team as opposed to over the head where “2-hit” and “4-hit” signals are to be held

III. You make the call! – The following are general situations and unusual situations. Can you make the

right call??? Please review and discuss as a group. 1. The second referee should notify a coach of the number of substitutions used by that team beginning with that team’s 15

th substitution.

a. True b. False

2. If simultaneous contact with the ball above the net by two opponents leads to extended contact (joust), a double fault occurs due to the held ball, and the rally is replayed. a. True b. False

3. During a timeout, Team A’s players can choose to meet in the middle of their playing court, and the coaches and substitutes may join them. a. True b. False

4. An injured libero, who has been replaced by redesignation, may not return to play in that match. a. True b. False

5. After playing a ball near the net, S3 turns and moves away from the net to get into position for the next play. During this action, S3’s foot crosses completely beyond the centerline and touches Team R’s court. S3 has committed a center line fault even if no opponent is in the vicinity of S3’s foot. a. True b. False

6. Once a substitution request has been recognized (whistled) by a referee, the substitute is required to enter the match. a. True b. False

7. The second referee may whistle to stop play when they have seen an illegal contact and they believe the first referee was not in position to see the contact. a. True b. False

8. At the end of a non-deciding set, the first referee whistles and signals “end of set”, and then whistles and signals to direct the teams to immediately change courts without sending the teams to their respective end lines. a. True b. False

9. The logos on Team B’s uniform shorts are legally sized, but the logos differ from player to player. The players should be allowed to play while wearing these shorts. a. True b. False

10. An exceptional substitution never counts as one of the team’s allowable substitutions. a. True b. False

11. All team and individual sanctions remain in force for the entire match. a. True b. False

12. Once a match has begun, a team is never permitted to continue with fewer than six players, even if due to injury or illness. a. True b. False

13. A player is wearing a hard plaster cast on the wrist/forearm. The cast is padded with ½” foam. The referees should rule that the player is not allowed to participate even though the cast is padded. a. True b. False

14. After playing the ball, a player may enter a non-playing area. a. True b. False

15. After the third team hit by Team B, a front-row player from Team A reaches over the net and attacks the ball before it enters the vertical plane of the net. Since the attack occurred after Team B’s third team hit, it is a legal play. a. True b. False

16. A net fault is called when: a. A player lightly contacts the referee’s stand after playing the ball. b. A player touches an antenna. c. A player’s long hair touches the net. d. A ball is driven into the net with such force that it causes the net to contact a player.

17. During the match, the libero tracker (assistant scorer) has which of the following responsibilities? a. Notify the second referee of the status of each team’s libero (on or off the court) during timeouts. b. Record team substitutions and libero replacements. c. Notify the referees if an incorrect player replaces the libero. d. All of the above.

18. During the follow-through after attacking the ball, a player contacts the mesh in the middle portion of the net. How is this net contact ruled by the referees? a. No fault. Play continues. b. Contact with the net during an action of playing the ball is considered a fault. c. The net contact is not considered part of the playing action since the ball had already been contacted. Therefore, no fault has occurred. d. Any contact with the net is considered a fault when the ball is in play.

19. A player reaches beyond the net to block a ball that is completely in the opponent’s playing space. In which situation is this action a blocking fault? a. When a ball is falling near the net and, in the first referee’s opinion, no opponent is near enough to make a play on the ball. b. After the third hit by the opponents. c. When the block contact is simultaneous with the opponent’s attack-hit. d. After an attack-hit by the opponents

20. When the first referee whistles to stop play for a fault, he/she will: a. Award the point/loss of rally, then indicate the nature of the fault and if necessary, the player at fault. b. Only display the fault signal. c. Signal the nature of the fault, and then award the point/loss of rally. d. Signal the nature of the fault, then award the point/loss of rally, and then indicate the player at fault if necessary

III. Review Your Group’s Season

a. What issues does your group believe are important universal issues that need to

be addressed by all officials’ pools throughout the state? Please send these items to Scott McDonald at the MHSA office so they may possibly be included for rules clinics and for study clubs.

b. Discuss potential MOA Hall of Fame candidates in your area. Application forms are

available from your regional director, on the MOA Central Hub at https://moa.arbitersports.com/front/106278/Site, or from the MOA/MHSA office.

https://moa.arbitersports.com/front/106278/Site

c. Discuss your methods of evaluating and retaining fellow MOA members. Are the methods working properly and positively? Should you start a method if you’re not evaluating at the present time? These evaluation procedures are especially important to review and discuss because of the process for selecting tournament officials and because the rankings/ratings of each pool is used to help determine selection.

Do these methods work for “upgrading”? Are they fair to all of your levels? Are you allowing anybody to upgrade? Are your methods for not allowing an upgrade fair?

d. For everyone’s benefit, review dues deadlines and upgrading procedures/requirements.

Be aware of the importance of notifying the MOA office of address changes. Know the “dues due” date.

e. You have an obligation to read the MOA Handbook. All officials should be aware of the

governing body’s rules and regulations. Any changes you’d like to see should be directed to your regional director for the council’s meeting in December.

f. Take time to discuss your pool’s assignment practices. Is your method fair to all

involved? What areas may need some improvement or change in relation to assignment of officials?

g. Are there any items, issues, clarifications that possibly would benefit all officials by putting

it in our official’s publication, The Official Word?

OUTLINES MUST BE SIGNED BY ALL PRESENT AND SENT TO YOUR REGIONAL


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