More Amendments And A Little ReviewAMENDMENTS ALTERING THE PRESIDENCY

First Amendment

Five basic freedoms Freedoms Speech, Religion, Press, Assembly,

and Petition What are some limits on these freedoms? Speech: “clear and present danger” Press: Libel and Slander

Second Amendment

Right to bear arms

Purpose was originally to protect Americans from a tyrannical government

Many developed countries do not give their citizens this right

Third Amendment

Prohibits the government from placing troops in people’s homes without their permission

No “quartering” soldiers

Fourth Amendment

Protects individuals from “unreasonable searches and seizures” by the government

A judge must sign a search warrant before a search can be conducted

Fifth Amendment A person cannot be deprived of life, liberty, or

property without due process- legal procedures Eminent domain- the government’s power to

take private property for public use with fair compensation

Double jeopardy- A person cannot be tried for the same crime twice if found innocent

Self-incrimination- A person cannot be forced to say things that will be used against him or her. A person does not have to testify in court.

Sixth Amendment

The right to…A jury trial in criminal casesFair trial Impartial juryPublic trialAn attorneyBe told of the charges against you

Seventh Amendment

Right to a jury trial in civil cases

Such as… car accidents, contract disagreements, discrimination in employment

Eighth Amendment

Bans cruel and unusual punishment

Bans excessive bail

Ninth Amendment

American citizens have more rights than what is actually listed in the Bill of Right

A safety net for the rights of American citizens

Tenth Amendment

All powers not specifically given to the federal government are reserved to the state governments

Federalism- power is divided between the federal and state governments

13th, 14th, 15th

13th- Bans slavery and involuntary servitude 14th- Says that all persons born or naturalized

in the US are US citizens. Says that STATES cannot deprive people of due process or equal protection of the laws.

15th- Says that the right to vote cannot be denied on the basis of race

Civil War/Reconstructio

n Amendments

16th, 17th, 18th, 19th

16th- Created a progressive/graduated income tax 17th- Established the direct election of US

Senators 18th- Banned the production, sale, and import of

alcohol 19th- The right to vote cannot be denied on the

basis of sex Progressive Era

Amendments

Good job! Now to the next set!

Amendments Altering the Presidency

Five amendments have modified the Executive branch

12, 20, 22, 23, 25

Amendment XII (12)- 1804 The original Constitution stated that the candidate

who receives the most electoral votes becomes President and the runner-up becomes Vice President. How could this be troublesome?

Amendment XII allows the political parties to nominate their own candidates for President and Vice President

It also says that if neither candidate reaches 270 electoral votes, the House of Representatives would choose the President

Amendment XX (20)- 1933

Originally, March 4th was the date for the new President to take office.

The 20th Amendment changed this date to January 20th due to changes in transportation and communication

The goal was to put an end to the “lame duck” President.

What was going on that led to the ratification of this amendment at this specific time in history?

Amendment XXII (22)- 1951 The original Constitution said nothinggggg about

limiting the terms of the President Washington left after two terms which set a

precedent that was followed until 1940 The 22nd Amendment limits Presidents to two full

terms in office However, it is possible for a President to serve 10

years

Amendment XXIII (23)- 1961

When D.C. was first established as the capital, it was thought of as a temporary residence for government employees so residents were not given the right to vote as residents of Washington D.C.

The 23rd Amendment gave D.C. residents the right to vote for President

They have three electoral votes

Amendment XXV (25)- 1967 If the President dies while in office, the VP takes

over, but who becomes VP? The original Constitution didn’t say.

The 25th Amendment clarified what happens upon the death, removal, or resignation of the President or Vice President.

When the VP becomes President he/she chooses someone to be VP, with the approval of Congress.

Also states that if the President cannot perform his/her duties, the VP takes over those duties as acting President

The change to direct election of senators, the lowering of the voting age to 18, and the establishment of a two-term limit for presidents are all examples of the use of…

a. Judicial Review

b. Checks and Balances

c. Executive Privilege

d. The Amendment Process

Which governmental practice established under the unwritten constitution was later included in the written Constitution by an amendment?a. Appointing members of the Presidents Cabinetb. Limiting the President’s time in office to two termsc. Exercising Judicial Reviewd. Holding political party conventions

Questions

Name TWO amendments that changed the office of the Presidency. Then describe ONE provision (part) of each amendment that altered the Presidency.

Of the five amendments altering the Presidency, which would you rank as most important? EXPLAIN your answer.