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Morphological awareness Morphological awareness training following the training following the
principles of MSL learningprinciples of MSL learning
Morphological awareness Morphological awareness training training MMorphemesorphemes are are the smallest linguistic the smallest linguistic
units with a meaning (e.g. ‘units with a meaning (e.g. ‘ununhappy,’ happy,’ ‘‘ununlucky,’ ‘lucky,’ ‘ununsatisfied’) or a satisfied’) or a grammatical function (e.g. ‘lookgrammatical function (e.g. ‘lookss,’ ,’ ‘look‘lookeded’)’),,
Some words cannot be further broken Some words cannot be further broken down (e.g. ‘car’), they are down (e.g. ‘car’), they are free free morphemes morphemes since they can stand alone, since they can stand alone,
BBound morphemes ound morphemes (e.g. ‘un-,‘ ‘-s,’ or ‘-(e.g. ‘un-,‘ ‘-s,’ or ‘-ed’) are always attached to some other ed’) are always attached to some other morphemesmorphemes
Project-Number: 518466-LLP-1-2011-PL-COMENIUS-CMPGrant agreement number: 2011-3631/001-001
Morphological awareness Morphological awareness training training
Bound morphemes Bound morphemes ((affixesaffixes) are ) are classified into classified into prefixesprefixes, which attach , which attach to the beginning of words, and to the beginning of words, and suffixessuffixes, which attach to the end of , which attach to the end of wordswords,,
Bound morphemes Bound morphemes can be also can be also divided, according to their function divided, according to their function in complex words, into in complex words, into derivationalderivational and and inflectional morphemesinflectional morphemes,,
Project-Number: 518466-LLP-1-2011-PL-COMENIUS-CMPGrant agreement number: 2011-3631/001-001
Morphological awareness Morphological awareness training training
Derivational Derivational morphemes morphemes have a power have a power to to derive (create) new wordsderive (create) new words, either by , either by changing the original word’s meaning changing the original word’s meaning (e.g. ‘un-‘ added to ‘happy’) or its part (e.g. ‘un-‘ added to ‘happy’) or its part of speech (e.g. ‘-ness’ added to ‘quick’)of speech (e.g. ‘-ness’ added to ‘quick’),,
Inflectional morphemes Inflectional morphemes do not form do not form new words but change the existing ones new words but change the existing ones by refining and giving extra information by refining and giving extra information (e.g. ‘-s’ added to ‘cat’). (e.g. ‘-s’ added to ‘cat’).
Project-Number: 518466-LLP-1-2011-PL-COMENIUS-CMPGrant agreement number: 2011-3631/001-001
Morphological awareness Morphological awareness training training
Inflectional morphemes Inflectional morphemes occur at the occur at the end of a word, following derivational end of a word, following derivational morphemesmorphemes,,
In English there are eight inflexional In English there are eight inflexional morphemes, they all are morphemes, they all are suffixessuffixes (‘-s’ (‘-s’ 33rdrd person singular present, ‘-s’ plural, person singular present, ‘-s’ plural, ‘-ed’ past tense, ‘-ing’ progressive, ‘-‘-ed’ past tense, ‘-ing’ progressive, ‘-en’ past participle, ‘-‘s’ possessive, ‘-en’ past participle, ‘-‘s’ possessive, ‘-er’ comparative and ‘-est’ superlative)er’ comparative and ‘-est’ superlative)
Project-Number: 518466-LLP-1-2011-PL-COMENIUS-CMPGrant agreement number: 2011-3631/001-001
Students use cards and movable Students use cards and movable devices with words and devices with words and
morphemes to form word familiesmorphemes to form word families educate education educateduneducated educating educator educators educational
employ employedunemployed employmentunemployment employee employer
freshrefreshrefreshments freshly freshman freshness refresher
Project-Number: 518466-LLP-1-2011-PL-COMENIUS-CMPGrant agreement number: 2011-3631/001-001
Project-Number: 518466-LLP-1-2011-PL-COMENIUS-CMPGrant agreement number: 2011-3631/001-001
Morphological awareness Morphological awareness training training
Mark the base word in the following word Mark the base word in the following word familyfamily
formal formality formalize formally formal formality formalize formally
informally informal informality informally informal informality formalist formalistic formalistformalist formalistic formalistformalformal formalformality ity formalformalize ize formalformally ly
ininformalformally inly informalformal in informalformality ity formalformalist ist formalformalistic istic formalformalistist
Project-Number: 518466-LLP-1-2011-PL-COMENIUS-CMPGrant agreement number: 2011-3631/001-001
Morphological awareness Morphological awareness training training
Find the words that do not belong to a Find the words that do not belong to a ‘belief’ family‘belief’ family
beliefs disbelief believable beliefs disbelief believable beautifully disbelieve beautifully disbelieve
unbeatable unbelievably unbeatable unbelievably believer unbelievable non-believer unbelievable non-believerbeliever
Project-Number: 518466-LLP-1-2011-PL-COMENIUS-CMPGrant agreement number: 2011-3631/001-001
Morphological awareness Morphological awareness training training
Choose the odd one out in each Choose the odd one out in each groupgroupdifferently, differential, difficult, differently, differential, difficult, difference, different, differdifference, different, differcentral, certain, centrally, center, central, certain, centrally, center, centralizationcentralizationperfect, perfection, prefect, perfect, perfection, prefect, imperfection, perfectionist, imperfectimperfection, perfectionist, imperfect
Project-Number: 518466-LLP-1-2011-PL-COMENIUS-CMPGrant agreement number: 2011-3631/001-001
Morphological awareness Morphological awareness training training
Do the following pairs of words belong Do the following pairs of words belong to the same familyto the same family??friend/friendliness friend/friendliness casual/causalcasual/causal enable/unableenable/unable praying/playing praying/playing filing/fillingfiling/fillingscience/scientistscience/scientist
Project-Number: 518466-LLP-1-2011-PL-COMENIUS-CMPGrant agreement number: 2011-3631/001-001
Sort the Sort the wordswords to form two word familiesto form two word families
friend painful painfullyfriend painful painfully
friendship friendly painfriendship friendly pain
painless painkiller painless painkiller unfriendlyunfriendly
Morphological awareness Morphological awareness training training
Project-Number: 518466-LLP-1-2011-PL-COMENIUS-CMPGrant agreement number: 2011-3631/001-001
Morphological awareness Morphological awareness training training Split the words into its constituent morphemesSplit the words into its constituent morphemes
correct corrective correct corrective correctional correctional incorrect incorrectly corrections incorrect incorrectly corrections correctly correctnesscorrectly correctness
correct correct inincorrectcorrectlyly correctcorrectiveive correctcorrectionsions correctcorrectional ional correct correctlyly inincorrect correctcorrect correctnessness
Project-Number: 518466-LLP-1-2011-PL-COMENIUS-CMPGrant agreement number: 2011-3631/001-001
Based on:Based on:Nijakowska, J. (2010). Dyslexia in the foreign language classroom.
Bristol: Multilingual Matters.Jurek, A. (2008). Kształcenie umiejętności ortograficznych uczniów
z dysleksją (Developing orthographic skills in dyslexic learners). Gdańsk: Wydawnictwo Harmonia.
This project has been founded with support from the European Commission. This project has been founded with support from the European Commission. This publication [communication] reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission can not be held responsible for any use This publication [communication] reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission can not be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.which may be made of the information contained therein.
Project-Number: 518466-LLP-1-2011-PL-COMENIUS-CMPGrant agreement number: 2011-3631/001-001